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    Oak Lane, Olney, and Logan
    Oak Lane, Olney, and Logan
    Oak Lane, Olney, and Logan
    Ebook192 pages45 minutes

    Oak Lane, Olney, and Logan

    By Marita Krivda Poxon, Rachel Hildebrandt and Old York Road Historical Society

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    The northern neighborhoods of Philadelphia, which include East Oak Lane, West Oak Lane, Olney, Logan, and Fern Rock, were first settled in the late 1600s and gradually evolved into distinct communities. Old York Road and other historical roadways connected the local farms, mills, and estates to adjoining Philadelphia and Germantown. Images of America: Oak Lane, Olney, and Logan is the first book to chronicle the history of these neighborhoods through rare photographs gathered from a variety of private and public collections. Pictured are the schools, churches, businesses, theaters, hospitals, row houses, and apartment buildings that characterize the area, as well as the estates of notables, including James Logan, Fannie Kemble, Charles Wilson Peale, Joseph Wharton, and T. Henry Asbury.
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherArcadia Publishing
    Release dateJan 17, 2011
    ISBN9781439639054
    Oak Lane, Olney, and Logan
    Author

    Marita Krivda Poxon

    Author Marita Krivda Poxon is a medical librarian in Philadelphia and has published on local medical history and historical Oak Lane architecture. Coauthor Rachel Hildebrandt is a graduate student at the University of Pennsylvania with interests in architectural history and historical preservation. They collaborated with the Old York Road Historical Society, which was founded in 1936 to study and perpetuate the history of the communities along and adjacent to the Old York Road.

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      Oak Lane, Olney, and Logan - Marita Krivda Poxon

      (FLP.)

      INTRODUCTION

      The present-day neighborhoods of East Oak Lane, West Oak Lane, Olney, Fern Rock, and Logan share a connected history. They comprise an area that was originally known as Bristol Township in Philadelphia County. The township was bounded north to south by Cheltenham Avenue and the Wingohocking Creek and east to west by the Tacony Creek and Germantown Borough. The first European settler, Quaker Samuel Carpenter, acquired land from William Penn in 1683. He and other settlers transformed the wooded landscape into farmland with small villages at major intersections. The Philadelphia region was often described as the best poor man’s country in the world because the land was fertile and the climate moderate. Farmers grew a wide variety of produce, and they exported their goods to the city.

      As the 18th century progressed, mills producing manufactured goods developed along the Tacony and Wingohocking Creeks. Some of the major mills were located in Grubbtown, Whitaker Mills, Wakefield Mills, and Rowland’s Mills. The early roads, such as the Old York Road, the Kensington-Oxford Turnpike (now Rising Sun Avenue), and Olney Road (now Tabor Road) connected Bristol Township to neighboring areas. Villages formed where the roads intersected. Old village names included Branchtown, Milestown, Grubbtown, Wentzville, and Pittville.

      On February 2, 1854, Pennsylvania enacted the Consolidation Act of 1854, which incorporated Philadelphia County’s 13 townships, 9 districts, and 6 boroughs into the city. Prior to the Consolidation Act, the majority of Philadelphia County’s citizens lived beyond the city’s borders, which were Vine and South Streets and the Schuylkill and Delaware Rivers. The Consolidation Act abolished the governing structures of the municipalities and consolidated government into a single entity, the City and County of Philadelphia. In addition, consolidation resulted in increased tax revenue, the reorganization of the Philadelphia police department, and the creation of the board of surveyors that created a comprehensive city plan. Essentially, the city plan extended William Penn’s grid to the county borders. As development occurred throughout the county during the remainder of the century and well into the 20th century, the City rolled out the grid, demolishing obstacles and paving new streets. Many historic sites were lost, most significantly Solitude in Logan (1903), Champlost in Olney (1909), and Butler Place in West Oak Lane (1925). Simultaneously, several creeks and watercourses, like Logan’s Wingohocking Creek, Olney’s Rock Run Creek, and East Oak Lane’s Saw Mill Creek, were forced underground into sewers to make way for development.

      The advent of steam transportation and later electric- and gasoline-powered transportation hastened residential development, and industry and institutions followed. The railroads, the Philadelphia Traction Company’s trolleys, the arterial roads (especially Old York Road and Broad Street), and eventually the Broad Street Subway made Oak Lane, Olney, Fern Rock, and Logan accessible and attractive to developers and families. Until this time, the villages of the former Bristol Township shared the common characteristics of large homesteads, farms, mills, schools, and churches. However, as development progressed, the neighborhoods were crafted by developers and the distinctive characteristics of today’s communities took root. In East Oak Lane, homebuilders erected mostly large, elaborate detached houses. In contrast, in Olney, Fern Rock, Logan, and West Oak Lane, developers erected mostly row houses. Affordable row houses made the American dream of home ownership possible for many Philadelphians.

      In the decades following World War II, Oak Lane, Olney, Logan, and Fern Rock experienced a decline related to the loss of industry and the subsequent population migration to the suburbs. To varying degrees, each neighborhood was confronted with the challenges and issues that many urban areas in the Northeast have faced.

      Today there are efforts throughout the area to energize the neighborhoods and business districts through community associations that aim to build upon each area’s unique history and character. East Oak Lane is characterized by large, elaborate houses of various styles and grand churches. West Oak Lane boasts houses of practically every size and style, several commercial corridors, and the annual West Oak Lane Jazz Festival. Olney and Fern Rock are distinguished by their history of community spirit and cultural diversity. Logan is the home of notable institutions and schools.

      Oak Lane, Olney, Fern Rock, and Logan share a common past as Bristol Township. And, despite the changes that have taken place, each of these neighborhoods is teeming with history. The story of their evolution and development into diverse and vibrant communities is consonant with the stories of Philadelphia’s many neighborhoods.

      —Marita Krivda Poxon and Rachel A. Hildebrandt

      One

      EAST OAK LANE

      Seen from fields behind the Ellwood School (center) on February 1, 1897, a line of houses denotes Oak Lane. The original name for the Oak Lane area was Milestown, named after Griffith Miles, a Welshman who bought 250 acres of land in 1695. Miles erected a log home along a dirt road that would later be known as Oak Lane, named by Hall W. Mercer as a memorial to an ancient oak tree on his property that blew down during a storm.

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