When we ‘zoom out’ from death-related statistics to consider the myriad forms of losses experienced by young people, it seems feasible to assume that nearly every classroom comprises students (and teachers) who are grieving.

Loss influences learning and cognition, as brain-based changes cast ripple effects throughout one’s body and behaviour. For example, “If someone close to us dies ... based on what we know about object-trace cells, our neurons still fire every time we expect our loved one to be in the room,” writes psychology professor Mary-Frances O’Connor.

Grief causes a fight-or-flight stress response, as well as a depressive response, confirms neurologist Lisa Shulman. Since stress hormones dampen the functioning of the prefrontal cortex (the part of the brain that holds primary responsibility for higher-order functioning like impulse control, emotional