Thermodynamics Practice Soln
Thermodynamics Practice Soln
Thermodynamics Practice Soln
6 kJ mol-1; C2H6(g) -1560 kJ mol-1 (note: the first two enthalpies correspond to the enthalpy of formation of carbon dioxide and water respectively) Calculate the standard enthalpy of formation of ethane, C2H6(g) Solution: We will use the enthalpy of combustion of ethane to find its enthalpy of formation: 7 2 6 + 2 2 2 + 3 2 2
We note that (2 ) = 0 according to the definition of standard enthalpy. Therefore, unknown (2 6 ) can be solved for (2 6 ) = 2 (2 ) + 3 (2 )
= 2 (2 ) + 3 (2 ) (2 6 )
(2 6 ) = 2(393) + 3(285) (1560) = 81 / (b) Given the following bond enthalpies (bond energies) in kJ mol-1; C-H 412; C-C 347; O-H 464; O=O 498; C=O 805 (for CO2); C-O 358 calculate the enthalpy of combustion of ethane. You will not get -1560 kJ mol-1. The bond enthalpy method is much less accurate than tabulated enthalpies of formation. Solution: Construct a reaction scheme that shows the individual bonds
H H C H
H C H H + 3 1/2 O O 2 O C O + 3 H O H
6 C-H bonds + 1 C-C 3.5 O=O double bonds = 6(412)+347+3.5(498) = 4562 kJ/mol Count the bonds formed : 4 C=O + 6 O-H = 4(804) + 6(464) = -6004 kJ/mol The total is 4562 6004 kJ/mol = -1442 kJ/mol
2. Given the following standard enthalpies of combustion (298K, 1 atmos.): C(s) -393 kJ mol-1; H2(g) -285.6 kJ mol-1; C8H18(l) -5512 kJ mol-1; Calculate the enthalpy of formation of octane, C8H18(l) Solution: Use Hess law. The enthalpy of formation of octane can be written as 8 () + 9 2 () 8 18 () (8 18 )
(8 18 ) = 8 (393) + 9(285.6) (5512) = 202.4 / 3. Given the following standard enthalpies of combustion (298K, 1 atmos.): C(s) -393 kJ mol-1; H2(g) -285.6 kJ mol-1; and the enthalpy of formation of cyclohexane, C6H12(l) -156 kJ mol-1; Calculate the enthalpy of combustion of cyclohexane, C6H12(l) Solution: Use Hess law. The enthalpy of combustion of cyclohexane can be written as 6 12 () + 15 2 () 6 2 () + 6 2 () (6 12 )
(8 18 ) = 8 (2 ) + 9 (2 ) (8 18 )
1 2 () + 2 () 2 () 2
() + 2 () 2 ()
25 () 8 2 () + 9 2 () (8 18 ) 2 2 (2 ) (2 )
(2 )
(6 12 ) = 6(393) + 6(285.6) (156) = 3915.6 / 4. (a) Given the following standard enthalpies of combustion (298K, 1 atmos.): C(s) -393 kJ mol-1; H2(g) -285.6 kJ mol-1; and the enthalpy of formation of ethanoic acid, CH3COOH(l) -487 kJ mol-1 Calculate the enthalpy of combustion of ethanoic acid, CH3COOH(l)
(6 12 ) = 6 (2 ) + 6 (2 ) (6 12 )
(2 )
Solution: Use Hess law. The enthalpy of combustion of ethanoic acid (acetic acid) can be written as 3 () + 2 2 () 2 2 () + 2 2 () (3 ) 2 () + 2 2 () + 2 () 3 () 1 2 () + 2 () 2 () 2 () + 2 () 2 () (3 )
(2 ) = 393
(6 12 ) = 2 (2 ) + 2 (2 ) (3 )
(2 ) = 286
(3 ) = 2(393) + 2(286) (487) = 871 / 5. Given the following standard Enthalpies of Formation (298K, 1 atmos.): NH3(g) -46.2 kJ mol-1; HCl(g) -92.3 kJ mol-1; NH4Cl(s) -315.0 kJ mol-1; Calculate the enthalpy change for the reaction: NH4Cl(s) NH3(g) + HCl(g) Solution: = (3 ) + () (4 )
Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.
Alternative Proxies: