nep-env 2025-02-10 papers

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By:	Laura Recuero Virto (CRG I3 - Centre de recherche en gestion I3 - X - École polytechnique - IP Paris - Institut Polytechnique de Paris - I3 - Institut interdisciplinaire de l’innovation - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, EMLV - École de management Léonard de Vinci); Fabienne Daures (AMURE - Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer - IFREMER - Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - UBO - Université de Brest - IUEM - Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers - UBO - Université de Brest - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, IUEM - Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers - UBO - Université de Brest - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); O. Guyader (AMURE - Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer - IFREMER - Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - UBO - Université de Brest - IUEM - Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers - UBO - Université de Brest - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, IUEM - Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers - UBO - Université de Brest - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Laurent Chauvaud (CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UBO IFCS - Université de Bretagne Occidentale - Institut de formation des cadres de santé - UBO - Université de Brest - CHU - BREST - Hôpital de la Cavale Blanche - CHRU Brest, IUEM - Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers - UBO - Université de Brest - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, LEMAR - Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - IFREMER - Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - UBO - Université de Brest - IUEM - Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers - UBO - Université de Brest - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Christophe Maes (LOPS - Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et Spatiale - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - IFREMER - Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers - UBO - Université de Brest - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, IUEM - Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers - UBO - Université de Brest - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, IRD [France-Ouest] - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement); Arnaud Huvet (LEMAR - Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - IFREMER - Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - UBO - Université de Brest - IUEM - Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers - UBO - Université de Brest - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, IUEM - Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers - UBO - Université de Brest - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)
Abstract:	The importance of the ocean for sustainable development has been firmly acknowledged in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development through Sustainable Development Goal 14. During a workshop organized by the Ocean University Initiative for the French Ministry of Ecological Transition on May 29, 2019 in Brest, some of these goals, notably to manage and combat the negative effects of fisheries subsidies, noise and plastic pollution, were analyzed, enabling the identification of areas for future research detailed in this policy brief. Some research topics are particularly important. Firstly, the implementation of target 14.6 on harmful fishing subsidies requires applied research into the economic, ecological and social impacts of public policies. Secondly, there is a strong need for harmonized measures to assess the impact of noise on marine fauna (invertebrates and vertebrates). Thirdly, marine pollution reduction target 14.1 should initially focus on plastic packaging, which accounts for almost half of the world's marine plastic waste.
Abstract:	L'importance de l'océan pour le développement durable a été fermement reconnue dans l'Agenda 2030 pour le développment durable à travers l'objectif de développement durable n°14. Lors d'un séminaire organisé par l'Ocean University Initiative pour le Ministère de la Transition Écologique et Solidaire français le 29 mai 2019 à Brest certains de ces objectifs notamment pour gérer et combattre les effets négatifs des subventions à la pêche, et des pollutions dues au bruit et aux plastiques ont été analysés permettant d'identifier des domaines de recherche futurs détaillées dans ce policy brief. Certains sujets de recherche sont particulièrement importants. Premièrement, la mise en œuvre de la cible 14.6 sur les subventions nuisibles à la pêche nécessite une recherche appliquée sur les impacts économiques, écologiques et sociaux des politiques publiques. Deuxièmement, il y a un fort besoin d'harmonisation des mesures pour évaluer l'impact du bruit sur la faune marine (invertébrés et vertébrés). Troisièmement, la cible 14.1 de réduction de la pollution marine devrait viser dans un premier temps les emballages en plastique qui représentent presque la moitié des déchets plastiques marins dans le monde.
Keywords:	SDG14, Sustainable Development Goal 14, Ocean, Fisheries, Subsidies, Underwater noise, Plastics, Pollutions, Sustainable Development, Ecological Transition, Life below Water, Policy Brief, Policy recommendations, Marine biodiversity, Marine Conservation, Marine fauna, Ocean observation, Fishing industry, Environmental Impact Assessment, European Union Policy, Marine Strategy Framework Directive, Global ocean, Microplastics, Nanoplastics, noise reduction, marine ecosystems
Date:	2023–12–11
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04851149

By:	Juhro, Solikin M.; Robinson, Irman; Rahadyan, Heru; Rishanty, Arnita
Abstract:	Climate change poses major challenges to the global economy and society, requiring coordinated efforts to alleviate its impacts. Given the nature of climate change, the adoption of central bank policies offers a more holistic strategy for managing and mitigating climate risks, thereby bolstering the resilience of the financial system and the economy. This paper aims to explore the critical tasks of coping with climate risks and proposes an integrated central bank climate regulatory framework to foster sustainable economic growth, by exploring the transmission mechanisms of central bank policies to support the establishment of just transition targets. The framework delineates three essential strategies, namely: (i) data, tools, and research, (ii) regulation and supervision, and (iii) climate transition policy. This paper shows that the central bank’s climate policies to manage transition risks can navigate just transition and support the achievement of sustainable economic growth. The operationalization of these strategies extends beyond the traditional purview of central bank activities, necessitating a collaborative and synergistic approach among regulators and industry stakeholders to guide the global economy toward sustainability.
Keywords:	climate risks, just transition target, sustainability, sustainable finance, sustainable economic growth, central bank policy.
JEL:	O13 Q52 Q54 Q56 Q58
Date:	2024–12–15
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:123324

By:	Madsen, Theis; Kountouris, Ioannis; Bramstoft, Rasmus; Koundouri, Phoebe; Keles, Dogan
Abstract:	Decarbonization of the energy system is a major challenge for today’s energy system to combat climate change. This challenge is addressed in the EU through different political strategies and plans such as the European Green Deal, Fit-for-55, and REPowerEU, which set specific emission reduction goals for 2030 and 2050. Different mechanisms are in place to achieve these goals, such as the system-wide ETS and the country-level National Energy and Climate Plans. However, there is a difference in the enforcement level between European countries, despite their connection to the same integrated energy system. Hence, there might be discrepancies between the effectiveness of the EU system-level target and the achievements of national goals and plans. To understand and address these discrepancies, we utilize the open-source, sector-coupled energy system optimization model Balmorel to analyze the impact of different decarbonization methods in a fully interconnected, pan-European energy system. In three scenarios, we consider 1) the use of only a system-level carbon budget in line with Fit-for-55 and the European Green Deal, 2) the application of a carbon budget at the country level, and 3) the use of a carbon tax instead of a budget on all production of electricity, heat, and hydrogen. The novelty of this paper lies in the first comparison of these three decarbonization mechanisms and their impact on alignment with policy targets. We demonstrate that the pan-European energy system can reach decarbonization targets across all scenarios. Still, diving from the system perspective into the country level, challenges appear, causing nations to overshoot their allocated budgets. Country-level emission targets are more effective with little cost increase compared to the only system-level target scenario but also cause cross-border effects of fossil fuel based energy production. The carbon tax scenario is the most effective at decarbonizing but comes at up to 27 % higher costs in intermediary years, requiring more early investments.
Keywords:	Energy policy, Energy Transition Pathway, Decarbonization Strategies, Balmorel, Energy System Modeling
JEL:	C3 C8 O2
Date:	2024–02
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:121998

By:	Zong, Xiaoxue; Huang, Kaixing; Ji, Xi
Abstract:	Land use policy is crucial for food security and ecological protection. This study explores the impact of the world’s largest Grain for Green Program, which subsidizes more than 100 million farmers to convert sloped cropland to forests and grasslands, on crop productivity in China. By combining detailed county-level crop production data with remote sensing data, our difference-in-differences estimates suggest that while the program significantly reduced total cropland area, it led to an increase in total crop yield. The unexpected yield impact can be explained by the fact that the program significantly increased labor input and multiple cropping in the remaining cropland. More importantly, we find that the program substantially reduced the damage of drought and extreme heat on crop yield. Our findings suggest the possibility of adopting land use policy to protect the ecology without compromising food security in a developing country.
Keywords:	land use, food security, ecological protection, climate shocks, Grain for Green
JEL:	J43 Q15 Q18 Q54
Date:	2025–01–26
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:123478

By:	Bulut, Hamid; Samuel, Robin
Abstract:	In the face of climate change, the principles of distributive social justice have become paramount in addressing the implications of resource allocation and the unequal impacts of environmental degradation. Our study explores the relationship between distributive social justice and environmental attitudes among young people in the context of climate change. Using a natural experimental design, we examine how the 2021 European Floods influenced social justice and environmental attitudes. Our results indicate significant shifts in attitudes, particularly regarding social justice, following the flooding. We found a strong and robust relationship between social justice and environmental attitudes. A causal mediation analysis revealed that floods affected environmental attitudes indirectly through social justice attitudes beyond direct effects. Our results emphasise the importance of integrating the principles of justice in addressing climate change and suggest that young people’s perspectives on social justice play a crucial role in shaping environmental policies and responses to climate crises.
Date:	2025–01–21
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:gx4hc

By:	Philipp M. Richter; Joschka Wanner
Abstract:	In this EconPol Policy Report, we assess various options for EU climate policy utilizing a quantitative trade and environment model. We investigate the EU’s 2030 emission reduction target, evaluate the impact of the newly introduced Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), and analyze different climate coalitions with the EU at their core, including the recently launched “G7-led Climate Club.” We thereby assess the impact on both national and global emissions accounting for carbon leakage, on international economic competitiveness and changes in the global market shares of the EU, as well as on aggregate income gains and losses.Our findings indicate that EU climate policies do not impose substantial costs, have a limited impact on global emissions, but generate substantial gains from avoided climate damages. The only modest global emission reduction is primarily due to the EU’s relatively small share in global emissions and carbon leakage in response to its climate policy. Our analysis demonstrates that the CBAM reduces, but does not entirely eliminate, carbon leakage and helps prevent income losses for the EU. In contrast to the low average costs for the EU across all scenarios, we show that the costs of climate policy are disproportionately borne by resource-rich countries. Achieving significant global emission reductions will require a climate coalition. However, our findings suggest that relying solely on a “G7-led Climate Club” is insufficient for the necessary global emission reductions. This underscores the need to foster a comprehensive global coalition.
Date:	2025
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:econpr:_53

By:	Yash Chawla; Katarzyna Chojnacka; Michal Paca; Anna Pudelko; Przemysław Zaleski; Rafal Weron
Abstract:	The widespread adoption of selective kitchen and garden waste processing in closed biogas plants is often hindered by financial feasibility and social acceptance. This study presents a comprehensive cost-benefit analysis of waste processing through wet and dry fermentation, evaluating energy recovery options from combined heat and power and compressed natural gas installations. Drawing on data from a Polish investment project and a novel concept in waste management research – a survey of professional energy forecasters, we provide financial projections until 2035 to guide sustainable decision-making. Our results emphasize the economic viability of bio-based energy recovery technologies, while also highlighting the potential social and environmental benefits. By diverting waste from landfills and recovering energy, biogas plants contribute to both energy transition goals and the broader objectives of sustainable waste management, including improved resource efficiency and reduced reliance on fossil fuels. This study offers practical insights for municipalities and businesses, promoting policies that support public-private partnerships and the long-term viability of renewable energy projects within the circular economy framework.
Keywords:	Municipal solid waste; Biogas plant; Cost-benefit analysis; Professional forecasters survey
JEL:	C22 C51 C53 Q41 Q47
Date:	2025
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ahh:wpaper:worms2501

By:	NAKAISHI Tomoaki; YOO Sunbin; KUMAGAI Junya; MANAGI Shunsuke
Abstract:	The adoption of residential solar photovoltaic (PV) systems is widely regarded as a critical measure to mitigate global warming by reducing carbon emissions and supporting a shift toward renewable energy. However, the broader impact of residential solar PV on household consumption behaviors remains underexplored. This study investigates the effects of residential solar PV adoption on household electricity consumption, with a focus on the mediating roles of pro-environmental behaviors and technology adoption. Using structural equation modeling (SEM) and data from Japanese households, we examine electricity costs post-adoption as a proxy for usage and emissions, highlighting seasonal variations across winter, summer, and spring. Our findings reveal that residential solar PV adoption is associated with increased electricity costs in winter (13.899%) and spring (2.429%), but a decrease in summer (6.322%). This pattern is partly driven by a greater use of energy-efficient products and electric vehicles (EVs) beyond levels that would have been previously been necessary, actually increasing costs, as households perceive solar energy as a low-cost resource. These insights suggest that while solar PV reduces fossil fuel reliance, it may inadvertently lead to higher energy use. To maximize the environmental benefits of solar energy, policies that promote energy conservation, incentivize battery storage, and curb excessive use of energy-efficient products are recommended.
Date:	2025–02
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eti:dpaper:25011

By:	Srivastava, S. K.; Kishore, Prabhat; Birthal, Pratap Singh; Shirsath, P. B.
Keywords:	Climate Change, Crop Production/Industries, Sustainability
Date:	2024–11–01
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:icar24:349210

By:	Marco A. Marini (Department of Social Sciences and Economics, Sapienza University of Rome); Samuel Nocito (Department of Social Sciences and Economics, Sapienza University of Rome)
Abstract:	We investigate whether climate activism favors pro-environmental consumption by examining the impact of Fridays for Future (FFF) protests in Italy on second-hand automobile sales in rally-affected areas. Leveraging data on 10 million automobile transactions occurring before and after FFF mobilizations, we exploit rainfall on the day of the event as an exogenous source of attendance variation. Our findings reveal a reduction in both the total number of cars purchased and their average CO2 emissions, with an uptick in the market share of low-emission vehicles and a corresponding decrease in the market share of high-emission counterparts. We test for two potential mechanisms at work: one mediated by an increase in environmental awareness, the other induced by a rational anticipation of future stricter regulations. Empirical evidence suggests that the latter mechanism is generally more pronounced than the former. However, the first channel seems likely to be at work among individuals aged 18-25, a group that is potentially more involved in the FFF movement.
Keywords:	Fridays for Future, climate activism, green consumption, carbon emissions, automobiles
JEL:	D72 D12 Q53 R41
Date:	2025–01
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fem:femwpa:2025.01

