Cs2304 - System Software (SS) Question Bank Two Mark Question & Answers

III Year V Semester CSE
CS2304 SYSTEM SOFTWARE (SS)

Question Bank
TWO MARK QUESTION & ANSWERS
UNIT I - INTRODUCTION
1. Define system software.
It consists of variety of programs that supports the operation of the computer. This
software makes it possible for the user to focus on the other problems to be solved without
needing to know how the machine works internally.
Eg: operating system, assembler, and loader.
2. Give some applications of operating system.
To make the computer easier to use
To manage the resources in computer
Process management
Data and memory management
To provide security to the user.
Operating system acts as an interface between the user and the system
Eg:windows,linux,unix,dos
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3. Define compiler and interpreter.

Compiler is a set of program which converts the whole high level language
program to machine language program.
Interpreter is a set of programs which converts high level language program to
machine language program line by line.
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4. Define loader.
Loader is a set of program that loads the machine language translated by the
translator into the main memory and makes it ready for execution.
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5. What is the need of MAR register?

MAR (memory address register) is used to store the address of the memory from
which the data is to be read or to which the data is to be written.
6. Draw SS instruction format.
opcode
0
L
78
15 16
B1
19 20
D1
31 32
B2
35 36
D2
47
It is a 6 byte instruction used to move L+I bytes data from the storage location1
to the storage location2.
Storage location1 = D1+ [B1]
Storage location2 = D2+ [B2]
Eg: MOV 60,400(3),500(4)
CS2304 - System Software
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7. Give any two differences between base relative addressing and program counter
relative addressing used in SIC/XE.
Base relative addressing
PC relative addressing
aTarget address is calculated using the The target address is calculated using the
formula
formula
Target address = Displacement + [B]
Target address = Displacement + [PC]
B-base register
PC-program counter
Displacement lies between 0 to 4095
Displacement lies between 2048 to 2047
8. Define indirect addressing
In the case of immediate addressing the operand field gives the memory
location.The word from the given address is fetched and it gives the address of the operand.
Eg:ADD R5, [600]
Here the second operand is given in indirect addressing mode. First the word in
memory location 600 is fetched and which will give the address of the operand.
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9. Define immediate addressing.

In this addressing mode the operand value is given directly. There is no need to
refer memory. The immediate addressing is indicated by the prefix #.
Eg: ADD #5
In this instruction one operand is in accumulator and the second operand is a
immediate value the value 5 is directly added with the accumulator content and the result is
stored in accumulator.
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10. List out any two CISC and RISC machine.

CISC Power PC, Cray T3E
RISC VAX, Pentium Pro architecture
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11. Following is a memory configuration:

Address
Value Register R
1
5
5
5
7
6
5
What is the result of the following statement?
ADD 6(immediate) to R (indirect)
Here 6 is the immediate data and the next value is indirect data.ie the register
contains the address of the operand. Here the address of the operand is 5 and its
corresponding value is 7.
6 + [R] = 6+ [5] = 6+ 7 =13
12. Following is a memory configuration:
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Address Value Register R

4
9
6
5
7
6
2
What is the result of the following statement?
SUB 4(direct) to R (direct)
Here one operand is in the address location 4(direct addressing) and the next operand is
in the register (register direct).
The resultant value is 9 6 =3.
13. What is the name of X and L register in SIC machine and also specify its use.
A-accumulator
Used for arithmetic operation.ie in the case of arithmetic operations one operand
is in the accumulator, and other operand may be an immediate value, register operand or
memory content. The operation given in the instruction is performed and the result is
stored in the accumulator register.
L-linkage register
It is used to store the return address in the case of jump to subroutine (JSUB)
instructions.
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14. What are the instruction formats used in SIC/XE architecture? Give any one format.
Format 1 (1 byte), Format 2 (2 bytes), Format 3 (3 bytes) & Format 4(4 bytes)
Are the different instructions used in SIC/XE architecture?
Format 2:
8
4
4
OPCODE
R1
R2
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15. Consider the instructions in SIC/ XE programming

10
1000 LENGTH
RESW
4
20
----NEW
WORD
3
What is the value assign to the symbol NEW?
In the line 10 the address is 1000 and the instruction is RESW 4. It reserves 4 word (3 x
4 =12) areas for the symbol LENGTH. Hence 12 is added to the LOCCTR.
Thus the value of the symbol NEW is 1000+12 =100C.
16. What is the difference between the instructions LDA # 3 and LDA THREE?
In the first instruction immediate addressing is used. Here the value 3 is directly
loaded into the accumulator register.
In the second instruction the memory reference is used. Here the address (address
assigned for the symbol THREE) is loaded into the accumulator register.
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17. Differentiate trailing numeric and leading separate numeric.

The numeric format is used to represent numeric values with one digit per byte. In the
numeric format if the sign appears in the last byte it is known as the trailing numeric. If the
sign appears in a separate byte preceding the first digit then it is called as leading separate
numeric.
18. What are the addressing modes used in VAX architecture?

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Register direct, register deferred, auto increment and decrement, program counter
relative, base relative, index register mode and indirect addressing are the various
addressing modes in VAX architecture.
19. How do you calculate the actual address in the case of register indirect with
immediate index mode?
Here the target address is calculated using the formula
T.A = (register) + displacement.
20.
Write the sequence of instructions to perform the operation

BETA = ALPHA + 1 using SIC instructions.
LDA
ALPHA
ADD
ONE
STA BETA
.
.
ALPHA
RESW
1
BETA
RESW
1
ONE
RESW
1
21. Write the sequence of instructions to perform the operation

BETA = ALPHA+5 using SIC/XE instructions.
LDA ALPHA
ADD #1
STA BETA
.
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ALPHA
RESW 1
BETA
RESW 1
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22. What is the use of TD instruction in SIC architecture?

The test device (TD) instruction tests whether the addressed device is ready to send
or receive a byte of data. The condition code is set to indicate the result of this test. Setting
of < means the device is ready to send or receive, and = means the device is not ready.
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UNIT II-ASSEMBLERS
1. Define the basic functions of assembler.
Translating mnemonic operation codes to their machine language equivalents.

Assigning machine addresses to symbolic labels used by the programmer.
2. What is meant by assembler directives? Give example.

These are the statements that are not translated into machine instructions, but they
provide instructions to assembler itself.
Example: START, END, BYTE, WORD, RESW and RESB.
3. What is a forward reference?

It is a reference to a label that is defined later in a program.
Consider the statement
10 1000
STL
RETADR
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80
.
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.
1036
RETADR
RESW
1
The first instruction contains a forward reference RETADR. If we attempt to
translate the program line by line, we will unable to process the statement in line10 because
we do not know the address that will be assigned to RETADR .The address is assigned
later(in line 80) in the program.
4. What are the three different records used in object program?

The header record, text record and the end record are the three different records used
in object program.
The header record contains the program name, starting address and length of the
program.
Text record contains the translated instructions and data of the program.
End record marks the end of the object program and specifies the address in the
program where execution is to begin.
5. What is the need of SYMTAB (symbol table) in assembler?
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The symbol table includes the name and value for each symbol in the source
program, together with flags to indicate error conditions. Sometimes it may contain details
about the data area.
SYMTAB is usually organized as a hash table for efficiency of insertion and
retrieval.
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6. What is the need of OPTAB (operation code table) in assembler?

The operation code table contains the mnemonic operation code and its machine
language equivalent. Some assemblers it may also contain information about instruction
format and length. OPTAB is usually organized as a hash table, with mnemonic operation
code as the key.
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7. What are the symbols defining statements generally used in assemblers?
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EQU-it allows the programmer to define symbols and specify their values directly.
The general format is
Symbol
EQU
value
* ORG-it is used to indirectly assign values to symbols. When this statement is
encountered the assembler resets its location counter to the specified value.
The general format is
ORG
value
In the above two statements value is a constant or an expression involving constants
and previously defined symbols.
*
8. Define relocatable program.

An object program that contains the information necessary to perform required
modification in the object code depends on the starting location of the program during load
time is known as relocatable program.
9. Differentiate absolute expression and relative expression.
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If the result of the expression is an absolute value (constant) then it is known as

absolute expression.,
Eg : BUFEND BUFFER
If the result of the expression is relative to the beginning of the program then it is
known as relative expression. Label on instructions and data areas and references to the
location counter values are relative terms.
Eg: BUFEND + BUFFER
10. Write the steps required to translate the source program to object program.
Convert mnemonic operation codes to their machine language equivalents.

Convert symbolic operands to their equivalent machine addresses
Build the machine instruction in the proper format.
Convert the data constants specified in the source program into their internal
Machine representation
Write the object program and assembly listing.
11. What is the use of the variable LOCCTR (location counter) in assembler?
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This variable is used to assign addresses to the symbols. LOCCTR is initialized to

the beginning address specified in the START statement. After each source statement is
processed the length of the assembled instruction or data area to be generated is added to
LOCCTR and hence whenever we reach a label in the source program the current value of
LOCCTR gives the address associated with the label.
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12. Define load and go assembler.
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One pass assembler that generates their object code in memory for immediate
execution is known as load and go assembler. Here no object programmer is written out and
hence no need for loader.
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13. What are the two different types of jump statements used in MASM assembler?
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Near jump
A near jump is a jump to a target in the same segment and it is assembled by
using a current code segment CS.
Far jump
A far jump is a jump to a target in a different code segment and it is assembled
by using different segment registers.
14. What are the uses of base register table in AIX assembler?
A base register table is used to remember which of the general purpose registers are
currently available as base registers and also the base addresses they contain. USING
statement causes entry to the table and. DROP statement removes the corresponding table
entry.
15. Differentiate the assembler directives RESW and RESB.
RESW It reserves the indicated number of words for data area.

Eg:
10
1003 THREE
RESW
1
In this instruction one word area (3 bytes) is reserved for the symbol THREE. If the
memory is byte addressable then the address assigned for the next symbol is 1006.
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RESB It reserves the indicated number of bytes for data area.

Eg:
10
1008 INPUT
RESB
1
In this instruction one byte area is reserved for the symbol INPUT .Hence the address
assigned for the next symbol is 1009.
16. Define modification record and give its format
This record contains the information about the modification in the object code
during program relocation. The general format is
Col 1
M
Col 2-7
starting location of the address field to be modified relative to the
beginning of the program
Col 8-9
length of the address field to be modified in half bytes.
17.
Write down the pass numbers(PASS 1/ PASS 2) of the following activities that
occur in a two pass assembler:
a. Object code generation
b. Literals added to literal table
c. Listing printed
d. Address location of local symbols
Answer:
a. Object code generation - PASS 2
b. Literals added to literal table PASS 1
c. Listing printed PASS2
d. Address location of local symbols PASS1
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18. What is meant by machine independent assembler features?
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The assembler feature that does not depend upon the machine architecture is known
as machine independent assembler features.
Eg: program blocks, Literals.
19. How the register to register instructions are translated in assembler?
In the case of register to register instructions the operand field contains the register
name. During the translation first the object code is converted into its corresponding
machine language equivalent with the help of OPTAB. Then the SYMTAB is searched for
the numeric equivalent of register and that value is inserted into the operand field.
Eg:
125
1036 RDREC
CLEAR
X
B410
B4-macine equivalent of the opcode CLEAR
10-numeric equivalent of the register X.
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20. What is meant by external references?

Assembler program can be divided into many sections known as control sections and
each control section can be loaded and relocated independently of the others. If the
instruction in one control section need to refer instruction or data in another control section
.the assembler is unable to process these references in normal way. Such references between
controls are called external references.
21. Define control section.

A control section is a part of the program that maintains its identity after assembly;
each control section can be loaded and relocated independently of the others.
Control sections are most often used for subroutines. The major benefit of using
control sections is to increase flexibility.
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22. What is the difference between the assembler directive EXTREF and EXTDEF.
EXTDEF names external symbols that are defined in a particular control section and may be
used by other sections. EXTREF names external symbols that are referred in a particular
control section and defined in another control section.
23. Give the general format of define record.
This record gives information about external symbols that are defined in a
particular control section. The format is
Col 1
D
Col 2-7
name of external symbol defined in this control section
Col 8-13
relative address of the symbol with in this control section
Col 14-73
name and relative address for other external symbols.
23. Give the use of assembler directive CSECT and USE

CSECT - used to divide the program into many control sections
USE used to divide the program in to many blocks called program blocks
24. What is the use of the assembler directive START?
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The assembler directive START gives the name and starting address of the program.
The format is
PN
START
1000
Here PN name of the program
1000-starting address of the program.
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UNIT III (LOADERS AND LINKERS)
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1. What are the basic functions of loaders
Loading brings the object program into memory for execution

Relocation modifies the object program so that it can be loaded at an address
different from the location originally specified
Linking combines two or more separate object programs and also supplies the
information needed to reference them.
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2. Define absolute loader

The loader, which is used only for loading, is known as absolute loader.
e.g. Bootstrap loader
3. What is meant by bootstrap loader?

This is a special type of absolute loader which loads the first program to be run by
the computer. (Usually an operating system)
4. What are relative (relocative) loaders?

Loaders that allow for program relocation are called relocating (relocative) loaders.
5. What is the use of modification record?
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Modification record is used for program relocation. Each modification record

specifies the starting address and the length of the field whose value is to be altered and
also describes the modification to be performed.
6. What are the 2 different techniques used for relocation?

Modification record method and relocation bit method.
7. Relocation bit method

If the relocation bit corresponding to a word of object code is set to 1, the programs
starting address is to be added to this word when the program is relocated. Bit value 0
indicates no modification is required.
8. Define bit mask

The relocation bits are gathered together following the length indicator in each text
record and which is called as bit mask. For e.g. the bit mask FFC (111111111100)
specifies that the first 10 words of object code are to be modified during relocation.
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9. What is the need of ESTAB?
It is used to store the name and address of the each external symbol. It also indicates
in which control section the symbol is defined.
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10. What is the use of the variable PROGADDR?
It gives the beginning address in memory where the linked program is to be loaded.
The starting address is obtained from the operating system.
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11. Write the two passes of a linking loader.
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Pass1: assigns address to all external symbols

Pass2: it performs actual loading, relocation and linking.
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12. Define automatic library search.

In many linking loaders the subroutines called by the program being loaded are
automatically fetched from the library, linked with the main program and loaded. This
feature is referred to as automatic library search.
13. List the loader options INCLUDE &DELETE.

The general format of INCLUDE is
INCLUDE program name (library name)
This command directs the loader to read the designated object program from a library
and treat it as the primary loader input.
The general format of DELETE command is
DELETE Csect-name
It instructs the loader to delete the named control sections from the sets of programs
loaded.
14. Give the functions of the linking loader.

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The linking loader performs the process of linking and relocation. It includes the
operation of automatic library search and the linked programs are directly loaded into the
memory.
15. Give the difference between linking loader and linkage editors.
Linking loader
Linkage editor
The relocation and linking is performed It produces a linked version of a program
each time the program is loaded
and which is written in a f ile for later
Here the loading can be accomplished in execution two passes are required
a single
16. Define dynamic linking.
If the subroutine is loaded and linked to the program during its first call (run
time), then it is called as dynamic loading or dynamic linking.
17. Write the advantage of dynamic linking.
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a) It has the ability to load the routine only when they are needed
b) The dynamic linking avoids the loading of entire library for each execution
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18. What is meant by static executable and dynamic executable?
In static executable, all external symbols are bound and ready to run. In dynamic
executables some symbols are bound at run time.
19. What is shared and private data?
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The data divided among processing element is called shared data. If the data is
not shared among processing elements then it is called private data.
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20. Write the absolute loader algorithm.
Begin
Read Header record
Verify program name and length
Read first text record
While record type != E do
Begin
Moved object code to specified location in memory
Read next object program record
End
Jump to address specified in End record
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UNIT IV
(MACRO PROCESSORS)
1. Define macro processor.

Macro processor is system software that replaces each macroinstruction with the
corresponding group of source language statements. This is also called as expanding of
macros.
2. What do macro expansion statements mean?
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These statements give the name of the macroinstruction being invoked and the
arguments to be used in expanding the macros. These statements are also known as
macro call.
3. What are the directives used in macro definition?
MACRO - it identifies the beginning of the macro definition
MEND - it marks the end of the macro definition
4. What are the data structures used in macro processor?
DEFTAB the macro definitions are stored in a definition table ie it contains a macro
prototype and the statements that make up the macro body.
NAMTAB it is used to store the macro names and it contains two pointers for each
macro instruction which indicate the starting and end location of macro definition in
DEFTAB. It also serves as an index to DEFTAB
ARGTAB it is used to store the arguments during the expansion of macro
invocations.
5. Define conditional macro expansion.
If the macro is expanded depends upon some conditions in macro definition
(depending on the arguments supplied in the macro expansion) then it is called as
conditional macro expansion.
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6. What is the use of macro time variable?

Macro time variable
can be used to store working values during the macro
expansion. Any symbol that begins with the character & and then is not a macro
instruction parameter is assumed to be a macro time variable.
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7. What are the statements used for conditional macro expansion?

IF-ELSE-ENDIF statement
WHILE-ENDW statement
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8. What is meant by positional parameters?

If the parameters and arguments were associated with each other according to
their positions in the macro prototype and the macro invocation statement, then these
parameters in macro definitions are called as positional parameters.
9. Consider the macro definition
#Define DISPLAY(EXPR)
Printf (EXPR = %d\n,EXPR)
Expand the macro instruction DISPLAY (ANS)
Ans.: Printf (EXPR = %d\n, ANS)
10. What are known as nested macro call?
The statement, in which a macro calls on another macro, is called nested macro
call. In the nested macro call, the call is done by outer macro and the macro called is the
inner macro.
11. How the macro is processed using two passes?
Pass1: processing of definitions
Pass 2: actual-macro expansion.
12. Give the advantage of line by line processors.
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It avoids the extra pass over the source program during assembling
It may use some of the utility that can be used by language translators so that can be
loaded once.
13. What is meant by line by line processor
This macro processor reads the source program statements, process the
statements and then the output lines are passed to the language translators as they are
generated, instead of being written in an expanded file.
14. Give the advantages of general-purpose macro processors.
The programmer does not need to learn about a macro facility for each compiler.
Overall saving in software development cost and a maintenance cost
15. What is meant by general-purpose macro processors?
The macro processors that are not dependent on any particular programming
language, but can be used with a variety of different languages are known as general
purpose macro processors.
Eg. The ELENA macro processor.
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16. What are the important factors considered while designing a general purpose
macro processors?
comments
grouping of statements
tokens
syntax used for macro definitions
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17. What is the symbol used to generate unique labels?

$ Symbol is used in macro definition to generate unique symbols. Each macro
expansion the $ symbol is replaced by $XX, where XX is the alpha numeric character.
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18. How the nested macro calls are executed?

The execution of nested macro call follows the LIFO rule. In case of nested
macro calls the expansion of the latest macro call is completed first.
19. Mention the tasks involved in macro expansion.
identify the macro calls in the program
the values of formal parameters are identified
maintain the values of expansion time variables declared in a macro
expansion time control flow is organized
determining the values of sequencing symbols
expansion of a model statement is performed
20. How to design the pass structure of a macro assembler?
To design the structure of macro-assembler, the functions of macro preprocessor
and the conventional assembler are merged. After merging, the functions are structured
into passes of the macro assembler.
UNIT V
(TEXT EDITORS)
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1. Define interactive editor?

An interactive editor is a computer program that allows a user to create and
revise a target document. The term document includes objects such as computer
programs, text, equations, tables, diagrams, line art, and photographs anything that
one might find on a printed page.
2. What are the tasks performed in the editing process?

Four tasks
1. Select the part of the target document to be viewed and manipulated.
2. Determine how to format this view on-line and how to display it.
3. Specify and execute operations that modify the target document.
4. Update the view appropriately.
3. What are the three categories of editors devices?

1. Text device/ String devices
2. Button device/Choice devices
3. Locator device
4. What is the function performed in editing phase?
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In the actual editing phase, the target document is created or altered with a set
of operations such as insert, delete, replace, move and copy.
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5. Define Locator device?
Locator devices are two-dimensional analog-to-digital converters that position

a cursor symbol on the screen by observing the users movement of the device. The
most common such devices for editing applications are the mouse and the data tablet.
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6. What is the function performed in voice input device?

Voice-input devices, which translate spoken words to their textual
equivalents, may prove to be the text input devices of the future. Voice recognizers
are currently available for command input on some systems.
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7. What are called tokens?

The lexical analyzer tracks the source program one character at a time by
making the source program into sequence of atomic units is called tokens.
8. Name some of typical tokens.

Identifiers, keywords, constants, operators and punctuation symbols such as
commas and parentheses are typical tokens.
9. What is meant by lexeme?

The character that forms a token is said to be a lexeme.
10. Mention the main disadvantage of interpreter.

The main disadvantage of interpreter is that the execution time of interpreted
program is slower than that of a corresponding compiled object program.
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11. What is meant by code optimization?

The code optimization is designed to improve the intermediate code, which helps
the object program to run faster and takes less space.
12. What is error handler?

The error handler is used to check if there is an error in the program. If any
error, it should warn the programmer by instructions to proceed from phase to phase.
13. Name some of text editors.

line editors
stream editors
screen editors
word processors
structure editors
14. What for debug monitors are used?
Debug monitors are used in obtaining information for localization of errors.
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15. Mention the features of word processors.

moving text from one place to another
merging of text
searching
word replacement
16. What are the phases in performing editing process?
a. Traveling phase
b. Filtering phase
c. Formatting phase
d. Editing phase
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17. Define traveling phase.
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The phase specifies the region of interest. Traveling is achieved using

operations such as next screenful, bottom, find pattern.
Filtering phase: -The selection of what is to be viewed and manipulated in given by
filtering.
Editing phase: - In this phase, the target document is altered with the set of
operations such as insert, delete, replace, move and copy.
18. Define user interface?

User interface is one, which allows the user to communicate with the system in
order to perform certain tasks. User interface is generally designed in a computer to
make it easier to use.
19. Define input device?

Input device is an electromechanical device, which accepts data from the outside
world and translates them into a form, which the computer can interpret.
20. Define output devices

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An output device is the user to view the elements being edited and the results of
the editing operations.
21. What are the methods in Interaction language of a text editor?

A. Typing oriented or text command oriented method
B. Function key interfaces
C. menu oriented method
22. Define interactive debugging systems

An interactive debugging system provides programmers with facilities that aid in
the testing and debugging of programs.
1. Debugging functions and capabilities
2. Relationship with other parts of the system
3. User interface criteria.
23. Define editor structure.
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The command language processor accepts input from the users input devices
and analyzes the tokens and syntactic structure of the commands.
.
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24. Give the components of editor structure

4 components
a. Editing component
b. Traveling component
c. Viewing component
d. Display component
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s
c
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25. What are the basic types of computing environments used in editors functions?
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Editors function in three basic types of computing environments

i.
Time sharing
ii.
Stand-alone
iii.
Distributed
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16 MARKS QUESTIONS & KEYS

UNIT 1
1. Explain about the SIC architecture

Memory
Registers Data
Format Instruction
format Addressing
modes Instruction
sets
I/O devices
2. Write in detail about SIC / XE Architecture.

Page 15 of 18
Memory
Registers
Data Format
Instruction format
Addressing modes
Instruction sets
3. Mention the differences between SIC and SIC/XE.

SIC
Here only five registers are used.
A,X,L,SW and PC
Floating point hardware is used
Four different type of instruction
Two different addressing modes are
used
SIC/XE
Here there are nine registers.
A, X, L, SW, PC, B, S, T and F
There is no floating point hardware
Only one instruction format is used formats
Here there are many addressing modes
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4. Discuss about Instruction sets in SIC and SIC / XE.

UNIT-II
.
e
b
1. Explain in detail about basic assembler functions.

A simple SIC assembler
Assembler Algorithm
Data structures
2. Explain about the machine-Dependent Assembler features.
Instruction formats
Addressing modes
Program Relocation
3. Discuss in detail about the machine-Independent Assembler features.
Literals
Symbol-Defining Statements
Expressions
Program blocks
Control sections and Program Linking
4. Explain in detail about the assembler Design options.
One-pass Assembler
Multi-pass Assembler
5. Discuss in detail about MASM Assembler
Classes
Data Segments
Near jump
Far jump problem
Segments
MASM directives
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UNIT-III
Page 16 of 18
1. Explain in detail about basic loader functions.

Design of an Absolute Loader
A simple Bootstrap loader
2. Explain about Machine-Dependent Loader Features.
Relocation
Program Linking
Algorithm
Data structures
3. Discuss in detail about Machine-independent Load er features
Automatic Library Search
Loader Options
4. Explain about the Loader Design Options.
Linkage Editor
Dynamic linking
Bootstrap loaders
5. Explain in detail about MS-DOS Linker
MS-DOS Assemblers and Compilers
MS-DOS LINK
MS-DOS Object modules
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b
UNIT-IV
u
t
e
1. Explian in detail about the basic Macro Processor functions.

Macro Definition
Macro expansion
Algorithm
Data Structures
2. Discuss in detail about the Machine-independent macro processor features.
Concatenation of Macro parameters
Generation of unique labels
Conditional macro Expansion
Keyword macro parameters
3. Explain about Macro Processor Design options
Recursive Macro Expansion
General purpose Macro Procesors
Macro processing within Language Translators
s
c
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4. Explain in detail about MASM Macro Processor

Conditional assembly statements
MASM macro
Conditional statements
5. Explain in detail about ANSI C macro Language
Macro definitions with parenthesis
Macro expansion with parenthesis
Conditional compilation statements
Debugging statements
UNIT-V
Page 17 of 18
1. Explain in detail about the following

i) Editing process
ii) User Interface
Editing process:
Tasks
Select the part of the target document
Determine how to format
Specify and execute operations
Update
UI-Conceptual model
Operations on numbered sequence
Manipulate portions of the plane
Concerned i/p devices
2. Explain about the editor structure.
Diagram
Explanation
3. Discuss in detail about debugging functions and capabilities.
Different levels
Procedure
Branch
Individual Instructions & Examples
/
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e
b
4. Explain in detail about the following

i) Relationships with other parts of the system
ii)User Interface criteria
i.
Requirement-Always be available
Debugging
Application development time
Production environment
Coordinate with existing and future language compilers and interpreters
ii.
simple organization
full screen displays and wind owing systems
command language should be clear
On-line help facility
5. Explain about various software tools.
Text editors
Debugging systems
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Page 18 of 18

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III Year V Semester CSE