Skip to main content
Springer Nature Link
Log in

Reproductive pattern of the Phorcus turbinatus (Born, 1778) on littoral zones in Aegean Sea

  • Research
  • Published:
Aquaculture International Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to look into morphometric changes and establish the reproductive cycle. Phorcus turbinatus morphometric correlations were established, and the reproductive period and body indices were ascertained by taking histological sections. The idea that the primary growth occurs in the gastropod’s shell due to shell thickness can be supported by the meat yield and condition index, which exhibit a negative relationship with weight increase. The average annual HBA is 15.27 ± 0.26 mm. The overall weight was 1.60 ± 0.07 g on average. The range of the gonad index was 1.23 to 2.81%. Throughout the winter, the condition index was low; in the spring and summer, it rose. The results showed that the condition index was 4.24 ± 0.95–23.77 ± 4.48%, and the meat yield was 17.34 ± 0.99–33.27 ± 1.29%. P. turbinatus gonad stages were identified histologically as early active, late active, ripe, spawning, and recovery. Development and maturation over the course of the year demonstrate that, with the exception of the winter, reproductive activity is not interrupted. The primary reproductive phase was found to be between November and June, with temperature and nutrition assumed to be the abiotic elements influencing this, according to an analysis of data collected throughout the year.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

No datasets were generated or analysed during the current study.

Abbreviations

CI:

Condition index

MY:

Meat yield

SI:

Sphericity index

LFS:

Frontal

TW:

Weight

cfmt:

Connective

CI:

Conicity index

DI:

Density index

SCI:

Shell condition index

GI:

Gonad index

HBA:

Height tissue

pvo:

Previtellogenic

LB:

Length

WB:

Width 

FM:

Fibromuscular 

oocyte :

Oocyte 

vo:

Vitellogenic oocyte 

mo:

Mature oocyte

fl:

Folicule lumen

References

  • Ab Lah R, Bucher D, Savins D, Dowell A, Benkendorff K (2019) Temporal variation in condition index and meat quality of Lunella undulata (Turbinidae), in relation to the reproductive cycle. Molluscan Res 39(2):122–139. https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.360

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Acarli, S., Lok, A., Kucukdermenci, A., Yildiz, H., Serdar, S. 2011. Comparative growth, survival and condition index of flat oyster, Ostrea edulis (Linnaeus 1758) in Mersin Bay, Aegean Sea, Turkey. Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 17 (2).

  • Anibal, J., Esteves, E., Rocha, C. 2011. Seasonal variations in gross biochemical composition, percent edibility, and condition index of the clam Ruditapes decussatus cultivated in the Ria Formosa (South Portugal) Journal of Shellfish Research, 30 (1), 17–23. https://doi.org/10.2983/035.030.010

  • Anton, H. E. 1838. Verzeichniss der Conchylien welche sich in der Sammlung von Herrmann Eduard Anton befinden. Herausgegeben von dem Besitzer. Halle: Anton. 110 pp.

  • Barboza SHR, Romanelli PF (2005) Carcass yield and proximate muscle composition of escargot (Achatina fulica) and aruá (Pomacea lineata) molluscs. Alimento e Nutrição 16(1):77–82

    Google Scholar 

  • Belhaouari B, Rouane-Hacene O, Bouhadiba S, Boutiba Z (2011) Utilisation d’un Gastéropode marin Osilinus turbinatus en biosurveillance marine : application aux métaux lourds du littoral algérien occidental. J Sci Hal Aquat 3:89–96

    Google Scholar 

  • Bode A, Lombas I, Anadon N (1986) Preliminary studies on the reproduction and population dynamics of Monodonta lineata and Gibbula umbilicalis (Mollusca, Gastropoda) on the central coast of Asturias (N. Spain). Hydrobiologia 142:31–39

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boucetta, S. K. 2017. Biosurveillance des eaux du littoral Est Algérien. Á travers un mollusque gastéropode: Phorcus (=Osilinus) turbinatus (Born, 1780) Thèse de doctorat es sciences. Faculté des Sciences, Département des Sciences de la Mer. Université Badji Mokhtar – Annaba. https://doi.org/10.37745/irjns.13.

  • Boucetta, S., Derbal, F., Boutiba, Z., Kara, M. H. 2008. First biological data on the marine snails Monodonta turbinata (Gasteropoda, Trochidae) of Eastern Coasts of Algeria. Laboratoire Bioressources Marines, Université Badji-Mokhtar, Algeria. Laboratoire Réseau de Surveillance Environmental, Université Es-Senia, Oran, Algeria.

  • Boulajfene W, Strogyloudi E, Lasram M, El Mlayah A, Vassiliki-Angelique C, Zouari-Tlig S (2019) Biological and biochemical assessment in Phorcus articulatus (Lamarck 1822): contamination and seasonal effect. Environ Monit Assess 191:1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/life11060529

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cabral JPS (2020) Morphological variability of Phorcus lineatus (da Costa 1778) shells along the coast of Portugal and the significance of the environment on shell morphology. Thalassas Int J Mar Sci 36:9–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41208-019-00187-7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Costa M.A. 2015. Distribution and shape analysis of Phorcus lineatus and Phorcus sauciatus along the Portuguese coast. Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, Portugal, MSc Thesis.

  • Crothers JH (2001) Common topshells: an introduction to the biology of Osilinus lineatus with notes on other species in the genus. Field Stud 10:115–160

    Google Scholar 

  • Desai BN (1966) The biology of Monodonta lineata (Da Costa). J Mollus Stud 37:1–17

    Google Scholar 

  • Faidallah, A.A., Ali, R.A., Ali, S.M. 2021. Morphology of Phorcus turbinatus (gastropoda) in the eastern Libyan Mediterranean Sea. International Research Journal of Natural Sciences, 9 (1), 12–34. https://doi.org/10.37745/irjns.13

  • Fretter V, Graham A (1964) Reproduction. In: Wilbur KM, Yonge CM (eds) Physiology of Mollusca. Academic Press. New York.T, I Pags, pp 127–164

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Galvao P, Longo R, Torres JPM, Malm O (2015) Estimating the potential production of the brown mussel Perna perna (Linnaeus, 1758) reared in three tropical bays by different methods of condition indices. Journal of Marine Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/948053

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garwood PR, Kendall MA (1985) The reproductive cycles of Monodonta lineata and Gibbula umbilicalis on the coast of mid-Wales. Journal of the Marine Biological AssociationoftheUK 65:993–1008. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315400019470

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Graham AFRS (1988) Molluscs: prosobranch and pyramidellid gastropods. Synopses of the British Fauna 2:1–662

    Google Scholar 

  • Himmelman JH (1975) Phytoplankton as a stimulus for spawning in three marine invertebrates. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 20(2):199–214

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Howard, D.W and Smith, C.S. 1983. Histological techniques for marine bivalve mollusks. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-F /NEC- 25

  • Kinne O (1970) Temperature-invertebrates. In: Kinne O (ed) Marine ecology: a comprehensive integrated treatise of life in oceans and coastal waters. Wiley-Interscience, London, UK, pp 407–514

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee JH (2001) Gonadal development and reproductive cycle of the top shell, Omphalius rusticus (gastropoda: Trochidae). Korean Journal of Biological Sciences 5(1):37–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/12265071.2001.9647580

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Menzies R, Cohen Y, Lavie B, Nevo E (1992) Niche adaptation in two marine gastropods, Monodonta turbiformis and M. turbinata. Ital J Zool 59:297–302

    Google Scholar 

  • Newel, R.C. 1979. Biology of intertidal animals. Marine Ecological Surveys, Faversham, UK, 781 pp.

  • Okumus I, Stirling., H.P., (1998) Seasonal variations in the meat weight, Condition Index and biochemical composition of mussels (Mytilus edulis L.) in suspended culture in two Scottish sea lochs. Aquaculture 159:249–261. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(97)00206-8

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Orton J.H, Southward A.J, Dodd J.M. 1956. Studies on the biology of limpets II. The breeding of Patella vulgata L. in Britain. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the UK. 1956; 35: 149–176. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315400009036.

  • Osborne CM (1977) Ecology of shell color polyphenism in the marine intertidal gastropod, Thais lapillus. Yale University, In New England, p 1977

    Google Scholar 

  • Öztürk, B., Önen, M., & Doğan, A. 2008. Türkiye Denizel Mollusca Türleri Tayin Atlası, Ankara. The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (Tübitak) 103T154, 468.

  • Pantea ED, Oros A, Roşıoru DM, Roşoıu N (2020) Condition index of mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lamarck, 1819) as a physiological indicator of heavy metals contamination. Academy of Romanian Scientists Annals Series on Biological Sciences 9(1):20–36

    Google Scholar 

  • Pekkarinen M (1983) Seasonal changes in condition and biochemical constituents in the soft part of Macoma balthica (Lamellibranchiata) in the Tvarminne brackish water area (Baltic Sea). Annales Zoologic Fennici 20:311–322

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pope, G. T., & Goto, Y. (1991). European seashells. Verlag Christa Hemmen, Wieesbaden.

  • Schifano G (1983) Allometric growth as influenced by environmental temperature in Monodonta turbinata shells. Palaeogeogr Palaeocl 44:215–222

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Serdar, S., Lök, A., 2005. Seasonal gonad development of Akivades (Tapes decussatus L., 1758) collected from Çakalburnu Dalyan. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 22(3), 389–397. ISSN 1300 – 1

  • Serdar S, Lök A (2009) Gametogenic cycle and biochemical composition of the transplanted carpet shell clam Tapes decussatus, Linnaeus 1758 in Sufa (Homa) Lagoon, Izmir. Turkey Aquaculture 293(1–2):81–88

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Serra AB (1997) The use of golden snail (Pomacea) as animal feed in the Philippines. Tropicultura 15(1):40–43

    Google Scholar 

  • Shaw BL, Battle HI (1957) The gross and microscopic anatomy of the digestive tract of the oyster Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin). Can J Zool 35(3):325–347

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sousa, R, Delgado, J, González, JA, Freitas, M and Henriques, P 2018a. Marine snails of the genus Phorcus: biology and ecology of sentinel species for human impacts on the rocky shores. In Ray, S (ed.), Biological Resources of Water. Croatia: IntechOpen,pp. 14167. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.71614.

  • Sousa R, Vasconcelos J, Delgado J, Riera R, González JA, Freitas M, Henriques P (2018) Filling biological information gaps of the marine topshell Phorcus sauciatus (Gastropoda: Trochidae) to ensure its sustainable exploitation. J Mar Biol Assoc UK 99(4):841–849. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315418001054

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sousa, R., Vasconcelos, J., Riera, R. 2020. Weight–length relationships of four intertidal mollusc species from the northeastern Atlantic Ocean and their potential for conservation. Molluscan Research, 40 (4), 363–368.https://doi.org/10.1080/13235818.2020.1809810.

  • Strickland, J. D. H., and Parsons T.R. 1972. A practical handbook of seawater analysis, 2nd ed. Bull. Fish. Res. Bd. Can. 16.

  • Tryon GW (1889) Manual of Conchology XI, Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia (described as Phorcus turbinatus). Published by the Author, Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, pp 1879–1898

    Google Scholar 

  • Udoh, J. P., Abiaobo, N. O. 2014. Condition index, meat yield and population structure of the marine gastropod, Thais coronata, off Cross River Estuary, Nigeria. Adv. Life Sci. Technol, 23, 24–32. ISSN 2224–7181 (Paper) ISSN 2225–062X (Online).

  • Underwood AJ (1979) The biology of gastropods. Adv Mar Biol 16:111–210

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vasconcelos, P., Santos, A. C., Pereira, F., Moura, P., Carvalho, A. N., Gaspar, M. B. 2021. Shell shape, morphology, morphometric relationships and relative growth of three topshell species (Gastropoda: Trochidae) from the Algarve coast (southern Portugal). Thalassas: An International Journal of Marine Sciences, 38 (1), 665–674. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315421000734

  • Vidal M, Fornós JJ, Gómez-Pujol L, Palmer M, Pons GX, Balaguer P (2013) Exploring rock coast bioerosion: rock fragment intestine transit time and erosion rates computation of the gastropod Monodonta articulata (Lamarck, 1822). J Coastal Res 65:1704–1709. https://doi.org/10.2112/SI65-288.1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Watts SA, Boettger SA, McClintock JB, Lawrence JM (1998) Gonad production in the sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus (Lamarck) fed prepared diets. Journal Shellfish Research 17:1591–1595

    Google Scholar 

  • Yildiz, H., Palaz, M., & Bulut, M. 2006. Condition indices of Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis L. 1819) growing on suspended ropes in Dardanelles. Journal of Food Technology, 4(3), 221–224.

  • Yildiz, H., Berber, S., Acarli, S., Vural, P. 2011. Seasonal variation in the condition index, meat yield and biochemical composition of the flat oyster Ostrea edulis (Linnaeus, 1758) from the Dardanelles, Turkey. Italian journal of animal science, 10(1), https://doi.org/10.4081/ijas.2011.e5.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Aquaculture, Ege University Fisheries Faculty, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey

    Aysun Kücükdermenci, Aynur Lök, Serpil Serdar & Ali Kirtik

  2. Marine Science and Technology Faculty, Canakkale 18 Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey

    Sefa Acarlı

  3. Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Izmir Katip Celebi University, 35620, Ciğli, Izmir, Turkey

    Sevim Hamzaçebi

Authors
  1. Aysun Kücükdermenci
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Aynur Lök
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Serpil Serdar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Sefa Acarlı
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Ali Kirtik
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Sevim Hamzaçebi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

A.K.: Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – original draft, Visualization. A.L.: Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – review & editing. S.S.: Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – review & editing, Conceptualization. S.A.: Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing, Conceptualization. Al.K.: Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – review & editing. S.H.: Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – review & editing.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sevim Hamzaçebi.

Ethics declarations

Competing interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Handling Editor: Brian Austin

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Article Note

- The condition index increased in the spring and summer season.

- Morphometric correlations express growth in the shell part.

- Reproductive activity was not interrupted except for the winter months. 

- Gastropod species can be studied for their utilization in different areas.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kücükdermenci, A., Lök, A., Serdar, S. et al. Reproductive pattern of the Phorcus turbinatus (Born, 1778) on littoral zones in Aegean Sea. Aquacult Int 33, 93 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-024-01718-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-024-01718-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy