Skip to main content

Advertisement

Springer Nature Link
Log in

Sub-seasonal east–west oscillation of the western pacific subtropical high in summer and its air–sea coupling process

  • Published:
Climate Dynamics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper, the important role played by the local air-sea heat exchange in the east–west oscillation of the Western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) on the sub-seasonal scale is revealed. First, the east–west oscillation index is defined for the WPSH using the relative vorticity field. The index can well characterize the sub-seasonal east–west oscillation of the WPSH, and it has a significant sub-seasonal cycle of 10–30 days. During the westward events, there is a cold sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly in the WPSH and its west side at the early stage of westward WPSH extension, and the cold SST anomaly makes the low-level atmosphere relatively stable, which is conducive to the generation of abnormal anticyclone, and then leads to the westward extension of the WPSH. During the westward WPSH extension, the convective activity is further suppressed; therefore, the water vapor evaporation and the cloud cover are reduced, and the net heat flux received by the ocean surface increases, eventually leading to the rise of SST. At the late stage of the westward extension, the continually enhanced warm SST causes instability of the low-level atmosphere, weakens the abnormal anticyclone, and then leads to the eastward retreat of the WPSH. Thereafter, the enhanced convective activities causes the increase of latent flux and cloud cover in the atmosphere, as well as the decrease of solar radiation flux. As a result, the warm SST anomaly weakens. The situation is the opposite for the eastward events. During the eastward or westward movement of the WPSH, beside the influence of the air-sea interaction in the WPSH region, the northward and northwestward propagation of the OLR anomaly in the tropical Indian Ocean and the Western Pacific respectively, and the SST anomaly in the equatorial western Pacific also have some influence on the WPSH east–west movement. The process of air-sea interaction is similar in the early and late summer, but the intensity of each meteorological factor is stronger in the early summer than that in late summer, which indicates that the air-sea interaction is more obvious in the early summer.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Chung P, Sui C, Li T (2011) Interannual relationships between the tropical sea surface temperature and summertime subtropical anticyclone over the western North Pacific. J Geophys Res Atmos 116(D13):1016–1022

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gadgil SPV, Joseph N, Joshi V (1984) Ocean–atmosphere coupling over monsoon regions. Nature, 312:141–143, https://doi.org/10.1038/312141a0

  • Guan W, Ren X, Shang W et al (2018) Subseasonal zonal oscillation of the western Pacific WPSH during early summer. J Meteorol Res 32(5):768–780. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13351-018-8061-2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Guan W, Hu H, Ren X et al (2019) Subseasonal zonal variability of the western Pacific subtropical high in summer: climate impacts and underlying mechanisms. Clim Dyn 53:3325–3344

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hendon HH, Lim E, Liu G (2012) The Role of Air–Sea Interaction for Prediction of Australian Summer Monsoon Rainfall. J Clim 25(4):1278–1290. https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/clim/25/4/jcli-d-11-00125.1.xml.

  • Hendon H, Glick J (1997) Intraseasonal air-sea interaction in the tropical Indian and Pacific oceans. J Clim 10:647–661

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huang SS (1963) A study of the longitudinal movement and its forecasting of subtropical anticyclones (in Chinese). Acta Meteorol Sin 33:320–332

    Google Scholar 

  • Kawatani Y, Ninomiya K, Tokioka T (2008) The North Pacific subtropical high characterized separately for June, July, and August: zonal displacement associated with submonthly variability. J MeteorolSoc Jpn 86:505–530

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krishnamurthy V, Kirtman BP (2009) Relation between Indian monsoon variability and SST. J Clim 22:4437–4458

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krishnamurthy V, Shukla J (2000) Intraseasonal and interannual variability of rainfall over India. J Clim 13:4366–4377

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krishnamurti TN, Oosterhof DK, Mehta AV (1988) Air–sea interaction on the time scale of 30–50 days. J. Atmos. Sci. 45, 1304–1322, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1988)045,1304:AIOTTS.2.0.CO;2

  • Li G, Ren B, Zheng J, Wang J (2009) Characteristics of low-frequency oscillation intensity of air-sea turbulent heat fluxes over the northwest Pacific. Sci China 52(008):1137–1151. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-009-0103-2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li J, Ding T, Jia X (2015) Analysis on the extreme heat wave over China around Yangtze River Region in the summer of 2013 and its main contributing factors. Adv Meteorol. 1-15, doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/706713

  • Liu H, Zhang DL, Wang B (2008) Daily to submonthly weather and climate characteristics of the summer 1998 extreme rainfall over the Yangtze River basin. J Geophys Res Atmos 113:D22101

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu Q, Zhao T, Mao H (2019) Decadal variations in the relationship between the western pacific subtropical high and summer Heatwaves in East China. J Clim. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0093.1,inpress

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lu RY, Li Y, Ryu CS (2008) Relationship between the zonal displacement of the western Pacific subtropical high and the dominant modes of low-tropospheric circulation in summer. Prog Nat Sci 18(2):161–165

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mao J, Xu G (2006) Intraseasonal variations of the Yangtze rainfall and its related atmospheric circulation feature during the 1991 summer. Clim Dyn 27:815–830

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mao J, Sun Z, Wu G (2010) 20–50-Day oscillation of summer Yangtze rainfall in response to intraseasonal variations in the subtropical high over the western North Pacific and South China Sea. Clim Dyn 34:747–761

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paek H et al (2016) Impacts of ENSO diversity on the western Pacific and North Pacific subtropical highs during boreal summer. Clim Dyn 52(12):7153–7172

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Qian W, Shi J (2017) Tripole precipitation pattern and SST variations linked with extreme zonal activities of the western Pacific subtropical high. Int J Climatol 37:30183035. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.4897

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Qian Z, Yu S (1991) The relationship between medium-range fluctuation of condensation heating in East Asia and quasi-2 weeks oscillation of the west pacific subtropical high. J Trop Meteorol 1991(03):259–267 ((in Chinese))

    Google Scholar 

  • Ren XJ, Yang XQ, Sun X (2013) Zonal Oscillation of Western Pacific Subtropical High and Subseasonal SST Variations during Yangtze Persistent Heavy Rainfall Events. J Clim 26:8929–8946. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00861.1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ren XJ, Yang D, Yang XQ (2015) Characteristics and mechanisms of the subseasonal eastward extension of the South Asian high. J Clim 28:6799–6822. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00682.1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roxy M, Tanimoto Y (2012) Influence of sea surface temperature on the intraseasonal variability of the South China Sea summer monsoon. Clim Dyn 39:1209–1218. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-011-1118-x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roxy M, Tanimoto Y (2013) Intraseasonal SST-precipitation relationship and its spatial variability over the tropical summer monsoon region. Clim Dyn 41:45–61. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-012-1547-1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shinoda T, Hendon HH, Glick J (1998) Intraseasonal variability of surface fluxes and sea surface temperature in the tropical western Pacific and Indian Oceans. J Clim 11:1685–1702. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(1998)011,1685:IVOSFA.2.0.CO;2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tao S, Zhu F (1964) The 100-mb flow patterns in southern Asia insummer and its relation to the advance and retreat of the West-Pacific subtropical anticyclone over the far east (in Chinese). Acta Meteorol Sin 34:385–396

    Google Scholar 

  • Vecchi GA, Harrison DE (2002) Monsoon breaks and subseasonal sea surface temperature variability in the Bay of Bengal. J Clim 15:1485–1493

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Waliser DE, Graham NE (1993) Convective cloud systems and warm-pool sea surface temperatures: Coupled interactions and self-regulation. J Geophys Res Atmos 98:12881–12893. https://doi.org/10.1029/93JD00872

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang LJ, Cheng X (2009) Features of the short-team position variation of the western pacific subtropical high during the torrential rain causing severe floods in southern china and its possible cause. Chin J Atmos Sci 33(05):1047–1057 ((in Chinese))

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang B, Wu R, Fu X (2000a) Pacific-East Asian teleconnection: how does ENSO affect East Asian climate? J Clim 13(9):1517–1536

