From 4c3c39a1ea9a3bfe017e49fce8d94727a96e6932 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Berthin Torres <berthin@Berthins-Mini.home>
Date: Sat, 21 Jun 2025 19:21:13 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 01/18] iadd support for the envvar and implement tests

---
 Lib/netrc.py           |   2 +-
 Lib/test/test_netrc.py | 109 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------
 2 files changed, 80 insertions(+), 31 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Lib/netrc.py b/Lib/netrc.py
index b285fd8e357ddb..f2d56d0fac1de3 100644
--- a/Lib/netrc.py
+++ b/Lib/netrc.py
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ class netrc:
     def __init__(self, file=None):
         default_netrc = file is None
         if file is None:
-            file = os.path.join(os.path.expanduser("~"), ".netrc")
+            file = os.environ.get("NETRC", "") or os.path.join(os.path.expanduser("~"), ".netrc")
         self.hosts = {}
         self.macros = {}
         try:
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_netrc.py b/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
index 81e11a293cc4c8..d2b88b19df832d 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
@@ -1,45 +1,92 @@
-import netrc, os, unittest, sys, textwrap
-from test.support import os_helper
+import netrc, os, unittest, sys, textwrap, tempfile
+
+from test import support
+from unittest import mock
 
 try:
     import pwd
 except ImportError:
     pwd = None
 
-temp_filename = os_helper.TESTFN
+
+def generate_netrc(directory, filename, data):
+    data = textwrap.dedent(data)
+    mode = 'w'
+    mode = 'w'
+    if sys.platform != 'cygwin':
+        mode += 't'
+    with open(os.path.join(directory, filename), mode, encoding="utf-8") as fp:
+        fp.write(data)
+
 
 class NetrcTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
 
-    def make_nrc(self, test_data):
-        test_data = textwrap.dedent(test_data)
-        mode = 'w'
-        if sys.platform != 'cygwin':
-            mode += 't'
-        with open(temp_filename, mode, encoding="utf-8") as fp:
-            fp.write(test_data)
-        try:
-            nrc = netrc.netrc(temp_filename)
-        finally:
-            os.unlink(temp_filename)
+    @staticmethod
+    def home_netrc(data):
+        with support.os_helper.EnvironmentVarGuard() as environ, \
+            tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir:
+                environ.unset('NETRC')
+                environ.unset('HOME')
+
+                generate_netrc(tmpdir, ".netrc", data)
+                os.chmod(os.path.join(tmpdir, ".netrc"), 0o600)
+
+                with mock.patch("os.path.expanduser"):
+                    os.path.expanduser.return_value = tmpdir
+                    nrc = netrc.netrc()
+
         return nrc
 
-    def test_toplevel_non_ordered_tokens(self):
-        nrc = self.make_nrc("""\
+    @staticmethod
+    def envvar_netrc(data):
+        with support.os_helper.EnvironmentVarGuard() as environ:
+            with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir:
+                environ.set('NETRC', os.path.join(tmpdir, ".netrc"))
+                environ.unset('HOME')
+
+                generate_netrc(tmpdir, ".netrc", data)
+                os.chmod(os.path.join(tmpdir, ".netrc"), 0o600)
+
+                nrc = netrc.netrc()
+
+        return nrc
+        
+    @staticmethod
+    def file_argument(data):
+        with support.os_helper.EnvironmentVarGuard() as environ:
+            with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir:
+                environ.set('NETRC', 'not-a-file.random')
+
+                generate_netrc(tmpdir, ".netrc", data)
+                os.chmod(os.path.join(tmpdir, ".netrc"), 0o600)
+
+                nrc = netrc.netrc(os.path.join(tmpdir, ".netrc"))
+
+        return nrc
+
+    def make_nrc(self, test_data):
+        return self.file_argument(test_data)
+    
+    @support.subTests('nrc_builder', (home_netrc, envvar_netrc, file_argument))
+    def test_toplevel_non_ordered_tokens(self, nrc_builder):
+        nrc = nrc_builder("""\
             machine host.domain.com password pass1 login log1 account acct1
             default login log2 password pass2 account acct2
             """)
         self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['host.domain.com'], ('log1', 'acct1', 'pass1'))
         self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['default'], ('log2', 'acct2', 'pass2'))
 
-    def test_toplevel_tokens(self):
-        nrc = self.make_nrc("""\
+    @support.subTests('nrc_builder', (home_netrc, envvar_netrc, file_argument))
+    def test_toplevel_tokens(self, nrc_builder):
+        nrc = nrc_builder("""\
             machine host.domain.com login log1 password pass1 account acct1
             default login log2 password pass2 account acct2
             """)
         self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['host.domain.com'], ('log1', 'acct1', 'pass1'))
         self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['default'], ('log2', 'acct2', 'pass2'))
 
-    def test_macros(self):
+    @support.subTests('nrc_builder', (home_netrc, envvar_netrc, file_argument))
+    def test_macros(self, nrc_builder):
         data = """\
             macdef macro1
             line1
@@ -50,14 +97,15 @@ def test_macros(self):
             line4
 
         """
-        nrc = self.make_nrc(data)
+        nrc = nrc_builder(data)
         self.assertEqual(nrc.macros, {'macro1': ['line1\n', 'line2\n'],
                                       'macro2': ['line3\n', 'line4\n']})
         # strip the last \n
         self.assertRaises(netrc.NetrcParseError, self.make_nrc,
                           data.rstrip(' ')[:-1])
 
-    def test_optional_tokens(self):
+    @support.subTests('nrc_builder', (home_netrc, envvar_netrc, file_argument))
+    def test_optional_tokens(self, nrc_builder):
         data = (
             "machine host.domain.com",
             "machine host.domain.com login",
@@ -68,7 +116,7 @@ def test_optional_tokens(self):
             "machine host.domain.com account \"\" password"
         )
         for item in data:
-            nrc = self.make_nrc(item)
+            nrc = nrc_builder(item)
             self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['host.domain.com'], ('', '', ''))
         data = (
             "default",
@@ -83,7 +131,8 @@ def test_optional_tokens(self):
             nrc = self.make_nrc(item)
             self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['default'], ('', '', ''))
 
-    def test_invalid_tokens(self):
+    @support.subTests('nrc_builder', (home_netrc, envvar_netrc, file_argument))
+    def test_invalid_tokens(self, nrc_builder):
         data = (
             "invalid host.domain.com",
             "machine host.domain.com invalid",
@@ -92,7 +141,7 @@ def test_invalid_tokens(self):
             "default host.domain.com login log password pass account acct invalid"
         )
         for item in data:
-            self.assertRaises(netrc.NetrcParseError, self.make_nrc, item)
+            self.assertRaises(netrc.NetrcParseError, nrc_builder, item)
 
     def _test_token_x(self, nrc, token, value):
         nrc = self.make_nrc(nrc)
@@ -102,7 +151,7 @@ def _test_token_x(self, nrc, token, value):
             self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['host.domain.com'], ('log', value, 'pass'))
         elif token == 'password':
             self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['host.domain.com'], ('log', 'acct', value))
-
+    
     def test_token_value_quotes(self):
         self._test_token_x("""\
             machine host.domain.com login "log" password pass account acct
@@ -272,20 +321,20 @@ def test_comment_at_end_of_machine_line_pass_has_hash(self):
 
     @unittest.skipUnless(os.name == 'posix', 'POSIX only test')
     @unittest.skipIf(pwd is None, 'security check requires pwd module')
-    @os_helper.skip_unless_working_chmod
+    @support.os_helper.skip_unless_working_chmod
     def test_security(self):
         # This test is incomplete since we are normally not run as root and
         # therefore can't test the file ownership being wrong.
-        d = os_helper.TESTFN
+        d = support.os_helper.TESTFN
         os.mkdir(d)
-        self.addCleanup(os_helper.rmtree, d)
+        self.addCleanup(support.os_helper.rmtree, d)
         fn = os.path.join(d, '.netrc')
         with open(fn, 'wt') as f:
             f.write("""\
                 machine foo.domain.com login bar password pass
                 default login foo password pass
                 """)
-        with os_helper.EnvironmentVarGuard() as environ:
+        with support.os_helper.EnvironmentVarGuard() as environ:
             environ.set('HOME', d)
             os.chmod(fn, 0o600)
             nrc = netrc.netrc()
@@ -298,7 +347,7 @@ def test_security(self):
                 machine foo.domain.com login anonymous password pass
                 default login foo password pass
                 """)
-        with os_helper.EnvironmentVarGuard() as environ:
+        with support.os_helper.EnvironmentVarGuard() as environ:
             environ.set('HOME', d)
             os.chmod(fn, 0o600)
             nrc = netrc.netrc()

From 50ca1d0dca52a5edbb236a828f3ab8651b8c786f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Berthin Torres <berthin@Berthins-Mini.home>
Date: Sat, 21 Jun 2025 22:20:22 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 02/18] refactor tests and double check logic for security

---
 Lib/netrc.py           |   5 +-
 Lib/test/test_netrc.py | 335 +++++++++++++++++++++++------------------
 2 files changed, 192 insertions(+), 148 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Lib/netrc.py b/Lib/netrc.py
index f2d56d0fac1de3..e78b400d5278ea 100644
--- a/Lib/netrc.py
+++ b/Lib/netrc.py
@@ -65,9 +65,10 @@ def push_token(self, token):
 
 class netrc:
     def __init__(self, file=None):
-        default_netrc = file is None
+        netrc_envvar = os.environ.get("NETRC", "")
+        default_netrc = file is None and not bool(netrc_envvar)
         if file is None:
-            file = os.environ.get("NETRC", "") or os.path.join(os.path.expanduser("~"), ".netrc")
+            file = netrc_envvar or os.path.join(os.path.expanduser("~"), ".netrc")
         self.hosts = {}
         self.macros = {}
         try:
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_netrc.py b/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
index d2b88b19df832d..080c3b126b6187 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 from test import support
 from unittest import mock
+from contextlib import ExitStack
 
 try:
     import pwd
@@ -9,84 +10,89 @@
     pwd = None
 
 
-def generate_netrc(directory, filename, data):
-    data = textwrap.dedent(data)
-    mode = 'w'
-    mode = 'w'
-    if sys.platform != 'cygwin':
-        mode += 't'
-    with open(os.path.join(directory, filename), mode, encoding="utf-8") as fp:
-        fp.write(data)
+class NetrcEnvironment:
+    def __enter__(self):
+        self.stack = ExitStack()
+        self.environ = self.stack.enter_context(support.os_helper.EnvironmentVarGuard())
+        self.tmpdir = self.stack.enter_context(tempfile.TemporaryDirectory())
+        return self
 
