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    Diagram Frost

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    Redhita Irjiansya
    The document discusses redox (reduction-oxidation) reactions and how to analyze them. It covers: - Redox reactions involve the gain or loss of electrons during oxidation and reduction. - The standard potential (DE°) relates to the free energy change (ΔG°) and can indicate whether a redox reaction is favorable. - Half-cell reactions are provided for aluminum and tin as examples, and these are used to calculate the potential and free energy change for a reaction between them. - Oxidation state diagrams (Frost diagrams) show the relative stability of different oxidation states and can predict whether redox reactions will occur between species and what the products will be.

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    Diagram Frost

    Uploaded by

    Redhita Irjiansya
    545 views6 pages
    The document discusses redox (reduction-oxidation) reactions and how to analyze them. It covers: - Redox reactions involve the gain or loss of electrons during oxidation and reduction. - The standard potential (DE°) relates to the free energy change (ΔG°) and can indicate whether a redox reaction is favorable. - Half-cell reactions are provided for aluminum and tin as examples, and these are used to calculate the potential and free energy change for a reaction between them. - Oxidation state diagrams (Frost diagrams) show the relative stability of different oxidation states and can predict whether redox reactions will occur between species and what the products will be.

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    The document discusses redox (reduction-oxidation) reactions and how to analyze them. It covers: - Redox reactions involve the gain or loss of electrons during oxidation and reduction. - The standard potential (DE°) relates to the free energy change (ΔG°) and can indicate whether a redox reaction is favorable. - Half-cell reactions are provided for aluminum and tin as examples, and these are used to calculate the potential and free energy change for a reaction between them. - Oxidation state diagrams (Frost diagrams) show the relative stability of different oxidation states and can predict whether redox reactions will occur between species and what the products will be.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    545 views6 pages

    Diagram Frost

    Uploaded by

    Redhita Irjiansya
    The document discusses redox (reduction-oxidation) reactions and how to analyze them. It covers: - Redox reactions involve the gain or loss of electrons during oxidation and reduction. - The standard potential (DE°) relates to the free energy change (ΔG°) and can indicate whether a redox reaction is favorable. - Half-cell reactions are provided for aluminum and tin as examples, and these are used to calculate the potential and free energy change for a reaction between them. - Oxidation state diagrams (Frost diagrams) show the relative stability of different oxidation states and can predict whether redox reactions will occur between species and what the products will be.

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    Chem 59-250 Reduction-Oxidation (RedOx) Reactions

    The gain and loss of electrons drives some of the most powerful forms of chemical reactions.
    Reduction gain of electrons Oxidation loss of electrons DE, the standard potential for an equilibrium, gives access to DG through the following relationship: DG = - nF DE
    where, n = number of electrons involved F = Faradays constant = 96.4867 kJ mol-1 V-1 (e-)-1

    Note: if DG < 0, then must be DE > 0

    So favourable reactions must have DE > 0

    Chem 59-250

    Half-Cell Reduction Potentials


    Al3+(aq) + 3 e- Al(s) DE = -1.67 V

    Sn4+(aq) + 2 e- Sn2+(aq)
    thus for:

    DE = 0.15 V

    2 Al(s) + 3 Sn4+(aq) 2 Al3+(aq) + 3 Sn2+(aq)

    DE = -(-1.67 V) + (0.15 V) = 1.82 V for 6 electrons


    So: DG = - nF DE = - (6 e-)F (1.82 V) = -1054 kJ/mol

    Chem 59-250 Balancing RedOx Reactions 1. Identify the formal oxidation of each element (and identify which element(s) are getting oxidized and which are getting reduced. 2. Write an appropriate half-cell for each element undergoing oxidation or reduction. 3. Balance the electrons involved for both oxidation and reduction (i.e. the number of electrons must be conserved)

    4. Balance the charges on each side of the reaction by adding (H+ for acidic conditions, OH- for basic conditions). 5. Balance the remaining O atoms and H atoms by adding water (H2O) to the appropriate side of the equation.

    Chem 59-250 Oxidation state diagrams (Frost Diagrams) Relative Energy vs. Oxidation State (under certain conditions)

    Provides: - Relative stability of oxidation states -Energies available or required for RedOx reactions (the slope between reactant and product)

    Chem 59-250 Oxidation state diagrams (Frost Diagrams)


    Some important information provided by Frost diagrams:

    Chem 59-250 Oxidation state diagrams (Frost Diagrams) The diagram for Mn displays many of these features. The most useful aspect of Frost diagrams is that they allow us to predict whether a RedOx reaction will occur for a given pair of reagents and what the outcome of the reaction will be. This is described in the handout.

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