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    Dysphagia

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    أحمد صبحى
    Dysphagia is difficulty swallowing that occurs when it takes extra time and effort to move food or liquid from the mouth to the stomach. It can be caused by conditions like achalasia where the lower esophageal sphincter does not relax properly, or esophageal strictures where scarring narrows the esophagus. Treatment depends on the underlying cause, and may include esophageal dilation to widen a stricture, surgery to clear an obstruction, or medications to relax muscles or reduce acid. Dysphagia is more common in older adults and people with neurological conditions or GERD.

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    Dysphagia

    Uploaded by

    أحمد صبحى
    100 views2 pages
    Dysphagia is difficulty swallowing that occurs when it takes extra time and effort to move food or liquid from the mouth to the stomach. It can be caused by conditions like achalasia where the lower esophageal sphincter does not relax properly, or esophageal strictures where scarring narrows the esophagus. Treatment depends on the underlying cause, and may include esophageal dilation to widen a stricture, surgery to clear an obstruction, or medications to relax muscles or reduce acid. Dysphagia is more common in older adults and people with neurological conditions or GERD.

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    Dysphagia is difficulty swallowing that occurs when it takes extra time and effort to move food or liquid from the mouth to the stomach. It can be caused by conditions like achalasia where the lower esophageal sphincter does not relax properly, or esophageal strictures where scarring narrows the esophagus. Treatment depends on the underlying cause, and may include esophageal dilation to widen a stricture, surgery to clear an obstruction, or medications to relax muscles or reduce acid. Dysphagia is more common in older adults and people with neurological conditions or GERD.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    100 views2 pages

    Dysphagia

    Uploaded by

    أحمد صبحى
    Dysphagia is difficulty swallowing that occurs when it takes extra time and effort to move food or liquid from the mouth to the stomach. It can be caused by conditions like achalasia where the lower esophageal sphincter does not relax properly, or esophageal strictures where scarring narrows the esophagus. Treatment depends on the underlying cause, and may include esophageal dilation to widen a stricture, surgery to clear an obstruction, or medications to relax muscles or reduce acid. Dysphagia is more common in older adults and people with neurological conditions or GERD.

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    Dysphagia

    Definition
    Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) means it takes more time and
    effort to move food or liquid from your mouth to your stomach.
    Dysphagia may also be associated with pain. In some cases,
    .swallowing may be impossible
    Dysphagia can occur at any age, but it's more common in older
    adults. The causes of swallowing problems vary, and treatment
    .depends on the cause

    Causes
    Achalasia. When your lower esophageal muscle (sphincter) doesn't
    relax properly to let food enter your stomach, it may cause you to
    bring food back up into your throat. Muscles in the wall of your
    esophagus may be weak as well, a condition that tends to worsen
    .over time
    Diffuse spasm. This condition produces multiple high-pressure,
    poorly coordinated contractions of your esophagus, usually after you
    swallow. Diffuse spasm affects the involuntary muscles in the walls
    .of your lower esophagus
    Esophageal stricture. A narrowed esophagus (stricture) can trap
    large pieces of food. Tumors or scar tissue, often caused by
    .gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), can cause narrowing
    Esophageal tumors. Difficulty swallowing tends to get progressively
    .worse when esophageal tumors are present

    Treatments and drugs


    Esophageal dysphagia
    Treatment approaches for esophageal dysphagia may include:

    Esophageal dilation. For a tight esophageal sphincter


    (achalasia) or an esophageal stricture, your doctor may use an
    endoscope with a special balloon attached to gently stretch and
    expand the width of your esophagus or pass a flexible tube or
    tubes to stretch the esophagus (dilatation).

    Surgery. For an esophageal tumor, achalasia or pharyngeal


    diverticula, you may need surgery to clear your esophageal path.

    Medications. Difficulty swallowing associated with GERD can


    be treated with prescription oral medications to reduce stomach
    acid. You may need to take these medications for an extended
    period. If you have eosinophilic esophagitis, you may need
    corticosteroids.
    If you have esophageal spasm but your esophagus appears normal
    and without GERD, you may be treated with medications to relax
    your esophagus and reduce discomfort.

    Risk factors

    The following are risk factors for dysphagia:

    Aging. Due to natural aging and normal wear and tear on the
    esophagus and a greater risk of certain conditions, such as stroke
    or Parkinson's disease, older adults are at higher risk of
    swallowing difficulties.

    Certain health conditions. People with certain neurological or


    nervous system disorders are more likely to experience difficulty
    swallowing.

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