+    def __exit__(self, *ignore_exc):
+        self.stack.close()
 
-class NetrcTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def home_netrc(data):
-        with support.os_helper.EnvironmentVarGuard() as environ, \
-            tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir:
-                environ.unset('NETRC')
-                environ.unset('HOME')
+    def generate_netrc(self, content, filename=".netrc", mode=0o600, encoding="utf-8"):
+        write_mode = "w"
+        if sys.platform != "cygwin":
+            write_mode += "t"
+        
+        netrc_file = os.path.join(self.tmpdir, filename)
+        with open(netrc_file, mode=write_mode, encoding=encoding) as fp:
+            fp.write(textwrap.dedent(content))
 
-                generate_netrc(tmpdir, ".netrc", data)
-                os.chmod(os.path.join(tmpdir, ".netrc"), 0o600)
+        os.chmod(netrc_file, mode=mode)
 
-                with mock.patch("os.path.expanduser"):
-                    os.path.expanduser.return_value = tmpdir
-                    nrc = netrc.netrc()
+        return netrc_file
 
-        return nrc
 
+class NetrcBuilder:
     @staticmethod
-    def envvar_netrc(data):
-        with support.os_helper.EnvironmentVarGuard() as environ:
-            with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir:
-                environ.set('NETRC', os.path.join(tmpdir, ".netrc"))
-                environ.unset('HOME')
+    def use_default_netrc_in_home(*args, **kwargs):
+        with NetrcEnvironment() as helper:
+            helper.environ.unset("NETRC")
+            helper.environ.unset("HOME")
+            
+            helper.generate_netrc(*args, **kwargs)
 
-                generate_netrc(tmpdir, ".netrc", data)
-                os.chmod(os.path.join(tmpdir, ".netrc"), 0o600)
+            with mock.patch("os.path.expanduser"):
+                os.path.expanduser.return_value = helper.tmpdir
+                return netrc.netrc()
 
-                nrc = netrc.netrc()
+    @staticmethod
+    def use_netrc_envvar(*args, **kwargs):
+        with NetrcEnvironment() as helper:
+            netrc_file = helper.generate_netrc(*args, **kwargs)
 
-        return nrc
+            helper.environ.set("NETRC", netrc_file)
+            return netrc.netrc()
         
     @staticmethod
-    def file_argument(data):
-        with support.os_helper.EnvironmentVarGuard() as environ:
-            with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir:
-                environ.set('NETRC', 'not-a-file.random')
+    def use_file_argument(*args, **kwargs):
+        with NetrcEnvironment() as helper:
+            helper.environ.set("NETRC", "not-a-file.netrc")
 
-                generate_netrc(tmpdir, ".netrc", data)
-                os.chmod(os.path.join(tmpdir, ".netrc"), 0o600)
+            netrc_file = helper.generate_netrc(*args, **kwargs)
+            return netrc.netrc(netrc_file)
 
-                nrc = netrc.netrc(os.path.join(tmpdir, ".netrc"))
+    @staticmethod
+    def use_all_strategies():
+        return (NetrcBuilder.use_default_netrc_in_home,
+                NetrcBuilder.use_netrc_envvar,
+                NetrcBuilder.use_file_argument)
 
-        return nrc
 
-    def make_nrc(self, test_data):
-        return self.file_argument(test_data)
-    
-    @support.subTests('nrc_builder', (home_netrc, envvar_netrc, file_argument))
-    def test_toplevel_non_ordered_tokens(self, nrc_builder):
-        nrc = nrc_builder("""\
+class NetrcTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
+    ALL_STRATEGIES = NetrcBuilder.use_all_strategies()
+
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    def test_toplevel_non_ordered_tokens(self, make_nrc):
+        nrc = make_nrc("""\
             machine host.domain.com password pass1 login log1 account acct1
             default login log2 password pass2 account acct2
             """)
         self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['host.domain.com'], ('log1', 'acct1', 'pass1'))
         self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['default'], ('log2', 'acct2', 'pass2'))
 
-    @support.subTests('nrc_builder', (home_netrc, envvar_netrc, file_argument))
-    def test_toplevel_tokens(self, nrc_builder):
-        nrc = nrc_builder("""\
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    def test_toplevel_tokens(self, make_nrc):
+        nrc = make_nrc("""\
             machine host.domain.com login log1 password pass1 account acct1
             default login log2 password pass2 account acct2
             """)
         self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['host.domain.com'], ('log1', 'acct1', 'pass1'))
         self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['default'], ('log2', 'acct2', 'pass2'))
 
-    @support.subTests('nrc_builder', (home_netrc, envvar_netrc, file_argument))
-    def test_macros(self, nrc_builder):
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    def test_macros(self, make_nrc):
         data = """\
             macdef macro1
             line1
@@ -97,15 +103,15 @@ def test_macros(self, nrc_builder):
             line4
 
         """
-        nrc = nrc_builder(data)
+        nrc = make_nrc(data)
         self.assertEqual(nrc.macros, {'macro1': ['line1\n', 'line2\n'],
                                       'macro2': ['line3\n', 'line4\n']})
         # strip the last \n
-        self.assertRaises(netrc.NetrcParseError, self.make_nrc,
+        self.assertRaises(netrc.NetrcParseError, make_nrc,
                           data.rstrip(' ')[:-1])
 
-    @support.subTests('nrc_builder', (home_netrc, envvar_netrc, file_argument))
-    def test_optional_tokens(self, nrc_builder):
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    def test_optional_tokens(self, make_nrc):
         data = (
             "machine host.domain.com",
             "machine host.domain.com login",
@@ -116,7 +122,7 @@ def test_optional_tokens(self, nrc_builder):
             "machine host.domain.com account \"\" password"
         )
         for item in data:
-            nrc = nrc_builder(item)
+            nrc = make_nrc(item)
             self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['host.domain.com'], ('', '', ''))
         data = (
             "default",
@@ -128,11 +134,11 @@ def test_optional_tokens(self, nrc_builder):
             "default account \"\" password"
         )
         for item in data:
-            nrc = self.make_nrc(item)
+            nrc = make_nrc(item)
             self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['default'], ('', '', ''))
 
-    @support.subTests('nrc_builder', (home_netrc, envvar_netrc, file_argument))
-    def test_invalid_tokens(self, nrc_builder):
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    def test_invalid_tokens(self, make_nrc):
         data = (
             "invalid host.domain.com",
             "machine host.domain.com invalid",
@@ -141,10 +147,10 @@ def test_invalid_tokens(self, nrc_builder):
             "default host.domain.com login log password pass account acct invalid"
         )
         for item in data:
-            self.assertRaises(netrc.NetrcParseError, nrc_builder, item)
+            self.assertRaises(netrc.NetrcParseError, make_nrc, item)
 
-    def _test_token_x(self, nrc, token, value):
-        nrc = self.make_nrc(nrc)
+    def _test_token_x(self, make_nrc, content, token, value):
+        nrc = make_nrc(content)
         if token == 'login':
             self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['host.domain.com'], (value, 'acct', 'pass'))
         elif token == 'account':
@@ -152,210 +158,247 @@ def _test_token_x(self, nrc, token, value):
         elif token == 'password':
             self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['host.domain.com'], ('log', 'acct', value))
     
-    def test_token_value_quotes(self):
-        self._test_token_x("""\
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    def test_token_value_quotes(self, make_nrc):
+        self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login "log" password pass account acct
             """, 'login', 'log')
-        self._test_token_x("""\
+        self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login log password pass account "acct"
             """, 'account', 'acct')
-        self._test_token_x("""\
+        self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login log password "pass" account acct
             """, 'password', 'pass')
 
-    def test_token_value_escape(self):
-        self._test_token_x("""\
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    def test_token_value_escape(self, make_nrc):
+        self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login \\"log password pass account acct
             """, 'login', '"log')
-        self._test_token_x("""\
+        self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login "\\"log" password pass account acct
             """, 'login', '"log')
-        self._test_token_x("""\
+        self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login log password pass account \\"acct
             """, 'account', '"acct')
-        self._test_token_x("""\
+        self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login log password pass account "\\"acct"
             """, 'account', '"acct')
-        self._test_token_x("""\
+        self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login log password \\"pass account acct
             """, 'password', '"pass')
-        self._test_token_x("""\
+        self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login log password "\\"pass" account acct
             """, 'password', '"pass')
 
-    def test_token_value_whitespace(self):
-        self._test_token_x("""\
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    def test_token_value_whitespace(self, make_nrc):
+        self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login "lo g" password pass account acct
             """, 'login', 'lo g')
-        self._test_token_x("""\
+        self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login log password "pas s" account acct
             """, 'password', 'pas s')
-        self._test_token_x("""\
+        self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login log password pass account "acc t"
             """, 'account', 'acc t')
 
-    def test_token_value_non_ascii(self):
-        self._test_token_x("""\
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    def test_token_value_non_ascii(self, make_nrc):
+        self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login \xa1\xa2 password pass account acct
             """, 'login', '\xa1\xa2')
-        self._test_token_x("""\
+        self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login log password pass account \xa1\xa2
             """, 'account', '\xa1\xa2')
-        self._test_token_x("""\
+        self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login log password \xa1\xa2 account acct
             """, 'password', '\xa1\xa2')
 
-    def test_token_value_leading_hash(self):
-        self._test_token_x("""\
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    def test_token_value_leading_hash(self, make_nrc):
+        self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login #log password pass account acct
             """, 'login', '#log')
-        self._test_token_x("""\
+        self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login log password pass account #acct
             """, 'account', '#acct')
-        self._test_token_x("""\
+        self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login log password #pass account acct
             """, 'password', '#pass')
 
-    def test_token_value_trailing_hash(self):
-        self._test_token_x("""\
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    def test_token_value_trailing_hash(self, make_nrc):
+        self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login log# password pass account acct
             """, 'login', 'log#')
-        self._test_token_x("""\
+        self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login log password pass account acct#
             """, 'account', 'acct#')
-        self._test_token_x("""\
+        self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login log password pass# account acct
             """, 'password', 'pass#')
 
-    def test_token_value_internal_hash(self):
-        self._test_token_x("""\
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    def test_token_value_internal_hash(self, make_nrc):
+        self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login lo#g password pass account acct
             """, 'login', 'lo#g')
-        self._test_token_x("""\
+        self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login log password pass account ac#ct
             """, 'account', 'ac#ct')
-        self._test_token_x("""\
+        self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login log password pa#ss account acct
             """, 'password', 'pa#ss')
 
-    def _test_comment(self, nrc, passwd='pass'):
-        nrc = self.make_nrc(nrc)
+    def _test_comment(self, make_nrc, content, passwd='pass'):
+        nrc = make_nrc(content)
         self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['foo.domain.com'], ('bar', '', passwd))
         self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['bar.domain.com'], ('foo', '', 'pass'))
 
-    def test_comment_before_machine_line(self):
-        self._test_comment("""\
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    def test_comment_before_machine_line(self, make_nrc):
+        self._test_comment(make_nrc, """\
             # comment
             machine foo.domain.com login bar password pass
             machine bar.domain.com login foo password pass
             """)
 
-    def test_comment_before_machine_line_no_space(self):
-        self._test_comment("""\
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    def test_comment_before_machine_line_no_space(self, make_nrc):
+        self._test_comment(make_nrc, """\
             #comment
             machine foo.domain.com login bar password pass
             machine bar.domain.com login foo password pass
             """)
 
-    def test_comment_before_machine_line_hash_only(self):
-        self._test_comment("""\
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    def test_comment_before_machine_line_hash_only(self, make_nrc):
+        self._test_comment(make_nrc, """\
             #
             machine foo.domain.com login bar password pass
             machine bar.domain.com login foo password pass
             """)
 
-    def test_comment_after_machine_line(self):
-        self._test_comment("""\
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    def test_comment_after_machine_line(self, make_nrc):
+        self._test_comment(make_nrc, """\
             machine foo.domain.com login bar password pass
             # comment
             machine bar.domain.com login foo password pass
             """)
-        self._test_comment("""\
+        self._test_comment(make_nrc, """\
             machine foo.domain.com login bar password pass
             machine bar.domain.com login foo password pass
             # comment
             """)
 
-    def test_comment_after_machine_line_no_space(self):
-        self._test_comment("""\
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    def test_comment_after_machine_line_no_space(self, make_nrc):
+        self._test_comment(make_nrc, """\
             machine foo.domain.com login bar password pass
             #comment
             machine bar.domain.com login foo password pass
             """)
-        self._test_comment("""\
+        self._test_comment(make_nrc, """\
             machine foo.domain.com login bar password pass
             machine bar.domain.com login foo password pass
             #comment
             """)
 
-    def test_comment_after_machine_line_hash_only(self):
-        self._test_comment("""\
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    def test_comment_after_machine_line_hash_only(self, make_nrc):
+        self._test_comment(make_nrc, """\
             machine foo.domain.com login bar password pass
             #
             machine bar.domain.com login foo password pass
             """)
-        self._test_comment("""\
+        self._test_comment(make_nrc, """\
             machine foo.domain.com login bar password pass
             machine bar.domain.com login foo password pass
             #
             """)
 
-    def test_comment_at_end_of_machine_line(self):
-        self._test_comment("""\
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    def test_comment_at_end_of_machine_line(self, make_nrc):
+        self._test_comment(make_nrc, """\
             machine foo.domain.com login bar password pass # comment
             machine bar.domain.com login foo password pass
             """)
 
-    def test_comment_at_end_of_machine_line_no_space(self):
-        self._test_comment("""\
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    def test_comment_at_end_of_machine_line_no_space(self, make_nrc):
+        self._test_comment(make_nrc, """\
             machine foo.domain.com login bar password pass #comment
             machine bar.domain.com login foo password pass
             """)
 
-    def test_comment_at_end_of_machine_line_pass_has_hash(self):
-        self._test_comment("""\
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    def test_comment_at_end_of_machine_line_pass_has_hash(self, make_nrc):
+        self._test_comment(make_nrc, """\
             machine foo.domain.com login bar password #pass #comment
             machine bar.domain.com login foo password pass
             """, '#pass')
 
+    @unittest.skipUnless(os.name == 'posix', 'POSIX only test')
+    @unittest.skipIf(pwd is None, 'security check requires pwd module')
+    @support.os_helper.skip_unless_working_chmod
+    def test_non_anonymous_security(self):
+        # This test is incomplete since we are normally not run as root and
+        # therefore can't test the file ownership being wrong.
+        content = """
+            machine foo.domain.com login bar password pass
+            default login foo password pass
+        """
+        mode = 0o662
+
+        # Use ~/.netrc and login is not anon
+        with self.assertRaises(netrc.NetrcParseError):
+            NetrcBuilder.use_default_netrc_in_home(content, mode=mode)
+
+        # Don't use default file
+        nrc = NetrcBuilder.use_file_argument(content, mode=mode)
+        self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['foo.domain.com'],
+                            ('bar', '', 'pass'))
 
     @unittest.skipUnless(os.name == 'posix', 'POSIX only test')
     @unittest.skipIf(pwd is None, 'security check requires pwd module')
     @support.os_helper.skip_unless_working_chmod
-    def test_security(self):
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    def test_anonymous_security(self, make_nrc):
         # This test is incomplete since we are normally not run as root and
         # therefore can't test the file ownership being wrong.
-        d = support.os_helper.TESTFN
-        os.mkdir(d)
-        self.addCleanup(support.os_helper.rmtree, d)
-        fn = os.path.join(d, '.netrc')
-        with open(fn, 'wt') as f:
-            f.write("""\
-                machine foo.domain.com login bar password pass
-                default login foo password pass
-                """)
-        with support.os_helper.EnvironmentVarGuard() as environ:
-            environ.set('HOME', d)
-            os.chmod(fn, 0o600)
-            nrc = netrc.netrc()
-            self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['foo.domain.com'],
-                             ('bar', '', 'pass'))
-            os.chmod(fn, 0o622)
-            self.assertRaises(netrc.NetrcParseError, netrc.netrc)
-        with open(fn, 'wt') as f:
-            f.write("""\
-                machine foo.domain.com login anonymous password pass
-                default login foo password pass
-                """)
-        with support.os_helper.EnvironmentVarGuard() as environ:
-            environ.set('HOME', d)
-            os.chmod(fn, 0o600)
-            nrc = netrc.netrc()
-            self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['foo.domain.com'],
-                             ('anonymous', '', 'pass'))
-            os.chmod(fn, 0o622)
+        content = """\
+            machine foo.domain.com login anonymous password pass
+        """
+        mode = 0o662
+
+        # When it's anonymous, file permissions are not bypassed
+        nrc = make_nrc(content, mode=mode)
+        self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['foo.domain.com'],
+                         ('anonymous', '', 'pass'))
+
+    @unittest.skipUnless(os.name == 'posix', 'POSIX only test')
+    @unittest.skipIf(pwd is None, 'security check requires pwd module')
+    @support.os_helper.skip_unless_working_chmod
+    def test_anonymous_security_with_default(self):
+        # This test is incomplete since we are normally not run as root and
+        # therefore can't test the file ownership being wrong.
+        content = """\
+            machine foo.domain.com login anonymous password pass
+            default login foo password pass
+        """
+        mode = 0o622
+
+        # "foo" is not anonymous, therefore the security check is triggered when we fallback to default netrc
+        with self.assertRaises(netrc.NetrcParseError):
+            NetrcBuilder.use_default_netrc_in_home(content, mode=mode)
+
+        # Security check isn't triggered if the file is passed as environment variable or argument
+        for make_nrc in (NetrcBuilder.use_file_argument, NetrcBuilder.use_netrc_envvar):
+            nrc = make_nrc(content, mode=mode)
             self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['foo.domain.com'],
-                             ('anonymous', '', 'pass'))
+                            ('anonymous', '', 'pass'))
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":

From f17476bc28a3af935d611b6d19999d4702e2defc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Berthin Torres <berthin@Berthins-Mini.home>
Date: Sat, 21 Jun 2025 22:38:21 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 03/18] add documentation

---
 Doc/library/netrc.rst | 7 ++++---
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Doc/library/netrc.rst b/Doc/library/netrc.rst
index f6260383b2b057..8ae13e815dcf89 100644
--- a/Doc/library/netrc.rst
+++ b/Doc/library/netrc.rst
@@ -18,9 +18,10 @@ the Unix :program:`ftp` program and other FTP clients.
 .. class:: netrc([file])
 
    A :class:`~netrc.netrc` instance or subclass instance encapsulates data from  a netrc
-   file.  The initialization argument, if present, specifies the file to parse.  If
-   no argument is given, the file :file:`.netrc` in the user's home directory --
-   as determined by :func:`os.path.expanduser` -- will be read.  Otherwise,
+   file. The initialization argument, if present, specifies the file to parse. If no
+   argument is given, it will look for the file path in the `NETRC` environment variable.
+   If that is not set, it defaults to reading the file :file:`.netrc` in the user's home
+   directory -- as determined by :func:`os.path.expanduser`. If the file cannot be found,
    a :exc:`FileNotFoundError` exception will be raised.
    Parse errors will raise :exc:`NetrcParseError` with diagnostic
    information including the file name, line number, and terminating token.

From c1e3abfa8e017681a040d5bdfb03f861c3b2d4ee Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Berthin Torres <berthin@Berthins-Mini.home>
Date: Sat, 21 Jun 2025 23:06:35 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 04/18] fix linting issues

---
 Lib/test/test_netrc.py | 8 ++++----
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Lib/test/test_netrc.py b/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
index 080c3b126b6187..849f04e2730e96 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ def generate_netrc(self, content, filename=".netrc", mode=0o600, encoding="utf-8
         write_mode = "w"
         if sys.platform != "cygwin":
             write_mode += "t"
-        
+
         netrc_file = os.path.join(self.tmpdir, filename)
         with open(netrc_file, mode=write_mode, encoding=encoding) as fp:
             fp.write(textwrap.dedent(content))
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ def use_default_netrc_in_home(*args, **kwargs):
         with NetrcEnvironment() as helper:
             helper.environ.unset("NETRC")
             helper.environ.unset("HOME")
-            
+
             helper.generate_netrc(*args, **kwargs)
 
             with mock.patch("os.path.expanduser"):
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ def use_netrc_envvar(*args, **kwargs):
 
             helper.environ.set("NETRC", netrc_file)
             return netrc.netrc()
-        
+
     @staticmethod
     def use_file_argument(*args, **kwargs):
         with NetrcEnvironment() as helper:
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ def _test_token_x(self, make_nrc, content, token, value):
             self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['host.domain.com'], ('log', value, 'pass'))
         elif token == 'password':
             self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['host.domain.com'], ('log', 'acct', value))
-    
+
     @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
     def test_token_value_quotes(self, make_nrc):
         self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\

From d877728e09c643ae250ffe6369e1ae3813aabfa9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Berthin Torres <berthin@Berthins-Mini.home>
Date: Sat, 21 Jun 2025 23:10:21 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 05/18] fix doc linting

---
 Doc/library/netrc.rst | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/Doc/library/netrc.rst b/Doc/library/netrc.rst
index 8ae13e815dcf89..defe7f6da7ec9d 100644
--- a/Doc/library/netrc.rst
+++ b/Doc/library/netrc.rst
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ the Unix :program:`ftp` program and other FTP clients.
 
    A :class:`~netrc.netrc` instance or subclass instance encapsulates data from  a netrc
    file. The initialization argument, if present, specifies the file to parse. If no
-   argument is given, it will look for the file path in the `NETRC` environment variable.
+   argument is given, it will look for the file path in the :envvar:`NETRC` environment variable.
    If that is not set, it defaults to reading the file :file:`.netrc` in the user's home
    directory -- as determined by :func:`os.path.expanduser`. If the file cannot be found,
    a :exc:`FileNotFoundError` exception will be raised.

From b46c00a9da4665152474e2a46c45006718fc19eb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Berthin Torres <berthin@Berthins-Mini.home>
Date: Sun, 22 Jun 2025 07:22:20 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 06/18] Add docstrings and fix documentation

---
 Doc/library/netrc.rst  |   2 +-
 Lib/test/test_netrc.py | 125 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------------
 2 files changed, 88 insertions(+), 39 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Doc/library/netrc.rst b/Doc/library/netrc.rst
index defe7f6da7ec9d..06cba2bb3e830f 100644
--- a/Doc/library/netrc.rst
+++ b/Doc/library/netrc.rst
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ the Unix :program:`ftp` program and other FTP clients.
 
    A :class:`~netrc.netrc` instance or subclass instance encapsulates data from  a netrc
    file. The initialization argument, if present, specifies the file to parse. If no
-   argument is given, it will look for the file path in the :envvar:`NETRC` environment variable.
+   argument is given, it will look for the file path in the :envvar:`!NETRC` environment variable.
    If that is not set, it defaults to reading the file :file:`.netrc` in the user's home
    directory -- as determined by :func:`os.path.expanduser`. If the file cannot be found,
    a :exc:`FileNotFoundError` exception will be raised.
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_netrc.py b/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
index 849f04e2730e96..649a6a972236e3 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import netrc, os, unittest, sys, textwrap, tempfile
 
 from test import support
-from unittest import mock
 from contextlib import ExitStack
 
 try:
@@ -11,16 +10,43 @@
 
 
 class NetrcEnvironment:
-    def __enter__(self):
+    """
+    Context manager for setting up an isolated environment to test `.netrc` file handling.
+
+    This class configures a temporary directory for the `.netrc` file and environment variables, providing
+    a controlled setup to simulate different scenarios.
+    """
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> 'NetrcEnvironment':
+        """
+        Enters the managed environment.
+        """
         self.stack = ExitStack()
         self.environ = self.stack.enter_context(support.os_helper.EnvironmentVarGuard())
         self.tmpdir = self.stack.enter_context(tempfile.TemporaryDirectory())
         return self
 
-    def __exit__(self, *ignore_exc):
+    def __exit__(self, *ignore_exc) -> None:
+        """
+        Exits the managed environment and performs cleanup. This method closes the `ExitStack`,
+        which automatically cleans up the temporary directory and environment.
+        """
         self.stack.close()
 
-    def generate_netrc(self, content, filename=".netrc", mode=0o600, encoding="utf-8"):
+    def generate_netrc(self, content, filename=".netrc", mode=0o600, encoding="utf-8") -> str:
+        """
+        Creates a `.netrc` file in the temporary directory with the given content and permissions.
+
+        Args:
+            content (str): The content to write into the `.netrc` file.
+            filename (str, optional): The name of the file to write. Defaults to ".netrc".
+            mode (int, optional): File permission bits to set after writing. Defaults to `0o600`. Mode
+                                  is set only if the platform supports `chmod`.
+            encoding (str, optional): The encoding used to write the file. Defaults to "utf-8".
+
+        Returns:
+            str: The full path to the generated `.netrc` file.
+        """
         write_mode = "w"
         if sys.platform != "cygwin":
             write_mode += "t"
@@ -29,51 +55,74 @@ def generate_netrc(self, content, filename=".netrc", mode=0o600, encoding="utf-8
         with open(netrc_file, mode=write_mode, encoding=encoding) as fp:
             fp.write(textwrap.dedent(content))
 
-        os.chmod(netrc_file, mode=mode)
+        if support.os_helper.can_chmod():
+            os.chmod(netrc_file, mode=mode)
 
         return netrc_file
 
 
 class NetrcBuilder:
+    """
+    Utility class to construct and load `netrc.netrc` instances using different configuration scenarios.
+
+    This class provides static methods to simulate different ways the `netrc` module can locate and load
+    a `.netrc` file.
+
+    These methods are useful for testing or mocking `.netrc` behavior in different system environments.
+    """
+
     @staticmethod
-    def use_default_netrc_in_home(*args, **kwargs):
+    def use_default_netrc_in_home(*args, **kwargs) -> netrc.netrc:
+        """
+        Loads an instance of netrc using the default `.netrc` file from the user's home directory.
+        """
         with NetrcEnvironment() as helper:
             helper.environ.unset("NETRC")
-            helper.environ.unset("HOME")
+            helper.environ.set("HOME", helper.tmpdir)
 
             helper.generate_netrc(*args, **kwargs)
-
-            with mock.patch("os.path.expanduser"):
-                os.path.expanduser.return_value = helper.tmpdir
-                return netrc.netrc()
+            return netrc.netrc()
 
     @staticmethod
-    def use_netrc_envvar(*args, **kwargs):
+    def use_netrc_envvar(*args, **kwargs) -> netrc.netrc:
+        """
+        Loads an instance of the netrc using the `.netrc` file specified by the `NETRC` environment variable.
+        """
         with NetrcEnvironment() as helper:
             netrc_file = helper.generate_netrc(*args, **kwargs)
-
             helper.environ.set("NETRC", netrc_file)
+
             return netrc.netrc()
 
     @staticmethod
-    def use_file_argument(*args, **kwargs):
+    def use_file_argument(*args, **kwargs) -> netrc.netrc:
+        """
+        Loads an instance of `.netrc` file using the file as argument.
+        """
         with NetrcEnvironment() as helper:
+            # Just to stress a bit more the test scenario, the NETRC envvar will contain
+            # rubish information which shouldn't be used
             helper.environ.set("NETRC", "not-a-file.netrc")
 
             netrc_file = helper.generate_netrc(*args, **kwargs)
             return netrc.netrc(netrc_file)
 
     @staticmethod
-    def use_all_strategies():
+    def get_all_scenarios():
+        """
+        Returns all `.netrc` loading scenarios as callables.
+
+        This method is useful for iterating through all supported ways the `.netrc` file can be located.
+        """
         return (NetrcBuilder.use_default_netrc_in_home,
                 NetrcBuilder.use_netrc_envvar,
                 NetrcBuilder.use_file_argument)
 
 
 class NetrcTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
-    ALL_STRATEGIES = NetrcBuilder.use_all_strategies()
+    ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS = NetrcBuilder.get_all_scenarios()
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_toplevel_non_ordered_tokens(self, make_nrc):
         nrc = make_nrc("""\
             machine host.domain.com password pass1 login log1 account acct1
@@ -82,7 +131,7 @@ def test_toplevel_non_ordered_tokens(self, make_nrc):
         self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['host.domain.com'], ('log1', 'acct1', 'pass1'))
         self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['default'], ('log2', 'acct2', 'pass2'))
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_toplevel_tokens(self, make_nrc):
         nrc = make_nrc("""\
             machine host.domain.com login log1 password pass1 account acct1
@@ -91,7 +140,7 @@ def test_toplevel_tokens(self, make_nrc):
         self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['host.domain.com'], ('log1', 'acct1', 'pass1'))
         self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['default'], ('log2', 'acct2', 'pass2'))
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_macros(self, make_nrc):
         data = """\
             macdef macro1
@@ -110,7 +159,7 @@ def test_macros(self, make_nrc):
         self.assertRaises(netrc.NetrcParseError, make_nrc,
                           data.rstrip(' ')[:-1])
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_optional_tokens(self, make_nrc):
         data = (
             "machine host.domain.com",
@@ -137,7 +186,7 @@ def test_optional_tokens(self, make_nrc):
             nrc = make_nrc(item)
             self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['default'], ('', '', ''))
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_invalid_tokens(self, make_nrc):
         data = (
             "invalid host.domain.com",
@@ -158,7 +207,7 @@ def _test_token_x(self, make_nrc, content, token, value):
         elif token == 'password':
             self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['host.domain.com'], ('log', 'acct', value))
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_token_value_quotes(self, make_nrc):
         self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login "log" password pass account acct
@@ -170,7 +219,7 @@ def test_token_value_quotes(self, make_nrc):
             machine host.domain.com login log password "pass" account acct
             """, 'password', 'pass')
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_token_value_escape(self, make_nrc):
         self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login \\"log password pass account acct
@@ -191,7 +240,7 @@ def test_token_value_escape(self, make_nrc):
             machine host.domain.com login log password "\\"pass" account acct
             """, 'password', '"pass')
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_token_value_whitespace(self, make_nrc):
         self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login "lo g" password pass account acct
@@ -203,7 +252,7 @@ def test_token_value_whitespace(self, make_nrc):
             machine host.domain.com login log password pass account "acc t"
             """, 'account', 'acc t')
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_token_value_non_ascii(self, make_nrc):
         self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login \xa1\xa2 password pass account acct
@@ -215,7 +264,7 @@ def test_token_value_non_ascii(self, make_nrc):
             machine host.domain.com login log password \xa1\xa2 account acct
             """, 'password', '\xa1\xa2')
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_token_value_leading_hash(self, make_nrc):
         self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login #log password pass account acct
@@ -227,7 +276,7 @@ def test_token_value_leading_hash(self, make_nrc):
             machine host.domain.com login log password #pass account acct
             """, 'password', '#pass')
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_token_value_trailing_hash(self, make_nrc):
         self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login log# password pass account acct
@@ -239,7 +288,7 @@ def test_token_value_trailing_hash(self, make_nrc):
             machine host.domain.com login log password pass# account acct
             """, 'password', 'pass#')
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_token_value_internal_hash(self, make_nrc):
         self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login lo#g password pass account acct
@@ -256,7 +305,7 @@ def _test_comment(self, make_nrc, content, passwd='pass'):
         self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['foo.domain.com'], ('bar', '', passwd))
         self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['bar.domain.com'], ('foo', '', 'pass'))
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_comment_before_machine_line(self, make_nrc):
         self._test_comment(make_nrc, """\
             # comment
@@ -264,7 +313,7 @@ def test_comment_before_machine_line(self, make_nrc):
             machine bar.domain.com login foo password pass
             """)
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_comment_before_machine_line_no_space(self, make_nrc):
         self._test_comment(make_nrc, """\
             #comment
@@ -272,7 +321,7 @@ def test_comment_before_machine_line_no_space(self, make_nrc):
             machine bar.domain.com login foo password pass
             """)
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_comment_before_machine_line_hash_only(self, make_nrc):
         self._test_comment(make_nrc, """\
             #
@@ -280,7 +329,7 @@ def test_comment_before_machine_line_hash_only(self, make_nrc):
             machine bar.domain.com login foo password pass
             """)
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_comment_after_machine_line(self, make_nrc):
         self._test_comment(make_nrc, """\
             machine foo.domain.com login bar password pass
@@ -293,7 +342,7 @@ def test_comment_after_machine_line(self, make_nrc):
             # comment
             """)
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_comment_after_machine_line_no_space(self, make_nrc):
         self._test_comment(make_nrc, """\
             machine foo.domain.com login bar password pass
@@ -306,7 +355,7 @@ def test_comment_after_machine_line_no_space(self, make_nrc):
             #comment
             """)
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_comment_after_machine_line_hash_only(self, make_nrc):
         self._test_comment(make_nrc, """\
             machine foo.domain.com login bar password pass
@@ -319,21 +368,21 @@ def test_comment_after_machine_line_hash_only(self, make_nrc):
             #
             """)
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_comment_at_end_of_machine_line(self, make_nrc):
         self._test_comment(make_nrc, """\
             machine foo.domain.com login bar password pass # comment
             machine bar.domain.com login foo password pass
             """)
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_comment_at_end_of_machine_line_no_space(self, make_nrc):
         self._test_comment(make_nrc, """\
             machine foo.domain.com login bar password pass #comment
             machine bar.domain.com login foo password pass
             """)
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_comment_at_end_of_machine_line_pass_has_hash(self, make_nrc):
         self._test_comment(make_nrc, """\
             machine foo.domain.com login bar password #pass #comment
@@ -364,7 +413,7 @@ def test_non_anonymous_security(self):
     @unittest.skipUnless(os.name == 'posix', 'POSIX only test')
     @unittest.skipIf(pwd is None, 'security check requires pwd module')
     @support.os_helper.skip_unless_working_chmod
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_STRATEGIES)
+    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_anonymous_security(self, make_nrc):
         # This test is incomplete since we are normally not run as root and
         # therefore can't test the file ownership being wrong.

From 45d4f4ccda71e02f3ee7d77a5626e6ae68f0b09d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Berthin Torres <berthin@Berthins-Mini.home>
Date: Sun, 22 Jun 2025 08:31:43 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 07/18] Wrap lines to 80 chars

---
 Lib/test/test_netrc.py | 91 ++++++++++++++++++++----------------------
 1 file changed, 43 insertions(+), 48 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Lib/test/test_netrc.py b/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
index 649a6a972236e3..e48758cb4397e8 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import netrc, os, unittest, sys, textwrap, tempfile
+import netrc, os, unittest, sys, textwrap
 
 from test import support
 from contextlib import ExitStack
@@ -11,42 +11,41 @@
 
 class NetrcEnvironment:
     """
-    Context manager for setting up an isolated environment to test `.netrc` file handling.
+    Context manager for setting up an isolated environment to test `.netrc` file
+    handling.
 
-    This class configures a temporary directory for the `.netrc` file and environment variables, providing
-    a controlled setup to simulate different scenarios.
+    This class configures a temporary directory for the `.netrc` file and
+    environment variables, providing a controlled setup to simulate different
+    scenarios.
     """
 
-    def __enter__(self) -> 'NetrcEnvironment':
+    def __enter__(self):
         """
-        Enters the managed environment.
+        Enter the managed environment.
         """
         self.stack = ExitStack()
-        self.environ = self.stack.enter_context(support.os_helper.EnvironmentVarGuard())
-        self.tmpdir = self.stack.enter_context(tempfile.TemporaryDirectory())
+        self.environ = self.stack.enter_context(
+            support.os_helper.EnvironmentVarGuard(),
+        )
+        self.tmpdir = self.stack.enter_context(support.os_helper.temp_dir())
         return self
 
-    def __exit__(self, *ignore_exc) -> None:
+    def __exit__(self, *ignore_exc):
         """
-        Exits the managed environment and performs cleanup. This method closes the `ExitStack`,
-        which automatically cleans up the temporary directory and environment.
+        Exit the managed environment and performs cleanup. This method closes
+        the `ExitStack`, which automatically cleans up the temporary directory
+        and environment.
         """
         self.stack.close()
 
-    def generate_netrc(self, content, filename=".netrc", mode=0o600, encoding="utf-8") -> str:
-        """
-        Creates a `.netrc` file in the temporary directory with the given content and permissions.
-
-        Args:
-            content (str): The content to write into the `.netrc` file.
-            filename (str, optional): The name of the file to write. Defaults to ".netrc".
-            mode (int, optional): File permission bits to set after writing. Defaults to `0o600`. Mode
-                                  is set only if the platform supports `chmod`.
-            encoding (str, optional): The encoding used to write the file. Defaults to "utf-8".
-
-        Returns:
-            str: The full path to the generated `.netrc` file.
-        """
+    def generate_netrc(
+        self,
+        content,
+        filename=".netrc",
+        mode=0o600,
+        encoding="utf-8",
+    ):
+        """Create and return the path to a temporary `.netrc` file."""
         write_mode = "w"
         if sys.platform != "cygwin":
             write_mode += "t"
@@ -62,19 +61,14 @@ def generate_netrc(self, content, filename=".netrc", mode=0o600, encoding="utf-8
 
 
 class NetrcBuilder:
-    """
-    Utility class to construct and load `netrc.netrc` instances using different configuration scenarios.
-
-    This class provides static methods to simulate different ways the `netrc` module can locate and load
-    a `.netrc` file.
-
-    These methods are useful for testing or mocking `.netrc` behavior in different system environments.
+    """Utility class to construct and load `netrc.netrc` instances using
+    different configuration scenarios.
     """
 
     @staticmethod
-    def use_default_netrc_in_home(*args, **kwargs) -> netrc.netrc:
-        """
-        Loads an instance of netrc using the default `.netrc` file from the user's home directory.
+    def use_default_netrc_in_home(*args, **kwargs):
+        """Load an instance of netrc using the default `.netrc` file from the
+        user's home directory.
         """
         with NetrcEnvironment() as helper:
             helper.environ.unset("NETRC")
@@ -84,9 +78,9 @@ def use_default_netrc_in_home(*args, **kwargs) -> netrc.netrc:
             return netrc.netrc()
 
     @staticmethod
-    def use_netrc_envvar(*args, **kwargs) -> netrc.netrc:
-        """
-        Loads an instance of the netrc using the `.netrc` file specified by the `NETRC` environment variable.
+    def use_netrc_envvar(*args, **kwargs):
+        """Load an instance of the netrc using the `.netrc` file specified by
+        the `NETRC` environment variable.
         """
         with NetrcEnvironment() as helper:
             netrc_file = helper.generate_netrc(*args, **kwargs)
@@ -95,13 +89,12 @@ def use_netrc_envvar(*args, **kwargs) -> netrc.netrc:
             return netrc.netrc()
 
     @staticmethod
-    def use_file_argument(*args, **kwargs) -> netrc.netrc:
-        """
-        Loads an instance of `.netrc` file using the file as argument.
+    def use_file_argument(*args, **kwargs):
+        """Load an instance of `.netrc` file using the file as argument.
         """
         with NetrcEnvironment() as helper:
-            # Just to stress a bit more the test scenario, the NETRC envvar will contain
-            # rubish information which shouldn't be used
+            # Just to stress a bit more the test scenario, the NETRC envvar
+            # will contain rubish information which shouldn't be used
             helper.environ.set("NETRC", "not-a-file.netrc")
 
             netrc_file = helper.generate_netrc(*args, **kwargs)
@@ -109,10 +102,10 @@ def use_file_argument(*args, **kwargs) -> netrc.netrc:
 
     @staticmethod
     def get_all_scenarios():
-        """
-        Returns all `.netrc` loading scenarios as callables.
+        """Return all `.netrc` loading scenarios as callables.
 
-        This method is useful for iterating through all supported ways the `.netrc` file can be located.
+        This method is useful for iterating through all supported ways the
+        `.netrc` file can be located.
         """
         return (NetrcBuilder.use_default_netrc_in_home,
                 NetrcBuilder.use_netrc_envvar,
@@ -128,7 +121,8 @@ def test_toplevel_non_ordered_tokens(self, make_nrc):
             machine host.domain.com password pass1 login log1 account acct1
             default login log2 password pass2 account acct2
             """)
-        self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['host.domain.com'], ('log1', 'acct1', 'pass1'))
+        self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['host.domain.com'],
+                         ('log1', 'acct1', 'pass1'))
         self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['default'], ('log2', 'acct2', 'pass2'))
 
     @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
@@ -137,7 +131,8 @@ def test_toplevel_tokens(self, make_nrc):
             machine host.domain.com login log1 password pass1 account acct1
             default login log2 password pass2 account acct2
             """)
-        self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['host.domain.com'], ('log1', 'acct1', 'pass1'))
+        self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['host.domain.com'],
+                         ('log1', 'acct1', 'pass1'))
         self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['default'], ('log2', 'acct2', 'pass2'))
 
     @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)

From 33ac518791f877ed8772ea7da63848169d1f4040 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Berthin Torres <berthin@Berthins-Mini.home>
Date: Sun, 22 Jun 2025 08:33:29 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 08/18] Fix comments

---
 Lib/test/test_netrc.py | 17 +++++++----------
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Lib/test/test_netrc.py b/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
index e48758cb4397e8..82c6ca88680afe 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
@@ -10,9 +10,8 @@
 
 
 class NetrcEnvironment:
-    """
-    Context manager for setting up an isolated environment to test `.netrc` file
-    handling.
+    """Context manager for setting up an isolated environment to test
+    `.netrc` file handling.
 
     This class configures a temporary directory for the `.netrc` file and
     environment variables, providing a controlled setup to simulate different
@@ -20,9 +19,7 @@ class NetrcEnvironment:
     """
 
     def __enter__(self):
-        """
-        Enter the managed environment.
-        """
+        """Enter the managed environment."""
         self.stack = ExitStack()
         self.environ = self.stack.enter_context(
             support.os_helper.EnvironmentVarGuard(),
@@ -31,10 +28,10 @@ def __enter__(self):
         return self
 
     def __exit__(self, *ignore_exc):
-        """
-        Exit the managed environment and performs cleanup. This method closes
-        the `ExitStack`, which automatically cleans up the temporary directory
-        and environment.
+        """Exit the managed environment and performs cleanup.
+
+        This method closes the `ExitStack`, which automatically cleans up the
+        temporary directory and environment.
         """
         self.stack.close()
 

From 5b9fcfc31d989643c527897ffc6e5c901febb2c7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Berthin Torres <berthin@Berthins-Mini.home>
Date: Sun, 22 Jun 2025 08:37:12 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 09/18] Undo security test

---
 Lib/test/test_netrc.py | 83 ++++++++++++++++--------------------------
 1 file changed, 31 insertions(+), 52 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Lib/test/test_netrc.py b/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
index 82c6ca88680afe..ae2b1714b7c2db 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
@@ -381,65 +381,44 @@ def test_comment_at_end_of_machine_line_pass_has_hash(self, make_nrc):
             machine bar.domain.com login foo password pass
             """, '#pass')
 
-    @unittest.skipUnless(os.name == 'posix', 'POSIX only test')
-    @unittest.skipIf(pwd is None, 'security check requires pwd module')
-    @support.os_helper.skip_unless_working_chmod
-    def test_non_anonymous_security(self):
-        # This test is incomplete since we are normally not run as root and
-        # therefore can't test the file ownership being wrong.
-        content = """
-            machine foo.domain.com login bar password pass
-            default login foo password pass
-        """
-        mode = 0o662
-
-        # Use ~/.netrc and login is not anon
-        with self.assertRaises(netrc.NetrcParseError):
-            NetrcBuilder.use_default_netrc_in_home(content, mode=mode)
-
-        # Don't use default file
-        nrc = NetrcBuilder.use_file_argument(content, mode=mode)
-        self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['foo.domain.com'],
-                            ('bar', '', 'pass'))
 
     @unittest.skipUnless(os.name == 'posix', 'POSIX only test')
     @unittest.skipIf(pwd is None, 'security check requires pwd module')
     @support.os_helper.skip_unless_working_chmod
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
-    def test_anonymous_security(self, make_nrc):
+    def test_security(self):
         # This test is incomplete since we are normally not run as root and
         # therefore can't test the file ownership being wrong.
-        content = """\
-            machine foo.domain.com login anonymous password pass
-        """
-        mode = 0o662
-
-        # When it's anonymous, file permissions are not bypassed
-        nrc = make_nrc(content, mode=mode)
-        self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['foo.domain.com'],
-                         ('anonymous', '', 'pass'))
-
-    @unittest.skipUnless(os.name == 'posix', 'POSIX only test')
-    @unittest.skipIf(pwd is None, 'security check requires pwd module')
-    @support.os_helper.skip_unless_working_chmod
-    def test_anonymous_security_with_default(self):
-        # This test is incomplete since we are normally not run as root and
-        # therefore can't test the file ownership being wrong.
-        content = """\
-            machine foo.domain.com login anonymous password pass
-            default login foo password pass
-        """
-        mode = 0o622
-
-        # "foo" is not anonymous, therefore the security check is triggered when we fallback to default netrc
-        with self.assertRaises(netrc.NetrcParseError):
-            NetrcBuilder.use_default_netrc_in_home(content, mode=mode)
-
-        # Security check isn't triggered if the file is passed as environment variable or argument
-        for make_nrc in (NetrcBuilder.use_file_argument, NetrcBuilder.use_netrc_envvar):
-            nrc = make_nrc(content, mode=mode)
+        d = support.os_helper.TESTFN
+        os.mkdir(d)
+        self.addCleanup(support.os_helper.rmtree, d)
+        fn = os.path.join(d, '.netrc')
+        with open(fn, 'wt') as f:
+            f.write("""\
+                machine foo.domain.com login bar password pass
+                default login foo password pass
+                """)
+        with support.os_helper.EnvironmentVarGuard() as environ:
+            environ.set('HOME', d)
+            os.chmod(fn, 0o600)
+            nrc = netrc.netrc()
+            self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['foo.domain.com'],
+                             ('bar', '', 'pass'))
+            os.chmod(fn, 0o622)
+            self.assertRaises(netrc.NetrcParseError, netrc.netrc)
+        with open(fn, 'wt') as f:
+            f.write("""\
+                machine foo.domain.com login anonymous password pass
+                default login foo password pass
+                """)
+        with support.os_helper.EnvironmentVarGuard() as environ:
+            environ.set('HOME', d)
+            os.chmod(fn, 0o600)
+            nrc = netrc.netrc()
+            self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['foo.domain.com'],
+                             ('anonymous', '', 'pass'))
+            os.chmod(fn, 0o622)
             self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['foo.domain.com'],
-                            ('anonymous', '', 'pass'))
+                             ('anonymous', '', 'pass'))
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":

From 21ab1735fd057c79450fe75784bee147dfac1a47 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Berthin Torres <berthin@Berthins-Mini.home>
Date: Sun, 22 Jun 2025 08:52:28 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 10/18] add versionadded

---
 Doc/library/netrc.rst | 5 +++++
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+)

diff --git a/Doc/library/netrc.rst b/Doc/library/netrc.rst
index 06cba2bb3e830f..8dbc6b9e7c052c 100644
--- a/Doc/library/netrc.rst
+++ b/Doc/library/netrc.rst
@@ -46,6 +46,11 @@ the Unix :program:`ftp` program and other FTP clients.
       can contain arbitrary characters, like whitespace and non-ASCII characters.
       If the login name is anonymous, it won't trigger the security check.
 
+   .. versionadded:: next
+      :class:`netrc` try to use the value of the :envvar:`NETRC` environment variable
+      if when *file* is not passed as argument, before falling back to the user's
+      :file:`.netrc` file in the home directory.
+
 
 .. exception:: NetrcParseError
 

From 67a464514948062e10f1399396abc9a8e3810611 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Berthin Torres <berthin@Berthins-Mini.home>
Date: Sun, 22 Jun 2025 08:59:12 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 11/18] doc change in whatsnew

---
 Doc/whatsnew/3.15.rst | 7 +++++++
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+)

diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/3.15.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/3.15.rst
index 9f327cf904da1b..6979df57cdfc26 100644
--- a/Doc/whatsnew/3.15.rst
+++ b/Doc/whatsnew/3.15.rst
@@ -116,6 +116,13 @@ math
   (Contributed by Sergey B Kirpichev in :gh:`132908`.)
 
 
+netrc
+-----
+
+* Support :envvar:`!NETRC` environment variable in :func:`netrc.netrc`.
+  (Contributed by Berthin Torres in :gh:`135788`.)
+
+
 os.path
 -------
 

From 2715bda14b603b326cb3ae17d2bb5f926dba4dd2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Berthin Torres <berthin@Berthins-Mini.home>
Date: Sun, 22 Jun 2025 09:10:15 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 12/18] add news.d entry

---
 .../Library/2025-06-22-09-04-24.gh-issue-135788.XLT8TW.rst    | 4 ++++
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2025-06-22-09-04-24.gh-issue-135788.XLT8TW.rst

diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2025-06-22-09-04-24.gh-issue-135788.XLT8TW.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2025-06-22-09-04-24.gh-issue-135788.XLT8TW.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..5655cd204158b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2025-06-22-09-04-24.gh-issue-135788.XLT8TW.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+The :mod:`netrc` module now checks the :envvar:`!NETRC` environment
+variable when no file path is explicitly passed to :func:`netrc.netrc`.
+If :envvar:`!NETRC` is not set, it falls back to the :file:`.netrc` file in the
+user's home directory.

From 1ae9bbf4a1f9ce79fdeda9c60919add0716162c3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: berthin <btn.torres@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 22 Jun 2025 11:54:39 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 13/18] Apply suggestions from code review
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

Co-authored-by: Bénédikt Tran <10796600+picnixz@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 Doc/library/netrc.rst  |  8 +++-----
 Doc/whatsnew/3.15.rst  |  2 +-
 Lib/test/test_netrc.py | 20 ++++----------------
 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 22 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Doc/library/netrc.rst b/Doc/library/netrc.rst
index 8dbc6b9e7c052c..1ac19d4ae52d80 100644
--- a/Doc/library/netrc.rst
+++ b/Doc/library/netrc.rst
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ the Unix :program:`ftp` program and other FTP clients.
 
    A :class:`~netrc.netrc` instance or subclass instance encapsulates data from  a netrc
    file. The initialization argument, if present, specifies the file to parse. If no
-   argument is given, it will look for the file path in the :envvar:`!NETRC` environment variable.
-   If that is not set, it defaults to reading the file :file:`.netrc` in the user's home
+   argument is given, it will look for the file path in the :envvar:`!NETRC` environment variable,
+   before defaulting to reading the file :file:`.netrc` in the user's home
    directory -- as determined by :func:`os.path.expanduser`. If the file cannot be found,
    a :exc:`FileNotFoundError` exception will be raised.
    Parse errors will raise :exc:`NetrcParseError` with diagnostic
@@ -47,9 +47,7 @@ the Unix :program:`ftp` program and other FTP clients.
       If the login name is anonymous, it won't trigger the security check.
 
    .. versionadded:: next
-      :class:`netrc` try to use the value of the :envvar:`NETRC` environment variable
-      if when *file* is not passed as argument, before falling back to the user's
-      :file:`.netrc` file in the home directory.
+      Added support for the :envvar:`!NETRC` environment variable.
 
 
 .. exception:: NetrcParseError
diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/3.15.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/3.15.rst
index 6979df57cdfc26..d99a6161dcab2c 100644
--- a/Doc/whatsnew/3.15.rst
+++ b/Doc/whatsnew/3.15.rst
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ math
 netrc
 -----
 
-* Support :envvar:`!NETRC` environment variable in :func:`netrc.netrc`.
+* Added support for the :envvar:`NETRC` environment variable in :func:`netrc.netrc`.
   (Contributed by Berthin Torres in :gh:`135788`.)
 
