Ode2 PDF
Ode2 PDF
Ode2 PDF
1.D Solve the following linear first order differential equations using the method of variation
of parameters:
(i) xy 0 2y = x4
(ii) y 0 + (cos x)y = sin x cos x
[Method: To solve y 0 + P (x)y = R(x), first find the general solution yh (x) = cy1 (x)
of the homogeneous equation y 0 + P (x)y = 0. Assume that yp (x) = u1 (x)y1 (x) is a
(particular) solution of the original equation. Find u1 and the general solution of the
original equation is given by y(x) = yh (x) + yp (x)]
2.D Solve y 0 + y = x 1, y 0 + y = cos 2x. Hence solve y 0 + y = cos2 x x/2
3.T Show that the set of solutions of the homogeneous linear equation, y 0 + P (x)y = 0 on
an interval I = [a, b] form a vector subspace W of the real vector space of continuous
functions on I. What is the dimension of W ?
4.T Let f (x, y) be continuous on the closed rectangle R : |x x0 | a, |y y0 | b.
(i) Show that y is a solution of theZinitial value problem y 0 = f (x, y), y(x0 ) = y0 iff
x
y(x) = y0 +
x0
y(x0 ) = y0 .