Table of Contents

C# Programming Cookbook

Credits

About the Author

Acknowledgements

About the Reviewer

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Why Subscribe?

Preface

What this book covers

What you need for this book

Who this book is for

Sections

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

There's more…

See also

Conventions

Reader feedback

Customer support

Downloading the example code

Downloading the color images of this book

Errata

Piracy

Questions

1. New Features in C# 6.0

Introduction

Creating your Visual Studio project

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

String interpolation

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Null-conditional operator

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Initializers for auto-implemented properties and getter-only auto properties

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Index initializers

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

The nameof expressions

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Expression-bodied functions and properties

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Using static

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Exception filters

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Using await operator in catch and finally blocks

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

2. Classes and Generics

Introduction

Creating and implementing an abstract class

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Creating and implementing an interface

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Creating and using a generic class or method

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Creating and using a generic interface

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

3. Object-Oriented Programming in C#

Introduction

Using inheritance in C#

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Using abstraction

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Leveraging encapsulation

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Implementing polymorphism

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Single responsibility principle

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Open/closed principle

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

4. Composing Event-Based Programs Using Reactive Extensions

Introduction

Installing Rx

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Events versus observables

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Using LINQ to perform queries

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Using schedulers in Rx

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Debugging lambda expressions

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

5. Create Microservices on Azure Service Fabric

Introduction

Downloading and installing Service Fabric

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Creating a Service Fabric application with a stateless actor service

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Using Service Fabric Explorer

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

6. Making Apps Responsive with Asynchronous Programming

Introduction

Return types of asynchronous functions

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Handling tasks in asynchronous programming

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Exception handling in asynchronous programming

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

7. High Performance Programming Using Parallel and Multithreading in C#

Introduction

Creating and aborting a low-priority background thread

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Increasing maximum thread pool size

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Creating multiple threads

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Locking one thread until the contended resources are available

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Invoking parallel calls to methods using Parallel.Invoke

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Using a parallel foreach loop to run multiple threads

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Cancelling a parallel foreach loop

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Catching errors in parallel foreach loops

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Debugging multiple threads

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

8. Code Contracts

Introduction

Downloading, installing, and integrating code contracts into Visual Studio

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Creating code contract preconditions

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Creating code contract postconditions

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Creating code contract invariant

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Creating code contract Assert and Assume methods

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Creating code contract ForAll method

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Creating code contract ValueAtReturn method

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Creating code contract Result method

How to do it…

How it works…

Using code contracts on abstract classes

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Using contract abbreviator methods

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Creating tests using IntelliTest

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Using code contracts in extension methods

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

9. Regular Expressions

Introduction

Getting started with regex

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Matching a valid date

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Sanitizing input

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Dynamic regex matching

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

10. Choosing and Using a Source Control Strategy

Introduction

Setting up Visual Studio account management and determining which source control solution is best for you

Getting ready

How to do it...

How it works...

Setting up Visual Studio GitHub integration, checking in code for the first time, and checking in changes

Getting ready

How to do it...

How it works...

Working as a team using GitHub, and handling and resolving conflicts in code

Getting ready

How to do it...

How it works...

11. Creating a Mobile Application in Visual Studio

Introduction

Installing Xamarin and other required components

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Creating an Android Visual Studio project using Apache Cordova

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Creating an iOS application using Xamarin Forms

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

12. Writing Secure Code and Debugging in Visual Studio

Introduction

Encrypting and storing passwords correctly

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Using SecureString in code

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Securing sensitive parts of App.config/web.config

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Preventing SQL injection attacks

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Using Diagnostic Tools and Historical Debugging

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Setting conditional breakpoints

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Using PerfTips to identify bottlenecks in code

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

13. Creating a Web Application in Azure

Introduction

Creating a database in Azure for testing

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Creating a web application and hosting on Azure

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Using virtual machines on Azure

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

Index

C# Programming Cookbook

C# Programming Cookbook

Copyright © 2016 Packt Publishing

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embedded in critical articles or reviews.