 
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_netrc.py b/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
index ae2b1714b7c2db..a10d10236ce271 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import netrc, os, unittest, sys, textwrap
-
-from test import support
 from contextlib import ExitStack
+from test import support
+from test.support import os_helper
 
 try:
     import pwd
@@ -36,24 +36,15 @@ def __exit__(self, *ignore_exc):
         self.stack.close()
 
     def generate_netrc(
-        self,
-        content,
-        filename=".netrc",
-        mode=0o600,
-        encoding="utf-8",
+        self, content, filename=".netrc", mode=0o600, encoding=None,
     ):
         """Create and return the path to a temporary `.netrc` file."""
-        write_mode = "w"
-        if sys.platform != "cygwin":
-            write_mode += "t"
-
         netrc_file = os.path.join(self.tmpdir, filename)
+        write_mode = "w" if sys.platform != "cygwin" else "wt"
         with open(netrc_file, mode=write_mode, encoding=encoding) as fp:
             fp.write(textwrap.dedent(content))
-
         if support.os_helper.can_chmod():
             os.chmod(netrc_file, mode=mode)
-
         return netrc_file
 
 
@@ -70,7 +61,6 @@ def use_default_netrc_in_home(*args, **kwargs):
         with NetrcEnvironment() as helper:
             helper.environ.unset("NETRC")
             helper.environ.set("HOME", helper.tmpdir)
-
             helper.generate_netrc(*args, **kwargs)
             return netrc.netrc()
 
@@ -82,7 +72,6 @@ def use_netrc_envvar(*args, **kwargs):
         with NetrcEnvironment() as helper:
             netrc_file = helper.generate_netrc(*args, **kwargs)
             helper.environ.set("NETRC", netrc_file)
-
             return netrc.netrc()
 
     @staticmethod
@@ -93,7 +82,6 @@ def use_file_argument(*args, **kwargs):
             # Just to stress a bit more the test scenario, the NETRC envvar
             # will contain rubish information which shouldn't be used
             helper.environ.set("NETRC", "not-a-file.netrc")
-
             netrc_file = helper.generate_netrc(*args, **kwargs)
             return netrc.netrc(netrc_file)
 

From 2d6021246e0949eee640f0b74bcdb9aa6711279e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Berthin Torres <berthin@Berthins-Mini.home>
Date: Sun, 22 Jun 2025 10:22:45 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 14/18] clean up

---
 Lib/netrc.py           |  8 ++++----
 Lib/test/test_netrc.py | 16 ++++++++--------
 2 files changed, 12 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Lib/netrc.py b/Lib/netrc.py
index e78b400d5278ea..c742888b7a209a 100644
--- a/Lib/netrc.py
+++ b/Lib/netrc.py
@@ -65,10 +65,10 @@ def push_token(self, token):
 
 class netrc:
     def __init__(self, file=None):
-        netrc_envvar = os.environ.get("NETRC", "")
-        default_netrc = file is None and not bool(netrc_envvar)
-        if file is None:
-            file = netrc_envvar or os.path.join(os.path.expanduser("~"), ".netrc")
+        envvar_netrc = os.environ.get("NETRC", "")
+        home_netrc = os.path.join(os.path.expanduser("~"), ".netrc")
+        file = file or envvar_netrc or home_netrc
+        default_netrc = (file == home_netrc)
         self.hosts = {}
         self.macros = {}
         try:
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_netrc.py b/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
index a10d10236ce271..935fcc6e51967c 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
@@ -22,9 +22,9 @@ def __enter__(self):
         """Enter the managed environment."""
         self.stack = ExitStack()
         self.environ = self.stack.enter_context(
-            support.os_helper.EnvironmentVarGuard(),
+            os_helper.EnvironmentVarGuard(),
         )
-        self.tmpdir = self.stack.enter_context(support.os_helper.temp_dir())
+        self.tmpdir = self.stack.enter_context(os_helper.temp_dir())
         return self
 
     def __exit__(self, *ignore_exc):
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ def generate_netrc(
         write_mode = "w" if sys.platform != "cygwin" else "wt"
         with open(netrc_file, mode=write_mode, encoding=encoding) as fp:
             fp.write(textwrap.dedent(content))
-        if support.os_helper.can_chmod():
+        if os_helper.can_chmod():
             os.chmod(netrc_file, mode=mode)
         return netrc_file
 
@@ -372,20 +372,20 @@ def test_comment_at_end_of_machine_line_pass_has_hash(self, make_nrc):
 
     @unittest.skipUnless(os.name == 'posix', 'POSIX only test')
     @unittest.skipIf(pwd is None, 'security check requires pwd module')
-    @support.os_helper.skip_unless_working_chmod
+    @os_helper.skip_unless_working_chmod
     def test_security(self):
         # This test is incomplete since we are normally not run as root and
         # therefore can't test the file ownership being wrong.
-        d = support.os_helper.TESTFN
+        d = os_helper.TESTFN
         os.mkdir(d)
-        self.addCleanup(support.os_helper.rmtree, d)
+        self.addCleanup(os_helper.rmtree, d)
         fn = os.path.join(d, '.netrc')
         with open(fn, 'wt') as f:
             f.write("""\
                 machine foo.domain.com login bar password pass
                 default login foo password pass
                 """)
-        with support.os_helper.EnvironmentVarGuard() as environ:
+        with os_helper.EnvironmentVarGuard() as environ:
             environ.set('HOME', d)
             os.chmod(fn, 0o600)
             nrc = netrc.netrc()
@@ -398,7 +398,7 @@ def test_security(self):
                 machine foo.domain.com login anonymous password pass
                 default login foo password pass
                 """)
-        with support.os_helper.EnvironmentVarGuard() as environ:
+        with os_helper.EnvironmentVarGuard() as environ:
             environ.set('HOME', d)
             os.chmod(fn, 0o600)
             nrc = netrc.netrc()

From c156440990e578fd0a2a9b447ffc1fa20a0bde98 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Berthin Torres <berthin@Berthins-Mini.home>
Date: Sun, 22 Jun 2025 10:33:37 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 15/18] fix tests

---
 Doc/whatsnew/3.15.rst  |  2 +-
 Lib/test/test_netrc.py | 51 +++++++++++++++++++++---------------------
 2 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 27 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/3.15.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/3.15.rst
index d99a6161dcab2c..0071c30c991f71 100644
--- a/Doc/whatsnew/3.15.rst
+++ b/Doc/whatsnew/3.15.rst
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ math
 netrc
 -----
 
-* Added support for the :envvar:`NETRC` environment variable in :func:`netrc.netrc`.
+* Added support for the :envvar:`!NETRC` environment variable in :func:`netrc.netrc`.
   (Contributed by Berthin Torres in :gh:`135788`.)
 
 
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_netrc.py b/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
index 935fcc6e51967c..45e3d9cb03e845 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-import netrc, os, unittest, sys, textwrap
+import netrc, os, unittest, sys, tempfile, textwrap
 from contextlib import ExitStack
-from test import support
-from test.support import os_helper
+from test.support import os_helper, subTests
 
 try:
     import pwd
@@ -24,7 +23,7 @@ def __enter__(self):
         self.environ = self.stack.enter_context(
             os_helper.EnvironmentVarGuard(),
         )
-        self.tmpdir = self.stack.enter_context(os_helper.temp_dir())
+        self.tmpdir = self.stack.enter_context(tempfile.TemporaryDirectory())
         return self
 
     def __exit__(self, *ignore_exc):
@@ -89,7 +88,7 @@ def use_file_argument(*args, **kwargs):
     def get_all_scenarios():
         """Return all `.netrc` loading scenarios as callables.
 
-        This method is useful for iterating through all supported ways the
+        This method is useful for iterating through all d ways the
         `.netrc` file can be located.
         """
         return (NetrcBuilder.use_default_netrc_in_home,
@@ -100,7 +99,7 @@ def get_all_scenarios():
 class NetrcTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
     ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS = NetrcBuilder.get_all_scenarios()
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
+    @subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_toplevel_non_ordered_tokens(self, make_nrc):
         nrc = make_nrc("""\
             machine host.domain.com password pass1 login log1 account acct1
@@ -110,7 +109,7 @@ def test_toplevel_non_ordered_tokens(self, make_nrc):
                          ('log1', 'acct1', 'pass1'))
         self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['default'], ('log2', 'acct2', 'pass2'))
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
+    @subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_toplevel_tokens(self, make_nrc):
         nrc = make_nrc("""\
             machine host.domain.com login log1 password pass1 account acct1
@@ -120,7 +119,7 @@ def test_toplevel_tokens(self, make_nrc):
                          ('log1', 'acct1', 'pass1'))
         self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['default'], ('log2', 'acct2', 'pass2'))
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
+    @subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_macros(self, make_nrc):
         data = """\
             macdef macro1
@@ -139,7 +138,7 @@ def test_macros(self, make_nrc):
         self.assertRaises(netrc.NetrcParseError, make_nrc,
                           data.rstrip(' ')[:-1])
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
+    @subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_optional_tokens(self, make_nrc):
         data = (
             "machine host.domain.com",
@@ -166,7 +165,7 @@ def test_optional_tokens(self, make_nrc):
             nrc = make_nrc(item)
             self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['default'], ('', '', ''))
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
+    @subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_invalid_tokens(self, make_nrc):
         data = (
             "invalid host.domain.com",
@@ -187,7 +186,7 @@ def _test_token_x(self, make_nrc, content, token, value):
         elif token == 'password':
             self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['host.domain.com'], ('log', 'acct', value))
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
+    @subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_token_value_quotes(self, make_nrc):
         self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login "log" password pass account acct
@@ -199,7 +198,7 @@ def test_token_value_quotes(self, make_nrc):
             machine host.domain.com login log password "pass" account acct
             """, 'password', 'pass')
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
+    @subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_token_value_escape(self, make_nrc):
         self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login \\"log password pass account acct
@@ -220,7 +219,7 @@ def test_token_value_escape(self, make_nrc):
             machine host.domain.com login log password "\\"pass" account acct
             """, 'password', '"pass')
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
+    @subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_token_value_whitespace(self, make_nrc):
         self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login "lo g" password pass account acct
@@ -232,7 +231,7 @@ def test_token_value_whitespace(self, make_nrc):
             machine host.domain.com login log password pass account "acc t"
             """, 'account', 'acc t')
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
+    @subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_token_value_non_ascii(self, make_nrc):
         self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login \xa1\xa2 password pass account acct
@@ -244,7 +243,7 @@ def test_token_value_non_ascii(self, make_nrc):
             machine host.domain.com login log password \xa1\xa2 account acct
             """, 'password', '\xa1\xa2')
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
+    @subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_token_value_leading_hash(self, make_nrc):
         self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login #log password pass account acct
@@ -256,7 +255,7 @@ def test_token_value_leading_hash(self, make_nrc):
             machine host.domain.com login log password #pass account acct
             """, 'password', '#pass')
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
+    @subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_token_value_trailing_hash(self, make_nrc):
         self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login log# password pass account acct
@@ -268,7 +267,7 @@ def test_token_value_trailing_hash(self, make_nrc):
             machine host.domain.com login log password pass# account acct
             """, 'password', 'pass#')
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
+    @subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_token_value_internal_hash(self, make_nrc):
         self._test_token_x(make_nrc, """\
             machine host.domain.com login lo#g password pass account acct
@@ -285,7 +284,7 @@ def _test_comment(self, make_nrc, content, passwd='pass'):
         self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['foo.domain.com'], ('bar', '', passwd))
         self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['bar.domain.com'], ('foo', '', 'pass'))
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
+    @subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_comment_before_machine_line(self, make_nrc):
         self._test_comment(make_nrc, """\
             # comment
@@ -293,7 +292,7 @@ def test_comment_before_machine_line(self, make_nrc):
             machine bar.domain.com login foo password pass
             """)
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
+    @subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_comment_before_machine_line_no_space(self, make_nrc):
         self._test_comment(make_nrc, """\
             #comment
@@ -301,7 +300,7 @@ def test_comment_before_machine_line_no_space(self, make_nrc):
             machine bar.domain.com login foo password pass
             """)
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
+    @subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_comment_before_machine_line_hash_only(self, make_nrc):
         self._test_comment(make_nrc, """\
             #
@@ -309,7 +308,7 @@ def test_comment_before_machine_line_hash_only(self, make_nrc):
             machine bar.domain.com login foo password pass
             """)
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
+    @subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_comment_after_machine_line(self, make_nrc):
         self._test_comment(make_nrc, """\
             machine foo.domain.com login bar password pass
@@ -322,7 +321,7 @@ def test_comment_after_machine_line(self, make_nrc):
             # comment
             """)
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
+    @subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_comment_after_machine_line_no_space(self, make_nrc):
         self._test_comment(make_nrc, """\
             machine foo.domain.com login bar password pass
@@ -335,7 +334,7 @@ def test_comment_after_machine_line_no_space(self, make_nrc):
             #comment
             """)
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
+    @subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_comment_after_machine_line_hash_only(self, make_nrc):
         self._test_comment(make_nrc, """\
             machine foo.domain.com login bar password pass
@@ -348,21 +347,21 @@ def test_comment_after_machine_line_hash_only(self, make_nrc):
             #
             """)
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
+    @subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_comment_at_end_of_machine_line(self, make_nrc):
         self._test_comment(make_nrc, """\
             machine foo.domain.com login bar password pass # comment
             machine bar.domain.com login foo password pass
             """)
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
+    @subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_comment_at_end_of_machine_line_no_space(self, make_nrc):
         self._test_comment(make_nrc, """\
             machine foo.domain.com login bar password pass #comment
             machine bar.domain.com login foo password pass
             """)
 
