ABOUT THIS PROYECT

The purpose of this proyect is to help the user gain an understanding and appreciation for the culture and history of 7 decades, fro, 1950 to 2011. We have attempted to find areas of special interest and to select information that we hold dear today - movies we watch, songs we sing, events that move us, people we admire.

FIFTIES (50s) DID YOU KNOW BARBIE WAS CREATED IN 1950

American industry expanded to meet peacetime needs. Americans began buying goods not available during the war, which created corporate expansion and jobs. Growth everywhere. The baby boom was underway...

EVENTS AND TECHNOLOGY Important Historic and Cultural Events

1950 - Pres. Harry Truman ( 'til 1952) approves production of the hydrogen bomb and sends air force and navy to Korea in June. 1953 - Fighting ends in Korea. 1954 - Racial segregation is ruled unconstitutional in public schools by the U.S. Supreme Court. 1955 - Rosa Parks refuses to give up her seat on a public bus in Montgomery, Alabama. 1958 - Explorer I, the first U.S. satellite, successfully orbits the earth.

EDUCATION
During the fifties, American education underwent dramatic and, for some, world shattering changes. In 1956, Autherine J.Lucy successfully enrolled in the University of Alabama at Tuscaloosa. In 1957, Elizabeth Eckford was the first black teenager to enter then all-white Little Rock Central High School

FADS & FASHION - these were a few of our favorite

things Fifties clothing was conservative. Men wore gray flannel suits and women wore dresses with pinched in waists and high heels. French fashion designers such as Dior, Chanel and Givenchy were popular and copied in America. girls played with Barbie dolls . . Cars were seen as an indicator of prosperity and cool-ness. Fashion successes were Bill Blass and his blue jeans, poodle skirts made of felt and decorated with sequins and poodle appliques, pony tails for girls, and flat tops and crew cuts for guys. Saddle shoes and blue suede loafers were popular. Teenagers were defined as a separate generation and were represented by James Dean who wore blue jeans in Rebel Without a Cause and created a fashion and attitude sensation.

MUSIC
When the 1950s are mentioned, the first type of music to come to most people's minds is rock 'n roll. Developed from a blend of Southern blues and gospel music , this type of music was popular with teenagers who were trying to break out of the mainstream, conservative, American middle class mold. Popular artists such as Bill Haley, Elvis Presley, and Jerry Lee Lewis were promoted on radio The deaths of Lubbock singer Buddy Holly , Ritchie Valens and the Big Bopper is still lamented by fans. The influence of these early rockers has been felt in popular music worldwide. Music in the fifties was more than just rock 'n roll. Crooners like Nat King Cole, Frank Sinatra, Perry Como and Dinah Shore were all popular.

THE SIXTIES (60s) DID YOU KNOW THAT .. Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin, in Apollo XI, were the first men to walk on the moon in 1969. The musical phenomena of the decade was Woodstock, a three day music festival that drew 400,000 hippies and featured peace, love, and happiness...and LSD

The sixties were the age of youth, as

70 million children from the post-war baby boom became teenagers and young adults. The changes affected education, values, lifestyles, laws, and entertainment. Many of the revolutionary ideas which began in the sixties are continuing to evolve today.

FADS & FASHION

FADS

Youth predominated the culture of the 1960's. California surfers took to skateboards as a way to stay fit out of season, and by 1963,. Barbie dolls, introduced by Mattel in 1959, became a huge success in the sixties, so much so that rival toy manufacturer Hasbro came up with G. I. Joe, 12 inches tall and the first action figure for boys. COSTUMES / FASHION The 1960's began with crew cuts on men and bouffant hairstyles on women. Men's casual shirts were often plaid and buttoned down the front,. By mid-decade, miniskirts or hot pants, often worn with go-go boots, were revealing legs, bodywear was revealing curves, and women's hair was either very short or long and lanky. Men's hair became longer and wider, with beards and moustaches. Bright colors, double-breasted sports jackets, polyester pants suits and turtlenecks were in vogue. Unisex dressing was popular, featuring bell bottomed jeans, love beads, and embellished t-shirts. . Blacks of both genders wore their hair in an afro.

HISTORIC EVENTS AND TECHNOLOGY

The Civil Rights movement made great changes in society in the 1960's. The movement began peacefully, with Martin Luther King and Stokely Carmichael leading sit-ins and peaceful protests, joined by whites, particularly Jews. Malcolm X preached about Black Nationalism. After his assassination, the Black Panthers were formed to continue his mission. Cesar Chavez organized Hispanics in the United Farm Workers Association. The birth control pill became widely available and abortion for cause was legalized in Colorado in 1967. In 1967, both abortion and artificial insemination became legal in some states.

. Respect for authority declined among the youth, and crime rates soared to nine times the rate of the 1950's. Marijuana use soared. Well known Harvard psychologist Timothy Leary encouraged the use of LSD as a mind-opening drug. The hippie movement endorsed drugs, rock music, mystic religions and sexual freedom. They opposed violence. The Woodstock Festival at which 400,000 young people gathered in a spirit of love and sharing, represents the pinnacle of the hippie movement. When Fidel Castro, soon after overtaking Cuba, declared that he was a communist, the United States broke off diplomatic relations. John F. Kennedy was assassinated by Lee Harvey Oswald in 1963. To prevent communist North Vietnam from overtaking South Vietnam, the United States sent military advisors and then soldiers. It was largely a secret war until 1965. College students organized anti-war protests, Malcolm X was assassinated in 1965 and Martin Luther King was assassinated in 1968. The Space Race, begun by the Soviets in 1957, was highlighted by Alan Shepard, the first American in space in 1963, John Glenn was the first American to orbit the earth.

1961. In

MUSIC

In 1960, Elvis returned to the music scene from the US Army, joining the other white male vocalists at the top of the charts; Bobby Darin, Neil Sedaka, Jerry Lee Lewis, Paul Anka, Del Shannon and Frankie Avalon. specializing in black rhythm and blues, aided in the emergence of female groups such as Gladys Knight and the Pips, Martha and the Vandellas, the Supremes, and Aretha Franklin, as well as some black men, including Smoky Robinson, James Brown, Jimi Hendrix, and the Temptations. Bob Dylan helped bring about a folk music revival, along with Joan Baez and Peter, Paul & Mary. The Beach Boys began recording music that appealed to high schoolers. The Beatles, from England, burst into popularity with innovative rock music that appealed to all ages. The Righteous Brothers were a popular white duo who used African American styling to create a distinctive sound.

There was a major change in popular music in the mid-1960's, caused in part by the drug scene. Acid Rock, highly amplified and improvisational, and the more mellow psychedelic rock gained prominence. When the Beatles turned to acid rock, their audience narrowed to the young.. Folk music contributed to the counterculture.

THEATER, FILM, RADIO, and TELEVISION

Six James Bond Movies, including Dr. No, From Russia With Love, and Goldfinger, combined sex and violence and were enormously popular. Previous taboos on sex, violence and language, were ignored, resulting in the need for a new film code by the MPAA. When Chubby Checker introduced the twist on the show in 1961, a new craze was born, and dancing became an individual activity. Each new dance often lasted for just a song or two before the next one came along. Eventually the names and stylized mimicry ceased and the dancers just moved however they wanted. For those who preferred watching the dancers, Go-go girls, on stages or in bird cages, danced above the crowd. Television offered the second prime time cartoon show, the Flintstones , in 1960. appealed to both children and adults and

set off a trend that included Alvin & the Chipmunks , the Jetsons , and Mr. Magoo. THE SEVENTIES (70s)

The chaotic events of the 60's, including

war and social change, seemed destined to continue in the 70's. Major trends included a growing disillusionment of government, advances in civil rights, increased influence of the women's movement, a heightened concern for the environment, and increased space exploration.

EDUCATION
Social movements, particularly the anti-war movement, were highly visible on college and university campuses. The Kent State massacre was the most devastating event, with four students gunned down by Ohio National Guardsmen attempting to stem the anti-war demonstrations. Mandatory busing to achieve racial school integration, particularly in Boston and other Northeastern cities, often led to violence and a disruption of the educational process.

FADS & FASHION

Mood rings, lava lamps, Rubik's cube, Sea Monkeys, smiley face stickers, string art, and pet rocks all captured the imagination of Americans during this decade. The wildest fad surely was streaking nude through very public places! Families vacationed in station wagons and everyone wanted an RV.

