Nokia Wcdma Base Station Product Overview: Document Number/Version B6I 067208AE/3.0.0

NOKIA WCDMA BASE STATION Product Overview
Document Number/Version B6I 067208AE/3.0.0
1999 Nokia Networks Oy
Product Overview
The information in this document is subject to change without notice and describes only the product and its version defined in the introduction of this document. This document is intended for the use of Nokia Networks' customers only for the purposes of the agreement under which the document is submitted, and no part of it may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or means without the prior written permission of Nokia Networks. The document has been prepared to be used by professional and properly trained personnel, and the customer assumes full responsibility when using it. Nokia Networks welcomes customer comments as part of the process of continuous development and improvement of the documentation. The information or statements given in this document concerning the suitability, capacity, or performance of the mentioned hardware or software products cannot be considered binding but shall be defined in the agreement made between Nokia Networks and the customer. However, Nokia Networks has made all reasonable efforts to ensure that the instructions contained in the document are adequate and free of material errors and omissions. Nokia Networks will, if necessary, explain issues which may not be covered by the document. Nokia Networks' liability for any errors in the document is limited to the documentary correction of errors. Nokia Networks WILL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE IN ANY EVENT FOR ERRORS IN THIS DOCUMENT OR FOR ANY DAMAGES, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL (INCLUDING MONETARY LOSSES), that might arise from the use of this document or the information in it. This document and the product it describes are considered protected by copyright according to the applicable laws. NOKIA logo is a registered trademark of Nokia Corporation. Other product names mentioned in this document may be trademarks of their respective companies, and they are mentioned for identification purposes only. Copyright Nokia Networks Oy 1999. All rights reserved.
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Product Overview
CONTENTS
1. 2. GLOSSARY .............................................................................................................. 3 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 6 2.1. General ............................................................................................................. 6 2.2. Summary of the Nokia WCDMA Base Stations .............................................. 7 3. NOKIA ULTRASITE WCDMA BASE STATION.................................................. 8 3.1. Applications...................................................................................................... 8 3.1.1. 3.1.2. Coverage Solution.............................................................................. 9 Capacity Solution ............................................................................... 9
3.2. Physical Construction..................................................................................... 10 3.3. Capacity and Configurations .......................................................................... 11 4. 5. TRIPLE-MODE NOKIA ULTRASITE GSM ........................................................ 16 NOKIA METROSITE WCDMA BASE STATION ............................................... 17 5.1. Applications.................................................................................................... 17 5.2. Physical Construction..................................................................................... 17 5.3. Capacity and Configurations .......................................................................... 18 6. OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE................................................................... 19 6.1. Local Management Tool ................................................................................ 19 6.2. External Alarms and Controls ........................................................................ 20 6.3. Upgrading SW................................................................................................ 20 7. TRANSMISSION.................................................................................................... 21
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Product Overview
7.1. Introduction .................................................................................................... 21 7.2. Transmission Interfaces.................................................................................. 21 8. RADIO INTERFACE.............................................................................................. 23 8.1. RX Performance ............................................................................................. 23 8.2. Transmitting Power ........................................................................................ 23 8.3. Diversity ......................................................................................................... 23 9. CONNECTIONS ..................................................................................................... 25 9.1. Power Supply ................................................................................................. 25 9.2. Interfaces ........................................................................................................ 26 10. SITE SOLUTIONS.................................................................................................. 28 10.1. Masthead Amplifier (MHA)........................................................................... 28 10.2. Nokia UltraSite Support ................................................................................. 28 11. 12. 13. GSM CO-SITING.................................................................................................... 30 RELIABILITY......................................................................................................... 33 ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS............................................................... 34 13.1. EMC Compatibility ........................................................................................ 35 13.1.1. EMC Emission ................................................................................. 35 13.1.2. EMC Immunity ................................................................................ 35
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1.
GLOSSARY
ANT ATM Antenna Asynchronous Transfer Mode, transfer mode in which the information is organised into cells: it is asynchronous in the sense that the recurrence of cells containing information from an individual user is not necessarily periodic. ATM Cross-Connection. This entity consists of AXU and 1 to 5 IFU units. Base Station A component to isolate RF signal from DC current when both are present in the same conductor. Combines two RF signals to one conductor. Can be used if there is enough frequency separation between the signals. Electro-Magnetic Compatibility Home Location Register Inverse Multiplexed ATM Internet Protocol Interconnection point between the RNC and the Core Network. It is also considered as a reference point. Interface between the RNC and the BTS A logical interface between two RNCs. Whilst logically representing a point-to-point link between RNCs, the physical realisation may not be a point-to-point link. Local Management Tool Low Noise Amplifier Masthead Amplifier
AXC BTS Bias-T Diplexer
EMC HLR IMA IP Iu Iub Iur
LMT LNA MHA

