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    Temporal Bone Anatomy

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    Changho Lee
    The temporal bone contains four portions - squamous, mastoid, petrous, and tympanic. The external auditory canal leads to the tympanic membrane, which separates the middle ear cavity. The middle ear contains the ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes) and several air-filled spaces. The facial nerve runs through the petrous portion in four segments, including labyrinthine and tympanic segments that are most commonly injured during otologic surgeries such as stapedectomy.

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    Temporal Bone Anatomy

    Uploaded by

    Changho Lee
    2K views27 pages
    The temporal bone contains four portions - squamous, mastoid, petrous, and tympanic. The external auditory canal leads to the tympanic membrane, which separates the middle ear cavity. The middle ear contains the ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes) and several air-filled spaces. The facial nerve runs through the petrous portion in four segments, including labyrinthine and tympanic segments that are most commonly injured during otologic surgeries such as stapedectomy.

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    ear surgery

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    The temporal bone contains four portions - squamous, mastoid, petrous, and tympanic. The external auditory canal leads to the tympanic membrane, which separates the middle ear cavity. The middle ear contains the ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes) and several air-filled spaces. The facial nerve runs through the petrous portion in four segments, including labyrinthine and tympanic segments that are most commonly injured during otologic surgeries such as stapedectomy.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    2K views27 pages

    Temporal Bone Anatomy

    Uploaded by

    Changho Lee
    The temporal bone contains four portions - squamous, mastoid, petrous, and tympanic. The external auditory canal leads to the tympanic membrane, which separates the middle ear cavity. The middle ear contains the ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes) and several air-filled spaces. The facial nerve runs through the petrous portion in four segments, including labyrinthine and tympanic segments that are most commonly injured during otologic surgeries such as stapedectomy.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
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    The document discusses anatomy of the temporal bone, external auditory canal, tympanic membrane, middle ear structures, and facial nerve.

    The temporal bone consists of the squamous, mastoid, petrous and tympanic portions as well as the styloid process.

    The middle ear contains the ossicles (malleus, incus and stapes), various air spaces and openings between the mesotympanum and attic.

    Temporal Bone Anatomy

    Anatomy
    • Temporal bone
    – Squamous portion
    – Mastoid portion
    – Petrous portion
    – Tympanic portion
    – Styloid process
    External auditory canal
    • Approximately 2.5-3.5 cm long 6-9 mm wide
    • Outer 1/3 : extension of the cartilage of the auricle
    • Inner 2/3 : incomplete ring of the tympanic bone
    • Lined by skin
    Tympanic membrane
    • Separates the EAC from middle ear cavity
    • Fibroelastic layer
    – Outer surface : covered by canal skin
    – Medial surface : by the middle ear mucosa
    • The circumference of the membrane
    – Thickened and forms annulus
    – Open anterosuperiorly
    • Pars flaccida
    – Triangular segment, bordered by mallear fold
    – Devoid of fibroelastic layer
    • Pars tensa
    • Convex medially : umbo
    Middle ear
    • Air-filled irregular space
    • Boundary
    – Lateral : TM, lateral attic wall
    – Medial : capsule of the inner ear
    – Superior : tegmen tympani
    – Inferior : hypotympanic floor
    • Three portions
    – Mesotympanum
    – Epitympanum
    – Hypotympanum : covers the jugular bulb
    Middle ear
    • Pyramidal eminence
    – In the posterior wall of of the mesotympanum
    – Conical bony protrusion
    – Stapedius m. & its tendon
    • Facial recess
    – Lateral to the pyramidal eminence
    – Covers the upper portion of the mastoid segment of the
    facial canal
    • Sinus tympani
    – Medial to the pyramidal eminence
    – Posterior pocket of mesotympanum
    Tympanic membrane
    Middle ear
    • Ossicles
    • Malleus, incus, stapes
    - In the attic, head of malleus articulates with the incus body
    - Malleus handle extends inferiorly to the TM
    - The long process of the incus articulates with the head of
    stapes
    - Ice-cream appearance
    : head of malleus & incus body, short process
    Ossicles
    • Posterior tympanum
    • Pyramidal eminance 를 기준으로 sup
    와 inf,
    • facial canal 을 중심으로 lat 과 med 로
    구분
    • Superolateral : facial sinus
    • Inferolateral : lateral tympanic sinus
    • Superomedial : posterior tympanic
    sinus
    • Ponticulus : pyramidal eminance 에서
    promontory 로 이어지는 bony ridge
    • Subiculum : styloid eminance 에서
    round window niche 의 post. lip 으로
    이어지는 bony ridge
    – 이사이에 가장 큰 sinus tympani 존재
    Tympanic Isthmus
    • Two openings between
    mesotympanum and attic
    – Anterior isthmus
    • Between tensor tympani tendon and the
    stapes
    – Posterior isthmus
    • Between the short process of the incus and
    the stapedial tendon and pyramidal
    eminence
    Prussak’s space
    • Prussak’s space
    – Laterally pars flaccida
    – Medially the neck of the malleus
    – Superiorly lateral malleal ligament
    – Inferiorly the lateral process of the malleus
    Facial nerve
    1. Intracranial(Pontine) segment
    - 23-24mm length
    - from brain stem to the internal auditory canal
    2. IAC(Meatal) segment
    - 8-10mm length
    - from the fundus of the IAC to the meatal foramen
    - anterior superior part of IAC
    3. Labyrinthine segment
    - 3-5mm length
    - from the meatal foramen to the geniculate ganglion
    - branch: GSPN
    Facial nerve
    4. Tympanic segment
    - 8-12mm length
    - from first genu to second genu
    - inferior part of LSCC
    - Superior part of oval window
    5. Mastoid segment
    - 10-15mm length
    - from second genu to stylomastoid foramen
    - chorda tympani
    6. Extratemporal segment
    - from the stylomastoid foramen to the the muscles of
    innervation
    Facial nerve
    Dimensions of the Facial Nerve
    Common Site of FN Injury during Otologic
    Surgery
    1) Intracranial segment: Brainstem-CPA lesions
    2) Mastoid segment: Mastoidectomy
    3) Tympanic segment
    - Stapedectomy
    - Labyrinthectomy (medial side)
    4) Extracranial segment
    - Parotidectomy
    Facial nerve geniculate ganglion

    Superior SCC

    Common crus

    Lateral
    SCC
    Vestibular aqueduct Posterior SCC
    Facial nerve tympanic segment

    Cochlea

    Lateral SCC

    Internal auditory canal

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