Static General Knowledge - I PDF

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CLATGYAN | STATIC GENERAL KNOWLEDGE - 1

- Dadasaheb Phalke Award

The Dadasaheb Phalke Award is India's highest award in cinema given annually
by the Government of India for lifetime contribution to Indian cinema. The
Award is given to a prominent personality from the Indian film industry, noted
and respected for significant contributions to Indian cinema. Devika Rani
Chaudhuri Roerich was the first awardee in 1969.

- Dronacharya Award

Dronacharya Award is an award presented by the government of India for
excellence in sports coaching. O.M. Nambiar for athletics , Om Prakash
Bhardwaj for boxing and BB Bhagwat for wrestling were the first recipients in
1985.

- Nobel Prize

The Nobel Prize is a set of annual international awards bestowed in a number of
categories by Swedish and Norwegian committees in recognition of cultural
and/or scientific advances. The will of the Swedish inventor Alfred Nobel
established the prizes in 1895.

The prizes in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace
were first awarded in 1901. The related Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic
Sciences was created in 1968.

The Peace Prize is awarded in Oslo, Norway, while the other prizes are awarded
in Stockholm, Sweden.

- List of first recipients of the Nobel Prize:


-Wilhelm Conrad Rntgen received the first Physics Prize for his discovery of X-
rays.
-The first laureates for the Economics Prize were Jan Tinbergen and Ragnar
Frisch for having developed and applied dynamic models for the analysis of
economic processes.
-The Swedish Academy chose the poet Sully Prudhomme for the first Nobel Prize
in Literature.
-The first Physiology or Medicine Prize went to the German physiologist and
microbiologist Emil von Behring who developed an antitoxin to treat diphtheria.
-Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff of Netherlands won the first Chemistry Prize for
discovery of the laws of chemical dynamics and osmotic pressure in solutions".
-The first Nobel Peace Prize was awarded in 1901 to Frdric Passy and Henry
Dunant. Passy got it for being one of the main founders of the Inter-
Parliamentary Union and also the main organizer of the first Universal Peace
Congress. Dunant received it for his role in founding the International
Committee of the Red Cross.

- Indians who have won the Nobel Prizes

-Rabindranath Tagore was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1913 for
his Geetanjali. He was also the first Asian to win the prize.
-Nobel Prize in Physics: C. V. Raman in 1930.
-Nobel Prize in Medicine: Har Gobind Khorana in 1968 (US citizen of Indian
origin)
-Nobel Peace Prize: Mother Teresa of Calcutta in 1979 (Indian citizen of
Albanian origin)
-Nobel Prize in Physics: Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar in 1983 (US citizen of
Indian origin)
-Nobel Prize in Economics: Amartya Sen in 1998
-Nobel Prize in Chemistry: Venkatraman Ramakrishnan in 2009 (USA citizen of
Indian origin)


- A list of Indian firsts

President of Indian Republic: Dr Rajendra Prasad
Vice President of Indian Republic: Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
Defence Minister of India: Baldev Singh
Indian Commander-in-Chief of Free India: General Kodandera Madappa
Cariappa
Chief of Air Staff: Air Marshal Sir Thomas Elmhirst
Indian Chief of Staff: General Kodandera Madappa Cariappa
Commander-in-Chief, IAF: Air Marshal Subroto Mukerjee
Chief of Naval Staff: Vice Admiral R D Katari
Cosmonaut: Sqn Ldr Rakesh Sharma
Field Marshal: Sam Manekshaw
First female jawan in the Army: Shanti Tigga
First Param Vir Chakra Winner: Major Som Nath Sharma
Person to reach the South Pole: Col Jatinder Kumar Bajaj
Woman to scale Mount Everest: Bachendri Pal
Person to reach the North Pole: Jagannathan Srinivasaraghavan
Person to have walked across Gobi desert: Sucheta Kadethankar
Indian to swim across the English Channel: Mihir Sen, 1958.
Woman to swim across the English Channel: Arati Saha, 1959
Formula One racer: Narain Karthikeyan
Formula One team: Force India F1
Person to equal world record in Archery: Limba Ram, 1992
Shiva Keshavan, first Indian to win 2 Gold Medals for India in Winter sports
Sushil Kumar (wrestler) is the first Indian to win back to back Olympic medals
(Bronze and Silver in the 2008 and 2012 Summer Olympics respectively)
Chess Grandmaster: Male - Viswanathan Anand, 1988.
Female - Koneru Humpy 2002
Mr. Universe: Manohar Aich in 1952
Miss World: Reita Faria in 1966. (She was also the first Asian to win the title.)


Miss Universe: Sushmita Sen in 1994
Miss Earth: Nicole Faria in 2010
Man Booker Prize: Arundhati Roy for her novel "The God of Small Things" in the
year 1997.
Bharat Ratna: Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, C. Rajagopalachari, and C. V.
Raman in 1954
Magsaysay Award: Vinoba Bhave, 1958
Oscar for Lifetime Achievement - Satyajit Ray
Nishan-e-Pakistan: Morarji Desai, 1990
First Indian filmmaker to get Bharat Ratna: Satyajit Ray
Sound film: Alam Ara (1931) directed by Ardeshir Irani
Sound engineer to win an Oscar: Resul Pookutty for Slumdog Millionaire
Music director to win an Oscar and first double Oscar winner-Mr. A. R. Rahman
for Slumdog Millionaire
Oscar nomination for Best Foreign Language Film: Mother India
Oscar for Lifetime Achievement: Satyajit Ray
Sponsored TV serial: Hum Log, started on 7 July 1984, was also the first soap
opera of India, ran for 156 episodes
3-D film: My Dear Kuttichathan, a Malayalam film, produced in 1984, dubbed in
Hindi as Chhota Chetan.
Hindi film screened at the United Nations: Lage Raho Munna Bhai, 10
November 2006,directed by Rajkumar Hirani
President of the Indian National Congress: Womesh Chandra Bannerjee, 1885
President of the Indian National Congress of independent India: Acharya
Kripalani, till November 1947
President: Rajendra Prasad (19501962)
First Woman President: Pratibha Patil (20072012)
The first Chief Election Commissioner : Sukumar Sen
Vice-President: Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
Prime Minister: Jawaharlal Nehru (194764
Deputy Prime Minister: Vallabhbhai Patel (19471950)
Law Minister of India: B. R. Ambedkar


Leader of Opposition: A. K. Gopalan
Women Railway Minister of India: Mamata Banerjee
The first Viceroy of India: Lord Canning, 1858
Governor-General of India: Warren Hastings, 1773
Governor-General of Independent India: Lord Mountbatten, 1947
Indian Governor-General of Indian Union: C Rajagopalachari, 1948
Chief Justice of India: H. J. Kania (19471951)
Indian ICS Officer: Satyendranath Tagore, 1863
Speaker of Lok Sabha: G.V. Mavlankar (19521956)
Presentation of First Budget after India's Independence: R. K. Shanmukhan
Chetty
First Home Minister of India: Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel
First Indian President to die in Office: Dr Zakir Hussain
First Chief Minister to die in Office: C.N.Annadurai, Tamil Nadu
First Indian Prime Minister to resign from office: Morarji Desai, 1979
First woman Cabinet Minister in India: Rajkumari Amrit Kaur
First woman Minister in India: Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit
First woman Chief Minister: Sucheta Kriplani, UP
First woman Governor of a State: Sarojini Naidu (Governor of Uttar Pradesh,
194749)
First female Home Minister: Sabitha Indra Reddy in Andhra Pradesh Govt.
First woman Speaker of the Lok Sabha: Meira Kumar
Woman in space: Kalpana Chawla
Test-tube baby: Durga Agarwal, born 1978
Nuclear Reactor: Apsara, Mumbai
Satellite: Aryabhata, launched on 19 April 1975
Olympic team medal: Gold in Field Hockey, Amsterdam, beating the
Netherlands in the Finals.
Individual medal (in British India): Two Silver medals by Norman Pritchard in
200 metres and 200 metres hurdles at the 1900 Summer Olympics, Paris. (This
is disputed however. The IOC claims he participated for India. The IAAF records
him as participant for Great Britain.)


Individual medal: Bronze by K. D. Jadhav for Wrestling at the 1952 Summer
Olympics in Helsinki.
Medal in Tennis: Leander Paes at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta.
Individual medal by a woman: Bronze by Karnam Malleswari for weightlifting
54 kg class, at the 2000 Summer Olympics Sydney.
Individual Gold medal: Abhinav Bindra in the 10 m Air Rifle event at the 2008
Summer Olympics in Beijing.
Individual Silver medal Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore in the Men's Double Trap
event at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens.
Medal in boxing: Vijender Kumar in the Beijing Olympics 2008.
Medal in Badminton: Saina Nehwal, winning bronze in the London Olympics
2012
Medal in wrestling: Sushil Kumar, winning a Bronze in the Beijing Olympics
2008
Medal in ladies boxing: MC Mary Kom, winning bronze in the London Olympics
2012
Grand Slam title: Mahesh Bhupathi (partnering with Japanese Rika Hiraki) in
the Mixed Doubles category of the 1997 French Open.
Woman to win a Grand Slam title: Sania Mirza (partnering with Mahesh
Bhupathi) in the Mixed Doubles category of the 2009 Australian Open
Captain in Tests: C. K. Nayudu for the 1932 tour of England.
ODI captain: Ajit Wadekar.
Cricketer to score a century in a Test match: Lala Amarnath
Cricketer to score a double century in a Test match: Polly Umrigar, 223
Cricketer to score a triple century in a Test match: Virender Sehwag
Indian to score an ODI century: Kapil Dev, 175
Indian to score an ODI double century is Sachin Tendulkar, 200*
Batsman to complete 10,000 runs in Tests: Sunil Gavaskar (he was the first in
the World to achieve this feat)
Batsman to complete 10,000 runs in ODIs: Sachin Tendulkar (he was the first in
the World to achieve this feat)
First Indian to score a T20 century: at Suresh Raina


Woman to be the Chairperson of State Bank of India:Arundhati Bhattacharya
Woman Photojournalist: Homai Vyarawalla
Woman Supreme Court judge: Justice M. Fathima Beevi
Woman President of the United Nations General Assembly: Vijaya Lakshmi
Pandit, 1953
Wax statue of a living Indian: Mahatma Gandhi at Madame Tussaud's in 1939.

- List of Sobriquets for Places
Battle field of Europe - Belgium
City of Sky Scrapers - New York (USA)
City of Magnificent Distances - Washinton DC
City of Golden Gate - San Francisco (USA)
City of Seven Hills - Rome (Italy)
Cockpit of Europe - Belgium
Copper Country - Zambia
Dark Continent - Africa
Empire City - New York (USA)
Emerald Island - Ireland
Eternal City - Rome (Italy)
Forbidden City - Lhasa (Tibet, China)
Garden of England - Kent
George Cross Island - Malta
Granite City - Aberdeen (Scotland)
Hill Queen - Shimla
Holy Land - Palestine
Island of Pearls - Bahrain
Island of Cloves - Madagascar
Land of Eagles - Albania
Land of Golden Fleece - Australia
Land of Lilies - Canada
Land of Golden Pagoda - Myanmar
Land of Maple - Canada


Land of Thousand Lakes - Finland
Land of Morning Calm - Korea
Land of Rising Sun - Japan
Land of Setting Sun - Britain
Land of Midnight Sun - Norway
Land of Lakes - Scotland
Land of the Tulips - Netherlands
Land of White Elephant - Thailand
Land of Thunder Bolt - Bhutan
Land of Thousand Elephants - Laos
Manchester of the Orient - Osaka
Never Never Land - Prairies, North Australia
Land of Thunder Dragon - China
Nation of Thousand Hills - Rwanda
Pearl of Arabia - Bahrain
Pearl of Antilles - Cuba
Pillars of Hercules - Strait of Gibralter
Quaker City of USA - Philadelphia (USA)
Queen of the Adriatic - Venice, Italy
Sick Man of Europe - Turkey
Sugar Bowl of World - Cuba
Venice of the North - Stockholm (Sweden)
White City - Belgrade
Windy City - Chicago
World's Bread Basket - Priries of North America
Land of Windmills - Holland

(List of city nicknames in India:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_city_nicknames_in_India)
- Man Booker Prize


The Man Booker Prize for Fiction is a literary prize awarded each year for the
best original novel, written in the English language, by a citizen of the
Commonwealth of Nations, the Republic of Ireland, or Zimbabwe. Beginning in
2014, it will consider authors from anywhere in the world, so long as their work
is in English and published in the UK.
P. H. Newby won the first Prize for Something to Answer For.

- Man Booker International Prize
The Man Booker International Prize is an international literary award given
every two years to a living author of any nationality for a body of work published
in English or generally available in English translation.
The introduction of the International Prize was announced in June 2004. The
award, which is sponsored by the Man Group, complements the Man Booker
Prize and rewards one author's "continued creativity, development and overall
contribution to fiction on the world stage." Therefore the award is a recognition
of the writer's body of work, rather than any one title.
The inaugural winner was Albanian writer Ismail Kadare.
- Templeton Prize
The Templeton Prize is an annual award presented by the Templeton
Foundation. Established in 1972, it is awarded to a living person who, in the
estimation of the judges, "has made an exceptional contribution to affirming life's
spiritual dimension, whether through insight, discovery, or practical works". The
inaugural winner of the prize, in 1973, was Mother Teresa, six years before she
received the Nobel Peace Prize. She was cited by the Templeton Foundation "for
her extraordinary efforts to help the homeless and neglected children of
Calcutta," work which "inspired millions of others around the world".
- Ramon Magsaysay Award
The Ramon Magsaysay Award is an annual award established to perpetuate
former Philippine President Ramon Magsaysay's example of integrity in


government, courageous service to the people, and pragmatic idealism within a
democratic society. The Ramon Magsaysay Award is often considered to be Asia's
Nobel Prize.
- Bharat Ratna
This is the Republic of India's highest civilian award. Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan
(1987) and Nelson Mandela (1990) are the only two non-Indians to win it, with
Mother Teresa becoming a naturalised Indian citizen. Sachin Tendulkar is the
youngest person alive at the time of receiving the award (at the age of 40).
Dhondo Keshav Karve is the eldest person alive at the time of receiving the
award (age 100).
Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, C. V. Raman, C. Rajagopalachari were the first
awardees in 1954.

- Param Vir Chakra

The Param Vir Chakra (PVC) is India's highest military decoration awarded for
the highest degree of valour or self-sacrifice in the presence of the enemy. It can
be, and often has been, awarded posthumously. The medal was designed by
Savitri Khanolkar. Major Somnath Sharma was the first recipient.

- World Food Prize

The World Food Prize is an international award recognizing the achievements of
individuals who have advanced human development by improving the quality,
quantity, or availability of food in the world. It is notably sponsored by
agricultural biotechnology companies. Prof. M. S. Swaminathan was the first
recipient of the Prize which was started by Norman Borlaug.

- Fields Medal


The Fields Medal, officially known as International Medal for Outstanding
Discoveries in Mathematics, is a prize awarded to two, three, or four
mathematicians not over 40 years of age at each International Congress of the
International Mathematical Union (IMU), a meeting that takes place every four
years. The Fields Medal is often viewed as the greatest honour a mathematician
can receive. The Fields Medal and the Abel Prize have often been described as
the "mathematician's Nobel Prize". The medal was first awarded in 1936 to
Finnish mathematician Lars Ahlfors and American mathematician Jesse
Douglas, and it has been awarded every four years since 1950.

- Abel Prize

The Abel Prize is an international prize presented by the King of Norway to one
or more outstanding mathematicians. Named after Norwegian mathematician
Niels Henrik Abel (18021829), the award was established in 2001 by the
Government of Norway. Jean-Pierre Serre of France first received it in 2003.

- Sahitya Akademi

Established in 1954, it is a literary honour in India which annually confers on
writers of the most outstanding books of literary merit published in any of the
major Indian languages recognised by the Sahitya Akademi.

- Secretary-General of the United Nations

The Secretary-General of the United Nations (UNSG), is the head of the United
Nations Secretariat, one of the principal organs of the United Nations. The
Secretary-General also acts as the de facto spokesperson and leader of the
United Nations. Trygve Lie was the first Secretary General of the UN.


- Nicknames of famous persons

Father of the Nation: Mahatma Gandhi
Bapu: Mahatma Gandhi
Frontier Gandhi, Badshah Khan Khan: Abdul Ghaffar Khan
Grand Old man of India: Dadabhai Naoroji
Punjab Kesari: Lala Lajpat Rai
Bengal Kesari Ashutosh Mukherji
Bihar Kesari Dr. Srikrishna Singh
Andhra Kesari T. Prakasam
Bangabandhu Sheikh: Mujibur Rahman
Deshbandhu : Chitta Ranjan Das
Deenbandhu: C.F. Andrews
Lokmanya: Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Loknayak: Jayaprakash Narayan
Jana Nayak: Karpuri Thakur
Rajarshee: Purushottam Das Tandon
Gurudev: Rabindranath Tagore
Mahamana Pt. Madan Mohan Malaviya
Netaji: Subhash Chandra Bose
Chacha : Jawaharlal Nehru
Rajaji/C.R. Chakravarti Rajagopalachari
Shahid-e-Azam: Bhagat Singh
Nightingale of India Sarojini Naidu
Lady with the lamp: Florence Nightinga
Lal, Bal, Pal: Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Bipin Chandra
Pal
Anna: C.N. Annadurai
Haryana Hurricane: Kapil Dev
Little Master: Sunil Gavaskar
Little Corporal: Napoleon Bonaparte


Man of Destiny: Napoleon Bonaparte
Fuehrer: Adolf Hitler
Bard of Avon: William Shakespeare
Maid of Orleans: Joan of Arc
Quaid-i-Azam: Md. Ali Jinnah

- Geography

Largest Continent: Asia
Smallest Continent: Australia
Highest Mountain: Mount Everest, Himalayan Mountains, Nepal-Tibet
Lowest Point on Land: The Dead Sea, Israel-Jordan
Deepest Underwater Trench: Mariana Trench
Largest Sea: The Mediterranean Sea
Highest Lake: The highest navigable lake is Lake Titicaca in Peru
Lowest Lake: The Dead Sea, Israel-Jordan
Largest Lake: Caspian Sea
Deepest Lake: Lake Baikal
Largest Freshwater Lake: Lake Superior, U.S.-Canada
Deepest Ocean: Pacific Ocean
Largest Ocean: Pacific Ocean
Smallest Ocean: Arctic Ocean
Largest Gulf: Gulf of Mexico
Largest Bay: The Bay of Bengal
Largest Island: Greenland
Largest Gorge: Grand Canyon
Longest Mountain Range: The Andes of South America
Longest River: The Nile, Africa
Largest River: The Amazon, South America
Largest Waterfall: Angel Falls, Venezuela
Wettest place on Earth: Mawsynram


- India

Longest River in India: The Ganges
Longest Tributary river of India : Yamuna
Largest Lake: Wular Lake, Kashmir
Largest Lake (Saline Water) : Chilka Lake, Orrisa
Largest Man-Made Lake: Govind Vallabh Pant Sagar (Rihand Dam)
Largest Fresh Water Lake: Kolleru Lake (Andhra Pradesh)
Highest Lake Devtal Lake
Highest Peak Karkoram-2 of K-2(8,611 meters)
Largest State(Area) Rajasthan
Largest State(Population) Uttar Pradesh
State wise largest area under forest : Madhya Pradesh
Largest Delta: Sunderbans Delta
Longest Cantilever Span bridge: Howrah Bridge
Longest Road: Grand Trunk Road
Biggest Mosque: Jama Masjid at Delhi
Highest Gateway: Buland Darwaza at Fatehpur Sikri (53.6 meters high)
Longest Canal: Indira Gandhi Canal or Rajasthan Canal (Rajasthan)
Largest Dome: Gol Gumbaz at Bijapur
Largest Zoo: Zoological Garden at Alipur (Kolkata)
Largest Museum: India Museum at Kolkata
Longest Dam: Hirakud Dam (Orrisa)
Highest Dam: Tehri Dam ( 260 meters , 850 ft )
Largest Desert: Thar (Rajasthan)
State with longest coastline: Gujarat
Longest Railway Route From Dibrugarh to Kanyakumari via Vivek Express
Densest Populated State West Bengal
Longest Beach Marina Beach, Chennai
Highest Battle Field Siachin Glacier
Highest Airport Leh (Laddakh)
Largest River Island Majuli (Brahmaputra River, Asom)


Largest Planetarium Birla Planetarium (Kolkata)
Largest inland salt lake: Sambhar Lake

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