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang WC, Gong W, Wei H (2000b) A regional model simulation of the 1991 sever precipitation event over the Yangtze-Huai River valley. Part I: precipitation and circulation statistics. J Clim 13:74–92

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang L, Li T, Zhou T (2012) Intraseasonal SST variability and air–sea interaction over the Kuroshio Extension region during boreal summer. J Clim 25:1619–1634

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang P, Tang J, Wang S et al (2018) Regional heatwaves in China: a cluster analysis. Clim Dyn 50:1901–1917. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-017-3728-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang C, Wu L (2015) Has the Western Pacific subtropical high extended westward since the late 1970s? J. Clim. 28(13): 5406-5413

  • Woolnough SJ, Slingo JM, Hoskins BJ (2000) The relationship between convection and sea surface temperature on intrapersonal timescales. J Clim 13:2086–2104. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2000)013,2086:TRBCAS.2.0.CO;2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wu R (2010) Subseasonal variability during the South China Sea summer monsoon onset. Clim Dyn 34:629–642. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-009-0679-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wu B, Zhou T (2008) Oceanic origin of the interannual and interdecadal variability of the summertime western Pacific WPSH. Geophys Res Lett 35:L13701. https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GL03458

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wu R, Kirtman BP, Pegion K (2008) Local rainfall-SST relationship on subseasonal time scales in satellite observations and CFS. Geophys Res Lett 35:L22706. https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GL035883

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xie SP, Hu K, Hafner J et al (2009) Indian Ocean capacitor effect on Indo-western Pacific climate during the summer following El Niño. J Clim 22(3):730

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xue F, Dong X, Fan F (2018) Anomalous western Pacific subtropical high during El Niño developing summer in comparison with decaying summer. Adv Atmos Sci 35(3):360–367

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yan HM, Wang L (2019) The relationship between east-west movement of subtropical high over northwestern pacific and precipitation in Southwestern China. J Appl Meteorol Sci 30(03):360–375 ((in Chinese))

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang S, Li T (2020) Cause for quasi-biweekly oscillation of zonal location of western Pacific subtropical high during boreal summer. Atmos Res 245:105079. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2020.105079

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang H, Sun S (2005) The characteristics of longitudinal movement of the subtropical high in the Western Pacific in the Pre-rainy Season in South China. Adv Atmos Sci 22(3):392–400

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang J, Wang B, Bao Q (2010) Biweekly and 21–30-day variations of the subtropical summer monsoon rainfall over the lower reach of the Yangtze River basin. J Clim 23:1146–1159

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yeo SR, Jhun JG, Kim WM (2012) Intraseasonal variability of western north Pacific WPSH based on the El Nino influence and its relationship with East Asian summer monsoon. Asia-Pacific J Atmos Sci 48(1):43–53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13143-012-0005-7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang R, Yu S (1992) On the dynamic mechanism of biweekly oscillation of subtropical high for the western pacific in summer. J Trop Meteorol 1992(04):306–314 ((in Chinese))

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhou T, Ma S, Zou L (2014) Understanding a hot summer in central eastern China: Summer 2013 in context of multi-model trend analysis. Bull Am Meteor Soc 95:S54–S57

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This research was jointly supported by the Open Project of Laboratory of Strait Meteorology (2020KX02), Li Chongyin Academician Workstation of Yunnan Province and National Natural Science Foundation of China (41575097). Science and Technology Project of SGCC(State Grid Corporation of China) [Research and application of multi-spatial scale variation of photovoltaic output characteristics considering complex factors such as cloud and floating dust] (NY71-19-013).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Science and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG), Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China

    Yucheng Zi & Ziniu Xiao

  2. Yunnan Climate Center, Kunming, China

    Hongming Yan

  3. International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences (ICCES), Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China

    Jingjing Xu

Authors
  1. Yucheng Zi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ziniu Xiao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Hongming Yan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Jingjing Xu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ziniu Xiao.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zi, Y., Xiao, Z., Yan, H. et al. Sub-seasonal east–west oscillation of the western pacific subtropical high in summer and its air–sea coupling process. Clim Dyn 58, 115–135 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-021-05893-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-021-05893-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy