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Spatio-temporal dynamics of phytoplankton diversity and community structure in relation to environmental variables in the Northwest Coasts of India

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Abstract

The primary objective of this study was to investigate the temporal and spatial variations in phytoplankton diversity, community composition, and associated environmental variables within Manori Creek, Northwest Coasts of India. Monthly surface water samples were systematically collected from January 2022 to February 2023 at three designated stations. The taxonomic analysis identified 114 phytoplankton species belonging to 67 genera, 53 families, and nine different classes, comprising Bacillariophyceae (29.8%), Mediophyceae (25.4%), Dinophyceae (19.3%), Coscinodiscophyceae (15.8%), Cyanophyceae (4.4%), Chlorophyceae (2.6%), Eustigmatophyceae (0.9%), Noctilucophyceae (0.9%), and Zygnematophyceae (0.9%). Cluster analysis and non-metric multidimensional scaling revealed three distinct clusters with unique spatial and temporal characteristics. The estuarine region at station 2 exhibited the highest species richness, while the riverine region at station 3 demonstrated the highest species diversity and dominance. The research outcomes revealed that phytoplankton diversity, richness, and evenness indices were highest during the monsoon and lowest during the pre-monsoon. Biota-environment stepwise analysis (BIO-ENV) results indicated that air temperature, salinity, pH, transparency, nitrite, total phosphorus, and silicate (Spearman coefficient “ρ” = 0.8327) are deterministic environmental variables that influence the distribution and community structure of phytoplankton. The canonical correspondence analysis further elucidated that the abundance of phytoplankton is primarily influenced by variables such as transparency, pH, total phosphate, nitrite, temperature, silicate, and chlorophyll-a concentration. The novelty of this research lies in its holistic approach to considering its unique environmental conditions incorporating a wide range of physical, chemical, and biological parameters that collectively influence phytoplankton dynamics.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to express their profound gratitude to the Director and Vice Chancellor of ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, for providing all the necessary facilities and fulfilling all of the needs and requirements during the entire research work. We would like to acknowledge the “Identification and characterization of recruitment ground of commercially important small pelagic fishes along Maharashtra coast (CIFE-2020/4)” project for providing the resources needed to conduct this research. The first author wishes to express gratitude to the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), New Delhi, India, for providing a fellowship to carry out the research.

Funding

This research work was funded by the Deemed University ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai 400 061, India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, 400 061, India

    Sahina Akter, Geetanjali Deshmukhe, Karankumar Ramteke, Suman Nama,  AbhilashWodeyar, Binaya Bhusan Nayak, Ashok Kumar Jaiswar & Asha Taterao Landge

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  1. Sahina Akter
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  2. Geetanjali Deshmukhe
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  3. Karankumar Ramteke
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  7. Ashok Kumar Jaiswar
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  8. Asha Taterao Landge
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Contributions

Sahina Akter: design the experiment, planning of work, sample collection, sample analysis, phytoplankton identification, data collection, data analysis, figures preparation, table preparation, and main manuscript drafting.

Geetanjali Deshmukhe: designed the overall work plan, sampling design, phytoplankton identification, data analysis, editing the manuscript, and final approval for manuscript submission.

Karankumar Ramteke: data analysis, data interpretation, map preparation, editing figures, editing tables, and editing the manuscript.

Binaya Bhusan Nayak: logistic support, design the experiment, and planning of work.

Ashok Kumar Jaiswar: guidance of research work and sample collection and handling.

Asha Taterao Landge: guidance for the studies of environmental variables.

Suman Nama: sampling and data collection.

AbhilashWodeyar: sampling and data analysis.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Karankumar Ramteke.

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Competing interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Responsible Editor: Haroun Chenchouni

Supplementary Information

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Supplementary file1 (DOCX 936 KB)

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Akter, S., Deshmukhe, G., Ramteke, K. et al. Spatio-temporal dynamics of phytoplankton diversity and community structure in relation to environmental variables in the Northwest Coasts of India. Arab J Geosci 17, 93 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-024-11900-z

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