-    @support.subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
+    @subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_comment_at_end_of_machine_line_pass_has_hash(self, make_nrc):
         self._test_comment(make_nrc, """\
             machine foo.domain.com login bar password #pass #comment

From ca3155cee1d286cd27cebc4435bbe6a8041e63a7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Berthin Torres <berthin@Berthins-Mini.home>
Date: Sun, 22 Jun 2025 12:27:50 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 16/18] try mocking expanduser to fix windows issues

---
 Lib/test/test_netrc.py | 9 +++++++--
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Lib/test/test_netrc.py b/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
index 45e3d9cb03e845..c736dad836a249 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import netrc, os, unittest, sys, tempfile, textwrap
 from contextlib import ExitStack
 from test.support import os_helper, subTests
+from unittest import mock
 
 try:
     import pwd
@@ -58,10 +59,14 @@ def use_default_netrc_in_home(*args, **kwargs):
         user's home directory.
         """
         with NetrcEnvironment() as helper:
+            helper.generate_netrc(*args, **kwargs)
             helper.environ.unset("NETRC")
             helper.environ.set("HOME", helper.tmpdir)
-            helper.generate_netrc(*args, **kwargs)
-            return netrc.netrc()
+            real_expanduser = os.path.expanduser
+            with mock.patch("os.path.expanduser") as mock_expanduser:
+                mock_expanduser.side_effect = lambda arg: helper.tmpdir \
+                    if arg == "~" else real_expanduser(arg)
+                return netrc.netrc()
 
     @staticmethod
     def use_netrc_envvar(*args, **kwargs):

From b4c22e9279b969be69a5bcd619245269362b4624 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Berthin Torres <berthin@Berthins-Mini.home>
Date: Sun, 22 Jun 2025 13:12:25 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 17/18] undo 80 chars, try again with os_helper.temp_dir

---
 Lib/test/test_netrc.py | 10 ++++------
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Lib/test/test_netrc.py b/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
index c736dad836a249..540d80b4a8a403 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import netrc, os, unittest, sys, tempfile, textwrap
+import netrc, os, unittest, sys, textwrap
 from contextlib import ExitStack
 from test.support import os_helper, subTests
 from unittest import mock
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ def __enter__(self):
         self.environ = self.stack.enter_context(
             os_helper.EnvironmentVarGuard(),
         )
-        self.tmpdir = self.stack.enter_context(tempfile.TemporaryDirectory())
+        self.tmpdir = self.stack.enter_context(os_helper.temp_dir())
         return self
 
     def __exit__(self, *ignore_exc):
@@ -110,8 +110,7 @@ def test_toplevel_non_ordered_tokens(self, make_nrc):
             machine host.domain.com password pass1 login log1 account acct1
             default login log2 password pass2 account acct2
             """)
-        self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['host.domain.com'],
-                         ('log1', 'acct1', 'pass1'))
+        self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['host.domain.com'], ('log1', 'acct1', 'pass1'))
         self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['default'], ('log2', 'acct2', 'pass2'))
 
     @subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
@@ -120,8 +119,7 @@ def test_toplevel_tokens(self, make_nrc):
             machine host.domain.com login log1 password pass1 account acct1
             default login log2 password pass2 account acct2
             """)
-        self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['host.domain.com'],
-                         ('log1', 'acct1', 'pass1'))
+        self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['host.domain.com'], ('log1', 'acct1', 'pass1'))
         self.assertEqual(nrc.hosts['default'], ('log2', 'acct2', 'pass2'))
 
     @subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)

From 895d707c4b2877ba3dcd8c4b66748ae67c024233 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Berthin Torres <berthin@Berthins-Mini.home>
Date: Sun, 22 Jun 2025 20:45:27 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 18/18] Address review comments

---
 Lib/test/test_netrc.py | 92 ++++++++++++++++++++----------------------
 1 file changed, 43 insertions(+), 49 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Lib/test/test_netrc.py b/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
index 5eda9bee438f92..e7e9359e11644e 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_netrc.py
@@ -44,61 +44,55 @@ def generate_netrc(
         return netrc_file
 
 
-class NetrcBuilder:
-    """Utility class to construct and load `netrc.netrc` instances using
-    different configuration scenarios.
+def use_default_netrc_in_home(*args, **kwargs):
+    """Load an instance of netrc using the default `.netrc` file from the
+    user's home directory.
     """
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def use_default_netrc_in_home(*args, **kwargs):
-        """Load an instance of netrc using the default `.netrc` file from the
-        user's home directory.
-        """
-        with NetrcEnvironment() as helper:
-            helper.generate_netrc(*args, **kwargs)
-            helper.environ.unset("NETRC")
-            helper.environ.set("HOME", helper.tmpdir)
-            real_expanduser = os.path.expanduser
-            with mock.patch("os.path.expanduser") as mock_expanduser:
-                mock_expanduser.side_effect = lambda arg: helper.tmpdir \
-                    if arg == "~" else real_expanduser(arg)
-                return netrc.netrc()
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def use_netrc_envvar(*args, **kwargs):
-        """Load an instance of the netrc using the `.netrc` file specified by
-        the `NETRC` environment variable.
-        """
-        with NetrcEnvironment() as helper:
-            netrc_file = helper.generate_netrc(*args, **kwargs)
-            helper.environ.set("NETRC", netrc_file)
+    with NetrcEnvironment() as helper:
+        helper.generate_netrc(*args, **kwargs)
+        helper.environ.unset("NETRC")
+        helper.environ.set("HOME", helper.tmpdir)
+        with mock.patch("os.path.expanduser") as mock_expanduser:
+            def fake_expanduser(path):
+                return helper.tmpdir if path == "~" else os.path.expanduser(path)
+            mock_expanduser.side_effect = fake_expanduser
             return netrc.netrc()
 
-    @staticmethod
-    def use_file_argument(*args, **kwargs):
-        """Load an instance of `.netrc` file using the file as argument.
-        """
-        with NetrcEnvironment() as helper:
-            # Just to stress a bit more the test scenario, the NETRC envvar
-            # will contain rubish information which shouldn't be used
-            helper.environ.set("NETRC", "not-a-file.netrc")
-            netrc_file = helper.generate_netrc(*args, **kwargs)
-            return netrc.netrc(netrc_file)
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def get_all_scenarios():
-        """Return all `.netrc` loading scenarios as callables.
-
-        This method is useful for iterating through all d ways the
-        `.netrc` file can be located.
-        """
-        return (NetrcBuilder.use_default_netrc_in_home,
-                NetrcBuilder.use_netrc_envvar,
-                NetrcBuilder.use_file_argument)
+
+def use_netrc_envvar(*args, **kwargs):
+    """Load an instance of the netrc using the `.netrc` file specified by
+    the `NETRC` environment variable.
+    """
+    with NetrcEnvironment() as helper:
+        netrc_file = helper.generate_netrc(*args, **kwargs)
+        helper.environ.set("NETRC", netrc_file)
+        return netrc.netrc()
+
+
+def use_file_argument(*args, **kwargs):
+    """Load an instance of `.netrc` file using the file as argument.
+    """
+    with NetrcEnvironment() as helper:
+        # Just to stress a bit more the test scenario, the NETRC envvar
+        # will contain rubish information which shouldn't be used
+        helper.environ.set("NETRC", "not-a-file.netrc")
+        netrc_file = helper.generate_netrc(*args, **kwargs)
+        return netrc.netrc(netrc_file)
+
+
+def get_all_scenarios():
+    """Return all `.netrc` loading scenarios as callables.
+
+    This method is useful for iterating through all ways the
+    `.netrc` file can be located.
+    """
+    return (use_default_netrc_in_home,
+            use_netrc_envvar,
+            use_file_argument)
 
 
 class NetrcTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
-    ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS = NetrcBuilder.get_all_scenarios()
+    ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS = get_all_scenarios()
 
     @subTests('make_nrc', ALL_NETRC_FILE_SCENARIOS)
     def test_toplevel_non_ordered_tokens(self, make_nrc):

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