By:	Emilio Barucci; Daniele Marazzina; Aldo Nassigh
Abstract:	We explore the interplay between sovereign debt default/renegotiation and environmental factors (e.g., pollution from land use, natural resource exploitation). Pollution contributes to the likelihood of natural disasters and influences economic growth rates. The country can default on its debt at any time while also deciding whether to invest in pollution abatement. The framework provides insights into the credit spreads of sovereign bonds and explains the observed relationship between bond spread and a country's climate vulnerability. Through calibration for developing and low-income countries, we demonstrate that there is limited incentive for these countries to address climate risk, and the sensitivity of bond spreads to climate vulnerability remains modest. Climate risk does not play a relevant role on the decision to default on sovereign debt. Financial support for climate abatement expenditures can effectively foster climate adaptation actions, instead renegotiation conditional upon pollution abatement does not produce any effect.
Date:	2025–01
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2501.11552

By:	Sufian, Farha; Alvi, Muzna; Beniwal, Ezaboo
Abstract:	Energy use in India plays a critical role in shaping the countryâ€™s sustainable development trajectory, particularly in the context of the water-energy-food-environment nexus. As the worldâ€™s most populous nation with a rapidly growing economy, India faces significant challenges and opportunities in transitioning to cleaner and more efficient energy systems. The countryâ€™s energy access and use portfolio is closely linked to agricultural productivity, household well-being, and environmental sustainability, making it a key area for policy interventions. Access to clean and reliable energy is essential for improving food security, enhancing economic opportunities, and empowering marginalized communities, particularly women. However, Indiaâ€™s energy landscape is diverse, with rural areas heavily reliant on traditional energy sources like firewood and kerosene, while urban regions increasingly adopt modern energy technologies. The energy transition in India needs to go beyond increasing the use of renewable energy to addressing the disparities between regions and income groups to ensure that all householdsâ€”especially those in rural and underserved areasâ€”gain access to the benefits of cleaner and more efficient energy. This is the declared goal of the CGIAR Initiative on NEXUS Gains, which explores synergies between water, energy, food, and environmental sustainability. By understanding how energy choices are linked to household activities, agricultural practices, and broader socioeconomic outcomes, this analysis contributes to the global discourse on sustainable development and the urgent need for integrated solutions that address the complex interdependence of these sectors.
Keywords:	energy consumption; energy sources; Sustainable Development Goals; agricultural productivity; food security; women; gender; household surveys; India; Southern Asia; Asia
Date:	2024
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:cgiarp:168396

By:	Clare A. Balboni; Joseph S. Shapiro
Abstract:	How do environmental goods and policies shape spatial patterns of economic activity? How will climate change modify these impacts over the coming decades? How do agglomeration, commuting, and other spatial forces and policies affect environmental quality? We distill theoretical and empirical research linking urban, regional, and spatial economics to the environment. We present stylized facts on spatial environmental economics, describe insights from canonical environmental models and spatial models, and discuss the building blocks for papers and the research frontier in enviro-spatial economics. Most enviro-spatial research remains bifurcated into either primarily environmental or spatial papers. Research is only beginning to realize potential insights from more closely combining spatial and environmental approaches.
JEL:	F18 F64 H23 J61 O18 Q50 R11
Date:	2025–01
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:33377

By:	Bhatkhande, Aniket; Pethe, Abhay
Abstract:	Climate change is dominating risk analysis across governments and businesses and biodiversity conservation is critical mitigation against it. India through the Forest and Ecology grant has the world’s largest Ecological Fiscal Transfer. As the 16th Finance Commission deliberates it can consider the availability of newer datasets as well as past performance of the grant. We appeal to integration of three principles: Fairness and Equity, Ring-Fencing and Additionality, and Incentivizing Performance. We argue for a more inclusive definition of forest and ecology to include diverse ecosystems like grasslands and deserts. Secondly, we present evidence that communities around ecosystem bear the cost of regulation and thus argue for a separate grant-in-aid for communities around the ecosystems extending the opportunity cost principle to the third tier of governments. Lastly for incentivizing performance we recommend a grant-in-aid for the forest departments of the states who are responsible for maintenance and preservation of these ecosystems.
Keywords:	Ecological Economics, Environmental Fiscal Federalism, Ecological Fiscal Transfer, Indian Finance Commissions, Third-tier Governments
JEL:	H5 H7 H77 Q23 Q57
Date:	2024–12–26
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:123440

By:	Federico Lubello
Keywords:	Climate risk; macroprudential policy coordination; DSGE models
JEL:	E1 E2 O41 Q5 Q58
Date:	2024–11
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bcl:bclwop:bclwp192

By:	Hajdu, Tamás
Abstract:	This paper examines the effect of temperature on emergency department (ED) visits using administrative data covering 50% of the Hungarian population and 3.52 million ED visits from 2009 to 2017. The results show that ED visit rates increase when average temperatures exceed 10°C, primarily driven by mild cases that do not result in hospitalization. Higher humidity amplifies the heat effect, which is also stronger following consecutive hot days. The findings further indicate that the impacts of climate change - both present and future - are substantial. Between 2009 and 2017, 0.66% of the ED visits were attributed to temperature changes relative to the period 1950-1989. Furthermore, by the 2050s, compared to the first 15 years of the 21st century, the annual ED visit rate is projected to rise by 1.24%-1.70%, depending on the climate scenario. A heterogeneity analysis reveals that the effects of high temperatures and the future impacts of climate change are disproportionately greater in lower-income districts, areas with lower general practitioner density, and among younger adults.
Keywords:	temperature, climate change, morbidity, emergency department visits, heterogeneous impacts
JEL:	I10 I14 I18 Q54
Date:	2025
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:glodps:1560

By:	Ozili, Peterson K
Abstract:	This article presents new theories of sustainable development. The need for new theories of sustainable development arises from the need to explain the attitudes and various dispositions towards the sustainable development agenda. Five theories of sustainable development are presented, namely, the extinction avoidance theory of sustainable development, the collective stewardship theory of sustainable development, the rogue agent theory of sustainable development, the divine intervention and providence theory of sustainable development, and the resource-resilient world theory of sustainable development. These theories articulate the unspoken philosophy or paradigms regarding the need for sustainable development and who should be responsible for achieving sustainable development. These unspoken philosophy or paradigms have the power to move people to take action towards sustainable development or to do nothing about it, or to oppose the sustainable development agenda. Scholars, policy makers and researchers will find these theories useful in their work in sustainable development.
Keywords:	sustainable development, theories of sustainable development, sustainable development goal, extinction avoidance theory, collective stewardship theory, rogue agent theory, divine intervention and providence theory, resource-resilient world theory, SDGs
JEL:	Q00 Q01
Date:	2025
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:123287

By:	Hasan, Amena; Hasan, Kamrul; Haque, Sumaia
Abstract:	Bangladesh faces significant environmental challenges stemming from improper industrialization and unsustainable commercial practices. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of various attributes and sub-attributes associated with manufacturing companies in Chittagong in addressing environmental sustainability. A multi-criteria decision-making approach, the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), was employed to assess the natural environment through six primary attributes and 27 sub-attributes identified via a participatory process. The study determined the relative weights of these attributes and sub-attributes using a pair-wise comparison matrix. The findings revealed that Image/Relationship was the most influential attribute (35.92%), followed by Regulatory (27.6%) and Internal Voluntary (17.9%). Manufacturing organizations were found to prioritize image building, often investing significantly in environmental assessments to enhance their corporate reputation. Under the Regulatory attribute, organizations demonstrated considerable attention to monitoring, inspection, testing, and protective equipment. However, in the Internal Voluntary category, while employee health and satisfaction were highly valued, environmental audits received minimal focus. This study underscores the need for a unified framework to systematically assess and address the environmental impacts of manufacturing organizations. By establishing such a framework, organizations can better align their operations with sustainable practices. This research represents an ongoing effort to develop a standardized approach to natural environment assessment in industrial contexts.
Keywords:	Natural environment, Manufacturing corporation, Effect on natural environment, Corporate organization in Chittagong, Sustainability
JEL:	F42 F6 N6 N60
Date:	2025–01–02
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:123414

By:	Gaël Giraud (CES - Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Paul Valcke (GEJP - Georgetown Environmental Justice Program [Washington] - GU - Georgetown University [Washington])
Abstract:	Abstract Designing policy for global warming requires an integrated analysis of the interplay between the economy and the environment. The consensus is growing that, despite their dominance in the economics literature and their influence in public discussion and policymaking, the methodology employed so far by most Integrated Assessment Models (iams) ‘rests on flawed foundations' (Stiglitz et al. 2016). This is particularly worrisome in the face of the immense risks and challenges of global warming and the radical changes in our economies that an effective response requires. This paper introduces an alternative paradigm, IDEE (Integrated Dynamics Environment-Economy), based on coupling a medium-size climate model with nonlinear, out-of-equilibrium, stock-flow-consistent macroeconomic dynamics in continuous time. IDEE allows for multiple economic steady states, endogeneous business cycles, endogenous growth, corporate default, and the short- and long-run assessment of various mitigation and adaptation policies. We argue that this approach is suitable for providing insights into managing the transition to net-zero emissions and coping with damages induced by the ecological crisis.
Abstract:	L'élaboration d'une politique de lutte contre le réchauffement climatique nécessite une analyse intégrée de l'interaction entre l'économie et l'environnement. Il est de plus en plus admis que, malgré leur domination dans la littérature économique et leur influence dans le débat public et l'élaboration des politiques, la méthodologie employée jusqu'à présent par la plupart des modèles d'évaluation intégrée (MEI) « repose sur des bases erronées » (Stiglitz et al. 2016). Ceci est particulièrement inquiétant face aux risques et défis immenses du réchauffement climatique et aux changements radicaux de nos économies qu'une réponse efficace requiert. Cet article présente un paradigme alternatif, IDEE (Integrated Dynamics Environment-Economy), basé sur le couplage d'un modèle climatique de taille moyenne avec une dynamique macroéconomique non linéaire, hors équilibre, cohérente avec les flux de stocks en temps continu. IDEE permet des états stables économiques multiples, des cycles économiques endogènes, une croissance endogène, des défaillances d'entreprises et l'évaluation à court et à long terme de diverses politiques d'atténuation et d'adaptation. Nous soutenons que cette approche est adaptée à la gestion de la transition vers des émissions nettes nulles et à la gestion des dommages induits par la crise écologique.
Keywords:	climate change, extreme risk, market imperfections, climate policy, integrated assessment, stock-flow consistency
Date:	2023–02–01
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04872596

By:	Vinícius da Silva Centeno
Abstract:	This work aims to develop an analytical model that addresses the transition to a low-carbon economy by interplaying demand-driven dynamics and energy supply constraints. As the modeling of energy production in the ecological macroeconomics literature has been addressed within supplydriven growth models, the novelty of this article lies in integrating the energy sector into a demandled growth framework. On the growth side, our model follows the Sraffian supermultiplier literature (Serrano, 1995). On the energy side, it draws inspiration from Bernardo and D’Alessandro (2016), explicitly modeling energy production from renewable sources. We assume business-as-usual and green government expenditures are sources of autonomous demand, with investment and capital stock composed of green and conventional components, respectively. The growth and energy sides of the model are connected through a green investment equation, which embodies a constraint on green capital stock accumulation given by the availability of renewable energy. Therefore, the growth dynamics are demand-driven, but the feasibility of the ecological transition is supply-constrained. Numerical simulations demonstrate that scenarios combining green fiscal policy and low growth are more conducive to promoting the energy transition, aligned with post-growth approaches.
Keywords:	Ecological macroeconomics; demand-led growth; energy transition; mission-oriented policy Jel Classification:Q57; E11; E12; E62; P28
Date:	2024–12
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:usi:wpaper:922

By:	José Alberto Fuinhas (Faculty of Economics, and Centre for Business and Economics Research (CeBER), University of Coimbra); Asif Javed (School of Advanced Studies, University of G. D'Annunzio Chieti-Pescara); Dario Sciulli (Department of Economic Studies, University of G. D'Annunzio Chieti-Pescara); Edilio Valentini (Department of Economic Studies, University of G. D'Annunzio Chieti-Pescara)
Abstract:	Governments across the globe are implementing stricter environmental policies to combat climate change and promote sustainability. This study contributes to the growing literature exploring the influence of environmental policy on skill-biased employment across various occupations. Specifically, we examine the causal effect of the revised version of Environmental Policy Stringency Index (EPS) and its components on skill-biased employment, focusing on occupations such as managers, professionals, technicians, and manual workers across 21 European economies from 2008 to 2020. Using the Method of Moments Quantile Regression (MMQR), the findings reveal that stringent environmental policies affect employment shares across different occupational categories. Skilled workers tend to benefit more from such policies, with a notable increase in the employment of professionals across all policy measures and a more differentiated impact among technicians and managers. In contrast, manual workers are generally adversely affected by environmental policies. These asymmetric effects on occupations exacerbate labour market inequalities, including disparities in employment levels and potential earnings. This research highlights the importance of designing tailored policies to mitigate adverse labour market outcomes while facilitating a transition to sustainable economic practices.
Keywords:	Environmental policy stringency, Skilled workers, Employment, Method of Moments Quantile Regression
JEL:	Q58 J24
Date:	2025–01
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fem:femwpa:2025.02

