Pre-Feasibility Study

LAYER FARM
(10000 Birds)

Small and Medium Enterprise Development Authority

Government of Pakistan
www.smeda.org.pk
HEAD OFFICE
th
6 Floor ,LDA Plaza , Egerton Road , Lahore 54000, Pkaistan
Tel: (042) 111-111-456, Fax: (042) 6304926-7
helpdesk@smeda.org.pk

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PUNJAB SINDH NWFP BALOCHISTAN

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Lahore Karachi. The Mall, Peshawar. Airport Road, Quetta.
Tel: (042) 111-111-456, Fax: Tel: (021) 111-111-456 Tel: (091) 9213046-47 Tel: (081) 831623, 831702
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helpdesk@smeda.org.pk helpdesk-khi@smeda.org.pk helpdesk-pew@smeda.org.pk helpdesk-qta@smeda.org.pk

May, 2006
Pre-Feasibility Study Layer Farm (10,000 Birds)

DISCLAIMER
The purpose and scope of this information memorandum is to introduce the subject
matter and provide a general idea and information on the said area. All the material
included in this document is based on data/information gathered from various
sources and is based on certain assumptions. Although, due care and diligence has
been taken to compile this document, the contained information may vary due to any
change in any of the concerned factors, and the actual results may differ substantially
from the presented information. SMEDA does not assume any liability for any
financial or other loss resulting from this memorandum in consequence of
undertaking this activity. Therefore, the content of this memorandum should not be
relied upon for making any decision, investment or otherwise. The prospective user
of this memorandum is encouraged to carry out his/her own due diligence and gather
any information he/she considers necessary for making an informed decision.
The content of the information memorandum does not bind SMEDA in any legal or
other form.

DOCUMENT CONTROL
Document No. PREF-19
Revision 2
Prepared by SMEDA-Punjab
Issue Date April, 2002
Revision Date May, 2006
Issued by Library Officer

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Pre-Feasibility Study Layer Farm (10,000 Birds)

1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Project Brief

Layer farm business is an Live Stock based project. This can be started in both rural
and semi-urban areas. According to the current industry practice, poultry sheds are
available on rent basis. These sheds have complete required facilities and equipment.
The rent varies between Rs 1.5 to Rs 2 per square feet depending upon the location
and facilities at the farm. Major portion of the cost includes bird feed.
Day old chicks of Layer are initially reared for a period of 5-6 months. On
completion of 5-6 months, the birds then start laying eggs for a period of next 52
weeks (12 months). On an average, one layer lays about 300 eggs per laying season
of 52 weeks.
After the completion of laying period, the layers are sold in the market as culled
birds. The selling price of these birds is determined on per bird basis.

1.2 Opportunity Rationale

Layer farming is a vital source for providing high quality animal protein ( Eggs)
which is daily requirement of the human body. Animal Protein is more valuable than
that of plant protein.
The average availability of protein in Pakistan is 11 grams a day, which is far less
than the recommended daily dietary protein consumption of 26 grams according to
the World Health Organization standards.

Figure 1-1: Daily Protein Consumption

Recommended Daily Dietary Protein Allowance Vs Existing Availability 1991-

2000
30
25
Grams

20
15
10
5
0
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Available per Day Recommend Daily Dietary Allowance

The figures above show the shortage of protein availability in the country. The
demand for eggs is increasing with the increase in the population.

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Pre-Feasibility Study Layer Farm (10,000 Birds)

The following table shows the per capita consumption of eggs and poultry meat in
2005:

Table 1-1: Per Capita Consumption of Eggs and Poultry Meat

Per Capita Consumption
Eggs (Nos.) 57
Poultry Meat 2.5 kg

1.3 Total Project Cost

A Poultry farm with a population of 10,000 birds started in a rented shed requires a
small capital investment of about Rs 136,000 for purchasing farm machinery and
equipment. A sum of about Rs 777,778 is required as working capital, which will be
used to purchase day old chicks and raw material (feed & vaccines) etc.

