Hyderabad 123

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Hyderabad ( i/hadrbd/ HY-dr--bad; often /hadrbd/) is the fourth largest city in India

and capital city of the Indian state of Telangana in South India. Hyderabad occupies 650 square
kilometres (250 sq mi), along the banks of the Musi River a tributary of Krishna River, it has a population
of about 6.8 million and a metropolitan population of about 7.75 million, making it the fourth most
populous city and sixth most populous urban agglomeration in India. A Survey by Telangana State
Government, 'Samagra kutumba survey' on August 19, 2014, reveals that Hyderabad's population has
crossed 12 million. At an average altitude of 542 metres (1,778 ft), much of Hyderabad is situated on
hilly terrain around artificial lakes, including Hussain Sagarpredating the city's foundingnorth of the
then city centre.
Established in 1591 by Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah, Hyderabad remained under the rule of the Qutb
Shahi dynasty for nearly a century before the Mughals captured the region. In 1724, Mughal viceroy Asif
Jah I declared his sovereignty and created his own dynasty, also known as the Nizams of Hyderabad. The
Hyderabad State ultimately became a princely state during British rule, and remained so for 150 years,
with the city serving as its capital. The city continued as capital of a new Hyderabad State after the
Nizam acceded to the Indian Union in 1948. In 1956, it became the capital of Andhra Pradesh, formed by
merging Telangana region of Hyderabad State with the Telugu-speaking Andhra State. In June 2014,
after Telangana state was carved out of Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad became part of Telangana state
and the joint capital of both states. Relics of Qutb Shahi and Nizam rule remain visible today, with the
Charminarcommissioned by Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah himselfcoming to symbolise
Hyderabad.Golconda fort is also a major landmark of Hyderabad. That legacy is also evident in the city's
distinctive cuisine, which includes Hyderabadi biriyani and Hyderabadi haleem. The Qutb Shahis and
Nizams established Hyderabad as a cultural hub, attracting men of letters from different parts of the
world. Hyderabad emerged as the foremost centre of culture in India with the decline of the Mughal
Empire in the mid-19th century, with artists migrating to the city from the rest of the Indian
subcontinent. While Hyderabad is losing its cultural pre-eminence, it is today, due to the Telugu film
industry, the country's second-largest producer of motion pictures.

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