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    Dental Anomalies II New PDF

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    Franco Coco Sartori
    This document describes various anomalies that can affect the structure of enamel, dentin, and cementum. Enamel defects include hypoplasia, where enamel deposition is disturbed resulting in irregular thickness, and hypocalcification, where mineralization is disturbed leading to poorly mineralized enamel. Amelogenesis imperfecta is a hereditary defect of enamel and can present as hypoplastic, hypomaturation, or hypocalcified. Dentinogenesis imperfecta is a defect in dentin formation that results in amorphous dentin. Dentin dysplasia involves abnormalities of the circumpulpal dentin and root morphology. Regional odontodysplasia is a localized arrest in tooth development thought to be

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    Dental Anomalies II New PDF

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    Franco Coco Sartori
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    This document describes various anomalies that can affect the structure of enamel, dentin, and cementum. Enamel defects include hypoplasia, where enamel deposition is disturbed resulting in irregular thickness, and hypocalcification, where mineralization is disturbed leading to poorly mineralized enamel. Amelogenesis imperfecta is a hereditary defect of enamel and can present as hypoplastic, hypomaturation, or hypocalcified. Dentinogenesis imperfecta is a defect in dentin formation that results in amorphous dentin. Dentin dysplasia involves abnormalities of the circumpulpal dentin and root morphology. Regional odontodysplasia is a localized arrest in tooth development thought to be

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    This document describes various anomalies that can affect the structure of enamel, dentin, and cementum. Enamel defects include hypoplasia, where enamel deposition is disturbed resulting in irregular thickness, and hypocalcification, where mineralization is disturbed leading to poorly mineralized enamel. Amelogenesis imperfecta is a hereditary defect of enamel and can present as hypoplastic, hypomaturation, or hypocalcified. Dentinogenesis imperfecta is a defect in dentin formation that results in amorphous dentin. Dentin dysplasia involves abnormalities of the circumpulpal dentin and root morphology. Regional odontodysplasia is a localized arrest in tooth development thought to be

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    218 views34 pages

    Dental Anomalies II New PDF

    Uploaded by

    Franco Coco Sartori
    This document describes various anomalies that can affect the structure of enamel, dentin, and cementum. Enamel defects include hypoplasia, where enamel deposition is disturbed resulting in irregular thickness, and hypocalcification, where mineralization is disturbed leading to poorly mineralized enamel. Amelogenesis imperfecta is a hereditary defect of enamel and can present as hypoplastic, hypomaturation, or hypocalcified. Dentinogenesis imperfecta is a defect in dentin formation that results in amorphous dentin. Dentin dysplasia involves abnormalities of the circumpulpal dentin and root morphology. Regional odontodysplasia is a localized arrest in tooth development thought to be

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    of 34

    Anomalies of Structure

    Enamel
    Dentin
    Cementum

    Enamel
    Tooth structure abnormalities result from disruption

    during the histodifferentiation, apposition, and


    mineralization stages of tooth development.
    Enamel defects manifested as:
    Hypoplasia
    Hypocalcification
    Can be:
    Heritable defects
    Environmental defects

    Hypoplasia: disturbance of matrix deposition,

    characterized by irregular enamel in thickness or


    deficient in structure.
    Hypocalcification: disturbance in mineralization,
    characterized by normal enamel in thickness but part
    of it is poorly mineralized

    Amelogenesis Imperfecta
    Distinct patterns of inheritance.
    Defective enamel, so on radiograph the pulpal outline

    appears normal and root morphology.


    Hypoplastic vs hypomaturation vs hypocalcified

    Hypoplastic Amelogenesis
    Imperfecta
    Occurs in histodifferentiation
    stage of tooth development
    Thin Enamel resulting in high
    sensitivity to thermal stimuli
    Lack of contact points between
    teeth
    Rough smooth or randomly
    pitted enamel

    Hypomaturation Amelogenesis
    Imperfecta
    Defect in enamel matrix

    apposition
    normal enamel thickness
    a low value of radiodensity and
    mineral content
    porous surface that becomes
    stained

    Hypocalcification

    Amelogenesis Imperfecta
    Defect in the calcification

    stage of enamel formation


    Qualitatively the matrix is
    poorly calcified with a
    resultant fracturing of the
    enamel surface exposing
    dentin surface especially at
    incisal edge

    Environmental Enamel Hypoplasia


    Systemic causes
    Nutritional deficiencies (Vit. A ,C, D, Ca+ PO4 )
    Severe Infections, Fever ( Rubella , Syphilis ..)
    Asthma
    Neurologic defects as cerebral palsy
    Radiation
    Flouride
    Syndromes ??

    Localized Enamel Hypoplasia


    Local infection,
    Local trauma,
    Iatrogenic surgery as occurs in cleft palate closure

    Primary tooth overretention.

    Turner hypoplasia
    Turner hypoplasia is a

    classic example of
    hypoplastic defects in
    permanent teeth
    resulting from local
    infection or trauma to
    the primary precursor

    Post-operative
    Pre-operative

    Full mouth rehabilitation of


    Amelogenesis Imperfecta

    Dentin
    Dentinogenesis Imperfecta
    defect during the histodifferentiation stage of tooth
    development
    defect of predentin matrix results in amorphic,
    disorganized, and atubular circumpulpal dentin(
    which is high in organic content and contains
    interglobular calcification)
    The mantle dentin is normal.

    Dentinogenesis Imperfecta
    Shields type 1 occurs with osteogenesis imperfecta.
    Defect in collagen formation
    Blue sclera, brittle bones, bowing of limbs

    Periapical radiolucencies
    Bulbous crowns
    Obliteration of pulp chambers
    Root fractures

    Dentinogenesis Imperfecta
    Shields type 2, (hereditary opalescent dentin)
    Periapical radiolucencies
    Bulbous crowns

    Obliteration of pulp chambers


    Root fractures

    Dentinogenesis imperfecta (Hereditary opalescent dentine)

    Dentinogenesis Imperfecta
    Shields type 3
    a predominance of bell-shaped crowns
    involves teeth with a shell-like appearance and

    multiple pulp exposures.


    It has occurred exclusively in a triracial isolated group
    in Maryland known as the Brandywine population

    Dentin Dysplasia
    Inherited dentin disorders resulting in characteristic

    features involving the circumpulpal dentin and root


    morphology.

    Dentin Dysplasia
    Shields type 1 (Radicular Dentin
    Dysplasia, rootless teeth)
    Normal crown morphology with
    an amber translucency).
    The roots tend to be short and
    sharply constricted.
    Multiple periapical
    radiolucencies and absent pulp
    chambers.

    Dentin Dysplasia
    Shields type 2
    Involves amber-colored primary teeth closely
    resembling dentinogenesis imperfecta
    Permanent teeth appear normal, but radiographically
    they demonstrate thistle-tube-shaped pulp chambers
    with multiple pulp stones
    no periapical radiolucencies are visible

    Regional Odontodysplasia
    Localized arrest in tooth development thought to

    result from a regional vascular developmental


    anomaly.
    Affected teeth have thin layers of poorly calcified
    enamel and dentin with large, diffusely calcified pulp
    chambers and shortened, poorly defined roots

    Regional Odontodysplasia
    Ghost teeth radiographic appearance with shortened

    roots and shell-like crowns

    Cementum
    Epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica, an inherited

    vesicular and bullous disease of the skin and mucous


    membranes,
    involves formation of fibrous, poorly calcified acellular
    cementum and overproduction of cellular cementum.

    Hypophosphatasia
    Failure of bone to mineralize properly, which is
    associated with low serum alkaline phosphatase levels.
    Osteoporosis
    bone fragility
    premature loss of primary incisors
    Failure of cementum formation

    REFERENCES:
    Pediatric Dentistry : Infancy through Adolescence
    Pinkham
    Ch. 4 (Anomalies of Developing Dentition)

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