1.4 Proposed Capacity

10000-birds are viable economic size to start a layer farm, where the operational and
fixed costs are justifiable. These birds are kept for eighteen months, which includes a
rearing period of 6 months and laying period of 12 months.

2 CURRENT INDUSTRY STRUCTURE.

According to studies, approximately 58.5% of the total egg production comes from
Farm eggs and the rest from Rural Poultry (Desi) eggs. In 2005, 4,886 layer farms
produced 4,992 million eggs. Egg availability in Pakistan has been growing at an
annual average rate of 2.6% during the years 2001 to 2005.
However, the poultry industry reports huge capacity under-utilization. The
operational capacity of hatcheries and feed mills is reported to be far below its total
installed capacity.
Layer population however, has increased at a growth rate of 4.5% during the last five
years.

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Pre-Feasibility Study Layer Farm (10,000 Birds)

Figure 2-1: Layer Population 2001-051

L ayer Pop ulation(2001-2005)

25.0
Population (Mill. Birds)

20.0 22.1 22.7

18.1 18.4 1 9.3
15.0

10.0

5.0

0.0
2001 2 002 2 003 2004 2005

Table 2-1: Poultry Statistics 2004-05 2

Poultry Statistics (2004-05)
Poultry Farms Numbers
No of layer farms 4,866
Broiler farms 17,405
Breeder farms 623
Total Farms 22,894
Birds Produced/Maintained Birds Million
Layer 22.69
Broiler 292.05
Breeder Stock 6.78
Total Birds Produced 321.52
Poultry Products Million
Farm eggs 4,992
Rural Poultry (Desi) eggs 3,526
Total Eggs Production 8,518
Poultry Meat 000 Tons
Culled Birds (Layer and Breeder) 21.2
Broiler 101
Rural Poultry (Desi) 294.05
Total Meat Produced 416.25

1
Source: Livestock Wing
2
Source: Livestock Wing
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Pre-Feasibility Study Layer Farm (10,000 Birds)

3 MARKETING
Layer starts giving eggs at the age of 26 weeks. Usually, layer farm is recommended
to start in the month of February or March. The layer is ready to lay eggs in
July/August. The demand for eggs is increased during the winter season and, as a
result of that, the prices of eggs are also increased.
Weighted average sale price at the farm gate for the year has been taken as Rs.33 per
dozen eggs sold.
Eggs are packed in trays and can be sold in bulk to the wholesale markets in the
urban cities. The eggs are more liable to be damaged during transportation. The
profits and losses in marketing of eggs depend on the proper transportation methods.
Eggs should be transported in proper containers. Bamboo baskets, wooden boxes,
and pitch board trays, collapsible cardboard boxes and in plastic trays are the
containers used for transporting eggs. Of these, Bamboo baskets and wooden boxes
are the safest way.
Retail buyers are also available who will directly purchase eggs from the farm. Egg
is perishable commodity and cannot be stored for longer period of time. The shelf
life of egg is short during summer (1 week) and long in winter season (4 weeks).

4 FARM MANAGEMENT

4.1 Day Old Chicks

The chicks should be of uniform size, active, alert and bright eyed. The shank or leg
covering (skin) of healthy chicks should appear bright and shiny. Improved and high
yielding chicks should be purchased from reputed farms.

4.2 Brooding
Proper brooding temperature is required to keep the chicks in comfort during rearing
period when they are sensitive to cold and need some artificial heat source to
maintain their normal temperature. Coal or sawdust is burnt for supplying heat at the
stage of brooding in the poultry farm.
The pre-feasibility study has taken brooding expense at Rs 1 per bird during the
rearing period.

4.3 Feeding
The requirement of feed during lying depends on the rate of egg production and the
body weight of layer birds. The birds may need more feed in winter and less feed in
summer. During summer months the flock is under severe stress, it is suggested to
temporarily change the ration to a higher level of protein content. The actual feed
consumption may be influenced by several factors as follows:
 Body weight of the bird.
 Rate of egg production.
 Season and weather condition.
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Pre-Feasibility Study Layer Farm (10,000 Birds)

 Health and physical condition of the bird.

 Feed quality such as protein contents, caloric value of feed etc.
Generally the feed intake increases with an increase in egg production.

4.4 Housing
The poultry house should be well ventilated, reasonably warm in winter and cool in
summer. The poultry house should be cheap, durable, comfortable and safe. Each
bird should be provided a floor space of about 1.5 to 2 sq. ft. The calculations in the
feasibility are based on an area of 1.75 sq. ft. per bird.

4.5 Feeders
It is essential to provide adequate feeder space. Ideally, two pan type feeders are
sufficient for 50 birds. Therefore, for 10000 birds, 400 feeders are enough.

4.6 Lighting
Light affects growth and reproduction of birds by different physiological actions.
The duration of the light period should not be decreased during laying period.
Adequate lighting boosts up egg production by 5 to 10 percent. Lighting encourages
the birds to eat more feed, more of which will lead to better growth and more eggs
production. Irregular lighting results in drop in egg production.

4.7 Drinkers
Proper drinking space should be provided to birds. It is necessary to provide extra
water during summer and extremely hot weather. Generally, one large drinker is
sufficient for 50 birds. The feasibility study has therefore taken 200 large drinkers
and 100 small drinkers.

4.8 Litter
Litter is spread on the floor to prevent the direct contact with the floor. Straw, rice-
husk and sawdust are generally used for making the litter. It should be dry and free
of moulds. Caked or moldy material should be removed and refilled with fresh
materials. Extensively wet and dusty litter should also not be used. Using new litter
for each flock is good for raising disease-free broiler. Litter can also be resold in the
market.

4.9 Vaccination
Vaccination can be applied to chicks through injections. The medicine can also be
mixed in the water and also through eye. Vaccination is provided to the birds once in
the rearing period and once in the laying period. Average vaccination cost per bird
usually varies between Rs 2-4. The feasibility study has taken vaccination cost at Rs
3 per bird.

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Pre-Feasibility Study Layer Farm (10,000 Birds)

4.10 Fumigation & Spraying

It is essential to disinfect all equipment and walls of the broiler house. The rooms
should be white washed and sprayed before the arrival of birds.
Disinfectant solution can be prepared with Phenol, Potassium Permanganate,
Carbolic Acid and Formaline. A solution of Sodium Hydroxide/Caustic Soda with
warm water can also be used to clean the house.
To sanitize the layer farm from germs and insects, it is fumigated with
Formaldehyde Gas, which is produced by putting Formaline on Potassium
Permanganate. The rooms should be sealed for 30 minutes after the fumigation so
that the gas infiltrates in every corner of the room.

4.11 Culling
Culling is the procedure of selection and rejection of unproductive and poor
producers. Culling is a very important job for running layer farm profitably. Poor
layer should be culled to minimize the cost of production. The birds that have laid
well for short period but have stopped laying for one reason or another should be
culled out. Sales price varies in a range of Rs.35 to 50.In the feasibility study the
culled birds are sold at a rate of Rs. 40 per bird.

4.12 Rearing and Laying Schedule

The cycle of one flock of layer farm is divided into two distinct phases, the rearing
phase and the laying phase. During the rearing phase of 6 months, the birds consume
feed and are non-productive. After the rearing phase is over, the birds start laying
eggs and remain productive for the next 12 months. So, the revenues and costs occur
in the form of cycles. The schedule for this calculation for the first ten years of
operation of the farm is shown in Table 4-1.

Table 4-1: Schedule for calculation of Revenues and Expenses

Year Rearing Laying Frequency per year
Months Months Birds Sale Birds Litter Litter Spray Vaccination
Purchased Sale Purchased Cost Cost

1 6 6 0 1 1 2 2 2
2 5 6 1 1 2 2 2 2
3 1 11 1 0 1 0 1 0
4 6 5 0 1 1 2 2 2
5 3 8 1 1 2 2 2 2
6 3 9 1 0 1 0 1 0
7 6 5 0 1 1 2 2 2
8 1 10 1 1 2 2 2 2
9 5 7 1 0 1 0 1 0
10 6 5 0 1 1 2 2 2
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Pre-Feasibility Study Layer Farm (10,000 Birds)

5 MANPOWER REQUIREMENTS
One person can handle 3000 birds easily. Two persons are sufficient to look after the
5000 birds. The feasibility has taken 4 attendants; each attendant will be paid a
monthly salary of Rs 3,500.

6 FARM MACHINERY

6.1 Farm Equipment

Various types of farm equipment are needed for feeding, drinking and handling the
birds. List of the required farm equipment is given in Table 6-1:

Table 6-1 Farm Equipment

Farm Equipment Unit Unit Cost Total Cost
Brooders
20 600 12,000
Drum Heaters
2 1,200 2,400
Drinkers (Small)
100 90 9,000
Drinkers (Large)
200 180 36,000
Feeders
400 140 56,000
Nests
100 26 2,600
Shifting Box
10 1,800 18,000
Total 832 136,000

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Pre-Feasibility Study Layer Farm (10,000 Birds)

7 LAND & BUILDING

7.1 Recommended Mode for Acquiring Land

It is recommended that the proposed project should be started on a rented shed. This
option will help us to save on the capital cost required for constructing new sheds.
Normally, these sheds are located along the roadsides around the cities and rural
areas.
Generally, the rate prevailing in the market is around Rs 1.25 per square feet.

Table 7-1 Space Requirement

Space Requirement Required Area (Sq.ft)
Shed Space @ 2 Sq.ft/bird 20,000
Store Room 64
Rooms for Guard and Workers 144
Pavement/Driveway 510
Total Project Space Requirement 20,718
Rental Cost/Sq.ft (Rs) 1.25
Total Building Rental Cost (Rs) per month 26,000

7.2 Suitable Locations

Sub-urban and rural areas around the major cities of the country are recommended
for starting a layer farm. Setting up a farm at an isolated place will minimize the risk
of disease.

7.3 Infrastructure Requirements

 Road
 Electricity
 Water
 Drainage of rain water

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Pre-Feasibility Study Layer Farm (10,000 Birds)

8 PROJECT COST

Table 8-1: Total Project Cost

Project Costs Rs.
Machinery & equipment 136,000
Total Fixed Costs 136,000
Raw material inventory 467,008
Prepaid building rent 310,770
Total Working Capital 777,778
Total Project Cost 913,778

Table 8-2: Financial Plan

Initial Financing Rs. in actual
Debt 0% 0
Equity 100% 913,778

Table 8-3: Project Returns

Project
IRR 35.92%
NPV (Rs) 2,105,675
Payback Period (years) 5.480

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Pre-Feasibility Study Layer Farm (10,000 Birds)

9 KEY SUCCESS FACTORS

 Farm management
Professional farm management is the key success factor to increase the birds
productivity. The farm labor should be experienced enough to look after the
biological/disease matters of the farm. Timely feeding and vaccination is only
possible if some person is available at the farm 24 hours a day.
 Market Information

Sale price of eggs fluctuates during a year. Generally, the sale price of eggs is lower
in summer season and higher in winter season. The entrepreneur should be well
aware of this price fluctuation. This will help the entrepreneur to negotiate well the
sale price of eggs.
 Vaccination and Medication

Mortality is the most critical component in determining the viability of a Layer farm.
Some times the epidemic diseases results in heavy mortality of up to 25%. Proper
vaccination and medication is very helpful to reduce the mortality loss up to 10%.

