Habitats For Plants and Animals

Habitats for Plants and Animals
by Denise Carroll
What is a habitat?
Every animal has a habitat. The place where an animal or plant lives and grows is called its habitat. A habitat is where an animal finds the food, water, and shelter it needs to live. For example, a toucans habitat is the rainforest.
Different Land Habitats
Desert
Tundra
Grasslands
Forest
Rainforest
Desert Habitats
A desert is a very warm place. The air is very hot and dry. There is very little rain. The soil is very sandy. Most animals that live in the desert sleep during the day because it is too hot. They come out at night to eat. They are called nocturnal. Some desert animals burrow in the ground during the day Many plants have thick leaves in the desert to retain water. Most desert animals get their water from the food they eat.
Rain Forest Habitats

A rain forest is an environment where rain falls almost every day. A rain forest has warm weather year round. A rain forest has millions of plants and animals. Many of these plants are used to make medicines to fight diseases and illnesses. Rain forests are located along the equator.
Forest Habitats
A forest is an environment that gets enough rain and warm temperatures for lots of trees to grow. When the fall arrives, the leaves will turn red, orange, and yellow. Once winter comes, the trees lose their leaves.
Tundra Habitats
A tundra is an environment that is very cold and windy. It is a treeless area. It is the coldest environment. The land is covered with snow and ice most of the year. Much of the land has ground that is permafrost, permanently frozen. The summers are short.
Freshwater Habitats
Pond Lake Stream River
You might find frogs, ducks, beavers, turtles, dragonflies, and many kinds of fish in a freshwater habitat.
Saltwater Habitats
Oceans
Sharks, starfish, whales, dolphins, lobster, and coral are some of the animals found in the ocean.
Think:
What would happen if an animals habitat were destroyed?
Animal Adaptations
An adaptation is anything about an animal that helps it live or survive in its environment. Animals are always in danger of being eaten and have developed many ways of protecting themselves from hungry animals. Animals may find winter shelter in holes in trees or logs, under rocks or leaves, or tunnel underground. If animals do not adapt to their environment, they die!
Camouflage Migrate Body Coverings
Hibernate Estivate
Camouflage
Camouflage is when the animal blends in with the surrounding environment to help it hide. Some animals fur or skin can change color. This helps to protect them.
Some Animals Migrate

Some animals travel to far away places. This is called migration. Animals move from one habitat to another to survive. Animals are looking for warmer weather or searching for food. Many birds migrate in the fall. Birds can fly very long distances. Many fish migrate. They may swim south, or move into deeper, warmer water. Many insects also migrate. Whales, butterflies, bats, hummingbirds, robins, geese, ducks, salmon are some animals that migrate.
Click the animals that migrate.
Body Coverings
Some animals will grow new, thick fur in the fall to keep warm in the winter. An armadillo has a covering of hard plates to protect its body. The porcupine uses its quills for defense. A turtle can pull its head, feet, and tail inside its shell for protection.
The Coming Winter

As the weather gets colder, people stay inside warm houses and wear heavy coats when they go outside. In the winter we get our food from the grocery store. What happens to the animals?
Some Animals Hibernate

Hibernation is when an animal goes through the winter into a long, deep sleep. One way animals can adapt to the changing environment is by hibernating.
Some animals hibernate for part or all of the winter. The animal's body temperature drops, and its heartbeat and breathing slow down. It uses very little energy. In the fall, these animals get ready for winter by eating extra food and storing it as body fat. They use this fat for energy while hibernating. Some also store food like nuts or acorns to eat later in the winter. Bears, skunks, chipmunks, and some bats hibernate. Insects look for winter shelter in holes in the ground, under the bark of trees, deep inside rotting logs or in any small crack they can find.
Click the animals that hibernate.
Some Animals Estivate

Estivate is when an animal sleeps during the summer. What causes an animal to estivate? HEAT Ground squirrels in the desert will estivate in their burrows to get out of the heat. Some toads estivate to escape the hot, dry summer. Many amphibians and reptiles estivate, as do some insects, snails, and fish.
How do plants help animals?

Plants provide food and shelter for many animals. Plants are used to make medicines to fight disease and illnesses. Animals use plants for shelter. For example, birds build nests and beavers build dams. Plants provide oxygen that we need to live. Plants provide protection for animals hiding. Plants are used to make clothing, paper, and wood products. Plants also provide beauty for the Earth.
How do animals help plants?

Animals help spread seeds. Some animals, like squirrels, bury seeds when they store them and forget to go back to get them. Some of these seeds that are left in the ground will germinate. Seeds attach to animals that have fur. Later the seeds will fall off the animal and grow in a new place. Insects and birds help pollinate flowers.
Ecosystem
An ecosystem is how plants, animals, and nonliving things in an environment effect each other.
NEW WORDS TO LEARN

Before we discuss what a food chain is, we need to learn these new words.
herbivore carnivore omnivore
producers consumers
Lets Begin . . .
Herbivores
Some animals do not eat other animals. They survive on plants and are known as
herbivores.
Carnivores
Some animals, like the kingfisher, eat only other animals. These animals are called carnivores.
Omnivores
Some animals, like us, eat both plants and animals. These animals are called omnivores.
Producers
Plants are living organisms. They need nourishment to survive. But Plants do not eat other plants or animals. Plants are called producers, because they produce their own food using sunlight.
Consumers
Consume means eat. Animals are consumers because they eat (consume) food provided by plants or other animals.
What is a food chain?

Food chains show how each living thing gets its food. A food chain is the order in which animals eat plants and other animals. The sun is the primary source of a food chain. Plants get their energy from the sun. Without the sun, we would not have any plants. A food chain always starts with a plant. Next in the food chain is an animal, because plants cannot eat plants. A food chain always ends with an animal.
plant
animal
animal
animal
Food chains always start with a plant.
The beetle eats the plant. The frog eats the beetle. The turtle eats the frog.
Food Chain
The lettuce is eaten by the rabbit. The rabbit is eaten by the fox.
Food Chain
The plant is eaten by the small fish. The small fish is eaten by a larger fish. The larger fish is eaten by the man.
Food Chain
The fly is nibbling on the plant. The fly is eaten by the bird. The bird is eaten by the cat.
Food Chains
Lets Think . . . If we suddenly had no Sun, what effect would it have on the food chain?
Food Chains
Lets Think Again . . .
What would happen if there were no carnivores?
Where do the arrows point?
Congratulations!
You are now an expert on habitats, animal adaptations, and food chains.
Resources
http://images.search.yahoo.com http://office.microsoft.com/clipart http://www.timetoteach.co.uk/sciencepowerpoints.htm

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Habitats for Plants and Animals

Different Land Habitats

Rain Forest Habitats

Camouflage Migrate Body Coverings

Some Animals Migrate

Click the animals that migrate.

The Coming Winter

Some Animals Hibernate

Click the animals that hibernate.

Some Animals Estivate

How do plants help animals?

How do animals help plants?

NEW WORDS TO LEARN

herbivore carnivore omnivore

What is a food chain?

Food chains always start with a plant.

Where do the arrows point?

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