WCDMA PRINCIPLES

Chapter 1 WCDMA Fundamental & Key Technologies

Chapter 2 WCDMA RNP & RNO Principles

 Multiple Access Technology

CDMA
WCDMA System Architecture
 WCDMA SYSTEM PROCESSES

Source Channel Modulation Transmission

Spreading
Coding Coding

Bit Symbol Chip

1. QPSK
3 Steps: OVSF Codes 2. 16 QAM
A/D
1. Block Coding
Conversion
2. Channel Coding
3. Interleaving

Radio Channel
Types of Channel Coding: SC
1. Convolutional Coding- ½ or 1/3
2. Turbo Coding – 1/3

Source Channel
Despreading Demodulation Reception
Decoding Decoding

>>next
 Interleaving

<<back
 Spreading and Despreading

P(f) Spreading code

P(f)

f f
P(f)
Narrowband signal Broadband signal

f
Noise

Recovered signal Noise+Broadband signal

Signal
P(f) Combination P(f)

f Spreading code f

<<back
 WCDMA Spreading Code: Walsh Code

Important Relations:
SF is inversely proportional to SERVICE RATE.

SF = Chip Rate / Service Rate

Chip Rate is constant (3.84 Mcps)

<<back
WCDMA Modulation

<<back
Multi-Path Environment
Fading
Rake Receiver
Chapter 1 CDMA Fundamental & Key Technologies

Chapter 2 WCDMA RNP & RNO Principles

WCDMA System Architecture
 RAB, RB and RL

RAB

RB
CN
UE RNC

RL
Node B
 Radio Interface Protocol Structure

C-Plane Signaling
U-Plane Information
CONTROL
L3
RRC
CONTROL

CONTROL

Radio
Bearers
CONTROL
CONTROL

PDCP
L2/PDCP
PDCP
BMC L2/BMC

RLC RLC
RLC RLC L2/RLC
RLC RLC
RLC RLC

Logical
Channels

MAC L2/MAC

Transport
Channels

PHYSICAL L1
Iub Interface Protocol
 WCDMA Radio Interface Channel Definition

• Logical Channel – information carrier

• Transport Channel – characteristics of transmission
• Physical Channel – specification of the information global content

Logical Channels:

Dedicated Traffic Channel (DTCH)

Traffic Channel
Common Traffic Channel (CTCH)

Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH)

Paging Control Channel (PCCH)

Control Channel
Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH)

Common Control Channel (CCCH)

 WCDMA Radio Interface Channel Definition

Transport Channels:

Dedicated Channel (DCH) Dedicated Transport

Channel

Broadcast Channel (BCCH)

Forward Access Channel (FACH)

Paging Channel (PCH) Common Transport

Channel
Random Access Channel (RACH)

High-Speed Downlink Shared Channel

(CCCH)
 WCDMA Radio Interface Channel Definition

Physical Channels:
CELL BROADCAST CHANNELS
P-CPICH – Primary Common Pilot Channel

P-CCPCH – Primary Common Control Physical Channel

SCH – Synchronization Channel

PAGING CHANNELS
S-CCPCH – Secondary Common Control Physical Channel

PICH – Paging Indicator Channel

RANDOM ACCESS CHANNELS

PRACH – Physical Random Access Channel
Node B UE
AICH – Acquisition Indicator Channel

DEDICATED CHANNELS
DPDCH – Dedicated Physical Data Channel

DPCCH – Dedicated Physical Control Channel

HIGH SPEED DOWNLINK SHARE CHANNELS
HS-SCCH – High Speed Share Control Channel

HS-PDSCH – High Speed Physical Downlink Share Channel

HS-DPCCH – High Speed Dedicated Physical Control Channel

 UE Working Modes and States

RRC Connection • Reduce activity, DTX

• Reduce activity further
• Avoid unnecessary and save power
signaling URA PCH
CELL PCH

CELL DCH CELL FACH

• Dedicated channel • Common Channel
• Common service, • PS service with few
such as voice data to transmit

• Monitors paging channel

IDLE • Cell re-selection

• Scan networks (PLMN) DEAD

• Camp on a cell
 Paging
PAGING TYPE 1

CN RNC1 RNC2 NODEB1.1 NODEB2.1 UE

PAGING
RANAP RANAP

PAGING
RANAP RANAP

PCCH PAGING TYPE 1

PCCH PAGING TYPE 1

• The message is transmitted in one LA or RA according to LAI or RAI.

• After calculating the paging time, the paging message will be transmitted at that time.
• If UE is in CELL PCH or URA PCH state, the UTRAN transmits the paging information in PAGING TYPE 1
message to UE. After received paging message, UE performs a cell update procedure to transit state to
CELL FACH.
 Paging Type 2

CN RNC1 UE

PAGING • If UE is in CELL DCH or CELL FACH state, the

RANAP RANAP
message will be transmitted on DCCH with
paging type 2.
• The message will be transmitted in a cell.

DCCH: PAGING TYPE 2

RRC RRC
 Call Process

In WCDMA system, a call process includes the following basic signaling flows:

 RRC connection flow

 Direct transfer message flow
 Authentication flow (optional)
 Security flow (optional)
 RAB establish flow
 Call proceeding
 NAS signaling before correlative bearer release
 Correlative bearer release
 Concepts about HandOver
“Make before break.”

• Soft handover: the signals from different NodeBs are merged in RNC
• Softer handover: the signals from different cells, but from same NodeB are merged
in NodeB.

Terminologies:

 Active set – set of cells currently used by UE.

 Monitor set – set of cells that are not in the active set but are being observed by
the UE based on the neighboring cell information from the UTRAN.
 Detected set – set of cells that have been detected by the UE but do not belong
to the active set or the observation set.
-Thank you-