Poseidon

• 

  Perhaps an Indo-European deity (*pótis + dâwon, "ruler" + "waters"; "lord of the sea"??)
• Venerated in Mycenaean times (Po-se-da-o)
• Sanctuaries: Athens, Corinth, Isthmia, Onchestus, Poseidonia (= Paestum), Sounion
• His attribute: the trident
• Various names: Gaieochos ("earth-shaker"), Helikonios ("of the Helicon"), Hippios ("the horseman")
• An Athenian myth focused on an ancient rivalry between Poseidon and Athena: who was to give his or her name to the new city? Poseidon tried to bribe the citizens by offering them a horse; Athena gave them the olive tree, and won the contest.

Corinth, Small painting of Poseidon

Eleusis, Statue of Poseidon

Statuette of Poseidon

Poseidon on a coin of Demetrius Poliorcetes

Neptune

• When the Romans adopted Greek mythology, they identified their Neptune with the Greek Poseidon
• In Rome, there was a basilica of Neptune in the Baths of Agrippa
• Protector of X Fretensis, XI Claudia, and XXX Ulpia Victrix

Byblos, Statue of Poseidon

Sagalassus, Poseidon

Sirmium, Relief of Neptune

Ostia, Baths of Neptune, Mosaic with Neptune