Chemist
Chemist
Mendeleev was born in a village near Tobolsk in Siberia on February /8/ 1834 Dmitri was the youngest of either 11, 13, 14, or 17 siblings Because his father became blind, his mother was forced to work so she restarted her family's abandoned glass factory At the age of 13, after his father died and the destruction of his mother's factory by fire, Mendeleev attended a school that provided advanced education where he lived In 1849, his mother took Mendeleev across the entire state of Russia from Siberia to Moscow to get him a higher education Later on they relocated to Saint Petersburg, where he entered Saint Petersburg State University After graduation, he contracted tuberculosis which is an infection that commonly conducts chronic cough, blood - tinged sputum, fever, night sweats, or weight loss
Between 1859 and 1861, he worked on the capillarity of liquids which is the ability of a liquid to flow in narrow spaces without the help of, and in opposition to forces, like gravity On April /4/ 1862 he became engaged to Feova and they married on April /27/ 1862 Later on, Mendeleev became a professor at the Saint Petersburg Technological Institute and Saint Petersburg State University in 1864 and 1865 In 1865 he became a Doctor of Science
Mendeleev was honored by scientific organizations all over Europe, including the Copley Medal in 1905 from the Royal Society of London, but he resigned from Saint Petersburg University on August / 17 / 1890 In 1905, Mendeleev was elected as a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. The following year the Nobel Committee for chemistry recommended to the Swedish Academy to award the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1906 for his discovery of the periodic system
He made his periodic table by adding additional elements that developed his extended version of the periodic table For doing that he predicted the existence and properties of new elements He also set the elements out in order of their atomic weight, and then grouped them into rows based on their chemical and physical properties
Marie was born in Warsaw, in the Russian portion of Poland, on November / 7 / 1867, and was the fifth youngest child of well known teachers Her father taught mathematics and physics After Russian authorities eliminated laboratory instruction from the Polish schools, he brought much of the lab equipment home and instructed his children to use it When she was ten years old, Marie began attending the boarding school of J. Sikorska When she was ten years old she then attended a school (gymnasium) for girls, from which she graduated on June / 12 / 1883 with a gold medal
In late 1891 she left Poland to France and briefly found shelter with her sister and brother-in-law before renting an attic or small living space at the top of a house to be closer to the university She then proceeded with her studies of physics, chemistry and mathematics at the University of Paris Marie had begun her scientific career in Paris with an investigation of the magnetic properties of various steels Curie visited Poland for the last time in early 1934. A few months later on July /4/ 1934, she died probably because from her long-term exposure to radiation
In July 1898 Curie and her husband published a joint paper announcing their findings of an element which they named "polonium" which is a very radio active element. On December /26/ 1898, the Curies announced the existence of a second element, which they named "radium" which is also very radio active Between 1898 and 1902 the Curies published a total of 32 scientific papers, including ones that when exposed to radium, diseased, tumor-forming cells are destroyed faster then healthy cells To investigate more about the uranium rays, she started off by studying a variety of the chemical compounds that contained uranium. She discovered that the strength of the rays had nothing to do with wether the materiel was solid or powered, dry or wet, pure or combined with other chemical elements
She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, the only woman to win in top two fields, and the only person to win in multiple fields She won two Nobel Prizes which were for the radioactivity and the Chemistry Prize in 1911 for the isolation of pure radium
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