Apuntes 3er Departamental
Apuntes 3er Departamental
Apuntes 3er Departamental
𝑏
∫𝑎 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 Intervalo [a,b] n intervalos
Xi = X⁰ + i(b-a/n)i ; i = 0, 1, 2,... ,n
X⁰ = a y Xn = b
f(x) = P¹(x)
X⁰ = a y X¹ = b
x0 x1
a b
h=b-a
Ejercicio:
a) a = 500 y b = 1800
Puntos 0 1 2 3 4 5
Solución:
h = b - a = 1800 - 500 = 1300
A¹= h/2 [f(x⁰)+f(x¹)]
A¹ = 1300/2 [9 + 23] = 20800
5
b) Aproxime 𝐴2 = ∫0 (2 + 3𝑥)𝑑𝑥
h=b-a=5-0=5
A² = 5/2 ([2 + 3(0)] + [2 + 3(5]) = 47.5
Lunes 8 de noviembre
Método trapezoidal compuesto
2
1 2−1
∫ 𝑑𝑥 ⇒ 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = 2, 𝑛 = 10 {𝛥𝑥 = ℎ = = 0.10}
1 𝑥 10
Aplicando la ecuación se tiene:
2
1 0.1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
∫ 𝑑𝑥 = [ +2 +2 +2 +2 +2 +2 +2 +2 +2 +2 ]
1 𝑥 2 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2
= 0.6937
Martes 9 de noviembre
Algoritmo de Simpson
Ejercicio: Aproximar integrales del ejercicio anterior (Método trapezoidal)
a) h = ½(b*a) = 1800 - 500/2 = 650
x⁰ = 500
x¹ = x⁰ + h = 500 + 650 = 1150
x² = 1800
f(x⁰) = 9
f(x¹) = 16.08
f(x²) = 23
Se obtiene con polinomio de 2do grado en diferencias finitas.
A¹= h/3[f(x⁰) + 4f(x¹) + f(x²)]
:. A¹= 650/3 [9 + 4(16.08) + 23] = 20869.3333
b) h = (5 - 0)/2 = 2.5
5
𝐴=∫ (2 + 3𝑥)𝑑𝑥
0
x⁰ = 0
x¹ = h + x⁰ = 2.5
x² = 5
A² = 2.5/3 [ 2 + 3(0) + 4(2 + 3(2.4)) + 2 + 3(5)] = 47.5
4
c) 𝐴3 = ∫−2 (1 + 2𝑥 + 3𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑥
h = (4-(2-)) / 2 = 3
x⁰ = - 2
x¹ = -2 + 3 = 1
x² = 4
A³ = 3/3 [1 + 2(-2) +3(-2)² +4(1+2(1)+3(1)²) +1 + 2(4) + 3(4)²] = 90
𝛱/2
d) 𝐴4 = ∫0 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 𝑑𝑥
h =( π/2 -0) /2 = 0.7853 = π/4
x⁰ = 0
x¹ = h + x⁰ = 0.7853 = π/4
x² = π/2
A⁴ = 0.7853/3 [sen(0) + 4 sen(π/2) + den(π/2)]
A⁴ = 0.0215
2
1
∫ 𝑑𝑥 ⇒ 𝑀é𝑡𝑜𝑑𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑠𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑒 1/3
1 𝑥
n = 10
a=1
b=2
∆ x = (b-a) / n
2 𝑛 𝑛−1
1 𝛥𝑥
⇒∫ 𝑑𝑥 = [𝑓(𝑥 0 ) + 4 ∑ 𝑓(𝑥2𝑖−1 ) + 2 ∑ 𝑓(𝑥2𝑖 ) + 𝑓(𝑥𝑛 )]
1 𝑥 3
𝑖=1 𝑖=1
= (0.1) / 3 [ 1/1 + 4(1/1.1) + 2(1/1.2) + 4(1/1.3) + 2(1/1.4) + 4(1/1.5) + 2(1/1.6) + 4(1/1.7) +
2(1/1.8) + 4(1/1.9) + ½] = 0.6931
Y aplicando Simpson de 3/g con n= 3
a=1
b=2
h = ∆ x = (b - a) / n = 0.3333
2
1 3ℎ 1 1
⇒∫ 𝑑𝑥 = [1/1 + 3 +3 + 1/2] = 0.6936
1 𝑥 8 0.3333 0.6666