깎다

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 가ᇧ다〮 (Yale: kàsk-tá).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [k͈a̠k̚t͈a̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [깍따]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	kkakda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	kkakkda
McCune–Reischauer?	kkakta
Yale Romanization?	kkakkta

Verb

Korean verb set

Base	깎다 (kkakda)
Causative	깎이다 (kkakkida)
Passive	깎이다 (kkakkida)

깎다 • (kkakda) (infinitive 깎아, sequential 깎으니) (transitive)

사과를 깎기

1. to cut, shave, peel, mow, clip

   수염을 깎다 ― suyeom-eul kkakda ― to shave one's face

   잔디를 깎다 ― jandi-reul kkakda ― to mow the grass

2. to reduce, to discount

   너무 비싸요. 조금만 깎아 주세요?

   Neomu bissayo. Jogeum-man kkakka juseyo?

   It's too expensive. Can you give a little discount?

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 깎다 (kkakda): consonant-stem, regular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	깎는다 kkangneunda	깎아 kkakka	깎아요 kkakkayo	깎습니다 kkakseumnida
	Past	깎았다 kkakkatda	깎았어 kkakkasseo	깎았어요 kkakkasseoyo	깎았습니다 kkakkatseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	깎느냐 kkangneunya	깎아 kkakka	깎아요 kkakkayo	깎습니까 kkakseumnikka
	Past	깎았느냐 kkakkanneunya	깎았어 kkakkasseo	깎았어요 kkakkasseoyo	깎았습니까 kkakkatseumnikka
Hortative		깎자 kkakja	깎아 kkakka	깎아요 kkakkayo	깎으십시다 kkakkeusipsida
Imperative		깎아라 kkakkara	깎아 kkakka	깎아요 kkakkayo	깎읍시오 kkakkeupsio
Assertive		깎겠다 kkakgetda	깎겠어 kkakgesseo	깎겠어요 kkakgesseoyo	깎겠습니다 kkakgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		깎아 kkakka	깎아서 kkakkaseo	깎으니 kkakkeuni	깎으니까 kkakkeunikka
Contrast		깎지만 kkakjiman	깎는데 kkangneunde	깎더니 kkakdeoni
Conjunction		깎고 kkakgo
Condition		깎으면 kkakkeumyeon	깎아야 kkakkaya
Motive		깎으려고 kkakkeuryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		깎음 kkakkeum	깎기 kkakgi
Past-tense verbal nouns		깎았음 kkakkasseum	깎았기 kkakkatgi
Determiners	Past	깎은 kkakkeun
	Present	깎는 kkangneun
	Future	깎을 kkakkeul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	깎으신다 kkakkeusinda	깎으셔 kkakkeusyeo	깎으세요, 깎으셔요 kkakkeuseyo, kkakkeusyeoyo	깎으십니다 kkakkeusimnida
	Past	깎으셨다 kkakkeusyeotda	깎으셨어 kkakkeusyeosseo	깎으셨어요 kkakkeusyeosseoyo	깎으셨습니다 kkakkeusyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	깎으시느냐 kkakkeusineunya	깎으셔 kkakkeusyeo	깎으세요, 깎으셔요 kkakkeuseyo, kkakkeusyeoyo	깎으십니까 kkakkeusimnikka
	Past	깎으셨느냐 kkakkeusyeonneunya	깎으셨어 kkakkeusyeosseo	깎으셨어요 kkakkeusyeosseoyo	깎으셨습니까 kkakkeusyeotseumnikka
Imperative		깎으시라 kkakkeusira	깎으셔 kkakkeusyeo	깎으세요 kkakkeuseyo	깎으십시오 kkakkeusipsio
Assertive		깎으시겠다 kkakkeusigetda	깎으시겠어 kkakkeusigesseo	깎으시겠어요 kkakkeusigesseoyo	깎으시겠습니다 kkakkeusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		깎으셔 kkakkeusyeo	깎으셔서 kkakkeusyeoseo	깎으시니 kkakkeusini	깎으시니까 kkakkeusinikka
Contrast		깎으시지만 kkakkeusijiman	깎으시는데 kkakkeusineunde	깎으시더니 kkakkeusideoni
Conjunction		깎으시고 kkakkeusigo
Condition		깎으시면 kkakkeusimyeon	깎으셔야 kkakkeusyeoya
Motive		깎으시려고 kkakkeusiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		깎으심 kkakkeusim	깎으시기 kkakkeusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		깎으셨음 kkakkeusyeosseum	깎으셨기 kkakkeusyeotgi
Determiners	Past	깎으신 kkakkeusin
	Present	깎으시는 kkakkeusineun
	Future	깎으실 kkakkeusil

Derived terms

• 까끄라기 (kkakkeuragi, “beard, awn, arista”)
• 손톱깎이 (sontopkkakki, “nail clippers”)

Further reading

• 깎다 in Korean-English Learners' Dictionary, National Institute of Korean Language, cc by-sa 2.0 kr.