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    Sec 3 Surds (Worksheet)

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    Andy Cheng
    This document provides an introduction to surds, which are irrational numbers expressed in radical form. It includes examples of adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing surds. It also covers rationalizing denominators by using conjugate surds, where the signs of one or more terms are changed. Solving equations involving surds is also demonstrated. Homework problems are assigned from the Pan Pac Additional Math textbook involving various operations on and with surds.

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    Sec 3 Surds (Worksheet)

    Uploaded by

    Andy Cheng
    2K views4 pages
    This document provides an introduction to surds, which are irrational numbers expressed in radical form. It includes examples of adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing surds. It also covers rationalizing denominators by using conjugate surds, where the signs of one or more terms are changed. Solving equations involving surds is also demonstrated. Homework problems are assigned from the Pan Pac Additional Math textbook involving various operations on and with surds.

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    This document provides an introduction to surds, which are irrational numbers expressed in radical form. It includes examples of adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing surds. It also covers rationalizing denominators by using conjugate surds, where the signs of one or more terms are changed. Solving equations involving surds is also demonstrated. Homework problems are assigned from the Pan Pac Additional Math textbook involving various operations on and with surds.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    2K views4 pages

    Sec 3 Surds (Worksheet)

    Uploaded by

    Andy Cheng
    This document provides an introduction to surds, which are irrational numbers expressed in radical form. It includes examples of adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing surds. It also covers rationalizing denominators by using conjugate surds, where the signs of one or more terms are changed. Solving equations involving surds is also demonstrated. Homework problems are assigned from the Pan Pac Additional Math textbook involving various operations on and with surds.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    At a glance
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    The key takeaways are about working with surds, including identifying surds, performing operations on surds, and rationalizing denominators involving surds.

    Surds are irrational numbers expressed in radical form, such as √2. Surds are expressed using radical notation.

    To add or subtract surds, combine like terms. To multiply surds, multiply all terms. To divide surds, rationalize the denominator by multiplying the denominator and conjugate surd.

    Sec 3 Integrated Mathematics (IP/mainstream)

    Name : _______________________________ Class (

    Date : ___________

    Surds

    Worksheet
    A surd is an irrational number expressed in radical form.

    Which of the following numbers are irrational?


    22
    2,

    25
    7

    1
    3

    3.14

    8
    2

    &&
    0.28

    Which of the following are surds?


    2 8

    10

    32

    2 3

    3 2

    (A) Addition and Subtraction of Surds


    Example 1
    Simplify the following

    (a) 2 5 3 5 4 5 ,

    (b) 10 2 8 3 32 2 50 .

    (B) Multiplication of Surds


    Example 2
    Simplify the following

    (a) 3 2 5 2 2 3 5 ,

    (b) 7 3 2

    (C) Division of Surds and Rationalizing the Denominator


    Evaluate the sum

    1
    1
    1
    1

    ...
    without using calculator.
    1 2
    2 3
    3 4
    99 100

    To do this, we need to introduce the concept of conjugate surds.


    Conjugate surds differ in the sign of one of the terms.
    Surd
    2 3

    Conjugate Surd

    10 11
    Note : The product of two conjugate surds is always rational. See example 3.
    Example 3
    Show that the product of a b c d and a b c d is always rational if a, b, c and d are rational.

    Example 4
    Evaluate the product of the following

    (a) 2 3 2 3

    (b)

    10 11

    10 11

    (c) 5 2 2 3 5 2 2 3

    Example 5
    Rationalise the denominators of the following
    1
    6
    (a)
    (b)
    2
    3

    (c)

    12
    1440

    The process of eliminating surds from the denominator is called to rationalize the denominator.

    Example 6
    Rationalise the denominators of the following
    (a)

    3
    ,
    2 5 3

    (b)

    3 2 4
    .
    43 2

    Example 7
    Evaluate the sum

    1
    1
    1
    1

    ...
    without using calculator.
    1 2
    2 3
    3 4
    99 100

    This problem illustrates the usefulness of rationalizing the denominator of a fraction.


    (D) Solving Equations Involving Surds
    Example 8
    Solve the equation

    8 x x 2 0 .

    Example 9
    y 4 3y 1 5 .

    Solve the equation

    Warning : The process of squaring both sides of an equation may generate extraneous solutions,
    hence it is important to check your answer(s).
    Equality of Surds
    ab m cd m

    a c, b d
    if a, b, c and d are rational numbers and m is irrational.
    Example 10
    Given that 3 2 3 4 a 3 b 23 3 , find the value of a and of b.

    Homework :
    Pan Pac Additional Math textbook, Pg 22, Ex 2.1, Q3 (c) (g) (h) , Q6, Q7, Q8, Q9

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