By:	Muñoz-Torres, María Jesús; Ferrero-Ferrero, Idoya; Gisbert- Navarro, José Vicente; Rivera-Lirio, Juana María
Abstract:	The objective of this research is to analyze the inherent complexity associated with decision-making concerning food losses and waste prevention or reduction, considering a multi-stakeholder approach and the possibility of contradictory environmental impact results derived from different solutions. This research defines six scenarios with the support of expert knowledge to assess the environmental impact of food loss and waste prevention and reduction (FLWPR) solutions that cover food valorization, redistribution and consumer behavioral change. After applying life cycle assessment consistent with the Environmental Footprint methodology, the results are fine-tuned with three groups of stakeholders’ preferences: decision-makers, experts and business students. Although the perceptions of the three groups are different across several impact categories, the proposed aggregated environmental impact indicator reveals minimal changes in the prioritization of scenarios among the three group of stakeholders and shows that it is possible to choose the best option while minimizing environmental impacts from an aggregated perspective. Analyzing the detailed results, the values of the impact categories show contradictory outcomes, i.e. when a specific solution is implemented, some impact categories worsen while others improve. This requires deciding to what extent and which aspects the decision-makers are willing to sacrifice, as these choices can influence the decision on the best option. This study includes two novelties, the dual perspective, which combines technical information and stakeholder preferences, and the proposal of an assessment method that assigns the environmental load to the quantities of product consumed, instead of assigning it to the total quantity produced through a balancing process.
Keywords:	Food losses and waste; Food losses and waste prevention and reduction solution; environmental life cycle assessment; sustainable food system.
JEL:	Q56
Date:	2025–01–01
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:123335

By:	Benfica, Rui; Davis, Kristin E.; Oulu, Martin; Termote, Céline; Fadda, Carlo
Abstract:	Key takeaways â€¢ True cost accounting allows for the measurement of hidden impacts of food production on the environment, human health, and society. â€¢ Our findings show that at the national level for all crop sectors: o Social costs account for 90% and environmental for 10% of external cost structure. o Major social cost sources are underpayment, child labor, and occupational health risks. o Major environmental cost sources are land-use expansion and climate change. â€¢ Findings at farm level in NATURE+ Initiative sites in Kajiado, Kisumu, and Vihiga, for the crop sector show that: o Direct costs (70% of true costs) are predominantly hired labor and seed costs o External costs represent about 30% of the true costs o Social externalities costs (84%) are greater than environmental costs (16%) o Forced labor is the most important impact, followed by child labor, underpayment, and gender wage gaps o Environmental externalities include land occupation (land use) and soil degradation
Keywords:	true cost accounting; food production; crops; climate change; labour; Africa; Eastern Africa; Sub-Saharan Africa; Kenya
Date:	2024
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:cgiarp:163383

By:	Shi, Yue (Dept. of Business and Management Science, Norwegian School of Economics); Berentsen, Geir Drage (Dept. of Business and Management Science, Norwegian School of Economics); Otneim, Håkon (Dept. of Business and Management Science, Norwegian School of Economics)
Abstract:	Climate change has posed significant challenges to socioeconomic systems across the world, with the insurance industry at the forefront of facing climate risks. Recognizing the growing importance of climate risk management in insurance practices, this study investigates the impact of weather events on water-related home insurance claims by utilizing a unique dataset from a leading Norwegian insurance company. We propose an effective statistical model to address the zero-inflation and over-dispersion inherent in claim count data and introduce a retrospective approach to reconstruct historical claim profiles leveraging high-resolution weather data. Our results reveal geographical variations in weather-related risks for home insurance in two largest Norwegian cities and identify seasonal patterns in insurance claims. Furthermore, we evaluate both reactive and proactive pricing strategies based on the retrospective analysis, providing actionable insights for insurers to adjust premiums in response to evolving climate risks. This research offers a robust framework for integrating weather data into actuarial modeling and contributes to the adaptation of the insurance industry to a changing climate.
Keywords:	Climate risk; weather-related insurance claims; retrospective study; premium pricing
JEL:	C34 C40 G22
Date:	2025–01–31
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:nhhfms:2025_003

By:	Anna Schulze-Tilling
Abstract:	Carbon labels have been shown to reduce the carbon footprint of consumption choices in several contexts. But are they also an effective policy tool? This depends on how the reductions produced by carbon labels relate to what can be achieved with the alternative policy tools we have available. This paper establishes a comparison to carbon taxes, using several field experiments in the student canteen. I estimate that carbon labels reduce carbon emissions by approx. 4%, and that a carbon tax of €120 per ton would be needed to achieve similar reductions with price changes alone. This comparison conveys that carbon labels are relatively effective: €120 per ton exceeds current EU ETS trading prices by more than 150% and is three times the current German carbon tax on gasoline. Furthermore, I provide evidence that the main reason carbon labels are effective is not that they are able to correct consumers’ misperceptions about carbon footprints. Instead, they appear to primarily influence consumers by directing attention towards carbon emissions at the moment of choice.
Keywords:	carbon footprint, food consumption, welfare, behavioral intervention, field experiment
JEL:	D12 C91 C93 Q18
Date:	2025–01
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bon:boncrc:crctr224_2025_639

By:	Baziar, Aliasghar; Askari, Mohammadreza; Taherianfard, Elahe; Heydari, Mohammad Hossein; Niknam, Taher
Abstract:	Optimizing energy and water consumption in smart buildings is a critical challenge for enhancing sustainability and reducing operational costs. This paper presents a Cyber-Physical System (CPS) framework that integrates Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) and Genetic Algorithms (GA) for real-time decision-making and resource optimization. The system leverages IoT sensors and actuators to monitor and control building systems such as HVAC, lighting, and water management, continuously adjusting parameters to minimize resource consumption while maximizing efficiency. Key findings from the implementation of the DRL + GA framework include up to 20% reductions in energy and water consumption compared to traditional methods. The proposed approach demonstrates significant cost savings and improved system performance, showcasing its effectiveness in real-time optimization. Additionally, the system adapts dynamically to fluctuating conditions such as weather, occupancy, and energy demand. This work contributes to the development of sustainable building management strategies and lays the foundation for smart city applications. The integration of DRL and GA provides a promising solution for optimizing resource allocation and advancing energy efficiency in urban infrastructures.
Keywords:	yber-Physical System (CPS), Smart Buildings, Energy Optimization, Water Consumption, Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL), Genetic Algorithms (GA), Real-Time Decision-Making, Resource Efficiency, Sustainability, IoT Sensors and Actuators
JEL:	Q00 Q4 Q40 Q47 Q5 Q56
Date:	2024–11
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:123270

By:	Takeshima, Hiroyuki; Yamauchi, Futoshi; Dauda, Bawa; Balana, Bedru
Abstract:	Modern cooling technologies, including cold storage, have been considered one of the critical tools to address increasingly complex challenges in agrifood systems in developing countries, including poverty, economic growth, food loss and waste, food and nutrition security, and environmental sustainability (e.g., IFPRI 2020; Kashyap & Agarwal 2020). Cold storage can minimize most human pathogens, ensuring enhanced food safety (Uçar & Özçelik 2013; Kopp & Mishra 2022) and contribute to increased consumption of micronutrient-rich horticulture crops (Schreinemachers et al. 2018). Cooling technologies can also improve market functions by enabling higher and more stable prices received by suppliers (Rakshit 2011; Schreinemachers et al. 2018) and reducing losses (Allen & de Brauw 2018). Cooling-chain development has been a significant part of food system transformation outside Africa South of the Sahara (SSA) (IFPRI 2020). Similar technologies may become more broadly relevant in SSA in the near future (Tschirley et al. 2015). Traditionally, the use of cold storage has been constrained by high energy consumption and adverse environmental effects like carbon emissions (Pueyo et al. 2020; Steyn et al. 2016). However, a growing set of potential energy solutions are being proposed and introduced on a pilot basis, including solar power (Takeshima et al. 2023).
Keywords:	agrifood systems; agricultural technology; capacity development; cold storage; cooling; horticulture
Date:	2024
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:cgiarp:163560

By:	Caterina Cruciani (University of Ca’ Foscari [Venice, Italy]); Carlo Romano Marcello Alessandro Santagiustina (Sciences Po - Sciences Po, University of Ca’ Foscari [Venice, Italy])
Abstract:	To show how pre-contractual documents are currently employed to disclose sustainability and ESG-related information, we map and examine the contents of 945 Key Investor Information Documents (KIIDs) from ten major asset managers, including sustainable and non-sustainable funds. Through a Structural Topic Modelling approach, we infer sustainability-related topics and compare their contents and prevalence in different sections of these documents. Sustainability is a cross-cutting and multifaceted issue, discussed coherently with the SFDR fund classification across multiple sections of the KIID, making the option to convey sustainable information in a single section complex to implement.
Abstract:	Pour montrer comment les documents pré-contractuels sont actuellement utilisés pour divulguer des informations liées à la durabilité et aux critères ESG, nous cartographions et examinons le contenu de 945 Documents d'Information Clé pour l'Investisseur (DICI) provenant de dix grands gestionnaires d'actifs, incluant des fonds durables et non durables. Grâce à une approche de Modélisation Thématique Structurale (STM), nous déduisons les sujets liés à la durabilité et comparons leur contenu et leur prévalence dans différentes sections de ces documents. La durabilité est une question transversale et multifacette, abordée de manière cohérente avec la classification des fonds SFDR à travers plusieurs sections du DICI, rendant complexe la possibilité de transmettre les informations durables dans une seule section.
Keywords:	KIID, KID, ESG, Sustainability, SFDR, Structural topic modelling, Precontractual documents, Sustainability Dimensions, ESG criteria, ESG investing, Environmental Social Governance ESG scores
Date:	2023–12
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04874589

By:	Houda Alhoussari (Prince Sultan University [Riyad], IODE - Institut de l'Ouest : Droit et Europe - UR - Université de Rennes - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)
Abstract:	This study explores the integration of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) principles into corporate practices, focusing on the methodologies used for their evaluation and the factors influencing their adoption. Through a qualitative and comparative analysis of European and Saudi Arabian contexts, the research examines how companies align their strategies with ESG requirements in diverse regulatory and cultural environments. Data is drawn from established ESG rating agencies, corporate sustainability reports, and case studies, allowing for a thorough investigation of internal and external evaluation processes and their implications for ESG scores. The study identifies key challenges in ESG implementation, including ambiguities in definitions, resource disparities, sector-specific considerations, and resistance due to cost or unfavorable ratings. It also highlights the role of legal and regulatory frameworks, such as the ESG Disclosure Guidelines introduced by the Saudi Capital Market Authority and global standards like the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI), in shaping corporate ESG practices. Recommendations emphasize the need for standardized evaluation criteria, targeted support for smaller enterprises, and stronger legal frameworks to promote transparency and compliance. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of ESG dynamics and provide actionable insights for advancing corporate sustainability on a global scale.
Keywords:	Environmental Social and Governance (ESG), Corporate Sustainability, Corporate Accountability and Transparency, Evaluation Methodologies, Companies
Date:	2025
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04883833

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

By:	Andrea Bastianin (Department of Economics, Management, and Quantitative Methods, University of Milan and Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei); Xiao Li (Department of Economics, Management, and Quantitative Methods, University of Milan; Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei and University of Pavia); Luqman Shamsudin (Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei and Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan)
Abstract:	The transition to a cleaner energy mix, essential for achieving net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050, will significantly increase demand for metals critical to renewable energy technologies. Energy Transition Metals (ETMs), including copper, lithium, nickel, cobalt, and rare earth elements, are indispensable for renewable energy generation and the electrification of global economies. However, their markets are characterized by high price volatility due to supply concentration, low substitutability, and limited price elasticity. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the price volatility of ETMs, a subset of Critical Raw Materials (CRMs). Using a combination of exploratory data analysis, data reduction, and visualization methods, we identify key features for accurate point and density forecasts. We evaluate various volatility models, including Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) and Stochastic Volatility (SV) models, to determine their forecasting performance. Our findings reveal significant heterogeneity in ETM volatility patterns, which challenge standard groupings by data providers and geological classifications. The results contribute to the literature on CRM economics and commodity volatility, offering novel insights into the complex dynamics of ETM markets and the modeling of their returns and volatilities.
Keywords:	Critical Raw Materials, Energy Transition, Features, Volatility, Forecasting, Density forecasts
JEL:	C22 C53 C58 Q02 Q30 Q42
Date:	2025–01
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fem:femwpa:2025.04

By:	Jaecheol Lee; Andrew J. Wilson; Solomon M. Hsiang
Abstract:	Particulate matter (PM) is a major, clinically important air pollutant. A large portion of emitted PM crosses borders, damaging health outside of its originating jurisdiction, but due in part to technical obstacles these pollutant flows remain unregulated. Proposed attribution approaches assume that units of PM originating in different jurisdictions cause the same harm, despite a widespread understanding that differing chemical and physical features of PM could generate distinct health effects. We use an atmospheric model to decompose the origins of PM individuals are exposed to at each location in South Korea, the nexus of one of the world's most contentious transboundary air pollution disputes, every day during 2005–2016. We then link these data to universal healthcare records in an econometric analysis that simultaneously measures and accounts for harms from seven types of PM, each from a distinct origin. We discover that the health harm of a unit of transboundary PM is approximately 5× (North Korea) and 2.6× (China) greater than a unit of PM originating within South Korea, and that health responses to PM from natural sources differs from those to anthropogenic sources. Because harms differ by origin, we compute that transboundary sources contribute only 43% of anthropogenic PM exposure in South Korea but generate over 70% of its associated respiratory health costs. Our results suggest that PM should be treated as a mixture of distinct pollutants, each with a unique measurable impact on human health.
JEL:	C80 F18 H51 H79 H87 I1 I18 Q52 Q53 R11
Date:	2025–01
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:33379

By:	Podestá, Andrea
Abstract:	Los países de América Latina y el Caribe presentan una alta vulnerabilidad al cambio climático, lo que deriva en que la política fiscal sea fundamental para garantizar un futuro sostenible y resiliente. La medición del gasto público relacionado con el cambio climático es esencial para gestionar de forma eficiente los recursos y para evaluar el avance de las políticas climáticas y los compromisos internacionales, como los referentes al Acuerdo de París y a los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible. Este proceso requiere la movilización de recursos significativos, lo que puede facilitarse mediante el etiquetado del presupuesto climático. Dado que las cuestiones climáticas abarcan diversas áreas, ministerios y funciones de gobierno, en este informe se adopta un enfoque transversal y se analizan el gasto y la inversión pública para la adaptación al cambio climático y su mitigación en seis países de América Latina: Argentina, Colombia, Honduras, México, Nicaragua y Perú. Además, se plantean orientaciones para fortalecer las estadísticas de gasto público climático, proporcionando una visión integral y un panorama actualizado de las finanzas públicas para abordar los desafíos en materia climática.
Date:	2024–12–24
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecr:col022:81149

By:	Greenland , William (University of Sydney); Toth , Russell (University of Sydney)
Abstract:	This paper examines the resilience of micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) in Fiji against the economic impacts of major shocks including the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and climate-related hazards, using a survey of 2, 400 MSMEs from early 2023. The analysis focuses on the effectiveness of government concessional loans in aiding pandemic recovery and evaluates MSMEs’ strategies for climate resilience. Findings indicate that while government support has been pivotal in mitigating pandemic-related economic downturns, its effectiveness is varied, highlighting the necessity of accessible and targeted financial support. Furthermore, experiences with natural hazards significantly influence MSMEs’ future resilience strategies, with a notable preference for self-funding recovery efforts among MSMEs that had experienced a significant climate-related disaster. The study underscores the importance of integrating immediate financial support with long-term climate adaptation strategies for MSMEs, offering insights for policy formulation aimed at enhancing economic resilience in emerging markets in the Pacific and beyond.
Keywords:	micro; small; and medium-sized enterprises; COVID-19 pandemic; concessional loans; climate resilience; Fiji
JEL:	L53 O56 Q54
Date:	2025–01–29
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:adbewp:0765

By:	Gilles Dufrénot (Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, AMSE, Marseille and CEPII); Edem Egnikpo (Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, AMSE, Marseille)
Abstract:	We propose a new approach to measure the sensitivity of economic growth to natural disasters in developing countries at different time horizons (short, medium, and long term). We allow for heterogeneous effects across growth regimes and intensities of disaster shocks using quantile-on-quantile regressions and wavelet decomposition. Our findings yield several insights. First, small disaster shocks boost GDP per capita growth in low-growth countries across all horizons. By contrast, in high-growth countries, such shocks cause sharp short-term growth declines, followed by a rapid recovery in the medium term, albeit without regaining the pre-disaster growth trajectory in the long term. Second, severe disaster shocks lead to long-term growth losses in highgrowth countries, despite their initial resilience. Conversely, low-growth countries experience immediate and persistent growth declines that worsen over time. Third, the role of macroeconomic variables in mitigating or amplifying growth losses varies depending on the growth regime, disaster severity, and time horizon.
Keywords:	Natural Disasters, growth, developing countries, quantile-on-quantile
JEL:	C50 O44 Q54
Date:	2024–12
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aim:wpaimx:2437

By:	Anne de Bortoli
Abstract:	Despite the ever-growing massive consumption of aggregates, knowledge about their environmental footprint is limited. My literature review on virgin aggregate Life Cycle Assessments (LCA) highlighted many shortcomings, such as low-quality inputs and fragmented system boundaries, and estimated that gravel consumption is responsible for 0.17 to 1.8 percent of the global carbon footprint. I thus developed comprehensive LCAs, based on field data collected from quarries in Quebec producing annually 7 million tons of aggregates, representing different types of rocks, productions (mobile, fixed), and energies consumed, using ecoinvent 3.7 and TRACI characterization method. Results show that the often-forgotten blasting and machinery are major contributors to several impact categories, along with diesel consumption. The link between the nature of the rock and the environmental impacts of aggregates is demonstrated for the first time: the harder it is, the more exposive it requires, thus increasing the impacts. Moreover, the more abrasive the rock is, the faster it wears out machinery, generating higher maintenance that increases human and ecosystem toxicities. A pronounced sensitivity of the impacts to the electricity mix is also shown based on a scenario analysis carried on Europe, China, and different Canadian and American regions. Additionally, aggregate transportation to the consumer, modeled with tailored inventories, can more than double the impact of the aggregate at the gates of the quarry, with strong regional variability. In a near future, I call for considering consistent system boundaries in aggregate LCA, refining blasting, energy consumption, machinery manufacturing and maintenance, as well as customizing truck transportation models, for more reliable aggregate LCAs.
Date:	2025–01
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2501.10457

By:	Elliott, Rebecca
Abstract:	In the United States, individual and collective economic well-being is closely tied to homeownership. But there is an emerging set of complex issues where climate impacts intersect with housing markets. As climate disasters hit with greater intensity and frequency, the economic effects will be felt not only as the underlying assets are damaged or destroyed, but also as those experiences, and expectations of similar ones to come, are “priced in” to the judgments of what homes in floodplains, on the storm-exposed coasts, and in the wildland-urban interface are worth. Drawing on scholarship on economic valuation, racism and housing markets, and homeownership in American political economy and culture, I outline a sociology of property value that can help us to approach this matter analytically as it unfolds empirically. This approach allows us to better see how social actors will shape the climate-changed world by determining whether, how, and with what effects property values change. I illustrate these potential contributions through application to a court case in which the question of what, precisely, was happening to property value—and whether, by extension, proximity to the water is an amenity or a risk—was the primary point of contention. The implications open onto fundamental questions about the future of safe and secure housing in a climate-changed United States.
Keywords:	homeownership; United States; climate change; property value; valuation
JEL:	R14 J01
Date:	2024–12–24
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:125922

By:	Denis Bailly (AMURE - Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer - IFREMER - Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - UBO - Université de Brest - IUEM - Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers - UBO - Université de Brest - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, IUEM - Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers - UBO - Université de Brest - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UBO - Université de Brest); Mathieu Perona (CEPREMAP - Centre pour la recherche économique et ses applications - ECO ENS-PSL - Département d'économie de l'ENS-PSL - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres); Laura Recuero Virto (CRG I3 - Centre de recherche en gestion I3 - X - École polytechnique - IP Paris - Institut Polytechnique de Paris - I3 - Institut interdisciplinaire de l’innovation - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, EMLV - École de management Léonard de Vinci); Maxime Sèbe (CRG I3 - Centre de recherche en gestion I3 - X - École polytechnique - IP Paris - Institut Polytechnique de Paris - I3 - Institut interdisciplinaire de l’innovation - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Fabien Yao (CRG I3 - Centre de recherche en gestion I3 - X - École polytechnique - IP Paris - Institut Polytechnique de Paris - I3 - Institut interdisciplinaire de l’innovation - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)
Abstract:	This policy brief highlights the insights subjective well-being metrics bring to the understanding of the relationship between consumption and happiness. We explore this topic in the advent of expected significant price increases under the double impact of higher climate volatility and the costly transition to cleaner production and transportation technologies, as is the case with maritime transport. People appear to be sensitive to price increases, on top of the real purchasing power of price and income changes regarding their happiness. Moreover, the type of consumption matters, with a lower marginal effect of material consumption on wellbeing compared to experiential consumption. Health, social relationships, and local environment are considered as main drivers of their wellbeing and de-emphasise consumption. A key outcome is that the gains of additional consumption decrease with the level of consumption, making consumption reductions less painful at the upper end of the revenue scale. Rich societies should be actively working on further decoupling material consumption and well-being by consciously exposing the elusive nature of the well-being boost we get from conspicuous consumption (goods others can readily observe: car, clothing, house, watches) and provide incentives for more socially and environmentally responsible modes of consumption.
Abstract:	Cette note politique met en lumière les perspectives que les mesures subjectives du bien-être apportent à la compréhension de la relation entre consommation et bonheur. Nous explorons ce sujet alors que l'on s'attend à des augmentations de prix significatives sous le double impact d'une plus grande volatilité du climat et d'une transition coûteuse vers des technologies de production et de transport plus propres, comme c'est le cas pour le transport maritime. Les consommateurs semblent être sensibles aux augmentations de prix, en plus du pouvoir d'achat réel et des fluctuations de revenus qui influencent leur bonheur. En outre, le type de consommation a son importance ; l'effet marginal de la consommation matérielle sur le bien-être étant plus faible que celui de la consommation expérientielle. La santé, les relations sociales et l'environnement local sont considérés comme les principaux moteurs de leur bien-être, au détriment de la consommation. Il en résulte que les gains d'une consommation supplémentaire diminuent avec le niveau de consommation, ce qui rend les réductions de consommation moins douloureuses à l'extrémité supérieure de l'échelle des revenus. Les sociétés riches devraient s'employer activement à découpler davantage la consommation matérielle et le bien-être en exposant consciemment la nature insaisissable de l'augmentation du bien-être que nous procure la consommation ostentatoire (biens que les autres peuvent facilement observer : voitures, vêtements, maisons, montres) et en offrant des incitations à des modes de consommation plus responsables d'un point de vue social et environnemental.
Keywords:	Policy Brief, Consumption, Technology, Wellbeing, Maritime Transport, Happiness, Climate impact, Environmental impact, Capitalism, Human Health, Marine biodiversity
Date:	2023–12–18
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04851069

By:	Abdelati El Arfaoui (UMI - جامعة مولاي إسماعيل = Université Moulay Ismaïl); Nouredine Marchoud (UMI - جامعة مولاي إسماعيل = Université Moulay Ismaïl)
Abstract:	Companies are currently focusing on activities that increasingly benefit stakeholders, within the framework of corporate responsibility (CSR). Moreover, environmental, social and governance (ESG) aspects are the main dimensions of corporate responsibility practices and efforts.Companies engage in ESG activities in order to signal their compliance to the market, but also to improve their financial returns. However, the link between ESG performance and financial performance is not yet well established. Our analysis seeks to synthesise the literature on the following theme: ESG performance and its impact on financial performance. We therefore seek to better understand the relationship between the financial performance of companies and CSR activities (in terms of ESG performance).In other words, can the allocation of company resources to environmental, social and governance (ESG) aspects be a source of improved financial performance for the benefit of the company and its stakeholders? As part of a systematic literature review and in order to shed light on this question, we analysed the content of 63 articles identified as dealingwith the relationship between ESG performance and financial performance. This analysis shows that although most of the studies carried out indicate a positive relationship, others have concluded the existence of negative or even mixed relationships. It therefore confirms the need for more in-depth research into this relationship and the variables that may influence it.
Abstract:	Actuellement les entreprises se donnent aux activités qui profitent de plus en plus aux parties prenantes, dans le cadre de la responsabilité des entreprises (RSE). Et les aspects environnementaux, sociaux et de gouvernance (ESG) sont les principales dimensions des pratiques et des efforts de responsabilité des entreprises. Les entreprises s'engagent dans des activités ESG afin de signaler leur conformité sur le marché, mais aussi pour améliorer leurs rendements financiers. Cependant, le lien entre performance ESG et performance financière n'est pas encore bien déterminée. Notre analyse cherche à synthétiser la littérature sur le thème suivant : la performance ESG est son impact sur la performance financière. Et donc chercher à mieux cerner la relation ente la performance financière des entreprises et les activités de RSE (sous l'aspect de la performance ESG).En d'autres termes, l'allocation des ressources de l'entreprise aux aspects environnementaux, sociaux et de gouvernance (ESG) peut-elle être une source d'amélioration de la performance financière au profit de l'entreprise et de ses parties prenantes ? Dans le cadre d'une revue de littérature systématique et afin d'apporter un éclairage sur cette question, nous avons analysé le contenu de 63 articles identifiés traitant la relation entre la performance ESG et la performance financière. Cette analyse montre que même si la plupart des études menées indiquent une relation positive, d'autre ont conclus l'existence de relations négatives voir mitigées. Elle confirme donc la nécessité de recherches plus approfondies concernant cette relation ainsi que les variables qui peuvent l'influencer.
Keywords:	Sustainable development, corporate social responsibility, ESG performance, financial performance, Développement durable, Responsabilité sociale des entreprises, performance ESG, performance financière
Date:	2024
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04864136

By:	Mohiuddin, Hossain; Fukushige, Tatsuya; Fitch-Polse, Dillon
Abstract:	Micromobility options such as electric bike-share and scooter-share services are a fundamental part of the existing shared mobility landscape. Research has shown that micromobility use can reduce car dependence. This is accomplished through trip-level mode replacement and adjustments in mode-use configurations in daily travel. Understanding the full potential of micromobility services as a car replacement can help cities better plan for the services to meet environmental sustainability goals. Researchers at the University of California, Davis collected GPS-based travel diary data from individual micromobility users from 48 cities in the US and examined their travel behavior and micromobility use patterns. They found thatmicromobility services can displace car use. Toachieve environmental sustainability goals, cities must pursue options that will deliver benefits, such as micromobility services. This policy brief summarizes the findings from that research and provides policy implications. View the NCST Project Webpage
Keywords:	Social and Behavioral Sciences, Bicycles, micromobility, modal split, scooters, travel surveys, vehicle miles of travel, vehicle sharing
Date:	2025–02–01
URL:	https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:itsdav:qt91w588s7