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Product Overview
MTBF
Mean Time Between Failures, the expectation of the operational time duration between two consecutive failures of a repairable item, measured in hours, years etc. Network Management System Packet Data Gateway Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy Control bus for Site Support and Radio Links Rake, a receiver structure for CDMA system Radio Access Network Radio Frequency Radio Network Controller Receiver Service Control Point Synchronous Digital Hierarchy, transmission technique in which there are specified limits to the timing relationship of the corresponding significant instants of a signal. Smart Radio Concept Synchronous Transfer Mode Synchronous Transport Module-1. An ITU-T defined SDH physical interface for digital transmission in ATM at the rate of 155.52 Mbit/s. Universal Mobile Telecommunications System UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network: UTRAN is a conceptual term identifying that part of the network which consists of RNCs and Node BTS between Iu and Uu. The concept of UTRAN instantiation is currently undefined. (SMG2 ARC). URAN AND RAN are also used for the same purpose. RAN is preferred and used in
NMS PDG PDH Q1-Bus RAKE RAN RF RNC RX SCP SDH
SRC STM STM-1
UMTS UTRAN
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Nokia WCDMA BSS documentation. VC WAM 3G-SGSN Virtual Channel, unidirectional transport of ATM cells associated by a common unique identifier value Application Manager unit in BTS WCDMA Packet Data Access Node
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2.
INTRODUCTION
2.1. General
WCDMA technology is used on the air interface to build 3rd generation wireless communication systems. An integrated entity in the system is RAN (Radio Access Network) which includes Base Stations, Radio Network Controller and Cellular Transmission (see Figure 2-1). Nokia has planned its whole infrastructure keeping in mind the existing mobile networks. This means that in Base Station design co-siting and utilisation of existing infrastructure have been one of the major drivers. Special attention has been paid to all the areas like transmission, antenna implementation and utilisation of existing Base Station sites.
Packet Subsystem GSM mobile Co-sited GSM + WCDMA Base Station Subsystem
Base Station Controller (GSM)
Internet Internet (TCP/IP) (TCP/IP)
SGSN GGSN
Network Subsystem (GSM )

Mobile Switching Centre Home Location Register (GSM)
SIM Card GSM / UMTS mobile
GSM Base Station
BSC
MSC
IWU/TC
HLR
UMTS mobile
RNC
UMTS (WCDMA) Base Station Radio Network Controller (WCDMA) IN Service Control Point
Landline Landline NW NW (PSTN/ISDN) (PSTN/ISDN)
Figure 2-1. RAN System in WCDMA. This document focuses on describing the WCDMA Base Station. The document provides information on BTS functionality, configurations and extension possibilities. This will also give insight to some of the accessories that are very closely used together with Base Stations.
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2.2. Summary of the Nokia WCDMA Base Stations

The Nokia WCDMA Base Station family consists of different types of Base Stations: Nokia UltraSite WCDMA Base Station Indoor Nokia UltraSite WCDMA Base Station Outdoor Nokia UltraSite WCDMA Base Station Midi Indoor triple-mode Nokia UltraSite GSM Base Station Nokia MetroSite WCDMA Base Station Indoor Nokia MetroSite WCDMA Base Station Outdoor All these BTSs support cost-effectively operators' investment to the WCDMA. When acquisitioning a BTS site, the most suitable Base Station can always be selected from the Nokia WCDMA BTS family. These Base Stations feature extensive coverage solutions with best possible receiver sensitivity. If further extension to coverage is needed, together with optional Masthead Amplifier (MHA), coverage can be still expanded. The high output power of UltraSite WCDMA Base Stations can be utilised to maximise cell coverage. For capacity solutions the BTS platform provides from the beginning very highcapacity configurations. Thus operator's future expansion needs are secured already with this Nokia WCDMA Base Station family.
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Product Overview
3.
NOKIA ULTRASITE WCDMA BASE STATION
3.1. Applications
The Nokia UltraSite WCDMA Base Station is designed for coverage and capacity solutions. For the initial launch of the WCDMA, Base Stations will be optimised for fast and easy rollout allowing the WCDMA to be deployed rapidly over the initial service area. The wide product range of Base Stations easies the operator's site acquisitioning in urban, suburban and rural environments. UltraSite WCDMA BTS Indoor UltraSite WCDMA BTS Midi Indoor Triple-Mode UltraSite GSM BTS UltraSite WCDMA BTS Outdoor
Figure 3-1 Nokia UltraSite Macrocellular Solution
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Product Overview
3.1.1.
Coverage Solution Nokia has developed for coverage solution Optimum receiver sensitivity Mast Head Amplifier Smart Radio Concept (SRC) Balanced downlink power with uplink performance. Smart Radio Concept (SRC) SRC has the following benefits: improved cell coverage, reduced equipment cost and reduced radio network complexity and flexible capacity upgrade path.
3.1.2.
Capacity Solution Even though coverage is usually the main concern when deploying a cellular network, BTS is designed to also provide high capacity. With its maximum configuration it can meet very high capacity demands. For example, the 1+1+1 carrier configuration has a 50 Erlang capacity per sector. This corresponds to 2000 users under one cell (sector); i.e. total 6000 users are served by one BTS (speech usage, assumption is 25 mErl per user with 1% blocking). Multiple configurations are supported by Nokia WCDMA Base Stations. This is explained in more detail in section 3.3.
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Urban WCDMA MS Rural
Sub-Urban Indoor BTS
Outdoor BTS
Figure 3-2. Building coverage and capacity with WCDMA Base Stations
3.2. Physical Construction

Physically, the Base Station is constructed of self-standing core structure and modular plug-in units. The BTS uses the same plug-in units in different UltraSite Indoor, Outdoor and Midi Indoor configurations. This reduces the number of different units required and lowers the maintenance cost for the operator. No back-access to the BTS is required so that cabinets can be installed against a wall. For instance commissioning can be accomplished from the front and top of the cabinet. The heart of the mechanics is the self-standing core structure. A metal panel set on this structure provides EMC shielding and makes it an indoor cabinet. The alternative outdoor panel/door set (a coat) makes the cabinet IP 55 weatherproof. A Nokia UltraSite Support cabinet can be used together with Nokia Base Station cabinet. It contains power supplies which provide DC power for the Base Station; batteries and space for supporting functions like external transmission equipment.
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The Support cabinet can be either an indoor or outdoor version correspondingly with the Base Station cabinet. Together these two cabinets form a complete Base Station site and only antenna system and AC-power supply need to be provided for them. Table 1. Dimensions and weights of the Nokia UltraSite WCDMA Base Stations. Indoor Outdoor Midi Indoor
Dimensions [w x h x d] 600 x 1800 770 x 1940 600 x 1100 [mm] x 620 x 880 x 620 Empty Cabinet [kg] 1+1+1 Configuration [kg] 2+2+2 Configuration [kg] 135 230 290 205 300 360 80 180 t.b.a
3.3. Capacity and Configurations

The indoor and outdoor cabinets support the same configurations. They are designed for flexible expansion and easy configuration to support various numbers of carriers per sector. Also the number of sectors can be defined freely within capacity limitations. Typical capacity of the WCDMA carrier is illustrated in Figure 3-3. Capacity is defined with 50 % uplink load which is a practical load to dimension a network. Higher capacity can be achieved by the individual carriers (soft capacity) even up to 2 Mbit/s.
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Product Overview
50 Erlang
800kbps
Soft Capacity
Capacity per carrier
Data
Voice
100% Voice
100% Data
Figure 3-3. Typical air interface capacity of one WCDMA carrier. Number of subscribers supported by one WCDMA carrier is highly dependent on the data rate per user. Also, only an average can be estimated and, at cell level, the capacities can vary significantly because of the soft capacity feature of WCDMA. Thus only an example of carrier capacity can be calculated with the following assumptions: 50/50 voice/data split 300 kbit/s average throughput for non real-time data. 25 Erl. for voice services. Thus, one carrier can support 1000 data users with the following assumptions: 100 simultaneous sessions, average data rate per session is assumed to be 3 kbit/s. The session is estimated to last less than 10 minutes. 900 in idle mode 90 to 95 calls are inactive, thus not using radio resources 5 to 10 calls are in active session with radio resource allocated. The assumed data rate in active session varies between 64 - 144 kbit/s and the active session is estimated to last a few seconds. Simultaneously 1000 voice users can be supported with the assumption of 25 mErl. per user load. The capacity of the Nokia WCDMA Macro BTS is designed to be flexible. The first release of the product will support configurations with up to six carriers. The
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Product Overview
second release, which is fully upgradeable to the first release cabinets, will then expand capacity to big configurations like 4+4+4+4+4+4 with multiple cabinets. The Nokia UltraSite WCDMA BTS platform supports the future large configuration needs already from the beginning. Table 2. Configuration table for the Nokia UltraSite WCDMA Base Station
Configuration Number of cabinets Output power per carrier 20 W 20 W Max. HW channel capacity / HW Rel.1 576 576 Max. HW channel capacity / HW Rel.2 1152 1152
3 carrier omni 3 sector 1 carrier (1+1+1) 3 sector 1 carrier (1+1+1) 6 sector 1 carrier (1+1+1+1+1+1) 3 sector 2 carrier (2+2+2) 3 sector 4 carrier (4+4+4)* 3 sector 4 carrier (4+4+4)* 6 sector 2 carrier (2+2+2+2+2+2)* 6 sector 2 carrier (2+2+2+2+2+2)* 6 sector 4 carrier (4+4+4+4+4+4)* 6 sector 4 carrier (4+4+4+4+4+4)* * Available in Release 2.
1 1
40 W
576
1152
20 W
576
1152
20 W
576
1152
20 W
1152
2304
10 W
576
1152
10 W
576
1152
20 W
1152
2304
10 W
1152
2304
20 W
2304
4608
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Product Overview
Note 1, Configurations with up to 6 carriers (6 sector 1 carrier OR 3 sector 2 carrier) will be available in Release 1. Larger configurations will be supported in Release 2. Note 2, Depending on the network capacity requirements the number of installed capacity can be lower than the maximum. can be matched with the air interface capacity.
Table 3 Configuration table for the Nokia UltraSite WCDMA Midi Base Station Indoor
Configuration Number of cabinets Output power per carrier 20 W 20 W Max. HW channel capacity / HW Rel.1 288 288 Max. HW channel capacity / HW Rel.2 576 576
3 carrier omni 3 sector 1 carrier (1+1+1) 2+2+2* 2+2+2*
1 1
2 1
20 W 10W
576 576
1152 1152
* Available in Release 2. The front view of Nokia UltraSite WCDMA Base Station Indoor is provided in Figure 3-4.
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Product Overview
Figure 3-4. The front view of Nokia UltraSite WCDMA BTS Indoor cabinet.
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Product Overview
4.
TRIPLE-MODE NOKIA ULTRASITE GSM

Nokia UltraSite GSM BTS Indoor cabinet can house up to 12 TRXs, or up to 6 GSM/EDGE TRXs and 6 WCDMA carriers (Release 2), or they can be configured to hold up to 6 TRXs and an optional integrated battery backup system. Nokia UltraSite GSM BTS provides a smooth evolution from GSM to WCDMA with the capability to simultaneously enclose both GSM and WCDMA carriers in a single Indoor cabinet.
GSM/EDGE
WCDMA part
Figure 4-1 The Triple-Mode Nokia UltraSite GSM Base Station with WCDMA functionality Indoor Dimensions [w x h x d][] Empty Cabinet [kg] 1+1+1 Configuration [kg] 2+2+2 Configuration [kg]
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600 x 1700 x 580 110 t.b.a t.b.a

Product Overview
5.
NOKIA METROSITE WCDMA BASE STATION
5.1. Applications
Nokia MetroSite WCDMA Base Station is designed for micro and macro-cellular solutions. Because of its compact size and light weight, it is suitable for installations in locations with limited space and it can be used for multiple purposes such as: Focused coverage enhancement infill coverage Indoor coverage from outdoors Roadside coverage Microcellular networks
5.2. Physical Construction

The Nokia MetroSite WDMA Base Station uses the same plug-in units as other Nokia's WCDMA BTS types except the linear power amplifier and power supply. The BTS is physically small and light-weight. It is designed for both indoor and outdoor installation environments. Power feed, antenna and chaining cables are connected through the bottom of the cabinet. The appearance of the BTS has been designed to be unobtrusive. Its mechanical structure supports installation on poles or walls. These features ease the siteacquisition process by making it possible to utilise different site locations.
Indoor Dimensions [w x h x d] 320 x 750 x 420 [mm] Weight [kg] 40
Outdoor 420 x 800 x 470 50
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Product Overview
Figure 5-1. The Nokia MetroSite WCDMA Base Station Indoor
5.3. Capacity and Configurations

Capacity is optimised for main application areas. In Table 4 the supported capacity and configurations are listed. Table 4. The Nokia MetroSite WCDMA Base Station capacity and configurations
Number of cabinets Output power per carrier 5W 2.5 W 5W 2.5 W Max. HW channel capacity / HW Rel.1 64 64 192 192 Max. HW channel capacity / HW Rel.2 128 128 384 384
Configuration
1 carrier omni 2 carrier omni (Rel. 2) 1+1+1 2 + 2 + 2 (Rel. 2)
1 1 3 3
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Product Overview
6.
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE
6.1. Local Management Tool

The Local Management Tool (LMT) concept means that the BTS and the Transmission Management tool are integrated so that the physical interface (cable and connectors) are the same but there are two different applications running on the PC in Windows environment. The user has all the required software tools to configure the BTS on his PC. The PC is connected to the BTS by means of a RS232 cable or by an Ethernet connection.
Figure 6-1. Base station can be controlled locally by using a PC with LMT software
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Product Overview
6.2. External Alarms and Controls

The BTS inputs and outputs may be configured and tested locally on the BTS site with the LMT. In normal operation, the Base Station external alarms and control outputs are managed from the NMS after they have been configured according to the operator's needs. There are total 24 user-definable external inputs and 6 usercontrollable outputs available. These can be freely configured to support different observation or control needs at the Base Station site.
6.3. Upgrading SW
Only downloadable SW is used in the BTS. This means that all the software can be downloaded and updated from the NMS remotely. This will be done in a centralised way so that several Base Stations can be upgraded with a new software package at the same time or one by one as preferred by the operator. The Base Station keeps current and old SW package in its flash memory plus a back-up copy of the most recent version which is in use. In case of, for example, a power outage this package will be brought into use in a few seconds from the flash memory. New downloading will take place from the NMS if the software is upgraded to a new version (or doing the integration phase when taking a new Base Station into service). Downloading of the new software package can be done as a background process which does not disrupt the traffic in the BTS. After the software package is downloaded to the BTS's flash memory it can be activated. The SW package of the BTS can be upgraded also locally using the LMT. Local software downloading is done typically only when NMS connection is missing i.e. during the commissioning.
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7.
TRANSMISSION
7.1. Introduction
The transport between RNC and Base Stations (Iub interface) is based on ATM. A solution which allows to use the already available PDH or SDH based transmission networks has been chosen. The UMTS ATM Iub traffic can be transported over the existing transmission systems by using inverse multiplexing (IMA). Hence there is no immediate reason to change or modify the existing access network, except for the necessary capacity upgrades due to increased traffic. Some network topology changes maybe required. The RAN (BTS-RNC) transmission can be based on star, chain, tree and loop topologies. The physical transmission links can be shared between the UMTS generated traffic and the second generation mobile traffic and/or fixed traffic. Each WCDMA Base Station has an internal ATM cross-connect node. Through the interfaces available for this ATM switch, the Base Station can be connected to the available PDH and SDH transmission networks. A wide range of transmission media is available from Nokia and many of the solutions can be easily connected and/or fully integrated into the Base Station.
7.2. Transmission Interfaces

A variety of Transmission Interfaces will be available to connect the WCDMA Base Station to the existing transmission networks. Each UltraSite WCDMA Base Station will have 5 slots and UltraSite WCDMA Base Station Midi will have two slots which can be used for transmission interface units. In the Nokia MetroSite WCDMA BTS there will be place for one transmission interface unit. The following transmission interfaces will be provided: 8*E1/JT1 with IMA (JT1 = Japanese 1.5 Mbit/s PDH) 4*JT2 with IMA (JT2 = Japanese 6.4 Mbit/s PDH) 3*STM-1 (VC-4) 3*STM-0 (VC-3) (Japan) 3 * Nokia Flexbus with Inverse Multiplexed ATM (IMA) connection to Nokia Microwave equipment (available in Release 2)
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Taking the number of interfaces per plug-in unit into account, the maximum configuration could be five interface plug-in units in one Nokia UltraSite WCDMA Base Station cabinet. I.e. there could be 5 x 8 x E1 = 40 E1 connections available in one cabinet for example. If entirely used for SDH connections, there could be total 15 STM-1 connections. However switching capacity in the AXC is limited to 1.2 Gbits/s. This sets the maximum of ATM cells that can be handled. It is possible to use fractional E1's to add full and/or partial E1's filled with WCDMA traffic to the existing GSM traffic without disturbing existing GSM traffic. Circuit emulation can be used to add the GSM traffic to the WCDMA (ATM) traffic.
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8.
RADIO INTERFACE
The WCDMA system is specified to operate within the following frequency band. RX Frequencies: TX Frequencies: 1920-1980 MHz 2110-2170 MHz
With the 190 MHz duplex separation, Nokia Base Station supports the whole frequency band fully with its all configurations.
8.1. RX Performance
The BTS receiver sensitivity is at least -128 dBm in static channel with the following conditions: 0.1% BER for 8 kbit/s codec (30 ksps for data + 15 ksps for control) Average White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel type 2-branch receive diversity with non-correlated signals fed to antenna connectors
8.2. Transmitting Power

Output power in different configurations is described in Table 2, Table 3 and Table 4.
8.3. Diversity
The WCDMA system concept inherently enables the use of several types of diversity. Using a single carrier frequency within the network allows for soft handovers between Base Stations and softer handovers between different sectors of the same Base Station. The soft handover case can be considered to be macro diversity, while the softer handover case can utilise other types of diversity, such as antenna diversity and multipath diversity. Antenna diversity utilises several receive antennas. To receive gain from multipath diversity, the receiver must detect the different delays of the multipath components. This is possible, because of the high bandwidth of the received signal.
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The soft handover is shown by user A in the figure below. There exists a soft handover region at the edges of the Base Station cells where the mobile unit is communicating with both Base Stations simultaneously. In the downlink, the mobile receives the signal from two Base Stations and gets performance gain from antenna and multipath diversity. In the uplink, the signal from the mobile is detected separately in both Base Stations and macro diversity gain is achieved by combining the results in the Radio Network Controller. User B in the figure is utilising softer handover. The downlink case looks about the same as soft handover from the mobile unit point of view. In the uplink, the signal is combined within the same Base Station, which allows for performance gain from spatial, antenna and multipath diversity. Extra antenna and multipath diversity gain can be achieved by combining multipath components from all the antennas in the same RAKE receiver.
Sector1 B Sector2 BS
BS
RNC
Figure 8-1. Soft and softer handovers are presented in above figure. This provides diversity gain in RNC and BTS level correspondingly. Antenna and multipath diversity are the forms of diversity utilised in the RAKE receiver. A selected number of multipath components from any of the antennas are chosen by the RAKE for allocation. All allocated multipath components are despread and demodulated independently. The resulting demodulated symbols from each branch are combined using maximal ratio combining. Each symbol to be combined represents the energy collected from a different delay from any of the antennas giving both antenna and multipath diversity gain. Two port receive diversity is a standard feature. Four port receive diversity is part of optional Nokia Smart Radio Concept (SRC). It is possible to handle softer handover combining for six sectors.
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Product Overview
9.
CONNECTIONS
9.1. Power Supply

The BTS can be operated using the following nominal supply voltages in indoor and outdoor cabinets. Following input voltages are possible to connect to the Base Station cabinet: 48V DC power (with positive or negative grounding) 200240V AC power If the UltraSite Support cabinet is used together with the Base Station, then AC supply is connected into the UltraSite Support System cabinet. Power consumption figures for different Base Station configurations are given in the table below. Table 5. The Nokia UltraSite WCDMA Base Station power consumption
Indoor 1990 W 3970 W 6560 W 6560 W Outdoor 2110 W 4040 W 6660 W 6670 W
Configuration Omni, 1 carrier 1+1+1 2+2+2 6x1
Table 6.
The Nokia MetroSite WCDMA Base Station power consumption

Indoor 800 W Outdoor 930 W
Configuration Omni, 1 carrier
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Product Overview
9.2. Interfaces
NOTE
In the Nokia UltraSite WCDMA Base Station all the connections are done through the top of the cabinet and in the Nokia WCDMA MetroSite Base Station allthe connections are done through the bottom of the cabinet..
Iub - connection to RNC The connector for the Iub is found at the top of the cabinet. Transmission configurations are explained in chapter "Transmission Interface". LMT Local Management Tool interface There is a connection for a Local Management Tool for commissioning, operations, maintenance and testing of the BTS. It gives access for testing and manipulating the BTS via a local LMT terminal. Both RS232 type serial connection and Ethernet connection are possible. Antenna connectors Antenna feeders are connected to BTS antenna connections. The maximum number of antenna connections depends on cabinet type. Antenna connectors are of 7/16 type in UltraSite and N-type in MetroSite. For RX connections between the cabinets there are also rf connectors available to connect several cabinets together (to achieve higher capacity configurations). Control bus for Site Support and Radio Links The connection between the Base Station cabinet and site support system cabinet, and also between the BTS and any Nokia Radio Link equipment on the site. This interface carries initialisation and control data and signalling from the Base Station cabinet to the site support system cabinet and to the Radio Link equipment. It also carries alarms from the site support system cabinet and the Radio Link equipment to the Base Station. The connector can be found at the top of the Base Station cabinet and at the top of the site support cabinet. Power Feeding The power supply for the Base Station is connected to the power feed connectors at the top of the cabinet. Voltages can be connected to the DC connectors or AC connectors. External Alarms and Controls
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Product Overview
External alarms and control signals. For collecting simple ON/OFF type external alarms (24) from any equipment external to the BTS, and for providing ON/OFF type control signals (6) for controlling any external devices.
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Product Overview
10. SITE SOLUTIONS

10.1.Masthead Amplifier (MHA)
To extend the coverage capability an optional masthead amplifier is provided. It is a one-box unit, to be installed at the top of a tower. The purpose of this unit is to compensate the loss of the received signal in the antenna cables and to improve link budget. Masthead Amplifier can be used with duplexed connections into antennas i.e. transmitter and receiver are in the same antenna connection.
MH A
MH A
Bias-T Bias-T
Site Outdoor Support BS
Figure 10-1. Using MHA with Nokia Outdoor Base Station and Support cabinet
10.2. Nokia UltraSite Support

Nokia provides a complete Base Station site package to operators. This includes power systems, batteries, transmission, antenna systems and complementary systems like installation materials. The Nokia UltraSite Support cabinet is developed to provide power system, battery back-up and space for external
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Product Overview
transmission equipment. This space can be utilised with Nokia supplied transmission equipment and with other suppliers equipment as well. In WCDMA, the UltraSite Support cabinet has been designed to support both indoor and outdoor versions of the BTS. Functionality of both versions of UltraSite Support is exactly the same. The only difference is that the indoor model is designed to be used in the same environmental conditions as the UltraSite WCDMA Base Station Indoor. The UltraSite Support Outdoor cabinet is again designed to match the outdoor specifications of the BTS. The Base Station cabinet and the Support cabinet fit together as a single entity with exactly the same physical appearance. The figure below shows the similarity between UltraSite Support and Outdoor cabinets.
Figure 10-2. Nokia UltraSIte WCDMA Base Station Outdoor cabinet with Support cabinet All connections between the cabinets are done under the cabinet roof. From the NMS management point of view both cabinets can be treated as a single Base Station site. The NMS is capable of collecting alarms and doing necessary control functions for the Support cabinet as well as the Base Station.
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Product Overview
11. GSM CO-SITING

When utilising existing GSM Base Station sites the compatibility of the WCDMA Base Station to existing Nokia BTSs is a major issue. Nokia has designed the WCDMA Base Station so that it can be installed as easily as possible to an existing site. The figure below illustrates the principle how this can be achieved.
MHA Diplexer Bias-T Diplexer Iub Pwr Bias-T
Diplexer Abis/Iub To/From BSC/RNC
Bias-T
GSM BTS
WCDMA
BS
Figure 11-1. Combining WCDMA Base Station with GSM Base Station to same antenna feeder with diplexer and Bias-T Compatibility has been considered for the following areas: Mechanics Nokia UltraSite WCDMA BTS has similar floor space requirement as corresponding GSM BTSs have, and share the same fixing points. Dimensions of cabinets are about the same as in GSM. The appearance of Nokia UltraSite WCDMA BTS and GSM BTS cabinets is the same.
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MHA Diplexer Bias-T
Product Overview
Power System When Nokia UltraSite WCDMA Base Stations are installed to existing GSM sites, the same kind of connections and power supplies can be used. Existing alarm connections can be connected to the WCDMA BTS as well, like fire alarm, door alarm etc. Customer-specific alarm input and control output electrical specifications are the same, thus allowing full interchangeability between connections. Common UltraSite Support cabinet can be used for both GSM and WCDMA. Antennas To minimise the work to add WCDMA antennas to GSM Base Station sites, some of the existing antenna infrastructure can be reused. A diplexer is an attractive way to add a WCDMA BTS to existing sites if the additional loss can be tolerated in the antenna line. Actual losses are dependent on the combination but for example in the GSM 900 /WCDMA case typical loss is less than 0.5 dB. Nokia will supply diplexers to all needed combinations. Bias-T is a component to be able to feed power to MHA in antenna tower using antenna feeder. Nokia BTS supports these kinds of connections up to maximum number of antennas.
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Product Overview
Figure 11-2
WCDMA BTS can be co-sited with GSM
Commissioning, Integration and Management The Local Management Tool, LMT, will provide support for both WCDMA and new generation GSM systems. This would allow personnel to do commissioning and integration with the same tools i.e. same PC. They would only use different application software for the different Base Station technologies. Transmission Transmission in existing sites can be efficiently utilised when WCDMA is added. This has been a very important transmission design criteria for WCDMA Base Stations. The Nokia WCDMA BTS is capable of connecting to existing PDH/SDH networks. If there is excess capacity or possibility to increase capacity in those networks, WCDMA Base Stations are able to use it. Same kind of physical interfaces will be used in both GSM and WCDMA systems. This will allow easy connection to the existing transmission. Transmission capacity can be shared by using fractional E1's or circuit emulation.
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Product Overview
12. RELIABILITY
The BTS is designed to meet the availability targets of the highest standard. Simplicity and the speed of maintenance procedures are the prerequisites for the high availability of the Base Station. The maintenance is improved by modularity of the equipment, automatic fault detection procedures and elimination of the downtime by using redundancy of the units.
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Product Overview
13. ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS

The Nokia WCDMA Base Stations have been designed to meet operational requirements in different environments. Different models are available for indoor and outdoor usage. Outdoor usage means that the cabinet is exposed fully to the outside air and climate. No additional protection against weather is required. The Table 7 lists the environmental specifications for the Nokia BTS. Table 7. Environmental specifications and requirements Indoor Cabinets Temperature Range [C] Transportation -5 - +50 ETSI 300 019-1-2, Class 2.2, climate conditions according to class 2.3 ETSI 300 019-1-1, Class 1.3E, IEC class 1M4 ETSI 300 019-1-3, class 3.2 Outdoor Cabinets -33 - +50 ETSI 300 019-1-2, Class 2.2, climate conditions according to class 2.3 ETSI 300 019-1-1, Class 1.3E, IEC class 1M4 ETSI 300 019-1-4, class 4.1 and IEC class 4M3
Storage Operational Noise Night Time (1+1+1 config. in +15 C) Day Time (1+1+1 config. in +23 C)
56 dB(A) 65 dB(A)
56 dB(A) 65 dB(A)
Ingress Protection [According to Specification] Safety [According to Specification] Earthquake Requirements [According to
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IP20
IP55
IEC-950, UL1950 and EN6950 ETSI 300 019, 1-3/1-4
IEC-950, UL1950 and EN6950 ETSI 300 019, 2-3/2-4
Product Overview
Specification]
13.1.EMC Compatibility
EMC compatibility of the Nokia WCDMA Base Station is according to following specifications: 89/336/EEC (1989): Council Directive on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to electromagnetic compatibility
13.1.1. EMC Emission EN500081-1 (1992): "Electromagnetic compatibility Generic emission standard. Part 1: Residential, commercial and light industry". EN55022 (1994): "Limits and methods of measurement of radio disturbance characteristics of information technology equipment". CISPR Publication No. 16-1 (1993): Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods". (Note that this corresponds to the Japanese VCCI requirements).
IEC 61000-3-2: "Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 3: Limits - Section 2: Limits for harmonic current emissions (equipment input current =< 16 A) ". IEC 61000-3-3: "Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 3: Limits - Section 3: Limitation of voltage fluctuations and flicker in low-voltage supply systems for equipment with rated current =<16 A" 13.1.2. EMC Immunity EN 50082-1 (1992): "Electromagnetic compatibility Generic immunity standard. Part 1: Residential, commercial and light industry". EN 61000-4-3 (1996): "Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 4: Testing and measurement techniques Section 3: Radiated, Radio-frequency electromagnetic field immunity test". EN 61000-4-2 (1996): "Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 4: Testing and measurement techniques Section 2: Electrostatic discharge immunity test + Basic EMC Publication". EN 61000-4-4 (1996): "Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 4: Testing and measurement techniques Section 4: Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test + Basic EMC Publication".
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Product Overview
EN 61000-4-6 (1996): "Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 4: Testing and measurement techniques Section 6: Immunity to conducted disturbances induced by radio-frequency fields". EN 61000-4-11 (1996): "Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 4: Testing and measurement techniques Section 11: Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations, immunity tests". EN 61000-4-5 (1996): "Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 4: Testing and measurement techniques Section 5: Surge immunity tests". IEC 1000-4-9: Pulse magnetic field immunity test.
IEC 1000-4-8: "Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Part 4. Testing and measurement techniques Section 8: Power frequency magnetic field immunity test, Basic EMC Publication"
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Nokia Wcdma Base Station Product Overview: Document Number/Version B6I 067208AE/3.0.0

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NOKIA WCDMA BASE STATION Product Overview

Document Number/Version B6I 067208AE/3.0.0

1999 Nokia Networks Oy

1999 Nokia Networks Oy

Document Number/Version B6I 067208AE/3.0.0

Document Number/Version B6I 067208AE/3.0.0

1999 Nokia Networks Oy

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AXC BTS Bias-T Diplexer

EMC HLR IMA IP Iu Iub Iur

LMT LNA MHA

NMS PDG PDH Q1-Bus RAKE RAN RF RNC RX SCP SDH

SRC STM STM-1

Document Number/Version B6I 067208AE/3.0.0

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1999 Nokia Networks Oy

Internet Internet (TCP/IP) (TCP/IP)

Network Subsystem (GSM )

SIM Card GSM / UMTS mobile

GSM Base Station

Landline Landline NW NW (PSTN/ISDN) (PSTN/ISDN)

1999 Nokia Networks Oy

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2.2. Summary of the Nokia WCDMA Base Stations

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NOKIA ULTRASITE WCDMA BASE STATION

Figure 3-1 Nokia UltraSite Macrocellular Solution

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Urban WCDMA MS Rural

Sub-Urban Indoor BTS

3.2. Physical Construction

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3.3. Capacity and Configurations

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Capacity per carrier

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3 carrier omni 3 sector 1 carrier (1+1+1) 2+2+2* 2+2+2*

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TRIPLE-MODE NOKIA ULTRASITE GSM

600 x 1700 x 580 110 t.b.a t.b.a

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NOKIA METROSITE WCDMA BASE STATION

5.2. Physical Construction

Indoor Dimensions [w x h x d] 320 x 750 x 420 [mm] Weight [kg] 40

Outdoor 420 x 800 x 470 50

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Figure 5-1. The Nokia MetroSite WCDMA Base Station Indoor

5.3. Capacity and Configurations

1 carrier omni 2 carrier omni (Rel. 2) 1+1+1 2 + 2 + 2 (Rel. 2)