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    Gestalt Psychology

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    Carla Joyce
    Gestalt psychology maintains that the human eye sees objects as unified wholes before perceiving individual parts. Some key principles of Gestalt psychology include the laws of pragnanz, closure, similarity, proximity, symmetry, and continuity - which propose ways the human mind naturally organizes visual elements into organized patterns or "gestalts". Some influential figures in establishing Gestalt psychology were Max Wertheimer, Wolfgang Kohler, and Kurt Koffka, who were interested in how the mind learns and thinks in productive and reproductive ways.

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    Gestalt Psychology

    Uploaded by

    Carla Joyce
    460 views32 pages
    Gestalt psychology maintains that the human eye sees objects as unified wholes before perceiving individual parts. Some key principles of Gestalt psychology include the laws of pragnanz, closure, similarity, proximity, symmetry, and continuity - which propose ways the human mind naturally organizes visual elements into organized patterns or "gestalts". Some influential figures in establishing Gestalt psychology were Max Wertheimer, Wolfgang Kohler, and Kurt Koffka, who were interested in how the mind learns and thinks in productive and reproductive ways.

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    Gestalt Psychologists-Max Wertheimer, Wolfgang Kohler, and Kurt Koffka

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    Gestalt psychology maintains that the human eye sees objects as unified wholes before perceiving individual parts. Some key principles of Gestalt psychology include the laws of pragnanz, closure, similarity, proximity, symmetry, and continuity - which propose ways the human mind naturally organizes visual elements into organized patterns or "gestalts". Some influential figures in establishing Gestalt psychology were Max Wertheimer, Wolfgang Kohler, and Kurt Koffka, who were interested in how the mind learns and thinks in productive and reproductive ways.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    460 views32 pages

    Gestalt Psychology

    Uploaded by

    Carla Joyce
    Gestalt psychology maintains that the human eye sees objects as unified wholes before perceiving individual parts. Some key principles of Gestalt psychology include the laws of pragnanz, closure, similarity, proximity, symmetry, and continuity - which propose ways the human mind naturally organizes visual elements into organized patterns or "gestalts". Some influential figures in establishing Gestalt psychology were Max Wertheimer, Wolfgang Kohler, and Kurt Koffka, who were interested in how the mind learns and thinks in productive and reproductive ways.

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    Gestalt Psychology

    Gestalt
    ----means pattern, form or shape. ----a unified or meaningful whole.

    It maintains that the human eye sees objects in their entirety before perceiving their individual parts.
    Gestalt principles are restricted to perception.

    Learning was something the Gestalt psychologists were particularly interested in.

    Gestalt psychologists tend to emphasize cognitive processes in the study of learning.

    The whole is greater that the sum of its parts.

    Ernst Mach introduced the concepts of space forms and time forms. He pointed that all science is based on experience.

    Space Forms

    Christian Von Ehrenfels is the actual originator of the term Gestalt. He wrote a book entitled On Gestalt Qualities.

    Oswald Kulpe is best known for the idea of imageless thoughts

    The Big Three in Gestalt Psychology

    Marx Wertheimer

    --founder of Gestalt psychology


    --he wrote his best known book Productive Thinking

    Phi Phenomenon

    He considered thinking

    to happen in two ways:


    Productive Thinking Reproductive Thinking

    Wolfgang Kohler
    --he wrote the book
    Mentality of Apes and Gestalt Psychology He gave an emphasis on self-discovery when it comes to human learning.

    Kurt Koffka
    --he wrote Growth of the Mind: An Introduction to Child Psychology and Principles of Gestalt Psychology

    Gestalt Laws

    Law of Pragnanz
    Pragnanz is German for pregnant. This law states that we are innately driven to experience things in as good a gestalt as possible.

    The Logo of Macintosh

    Law of Closure
    It says that, if something is missing in an otherwise complete figure, we will tend to add it.

    Law of similarity
    It states that we will tend to group similar items together, to see them as forming a gestalt, within larger form.

    Law of Proximity
    It says that things that are close together as sees as belonging together.

    A real-world example of the law of proximity from MTV Music Awards 2002

    Law of symmetry
    States that the mind perceives objects as being symmetrically forming around a center point.

    Law of continuity
    states that elements of objects tend to be perceptually grouped together and therefore integrated into perceptual wholes if they aligned together with an object.

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