TEN LOOSENING-UP EXERCISES

1 Draw a spiral pattern moving across the page in a clockwise direction. The pencil should move from top to bottom.

2 Change direction and draw the spiral anti-clockwise moving the pencil from bottom to top.

3 Draw an ellipse (oval) moving the pencil anti-clockwise. Don’t worry about making the perfect ellipse, just draw over and over the same shape.

4 Draw another ellipse in a clockwise direction. Creating a continuous flowing movement is important.

5 Using the same technique, draw large circles moving the pencil in an anti-clockwise direction.

6 Draw circles in a clockwise direction. Again, focus on fluid movement.

Try an up-and-down zigzag pattern that moves horizontally across the page. Throughout the zigzag, increase and decrease pressure on the pencil to darken and lighten