Papers by Tonny K.Moekasan
Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research, Nov 30, 2023
ABSTRAK. Sejumlah cendawan patogen merupakan penyebab berbagai penyakit pada tanaman cabai (Capsi... more ABSTRAK. Sejumlah cendawan patogen merupakan penyebab berbagai penyakit pada tanaman cabai (Capsicum annuum L.). Oleh karena fungisida sintetik berpengaruh negatif terhadap lingkungan, akhir-akhir ini penggunaan mikroorganisme antagonis sebagai agensia alternatif pengendali berbagai jenis patogen tanaman semakin banyak diteliti dan dikembangkan. Jenis mikroorganisme tersebut ialah bakteri rizosfir nonpatogenik yang mengolonisasi perakaran tanaman, dikenal sebagai plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. Berbagai jenis rizobakteri telah banyak digunakan untuk mengendalikan penyakit, di samping untuk memacu pertumbuhan tanaman. Tujuan penelitian ialah mengisolasi rizobakteri indigenous Sulawesi Tenggara dari perakaran tanaman cabai yang dieksplorasi dari Kabupaten Konawe, Konawe Selatan, Kendari, Muna, dan Buton serta menguji kemampuan isolat tersebut untuk menghambat pertumbuhan koloni cendawan patogen (Colletotrichum capsici dan Fusarium oxysporum) di laboratorium. Dari hasil penelitia...
Jurnal hortikultura, May 17, 2019
ABSTRAK. Cendawan entomopatogen Lecanicillium lecanii merupakan musuh alami potensial bagi trips.... more ABSTRAK. Cendawan entomopatogen Lecanicillium lecanii merupakan musuh alami potensial bagi trips. Pemanfaatannya dalam budidaya kentang diharapkan mampu meningkatkan nilai ambang kendali Thrips palmi dalam rangka mendukung pelestarian lingkungan. Penelitian bertujuan mengevaluasi ambang kendali trips dengan menambahkan penggunaan L. lecanii sebagai agens pengendalian hayati. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Marga Mekar (1.200 m dpl.), Kecamatan Pangalengan, Kabupaten Bandung, Jawa Barat, dari bulan Mei hingga Agustus 2016. Penelitian disusun menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan enam perlakuan dan tiap perlakuan diulang empat kali. Macam perlakuan yang diuji adalah: (A) ambang kendali satu nimfa trips/daun + L. lecanii, (B) ambang kendali enam nimfa trips/daun + L. lecanii, (C) ambang kendali 11 nimfa trips/daun + L. lecanii, (D) ambang kendali 16 nimfa trips /daun + L. lecanii, (E) penyemprotan insektisida 2x/minggu, dan (F) kontrol, tanpa penyemprotan insektisida dan tanpa L. lecanii. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyemprotan L. lecanii (1x/minggu) mampu meningkatkan ambang kendali trips dari 10 nimfa /daun menjadi 16 nimfa/daun, mampu menekan penggunaan insektisida sebesar 56,25-100%, dan mampu menekan kehilangan hasil panen ubi kentang sebesar 34,98-45,74%. Lecanicillium lecanii sebagai pengendali trips lebih tepat digunakan pada musim kemarau, dan pada saat serangan penyakit rendah, untuk menghindari penggunaan fungisida sistemik yang dapat mematikan cendawan entomopatogen tersebut. Kata kunci : Ambang kendali; Cendawan entomopatogen; Penyemprotan insektisida; Solanum tuberosum L.; Thrips palmi Karny ABTRACT. Lecanicillium lecanii is one of entomopathogenic fungus that effective against thrips. The use of the fungus in potato cultivation may increase control threshold of thrips in order to hold environment sustainability. The experiment was aimed to evaluate the control threshold of thrips with add L. lecanii as an biological control agent. The experiment had been conducted in Marga Mekar Village (1,200 m asl.), Pangalengan Sub District, Bandung District, West Java Province. The experiment was arranged in randomized block design with six treatments and each treatment was replicated four times. The treatments tested were (A) control threshold one nymph/leaf + L. lecanii, (B) control threshold six nymphs/leaf + L. lecanii, (C) control threshold 11 nymphs/leaf + L. lecanii, (D) control threshold 16 nymphs/leaf + L. lecanii, (E) insecticide spraying 2x/week, and (F) check, without insecticide and without L. lecanii. Result showed that L. lecanii spraying (1x / week) was able to increase the control threshold of thrips of 10 nymphs/leaf to 16 nymphs/leaf, was able to suppress the use of insecticides by 56.25% to 100%, and was able to suppress the yield loss of potato by 34.98% to 45.74%. Lecanicillum lecanii as a biological control agent of thrips more appropriately used in the dry season, when the disease intensity is low, in order to avoid sistemic fungicide application that able kill the entomopathogenic fungus.
Jurnal Hortikultura, Dec 30, 2007
ABSTRAK. Penelitian terdiri atas survai dan penelitian laboratorium. Tujuan survai adalah untuk m... more ABSTRAK. Penelitian terdiri atas survai dan penelitian laboratorium. Tujuan survai adalah untuk mengetahui perilaku petani dalam menggunakan insektisida untuk mengendalikan ulat bawang dan penelitian di laboratorium bertujuan mengetahui status resistensi ulat bawang terhadap insektisida yang umum digunakan oleh petani. Survai dilakukan terhadap 60 orang petani di Kecamatan Gebang dan Losari (Kabupaten Cirebon), Kecamatan Wanasari dan Larangan (Kabupaten Brebes), dan Kecamatan Dukuhturi dan Margadana (Kabupaten Tegal) pada bulan Juni sampai dengan Juli 2005. Penelitian di laboratorium dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli sampai dengan Desember 2005. Pengujian menggunakan metode pencelupan potongan daun bawang terhadap larva S. exigua instar ke-2 dan atau ke-3 asal Kecamatan Gebang dan Losari (Kabupaten Cirebon), Kecamatan Wanasari dan Larangan (Kabupaten Brebes), Kecamatan Dukuhturi dan Margadana (Kabupaten Tegal). Penghitungan nilai LC 50 tiap jenis insektisida yang diuji dilakukan menggunakan program komputer analisis Probit. Hasil survai menunjukkan bahwa insektisida yang umum digunakan petani untuk mengendalikan ulat bawang adalah spinosad, klorpirifos, triazofos, metomil, betasiflutrin, siromazin, karbosulfan, tiodikarb, dan abamektin. Petani umumnya mencampur 2-5 jenis insektisida dan melakukan penyemprotan 2-3 kali per minggu. Konsentrasi formulasi insektisida yang digunakan pada umumnya di bawah konsentrasi formulasi anjuran, tetapi volume semprot yang digunakan sesuai dengan yang direkomendasikan. Hasil penelitian di laboratorium menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan kerentanan S. exigua, bergantung pada asal (strain) ulat bawang yang diuji. Ulat bawang asal Kecamatan Gebang dan Losari (Kabupaten Cirebon) terindikasi resisten terhadap insektisida spinosad, klorpirifos, triazofos, betasiflutrin, siromazin, karbosulfan, tiodikab, dan abamektin. Ulat bawang asal Kecamatan Wanasari dan Larangan (Kabupaten Brebes) terindikasi resisten terhadap insektisida klorpirifos dan betasiflutrin, sedangkan ulat bawang asal Kecamatan Wanasari terindikasi resisten terhadap insektisida siromazin, karbosulfan, dan abamektin. Ulat bawang asal Kecamatan Dukuhturi dan Margadana (Kabupaten Tegal) terindikasi resisten terhadap insektisida karbosulfan dan tiodikarb, sedangkan ulat bawang asal Kecamatan Dukuhturi terindikasi resisten pula terhadap insektisida spinosad, klorpirifos, dan siromazin.
Jurnal Hortikultura, Sep 30, 2008
Jurnal Hortikultura, Jun 30, 2007
E3S web of conferences, 2022
Chili is one of the food-enhanced flavours and eaten by almost a quarter of people daily. One of ... more Chili is one of the food-enhanced flavours and eaten by almost a quarter of people daily. One of the factors that influence chili production is pests and diseases infestation. Integrated pest management (IPM) both in the open field and under netting houses could control the chili pests and diseases infestation. The study aims to calculate the economic benefit of chili pepper production using the netting house IPM technology over the open field. The study was conducted from March to December 2021 in Lembang, West Java-Indonesia. Hot beauty chili variety was planted in the open-field and under netting house, each in the size of 1,000m 2 by IPM technology. IPM technologies' return was compared to evaluate which IPM technology produces the bigger. Data were analysed using partial budget analysis. The results showed chili production using the technology of IPM netting house generated revenue twofold higher than the IPM open field. It is derived from the saving cost of other expenditures and the additional income. The total profit resulting from IPM netting house production over the open field was 153.5 million (round up). The additional benefit of the IPM under netting house chili pepper production per hectare was 80.9 million IDR.
Jurnal Hortikultura, Mar 31, 2008
Jurnal hortikultura, Mar 30, 2013
ABSTRAK. Usahatani kentang di dataran medium di Indonesia tidak berkembang disebabkan oleh bebera... more ABSTRAK. Usahatani kentang di dataran medium di Indonesia tidak berkembang disebabkan oleh beberapa kendala. Kendala terpenting yaitu karena produktivitasnya yang rendah. Tujuan penelitian ialah untuk menghasilkan rakitan teknologi pengendalian hama terpadu (PHT) kentang dataran medium yang lebih produktif dan menguntungkan dibandingkan teknologi konvensional yang biasa digunakan petani. Penelitian dilakukan di dataran medium di Kabupaten Majalengka (680 m dpl.), Jawa Barat dari Bulan Juli sampai dengan Desember 2009. Penelitian dilakukan melalui dua tahap yaitu (1) identifikasi teknologi budidaya kentang yang biasa digunakan petani di area penelitian dan (2) percobaan lapangan untuk membandingkan teknologi PHT dengan teknologi konvensional. Penelitian pertama dilakukan melalui survei terhadap 10 responden. Percobaan lapangan menggunakan metode petak berpasangan dengan dua perlakuan dan masing-masing perlakuan diulang empat kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rakitan teknologi PHT layak secara teknis dan finansial direkomendasikan untuk menggantikan teknologi konvensional. Dibandingkan teknologi konvensional, secara teknis teknologi PHT dikatakan layak karena dapat meningkatkan produktivitas kentang dari 16,16 t/ha menjadi 21,44 t/ha (meningkat 32,7%), dan meningkatkan proporsi hasil umbi grade A (>125 g) dari 22% menjadi 47% (meningkat 114%). Teknologi PHT secara finansial juga dikatakan layak karena perubahan dari penggunaan teknologi konvensional ke teknologi PHT memberikan tingkat pengembalian (R) 10,76. Implikasi dari penelitian ini ialah bahwa dalam peningkatan produksi kentang dataran medium di Kabupaten Majalengka (Jawa Barat) teknologi konvensional yang biasa digunakan petani setempat sebaiknya ditinggalkan diganti dengan teknologi PHT dari Balitsa yang terbukti lebih produktif dan lebih menguntungkan. Katakunci: Pengendalian hama terpadu; Kentang; Dataran medium ABSTRACT. Potato cultivation in mid-elevation area in Indonesia is not well-developed yet due to some constraining factors. Low yield is consedered as the most importat constraint. The aim of the experiment was to obtain a technological package of integrated pest management (IPM) that was more high-yielding and profitable than that of conventional technological commonly practiced by farmers. The experiment was carried out at medium level of Majalengka District, West Java Province (680 m asl.) from July to December 2009. The experiment was consisted of two activities (1) identification of conventional technology commonly practiced by farmers in the area, and (2) field-comparison between proposed IPM technological package and farmers conventional technology. The conventional technology was identified through surveying 10 farmer respondents. The two treatments with four replications were tested by using paired comparison method. The results indicated that the proposed IPM system was technically and non-technically feasible to substitute the conventional system. The proposed IPM system was quite successful to increase potato yield from 16.16 t/ha to 21.44 t/ha (32.7% increase) and the proportion of A-grade potatoes (>125 g) from 22 to 47% (114% increase). The change from conventional technology to IPM system had provided the rate of return (R) of 10.76. The study implied that it was suggested to consider changing the conventional technology to the IVEGRI IPM system since the latter was proven more high-yielding and profitable.
balitsa.litbang.deptan.go.id
... Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus-Oktober 2003 di Provinsi Jawa Barat, khususnya di ... more ... Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus-Oktober 2003 di Provinsi Jawa Barat, khususnya di daerah sentra produksi paprika di Kecamatan Lembang. ... Hasil (Yield) kg/tanaman (kg/plant) Edison 82,4 1,5 – 3,0 Kelvin 5,9 1,5 – 2,0 Capino 41,2 1,7 – 3,0 Athena 5,9 2,0 – 2,2 ...
The purpose of the HORTIN-II programme is to contribute to the development of cost effective high... more The purpose of the HORTIN-II programme is to contribute to the development of cost effective high quality value chains for vegetables and fruits. Among others this can be achieved when technology development takes place in close collaboration between public institutions, farmers and private companies.
Jurnal hortikultura, Apr 13, 2016
ABSTRAK. Organisme pengganggu tumbuhan (OPT) masih merupakan salah satu kendala utama pada budida... more ABSTRAK. Organisme pengganggu tumbuhan (OPT) masih merupakan salah satu kendala utama pada budidaya cabai merah di dataran tinggi, sejak fase vegetatif hingga generatif. Oleh karena itu pengelolaan OPT selalu diupayakan guna menekan kehilangan hasil panen. Penelitian mengenai pengelolaan OPT utama pada budidaya cabai merah di dataran tinggi telah dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Margahayu, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran, Lembang (1.250 m dpl.) sejak April hingga Oktober 2011. Tujuannya ialah menguji pengaruh penggunaan rumah kasa dan mulsa plastik pada budidaya tiga varietas cabai merah terhadap serangan OPT, penggunaan pestisida, dan produksi cabai merah. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan petak terpisah dan setiap kombinasi perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga kali. Macam perlakuan yang diuji adalah : (A) sistem tanam : di dalam rumah kasa (a1) dan di lahan terbuka (a2); (B) kombinasi varietas dan penggunaan mulsa plastik : Tanjung 2 + mulsa plastik (b1), Wibawa + mulsa plastik (b2), Hot Beauty + mulsa plastik (b3), Tanjung 2 tanpa mulsa plastik (b4), Wibawa tanpa mulsa plastik (b5), dan Hot Beauty tanpa mulsa plastik (b6). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : (1) penggunaan rumah kasa pada budidaya cabai merah mampu menekan serangan OPT dan penggunaan pestisida dengan hasil panen lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan budidaya di lahan terbuka, (2) kombinasi penggunaan rumah kasa dan mulsa plastik mampu menekan kerusakan tanaman oleh serangan trips, (3) varietas Wibawa yang ditanam di dalam rumah kasa menggunakan mulsa plastik berproduksi tertinggi. Dengan demikian, penggunaan rumah kasa dan mulsa plastik dapat direkomendasikan untuk pengelolaan OPT cabai merah di dataran tinggi. Katakunci: Organisme pengganggu tumbuhan; Rumah kasa; Mulsa plastik; Cabai merah (Capsicum annuum); Dataran tinggi ABSTRACT. Pest and disease still be constraints in hot pepper cultivation in high land, from vegetative until generative phases of plant growth. Therefore, pest and disease management is always done to minimize crop loss. Study on pest and disease management in hot pepper cultivation in high land was carried out at Margahayu Research Garden, Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute at Lembang (1,250 m asl.), West Java, from April to October 2011. The aims of the experiment were to test the effect of the use of netting house and plastic mulch in three varieties of hot pepper cultivation on infestation of pest and disease, the use of pesticide and and harvest yield. The experiment used split plot design with three replications. The treatments tested were : (A) planting system : in netting house (a1) and in open field (a2), (B) combination of variety and plastic mulch : Tanjung 2 + plastic mulch (b1), Wibawa + plastic mulch (b2), Hot Beauty + plastic mulch (b3), Tanjung 2 without plastic mulch (b4), Wibawa without plastic mulch (b5), and Hot Beauty without plastic mulch (b6). Result showed that: (1) the use of netting house able to suppress pest and disease infestation and reduce application of pesticide with the yield higher than the yield in open field, (2) combination of netting house and plastic mulch able to suppress plant damage due to thrips, and (3) the yield of Wibawa cultivated in netting house and used plastic mulch was the highest. Implication of the result is the use of netting house and plastic mulch is recommended for pest and disease management in hot pepper cultivation in high land.
Caraka Tani, Aug 29, 2022
The majority of Indonesian farmers plant open pollinated (OP) chili because the seed price is aff... more The majority of Indonesian farmers plant open pollinated (OP) chili because the seed price is affordable. However, the chili has weaknesses, such as the productivity is lower and the seed is not uniform. Indonesian Vegetables Research Institute (IVegRI) attempts to create high-quality OP chili varieties that farmers could access. The study aimed to identify farmers, traders and households' preferences for OP chili varieties that IVegRI has released. The study was carried out in Lembang Sub-district, West Java Province, Indonesia, from March to November 2019. A total of 82 respondents, consisting of farmers, traders and households, were asked about their preference for three OP chili varieties, namely Tanjung, Carvi and Ciko. The respondents were selected purposively. Data were analyzed using perceived quality. The results of this study have revealed that production per plant was the most important chili attribute for farmers, while fruit shape and color were the most essential chili attributes for traders and households, as evidenced by the final scores of 4.93, 4.83 and 4.45, respectively. Traders preferred Tanjung chili variety, as indicated by a score of 1.04. Meanwhile, the farmers and households preferred Carvi to Tanjung and Ciko varieties, with a score of 1.05. Farmers' preference for Carvi for all attributes was higher than the average among varieties, especially for production per plant and fruit weight. This implies that Carvi, as the IVegRI OP chili variety, can be disseminated widely to other locations in West Java and other provinces in Indonesia. The findings of this study are expected to provide useful information for a better understanding of factors necessarily considered to further improve IVegRI's OP chili varieties.
Jurnal hortikultura, Jun 22, 2017
ABSTRAK. Salah satu kendala dalam budidaya kubis adalah serangan hama utama, yaitu ulat daun kubi... more ABSTRAK. Salah satu kendala dalam budidaya kubis adalah serangan hama utama, yaitu ulat daun kubis Plutella xylostella dan ulat krop kubis Crocidolomia binotalis. Penggunaan penghadang fisik atau rumah kasa sedang dikembangkan sebagai alternatif cara pengendalian selain menggunakan insektisida. Informasi mengenai sejauh mana pengaruh penggunaan rumah kasa terhadap serangan hama-hama tersebut pada budidaya kubis di Indonesia masih terbatas. Oleh karena itu penelitian untuk menguji kemampuan rumah kasa dalam mencegah serangan hama kubis dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Margahayu (1.250 m dpl.), Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran di Lembang, dari bulan Desember 2014 sampai April 2015. Penelitian disusun menggunakan petak berpasangan dengan dua macam perlakuan, yaitu budidaya kubis di dalam rumah kasa (A) dan budidaya kubis di lahan terbuka (B). Tiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak empat kali. Rumah kasa yang digunakan terbuat dari rangka besi dengan tinggi 2,5 m dari permukaan tanah dan dilengkapi dengan pintu ganda. Atap rumah kasa terbuat dari kasa dengan spesifikasi R10-215TrM3-80 mesh 36, dengan kerapatan 58 lubang/cm 2 , sedangkan dindingnya mempunyai spesifikasi R12-C225TrM2-70 mesh 66, dengan kerapatan 127 lubang/cm 2. Aplikasi insektisida dilakukan jika populasi hama telah mencapai ambang pengendalian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dibandingkan dengan budidaya kubis di lahan terbuka, penggunaan rumah kasa untuk penanaman kubis: (1) mampu menekan populasi ulat daun kubis dan kerusakan tanaman oleh serangan ulat krop kubis sehingga dapat mengurangi jumlah aplikasi insektisida sebesar 62,50%; (2) menghasilkan bobot hasil panen yang lebih tinggi sebesar 13,75%, dan (3) menghasilkan krop kubis dengan kualitas yang tetap tinggi yang ditunjukkan oleh nilai kadar serat sebesar 0,88% dan kekerasan krop sebesar 3,89 m/detik/100 g. Kata kunci: Kubis (Brassica oleracea var. capitata); Plutella xylostella; Crocidolomia binotalis; Aplikasi insektisida ABSTRACT. Infestation of key pests, Plutella xylostella and Crocidolomia binotalis is one of constraints in cabbage cultivation. The use of netting house is being developed as an alternative tactic for controlling the pests. Information of effect of netting house in cabbage cultivation in Indonesia is limited. Therefore the experiment to test the potency of netting house to reduce pests infestation was conducted at Margahayu Research Garden (1,250 m asl.), Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute in Lembang, from December 2014 until April 2015. The experiment was arranged using paired comparison with two treatments and each treatment was replicated four times. The treatments tested were: (A) cabbage cultivation in the netting house and (B) cabbage cultivation in open field. The construction of the netting house made from metal with 2.5 m high. The roof made from the screen with specification of R10-215TrM3-80 mesh 36 with 58 holes/cm 2 , and the wall with specification of R2-C225TrM2-70 mesh 66 with 127 holes/ cm 2. Insecticide was applied if the pest population reached the control threshold. The result showed that compared with cabbage cultivation in open field, cabbage cultivation in the netting house: (1) was able to reduce population of P. xylostella larvae and plant damage due to C. binotalis, so that number of insecticide application was reduced by 62.50%, (2) increased the yield by 13.75%, and (3) produced high quality cabbage crop that showed by dietary fibre of 0.88% and density of crop of 3.89 mm/second/100 g.
Towards cost effective, high quality value chains Effect of variety, transplant raising, net hous... more Towards cost effective, high quality value chains Effect of variety, transplant raising, net house cultivation, mulch and cropping system on hot pepper growth and yield HORTIN-II Research Report nr. 25
Towards cost effective, high quality value chains Effect of variety, container type, Regent drenc... more Towards cost effective, high quality value chains Effect of variety, container type, Regent drench, transplant depth and transplant age on transplant raising and yield of hot pepper.
Towards cost effective, high quality value chains Effect of variety, transplant raising, screen n... more Towards cost effective, high quality value chains Effect of variety, transplant raising, screen net, mulch and cropping system on hot pepper growth and yield HORTIN-II Research Report nr. 15
Plant Protection Science
Chilli production technologies should be continually improved to increase productivity and effect... more Chilli production technologies should be continually improved to increase productivity and effectively manage major chilli pests and diseases that could cause 25-100% crop losses (Setiawati et al. 2013). The implementation of integrated pest management (IPM) techniques in open field chilli cultivation systems has been widely reported (Moreira et al. 2021).
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Papers by Tonny K.Moekasan