Every effort has been made in the preparation of this book to ensure the accuracy of the information presented. However, the information contained in this book is sold without warranty, either express or implied. Neither the author nor Packt Publishing, and its dealers and distributors will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by this book.

Packt Publishing has endeavored to provide trademark information about all of the companies and products mentioned in this book by the appropriate use of capitals. However, Packt Publishing cannot guarantee the accuracy of this information.

First published: July 2016

Production reference: 1210716

Published by Packt Publishing Ltd.

Livery Place

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Birmingham B3 2PB, UK.

ISBN 978-1-78646-730-0

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Credits

Author

Dirk Strauss

Reviewer

Fabio Claudio Ferracchiati

Commissioning Editor

Edward Gordon

Acquisition Editor

Nitin Dasan

Content Development Editor

Zeeyan Pinheiro

Technical Editor

Kunal Chaudhari

Copy Editor

Karuna Narayan

Project Coordinator

Izzat Contractor

Proofreader

Safis Editing

Indexer

Rekha Nair

Graphics

Jason Monteiro

Production Coordinator

Melwyn Dsa

Cover Work

Melwyn Dsa

About the Author

Dirk Strauss is a software developer and Microsoft .NET MVP from South Africa with over 13 years of programming experience. He has extensive experience in SYSPRO Customization, an ERP system, with C# and web development as his main focus.

He works for Evolution Software, but in all fairness, he doesn't really like to call it working at all. According to him, when you're having fun and loving what you do with incredibly inspirational individuals, you will not work a day in your life.

Acknowledgements

Firstly, I would like to thank my mom for giving me the opportunities I had in life. Without your support, love, and sacrifice, I would not be where I am today. You made do with less so that I could have more. As I grow older, with kids of my own, I now realize the depth and breadth of your love and dearly appreciate it all.

I would also like to thank all of the educators at the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University who are shaping the future IT professionals for an increasingly complex technological world. I specifically want to thank Professor Reinhardt A. Botha and Dr. Johan Van Niekerk. Their passion for information technology and their dedication to their students had a huge impact on me and made me the IT person I am today.

Throughout my career, I have met many people, had many colleagues, and dealt with more clients than I can probably remember. There is, however, a colleague and dear friend that has remained steadfast and resolute in his friendship, support, and mentorship. Vincent Van Zyl formed a big part of my early career and gave me a friendly nudge in the right direction when I was trying to find my way within a technology that was new to me. He was, and still is, a mentor and confidant in my professional life. He possesses a gentle spirit and a friendly nature that sets an example and truly makes the world a better place to live in. He loves his wife more than any man I have ever met and I am honored to know him, utterly humbled to call him a colleague, and incredibly blessed to have him as a friend.

Last but by no means least, I'd like to thank my wife and children. It would seem like such a cliché to thank you for putting up with me during the weekends and evenings that I spent working on this book, as this is a common theme that almost all authors thank their families for. The reality is that you all went above and beyond what was needed for me to complete this book. You guys expressed a profound understanding of what this project meant to me, which was so evident in the way your actions and sacrifices made a difference. Adele, you are my wingman, my comrade of can-do, and my rock throughout some grueling times. From the little things you did, such as supplying copious amounts of coffee in the cold evenings with an accuracy that made me wonder if you could read my mind, to the more important things, such as being mommy and daddy to our kids, fills me with an appreciation and gratitude that I will probably never be able to repay. I saw it all, I appreciate it all, and I love you all the more for it.

To my daughter Irénéé (pops) and my son Tristan (squeak), while you are still too young to read this now, you will be able to one day. I want to thank you for making do with a little less daddy time and for being patient and understanding when daddy could not play. You kids make me a better man and inspire me to face challenges in all aspects of my life with a determination and resolve I see in your eyes every day. You teach me more about life and all that is good by just being who you are. Your dreams are my dreams come true and there is nothing in this existence of ours that can separate me from the love I have for you. I therefore dedicate this book to Adele, Irénéé, and Tristan.

About the Reviewer

Fabio Claudio Ferracchiati is a senior consultant and a senior analyst/developer using Microsoft technologies. He works for Blu Arancio (www.bluarancio.com). He is a Microsoft Certified Solution Developer for .NET, Microsoft Certified Application Developer for .NET, and Microsoft Certified Professional. He is also a prolific author and technical reviewer. Over the last ten years, he's written articles for Italian and international magazines and coauthored more than 10 books on a variety of computer topics.

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Preface

Visual Studio 2015 brings a lot to the developer's toolset when it comes to creating world-class applications across a variety of platforms. The new language features in C# 6.0 provide developers with easier ways to perform familiar tasks. This book will show you the beauty of C#, which when combined with the power of Visual Studio, makes you a very formidable developer capable of meeting a variety of programming challenges head on.

Many of the chapters in this book will provide you with just enough to jumpstart your understanding of the topics discussed. Irrespective of your skill level, when it comes to programming with C#, this book provides something for everyone.

What this book covers

Chapter 1, New Features in C# 6.0, introduces you to the new features available in C# 6.0.

Chapter 2, Classes and Generics, covers classes and generics, which form the building blocks of modern day applications. You will learn what they are and how to use them more effectively.

Chapter 3, Object-Oriented Programming in C#, covers OOP, which is why we do what we do in the way we do it. We will discuss the fundamentals when it comes to this concept.

Chapter 4, Composing Event-Based Programs Using Reactive Extensions, helps you make your applications more responsive using Rx and leveraging the power of providing real-time data.

Chapter 5, Create Microservices on Azure Service Fabric, shows how you can break away from the traditional approach to developing applications. Instead of one single monolithic application, microservices break an application up into smaller bits that can function on their own.

Chapter 6, Making Apps Responsive with Asynchronous Programming, covers using asynchronous programming to never let your application lock up because it is waiting for a long running task to complete.

Chapter 7, High Performance Programming Using Parallel and Multithreading in C#, demonstrates how you can make good use of the performance provided by today's multicore CPUs.

Chapter 8, Code Contracts, deals with writing robust code that will validate the correctness of data being passed to a method. We will also cover code contracts, which allow developers to write better code.

Chapter 9, Regular Expressions, covers regex, which is a technology that is baked into the .NET Framework and is often overlooked in most books. Understanding it better will go a long way toward adding value to your skillset.

Chapter 10, Choosing and Using a Source Control Strategy, delves into the different strategies that different developers in different situations require when it comes to using source control.

Chapter 11, Creating a Mobile Application in Visual Studio, discusses what you can do with Visual Studio, which has made it possible to make developing mobile applications across multiple platforms within reach for practically any developer.

Chapter 12, Writing Secure Code and Debugging in Visual Studio, emphasizes how being able to write more secure code will set your application apart from others. Being able to debug like a boss will set you apart from the rest.

Chapter 13, Creating a Web Application in Azure, demonstrates just how easy it is to create a web application in Azure.

What you need for this book

To complete the code samples in this book, you will need a copy of Visual Studio 2015 or later. Most other required components can be installed via NuGet.

Who this book is for

This book is aimed at developers who have basic familiarity with C# programming and know the VS 2015 environment.

Sections

In this book, you will find several headings that appear frequently (Getting ready, How to do it, How it works, There's more, and See also).

To give clear instructions on how to complete a recipe, we use these sections as follows:

Getting ready

This section tells you what to expect in the recipe, and describes how to set up any software or any preliminary settings required for the recipe.

How to do it…

This section contains the steps required to follow the recipe.

How it works…

This section usually consists of a detailed explanation of what happened in the previous section.

There's more…

This section consists of additional information about the recipe in order to make the reader more knowledgeable about the recipe.

See also

This section provides helpful links to other useful information for the recipe.

Conventions