10 THREATS FOR THE BUSINESS

 Price fluctuations in the market
Egg prices are determined by supply and demand phenomenon in the market. The
prices of eggs go up in winter season as the demand is increased.
 Disease
Mortality is the most alarming threat to the viability of the farm. In this regard, Bird
flu is considered to be the most fatal issue, according to a study, during Bird Flu
40% of the investors withdraws their investment from the industry.
 Shelf life
Egg is a perishable commodity and cannot be stored for a long time at the room
temperature. It needs to be either sold within short time or has to be stored at a cool
temperature.

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Pre-Feasibility Study Layer Farm (10,000Birds)

11 FINANCIAL ANALYSIS

11.1 Projected Income Statement

Const Year Year-1 Year-2 Year-3 Year-4 Year-5 Year-6 Year-7 Year-8 Year-9 Year-10

Sales 3,745,020 4,516,677 8,720,313 4,161,105 7,826,508 9,610,445 5,538,431 12,832,594 10,134,438 7,371,652

COST OF GOODS SOLD

Raw Material 4,076,752 4,019,329 4,870,307 4,198,345 4,969,276 5,305,768 4,955,379 6,118,832 5,757,502 5,736,470
Payroll (Production Staff) 168,000 176,400 185,220 194,481 204,205 214,415 225,136 236,393 248,213 260,623
Machine Maintenance 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Direct Electricity - - - - - - - - - -
Brooding Expense 10,000 10,500 0 11,576 12,155 0 13,401 14,071 0 15,513
Direct Water 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total 4,254,752 4,206,229 5,055,527 4,404,403 5,185,637 5,520,183 5,193,916 6,369,296 6,005,715 6,012,607

Gross Profit (509,732) 310,448 3,664,786 (243,297) 2,640,871 4,090,261 344,515 6,463,298 4,128,723 1,359,045

OPERATING EXPENSE
Payroll (Admin) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Payroll (Marketing and Sale) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Litter Cost 10,000 10,500 0 11,576 12,155 0 13,401 14,071 0 15,513
Spray Cost 5,000 5,250 2,756 5,788 6,078 3,191 6,700 7,036 3,694 7,757
Fixed electricity 102,000 112,200 123,420 135,762 149,338 164,272 180,699 198,769 218,646 240,511
Insurance Expense 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Administrative & Factory Overheads 18,725 22,583 43,602 20,806 39,133 48,052 27,692 64,163 50,672 36,858
Amortization (Pre-operational Expenses) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Depreciation 13,600 13,600 13,600 13,600 13,600 13,600 13,600 13,600 13,600 13,600
Mortality loss 128,511 121,873 64,783 143,893 121,076 96,002 166,574 116,999 135,454 192,830
Total 277,836 286,007 248,160 331,425 341,379 325,117 408,667 414,638 422,066 507,069

Operating Profit (787,568) 24,442 3,416,625 (574,722) 2,299,492 3,765,144 (64,151) 6,048,660 3,706,657 851,976

NON-OPERATING EXPENSE
Financial Charges on Long-term Loan 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Financial Charges on Running Finance 0 195,531 271,981 21,819 95,801 0 0 0 0 0
Land Lease 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Building Rental 273,270 300,597 330,657 363,722 400,095 440,104 484,114 532,526 585,779 644,356
Total 273,270 496,128 602,638 385,542 495,895 440,104 484,114 532,526 585,779 644,356

PROFIT BEFORE TAX (1,060,838) (471,686) 2,813,988 (960,264) 1,803,596 3,325,040 (548,266) 5,516,135 3,120,879 207,620
Tax 0 0 562,798 0 360,719 665,008 0 1,103,227 624,176 41,524
PROFIT AFTER TAX (1,060,838) (471,686) 2,251,190 (960,264) 1,442,877 2,660,032 (548,266) 4,412,908 2,496,703 166,096
Retained Earnings beginning of year 0 (1,060,838) (1,532,524) 718,666 (241,598) 1,201,280 3,861,312 3,313,046 7,725,953 10,222,657
Retained Earnings end of year (1,060,838) (1,532,524) 718,666 (241,598) 1,201,280 3,861,312 3,313,046 7,725,953 10,222,657 10,388,752

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Pre-Feasibility Study Layer Farm (10,000Birds)
11.2 Projected Cash flow Statement
Const Year Year-1 Year-2 Year-3 Year-4 Year-5 Year-6 Year-7 Year-8 Year-9 Year-10

Operating activities
Net profit (1,060,838) (471,686) 2,251,190 (960,264) 1,442,877 2,660,032 (548,266) 4,412,908 2,496,703 166,096
Amortization (Pre-operational Expenses) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Depreciation 13,600 13,600 13,600 13,600 13,600 13,600 13,600 13,600 13,600 13,600
Accounts receivable (312,085) (64,305) (350,303) 379,934 (305,450) (148,661) 339,334 (607,847) 224,846 230,232
Equipment Spare Parts Inventory 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Up-Front Insurance payment 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Stocks-RM (452,972) 0 6,380 (94,553) 74,662 (85,659) (37,388) 38,932 (129,273) 40,148 2,337
Accounts payable 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cash provided by operations (452,972) (1,359,323) (516,011) 1,819,934 (492,067) 1,065,368 2,487,583 (156,399) 3,689,388 2,775,297 412,265

Financing activities
Long term debt principal repayment 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Add: building rent expense 273,270 300,597 330,657 363,722 400,095 440,104 484,114 532,526 585,779 644,356
Building rent payment (273,270) (300,597) (330,657) (363,722) (400,095) (440,104) (484,114) (532,526) (585,779) (644,356) (708,792)
Addition to long term debt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Repayment of Running Finance 0 (1,396,650) (1,942,720) (155,852) (684,291) 0 0 0 0 0
Issuance of share 862,242
Cash provided by/ (used for) financing activities 588,972 (27,327) (1,426,710) (1,975,786) (192,224) (724,301) (44,010) (48,411) (53,253) (58,578) (64,436)

Total 136,000 (1,386,650) (1,942,720) (155,852) (684,291) 341,067 2,443,572 (204,811) 3,636,135 2,716,719 347,829

Investing activities
Capital expenditure (136,000)
Cash (used for)/ provided by investing activities (136,000)
Net Cash 0 (1,386,650) (1,942,720) (155,852) (684,291) 341,067 2,443,572 (204,811) 3,636,135 2,716,719 347,829
Cash balance brought forward 0 0 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 351,067 2,794,640 2,589,829 6,225,964 8,942,684
Cash Balance 0 (1,386,650) (1,932,720) (145,852) (674,291) 351,067 2,794,640 2,589,829 6,225,964 8,942,684 9,290,513
Running Finance 0 1,396,650 1,942,720 155,852 684,291 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cash carried forward - 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 351,067 2,794,640 2,589,829 6,225,964 8,942,684 9,290,513
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Pre-Feasibility Study Layer Farm (10,000Birds)

11.3 Projected Balance Sheet

Const Year Year-1 Year-2 Year-3 Year-4 Year-5 Year-6 Year-7 Year-8 Year-9 Year-10

Current Assets
Cash 0 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 351,067 2,794,640 2,589,829 6,225,964 8,942,684 9,290,513
Equipment Spare Parts Inventory 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Up-Front Insurance payment 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Stocks and Inventory 452,972 452,972 446,592 541,145 466,483 552,142 589,530 550,598 679,870 639,722 637,386
Receivable 0 312,085 376,390 726,693 346,759 652,209 800,870 461,536 1,069,383 844,536 614,304
Pre-paid building rent 273,270 300,597 330,657 363,722 400,095 440,104 484,114 532,526 585,779 644,356 708,792
Total 726,242 1,075,654 1,163,639 1,641,560 1,223,336 1,995,522 4,669,154 4,134,488 8,560,996 11,071,299 11,250,995

Gross Fixed Assets 136,000 136,000 136,000 136,000 136,000 136,000 136,000 136,000 136,000 136,000 136,000
Less: Accumulated depreciation 0 13,600 27,200 40,800 54,400 68,000 81,600 95,200 108,800 122,400 136,000
Net Fixed Assets 136,000 122,400 108,800 95,200 81,600 68,000 54,400 40,800 27,200 13,600 0

Intangible Assets
Pre-operational Expenses - 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total Assets 862,242 1,198,054 1,272,439 1,736,760 1,304,936 2,063,522 4,723,554 4,175,288 8,588,196 11,084,899 11,250,995

Current Liabilities
Running Finance 0 1,396,650 1,942,720 155,852 684,291 0 0 0 0 0 0
Accounts payable 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 0 1,396,650 1,942,720 155,852 684,291 0 0 0 0 0 0

Long-term liabilities
Long-term Loan 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Equity
Paid-up Capital 862,242 862,242 862,242 862,242 862,242 862,242 862,242 862,242 862,242 862,242 862,242
Retained Earnings 0 (1,060,838) (1,532,524) 718,666 (241,598) 1,201,280 3,861,312 3,313,046 7,725,953 10,222,657 10,388,752
Total 862,242 (198,595) (670,282) 1,580,908 620,645 2,063,522 4,723,554 4,175,288 8,588,196 11,084,899 11,250,995

Total Liabilities And Equity 862,242 1,198,054 1,272,439 1,736,760 1,304,936 2,063,522 4,723,554 4,175,288 8,588,196 11,084,899 11,250,995

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12 KEY ASSUMPTIONS

Table 12-1:Production Assumptions

Maximum Capacity Utilization 100%
Number of Birds per Flock 10,000
Number of Flocks per Year 1
Total Mortality Rate 10%
Mortality Rate (Rearing Period) 8%
Mortality Rate (Laying Period) 2%
Total Mortality Loss (Birds) 1000
Total number of Birds Laying Eggs 9,000
Length of Rearing Period (Months) 6
Length of Laying Period (Months) 12
Lag time between the Flock(Weeks) 4

Table 12-2: Economy Related Assumptions

Electricity growth rate 10%
Wage growth rate 5%

Table 12-3: Expense Assumptions

Administrative overhead (%of Sales) 0.5%
Raw material price growth rate 5%
DOC Cost (Day Old Chicks) 25
Weight of Feed Bag(Kg) 50
Feed Cost/Bag 638
Rearing Period Feed Consumption/Bird/Month(Kg) 1.95
Rearing Period Cost of Feed/Bird/Month 24.88
Laying Period Feed Consumption/Bird/Month(Kg) 3.3
Laying Period Cost of Feed/Bird/Month 42.11
Vaccination Cost per Bird 3
Spray Cost per Flock 5,000
Litter Cost per Flock 3,000
Electricity Expense per Month 8,500
Pre-paid building Rent (Months) 12

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Pre-Feasibility Study Layer Farm (10,000 Birds)

Table 12-4: Revenue Assumptions

Number. of eggs laid/Bird/Month (Dozens) 2
Availability of Eggs in Year 1 (Months) 6
Production Capacity in Year 1 (Dozens) 122,708
Eggs selling price (per Dozen) 33
Birds selling price 40
Litter selling price (per Flock) 3,000
Feed Bags selling price (in Rs) 5
Sales price growth rate 10%

Table 12-5: Cashflow Assumptions

Raw Material Inventory (Days) 40
Accounts Receivable Cycle(Days) 30

Table 12-6: Financial Assumptions

Project life (Years) 10
Debt(S.T debt will only be considered in case of Loss) 0%
Equity 100%
Interest rate on long-term debt 14%
Interest rate on short term debt 14%
Debt tenure (Years) 5
Debt payments per year 1
Discount rate (weighted Avg. cost of capital for NPV) 17%
Minimum Cash Balance 10,000

17

PREF-19/April, 2002/ Rev 1