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    What Is Differentiated Instruction

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    Joseph Cloyd Lamberte
    Differentiated instruction is an approach to teaching that involves tailoring instruction to meet students' individual needs. Teachers can differentiate instruction by modifying content, process, products, or the learning environment based on a student's readiness, interests, or learning profile. This involves using flexible grouping, ongoing assessment to understand student needs, and varying teaching methods such as using different reading materials or instructional activities matched to student skill levels. The goal is to create the most effective learning experience possible for each student.

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    What Is Differentiated Instruction

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    Joseph Cloyd Lamberte
    386 views3 pages
    Differentiated instruction is an approach to teaching that involves tailoring instruction to meet students' individual needs. Teachers can differentiate instruction by modifying content, process, products, or the learning environment based on a student's readiness, interests, or learning profile. This involves using flexible grouping, ongoing assessment to understand student needs, and varying teaching methods such as using different reading materials or instructional activities matched to student skill levels. The goal is to create the most effective learning experience possible for each student.

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    What is Differentiated Instruction

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    What is Differentiated Instruction

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    Differentiated instruction is an approach to teaching that involves tailoring instruction to meet students' individual needs. Teachers can differentiate instruction by modifying content, process, products, or the learning environment based on a student's readiness, interests, or learning profile. This involves using flexible grouping, ongoing assessment to understand student needs, and varying teaching methods such as using different reading materials or instructional activities matched to student skill levels. The goal is to create the most effective learning experience possible for each student.

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    386 views3 pages

    What Is Differentiated Instruction

    Uploaded by

    Joseph Cloyd Lamberte
    Differentiated instruction is an approach to teaching that involves tailoring instruction to meet students' individual needs. Teachers can differentiate instruction by modifying content, process, products, or the learning environment based on a student's readiness, interests, or learning profile. This involves using flexible grouping, ongoing assessment to understand student needs, and varying teaching methods such as using different reading materials or instructional activities matched to student skill levels. The goal is to create the most effective learning experience possible for each student.

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    The key takeaways are that differentiated instruction means tailoring instruction to meet individual student needs by varying content, process, products, or the learning environment based on readiness, interest, or learning profile.

    The four elements of differentiated instruction are content, process, products, and learning environment.

    Some examples of differentiating content include using reading materials at varying levels, putting text on tape, using spelling lists at different levels, presenting ideas through auditory and visual means, using reading buddies, and meeting with small groups.

    1

    What Is Differentiated Instruction?


    By: Carol Ann Tomlinson (2000) Differentiation means tailoring instruction to meet individual needs. Whether teachers differentiate content, process, products, or the learning environment, the use of ongoing assessment and flexible grouping makes this a successful approach to instruction. Find this useful? Learn more in our Differentiated Instruction section. At its most basic level, differentiation consists of the efforts of teachers to respond to variance among learners in the classroom. Whenever a teacher reaches out to an individual or small group to vary his or her teaching in order to create the best learning experience possible, that teacher is differentiating instruction. Teachers can differentiate at least four classroom elements based on student readiness, interest, or learning profile:

    Content what the student needs to learn or how the student will get access to the information; Process activities in which the student engages in order to make sense of or master the content; Products culminating projects that ask the student to rehearse, apply, and extend what he or she has learned in a unit; and Learning environment the way the classroom works and feels.

    Content
    Examples of differentiating content at the elementary level include the following: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Using reading materials at varying readability levels; Putting text materials on tape; Using spelling or vocabulary lists at readiness levels of students; Presenting ideas through both auditory and visual means; Using reading buddies; and Meeting with small groups to re-teach an idea or skill for struggling learners, or to extend the thinking or skills of advanced learners.

    Process
    Examples of differentiating process or activities at the elementary level include the following: 1. Using tiered activities through which all learners work with the same important understandings and skills, but proceed with different levels of support, challenge, or complexity; 2. Providing interest centers that encourage students to explore subsets of the class topic of particular interest to them; 3. Developing personal agendas (task lists written by the teacher and containing both in-common work for the whole class and work that addresses individual needs of learners) to be completed either during specified agenda time or as students complete other work early; 4. Offering manipulatives or other hands-on supports for students who need them; and 5. Varying the length of time a student may take to complete a task in order to provide additional support for a struggling learner or to encourage an advanced learner to pursue a topic in greater depth.

    Products
    Examples of differentiating products at the elementary level include the following: 1. Giving students options of how to express required learning (e.g., create a puppet show, write a letter, or develop a mural with labels); 2. Using rubrics that match and extend students' varied skills levels; 3. Allowing students to work alone or in small groups on their products; and 4. Encouraging students to create their own product assignments as long as the assignments contain required elements.

    Learning environment
    Examples of differentiating learning environment at the elementary level include: 1. Making sure there are places in the room to work quietly and without distraction, as well as places that invite student collaboration; 2. Providing materials that reflect a variety of cultures and home settings; 3. Setting out clear guidelines for independent work that matches individual needs; 4. Developing routines that allow students to get help when teachers are busy with other students and cannot help them immediately; and 5. Helping students understand that some learners need to move around to learn, while others do better sitting quietly (Tomlinson, 1995, 1999; Winebrenner, 1992, 1996). References

    References
    Click the "References" link above to hide these references. Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1997). Finding Flow: The Psychology of Engagement with Everyday Life. New York: Basic Books. Danielson, C. (1996). Enhancing Professional Practice: A Framework for Teaching. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development. ED 403 245. Sternberg, R. J., Torff, B., & Grigorenko, E. L. (1998). Teaching triarchically improves student achievement. Journal of Educational Psychology, 90(3), 374-384. EJ 576 492. Tomlinson, C. (1995). How to Differentiate Instruction in Mixed-ability Classrooms. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development. ED 386 301. Tomlinson, C. (1999). The Differentiated Classroom: Responding to the Needs of all Learners. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development. ED 429 944. Vygotsky, L. (1986). Thought and Language. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Winebrenner, S. (1992). Teaching Gifted Kids in the Regular Classroom. Minneapolis, MN: Free Spirit. Winebrenner, S. (1996). Teaching kids with Learning Difficulties in the Regular Classroom. Minneapolis, MN: Free Spirit. ED 396 502.

    References
    Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1997). Finding Flow: The Psychology of Engagement with Everyday Life. New York: Basic Books. Danielson, C. (1996). Enhancing Professional Practice: A Framework for Teaching. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development. ED 403 245. Sternberg, R. J., Torff, B., & Grigorenko, E. L. (1998). Teaching triarchically improves student achievement. Journal of Educational Psychology, 90(3), 374-384. EJ 576 492. Tomlinson, C. (1995). How to Differentiate Instruction in Mixed-ability Classrooms. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development. ED 386 301. Tomlinson, C. (1999). The Differentiated Classroom: Responding to the Needs of all Learners. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development. ED 429 944. Vygotsky, L. (1986). Thought and Language. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Winebrenner, S. (1992). Teaching Gifted Kids in the Regular Classroom. Minneapolis, MN: Free Spirit. Winebrenner, S. (1996). Teaching kids with Learning Difficulties in the Regular Classroom. Minneapolis, MN: Free Spirit. ED 396 502. Excerpted from: Tomlinson, C. A. (August, 2000). Differentiation of Instruction in the Elementary Grades. ERIC Digest. ERIC Clearinghouse on Elementary and Early Childhood Education. Related Topics: Differentiated Instruction Comment on this article | 6 comments | Recommend | 8 recommendations

    Comments
    (Note: Comments are owned by the poster. We are not responsible for their content.) Great job at breaking it down. The article does a great job in addressing the "how" of differentiation. Posted by: Joan Perez | July 24, 2009 02:01 PM Why do our schools think that putting students in groups is considered differintiated instruction? Posted by: Kim | September 15, 2009 04:34 PM Depending on how the grouping is configured, it is differintiated instruction. Posted by: Am | October 13, 2009 10:28 AM My son's school groups according to reading ability. Can you explain the difference between what seems like "tracking" students and differential instruction? Posted by: janet | November 01, 2009 08:58 PM If students are grouped by reading level and are making progress as that group targets reading needs then the student that is mastering those areas should be allowed to move on to the next group (flexible reading)

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