diff --git a/Doc/howto/logging-cookbook.rst b/Doc/howto/logging-cookbook.rst index 8b42383e2eb556..79b4069f035076 100644 --- a/Doc/howto/logging-cookbook.rst +++ b/Doc/howto/logging-cookbook.rst @@ -3022,6 +3022,95 @@ refer to the comments in the code snippet for more detailed information. if __name__=='__main__': main() +Logging to syslog with RFC5424 support +-------------------------------------- + +Although :rfc:`5424` dates from 2009, most syslog servers are configured by detault to +use the older :rfc:`3164`, which hails from 2001. When ``logging`` was added to Python +in 2003, it supported the earlier (and only existing) protocol at the time. Since +RFC5424 came out, as there has not been widespread deployment of it in syslog +servers, the :class:`~logging.handlers.SysLogHandler` functionality has not been +updated. + +RFC 5424 contains some useful features such as support for structured data, and if you +need to be able to log to a syslog server with support for it, you can do so with a +subclassed handler which looks something like this:: + + import datetime + import logging.handlers + import re + import socket + import time + + class SysLogHandler5424(logging.handlers.SysLogHandler): + + tz_offset = re.compile(r'([+-]\d{2})(\d{2})$') + escaped = re.compile(r'([\]"\\])') + + def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): + self.msgid = kwargs.pop('msgid', None) + self.appname = kwargs.pop('appname', None) + super().__init__(*args, **kwargs) + + def format(self, record): + version = 1 + asctime = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(record.created).isoformat() + m = self.tz_offset.match(time.strftime('%z')) + has_offset = False + if m and time.timezone: + hrs, mins = m.groups() + if int(hrs) or int(mins): + has_offset = True + if not has_offset: + asctime += 'Z' + else: + asctime += f'{hrs}:{mins}' + try: + hostname = socket.gethostname() + except Exception: + hostname = '-' + appname = self.appname or '-' + procid = record.process + msgid = '-' + msg = super().format(record) + sdata = '-' + if hasattr(record, 'structured_data'): + sd = record.structured_data + # This should be a dict where the keys are SD-ID and the value is a + # dict mapping PARAM-NAME to PARAM-VALUE (refer to the RFC for what these + # mean) + # There's no error checking here - it's purely for illustration, and you + # can adapt this code for use in production environments + parts = [] + + def replacer(m): + g = m.groups() + return '\\' + g[0] + + for sdid, dv in sd.items(): + part = f'[{sdid}' + for k, v in dv.items(): + s = str(v) + s = self.escaped.sub(replacer, s) + part += f' {k}="{s}"' + part += ']' + parts.append(part) + sdata = ''.join(parts) + return f'{version} {asctime} {hostname} {appname} {procid} {msgid} {sdata} {msg}' + +You'll need to be familiar with RFC 5424 to fully understand the above code, and it +may be that you have slightly different needs (e.g. for how you pass structural data +to the log). Nevertheless, the above should be adaptable to your speciric needs. With +the above handler, you'd pass structured data using something like this:: + + sd = { + 'foo@12345': {'bar': 'baz', 'baz': 'bozz', 'fizz': r'buzz'}, + 'foo@54321': {'rab': 'baz', 'zab': 'bozz', 'zzif': r'buzz'} + } + extra = {'structured_data': sd} + i = 1 + logger.debug('Message %d', i, extra=extra) + .. patterns-to-avoid: diff --git a/Doc/library/logging.rst b/Doc/library/logging.rst index fda8e64c23bc50..51b5f86e69efe5 100644 --- a/Doc/library/logging.rst +++ b/Doc/library/logging.rst @@ -30,9 +30,17 @@ is that all Python modules can participate in logging, so your application log can include your own messages integrated with messages from third-party modules. +The simplest example: + +.. code-block:: none + + >>> import logging + >>> logging.warning('Watch out!') + WARNING:root:Watch out! + The module provides a lot of functionality and flexibility. If you are -unfamiliar with logging, the best way to get to grips with it is to see the -tutorials (see the links on the right). +unfamiliar with logging, the best way to get to grips with it is to view the +tutorials (**see the links above and on the right**). The basic classes defined by the module, together with their functions, are listed below. pFad - Phonifier reborn

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