The fashion influence of Sixties hippies was mainstreamed in the Seventies, as

men sported shoulder length hair and non-traditional clothing became the rage, including bellbottom pants, hip huggers, colorful patches, hot pants, platform shoes, earth shoes, clogs, T-shirts, and gypsy dresses. Knits and denims were the fabrics of choice. Leisure suits for men became commonplace, and women were fashionable in everything from ankle-length grandmother dresses to hot pants and micro-miniskirts.

TECHNOLOGY

The floppy disc appeared in 1970, and the next year Intel introduced the
microprocessor, the "computer on a chip." Apollo 17, the last manned craft to the moon, brought back 250 samples of rock and soil. Atari produced the first lowpriced integrated circuit TV games, and the videocassette recorder (VCR) changed home entertainment forever. Jumbo jets revolutionized commercial flight, doubling passenger capacity and increasing flight range to 6,000 miles. The neutron bomb, which destroys living beings but leaves buildings intact, was developed. In medicine, The first test tube baby, Louise Brown, was born, developed from an artificially inseminated egg implanted in the mother's womb. Other noteworthy developments of the 1970s included these inventions or innovations: email (1971), first retail barcode scanned (1974), the laser printer (1971), and the first space lab (USA Skylab, 1973). Additionally, the electronic book was invented in 1971,

eventually resulting in Project Gutenberg, the largest collection of online books.

EVENTS AND PEOPLE

The Vietnam War continued to divide the country even after the Paris Peace Accords in January 1973 put an end to U.S. military participation in the war. Roe v. Wade legalized abortion. Women expanded their involvement in politics.

Presidents: Richard M. Nixon (1969-1974), Gerald Ford (19741977), and Jimmy Carter (1977-1981). Houston's U.S. Representative Barbara Jordan gained national prominence with her eloquence during the Watergate investigation and hearings which resulted in impeachment proceedings against Nixon.
Four students killed when National Guardsmen opened fire during anti-war demonstrations at Kent State University in Ohio.

4 May 1970

17 May 1972

Republican agents burglarize Democratic headquarters at the Watergate office complex in Washington, D.C. Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT I) signed by U.S. & Soviets.

29 May 1972

5,6 September 1972

Nineteen killed in terrorist siege at Munich Olympic Games

1975

United Nations declares International Year of the Woman.

19 November 1978.

American religious cult leader Jim Jones and 900 People's Temple followers die in mass suicide in Jonestown, Guyana.

4 November 1979

Iranian militant students seize the U.S. embassy in Tehran capturing 66 hostages and setting off an intense standoff that lasted 444-days.

MUSIC

By the 1970's, the term "rock & roll" had become nearly meaningless. This decade
saw the breakup of the Beatles and the death of Elvis Presley, robbing rock of two major influences. Pop music splintered into a multitude of styles: soft rock, hard rock, country rock, folk rock, punk rock, shock rock - and the dance craze of the decade, disco! But whatever sub-genre(s) you preferred, rock music was big business. Among the top names in popular music were Aerosmith, the Bee Gees, David Bowie, Jackson Browne, Alice Cooper, Eagles, Electric Light Orchestra, Emerson, Lake & Palmer, Fleetwood Mac, Billy Joel, Elton John, Led Zeppelin, John Lennon, Pink Floyd, Bob Seger, Bruce Springsteen, Rod Stewart,Three Dog Night, and The Who. "Easy listening" regained popularity with groups such as the Carpenters, and Bob Marley gained a huge core of fans in the U.S. performing Jamaican reggae music. Even though Michael Jackson was only 12 years old in 1970, his career as a solo performer skyrocketed during this decade

THEATER, FILM, & TELEVISION

The sci-fi adventure and spectacular special effects of George Lucas's Star Wars made it one of the highest grossing films ever. Other memorable movies were the disaster movies, Towering Inferno, Earthquake, Poseidon Adventure, and Airport. more innocent times as evidenced by the popularity of the movies, American Graffiti and Grease, which both presented a romanticized view of the Fifties. Saturday Night Fever with John Travolta fueled the "disco fever" already sweeping the music and dance club scenes;

The EIGHTIES (80s)

The 1980s became the Me! Me!

Me! generation of status seekers. During the 1980s, hostile takeovers, leveraged buyouts, and mega-mergers spawned a new breed of billionaire. Donald Trump, Leona Helmsley, and Ivan Boesky iconed the meteoric rise and fall of the rich and famous. If you've got it, flaunt it and You can have it all! were watchwords. Binge buying and credit became a way of life and 'Shop Til you Drop' was the watchword. Labels were everything, even (or especially) for our children. Video games, aerobics, minivans, camcorders, and talk shows became part of our lives. we lost many, many of our finest talents to AIDS which before the decade ended spread to black and Hispanic women, and unemployment rose.
EVENTS AND TECHNOLOGY

Science and technology made terrific strides in the eighties. Large numbers of Americans began using personal computers in their homes, offices, and schools. Columbia, America's first 1981 Ronald reusable spacecraft was launched in 1981. A sad day in our Reagan history was January 28, 1986, when space shuttle Challenger exploded 74 seconds after liftoff at Cape Canavaral, Florida 1984 Ronald killing all seven astronauts, including school teacher Christa Reagan McAuliffe. Research money allowed for studies and new treatments for heart, cancer, and other diseases. 1989 George Bush Major advances in genetics research led to the 1988 funding of the Human Genome Project. This project will locate the estimated 80,000 genes contained in human DNA. (Try the Timeline)
PRESIDENTS

the Vietnam Veterans Memorial inscribed with 57,939 names of American soldiers killed or missing in Vietnam was dedicated, income climbed more than 20 percent, The sexual revolution encountered a major adversary when Rock Hudson died of AIDS in 1985. Prisons overflowed and violent crime rates which, in 1980, had tripled since 1960, continued to climb with the appearance of crack in 1985. From 1985 to 1990 the use of cocain addiction was up 35 percent, though the number of users had declined.

EDUCATION
A 1980 study by UCLA and American Council on Education indicated that college freshmen were more interested in status, power, and money than at any time during the past 15 years. Business Management was the most popular major.

FADS, FASHION, & LIFESTYLES

Team sports for kids were really popular beginning in the seventies and going through the present. Eighties' mothers ran carpool after work, kids had after school and week end cheerleading, baseball, football, soccer, gym, dance, jazz, you name it!

Nerd's became a hot commodity in the 1980s. Wealthy and brainy computer wizards like Stephen Wozniak helped. . Food of the 80s included the popular fast food places like Taco Bell and McDonald's McDLT and McRib. Kids loved Sweetarts, Skittles, Nerds, Runts, Hubba Bubba Chewing Gum, and Five Alive. Collectibles were big in the 80s. Smurf and E.T. paraphernalia, Cabbage Patch dolls, camcorders, video games (Nintendo, Pac Man, Game Boy), Rubik's Cube, Teenage Mutant Nija Turtles, and Barbies (now Hispanic, Black, Asian) were big. New were discount air fares, lite foods, aerobics, minivans, talkshows, and Valley Girls (grody to the max). The combination of Nancy Reagan's elegance and Princess Di's love of fashion, stimulated a return to opulent clothing styles. Power dressing was in. Madonna was a big influence on young fashion. Anne Klein, Perry Ellis, Donna Karan, and Calvin Klein were designers for the 80s. Film continued to influence and inspire clothing. The Flashdance look had young and old in tank tops, tight-fitting pants or torn jeans, and leg-warmers. Teens not wearing designer clothes opted for Michael Jackson's glove or Madona's fishnet stockings, leather, and chains. The shoe companies, like Nike, claimed the cost of high technologies needed to create the shoes was responsible for the huge jump in price. Kids like to do their own thing - see hairdos in pictures as evidence!

MUSIC & MEDIA

Cable was born and MTV, orginally intended to be promos for albums, had an enormous impact on music and young people. The digital compact disc (cd) revolutionized the music industry. Dances learned on MTV included slam dancing, lambada, and break dancing. Harlem's gay, black, and Latino males imitated the beautiful jet set with their (then underground) Vogueing, a 'pose' dance popularized by Madonna incorporating the struts and stances of high fashion models.
Pop, rock, new wave, punk, country, and especially rap or hip hop became popular in the 80s. Rap was new in the late 80s and 90s. Rap had started in prison 20 years earlier by jailed black inmates who, in the absense of instruments, turned poetic meter into musical rhythm. The early rap heard on ghetto streets was abrasive and laced with hostility toward society. Early important groups are Milli Vanilli, M. C. Hammer , Vanilla Ice, and L.L. Cool J. Michael Jackson's album Thriller became the best selling album of all time. There are great links on the Internet for music of the 80s listed below. Here are a very few favorites from the top hits of the decade:

THEATER, FILM, & TELEVISION

Broadway revivals were important during the 80s. Revival musicals like West Side Story, The Music Man, Anything Goes, Me and My Gal, Brigadoon, Grand Hotel, Gypsy, and The King and I all did well at the box office. Sell-out musicals were ahead for La Cage aux Folles, Sunday in the Park with George, Andrew Lloyd Webber's mega hits Cats, Starlight Express, Les Miserables, and The Phantom of the Opera. Dramas included M. Butterfly, Joe Turner's Come and Gone, and Walk in the Woods. In 1980, the American Ballet Theater turned 40 and Mikhail Baryshnikov became director.

THE NIGHTTIES (90s)

The 1990s was truly the electronic age. We would not have been able to publish thisdecades web site if it weren't for the Internet. The World Wide Web was born in 1992,changing the way we communicate (email), spend our money (online gambling, stores), and do business (e-commerce). In 1989, 15% of American households had a computer. And by 2000, this figure increased to 51%, with 41.5% online. Internet lingo like plug-ins, BTW (by the way), GOK (God only knows), IMHO (in my humble opinion), FAQS, SPAM, FTP, ISP, and phrases like "See you online" or "The server's down" or "Bill Gates" became part of our everyday vocabulary. We signed our mail with a :-) smile, a ;-) wink, or a :-* kiss. And - everyone has a cell phone (even Jason at right!)

EVENTS
In the 1990's the United States played the role of world policeman, sometimes alone but more often in alliances. The decade began with Saddam Hussein's invasion of Kuwait and the resultant Gulf War. By September, 1994, the U.S. was once again sending troops to a foreign country to overthrow a military dictatorship, this time in Haiti. In 1996 American troops were deployed to Bosnia In late March 1999, n air strikes against Yugoslavia in an effort to halt the Yugoslavian government's policy of ethnic cleansing in its province of Kosovo. The decade was to end much as it began with U.S. forces deployed in many countries, and the U.S. playing arbitrator, enforcer, and peace keeper throughout the world.

The 90s have been called the Merger Decade. Violence and sex scandals dominated the media. President Clinton kept the gossip flowing as several women accused him of sexual misconduct. Violence seemed a part of life. 1993 brought terrorism to the American shores as a bomb was detonated in the garage beneath the World Trade Center. That same month of February saw four agents of the U.S. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms killed during an unsuccessful raid on the Branch Davidian cult compound in Waco, Texas led by David Koresh. The shock of the bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City on April 19,1995, was compounded by the revelation that the perpetrators were not foreign terrorists but were U.S. citizens led by a U.S. Army veteran, Timothy McVeigh. In the months between February 1996 and April 1999 there were at least fourteen incidents of school shootings with the most lethal being on April 20, 1999 when 14 students and 1 teacher were killed and 23 wounded at Columbine High School in Littleton, Colorado.

FADS & FASHION

For youth, the fashion of the decade began with Grunge on one hand and preppie on the other. Hip Hop style was popular. Boys' jeans grew bigger and bigger, worn low on the hips, and girls wore bellbottoms and poor boy tops reminiscent of the 70's. Designers included Liz Claiborne, DKNY, and Tommy Hilfinger. Dress down Fridays became commonplace and gradually developed into a more casual work dress code altogether, Khaki pants and polo shirts or denim shirts were the work-place norm. While interest in health and nutrition increased, obesity was at a record high. Fads included Tae-bo, in-line skates, beanie babies, Furby, Tickle Me Elmo, WWJD, Yo-yos, tattoos and body piercing, and the ubiquitous video games.

EDUCATION
The Elementary and Secondary Education Act, (No Child Left Behind) provided assistance to disadvantaged students or pupils with limited proficiency in English and was intended to improve instruction in areas like drug use prevention, math, and science. The BIG change was that students could complete their education without coming on campus, through Distance Education Programs.
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President and Mrs. George Bush ( 1988 - 1992) - Presidential Library, College Station, TX President and Mrs. Bill Clinton (1992-2001) - Presidential Library, Little Rock, AK

Dominating the world of technology were Steve Jobs and Bill Gates. Successful women included Oprah Winfrey and Martha Stewart. Michael Jordon and Tiger Woods were heroes for all young athletes.

MUSIC
There were more music choices available than ever, although radio stations tended to find a niche and stick to it rather than playing a mix. Latino music grew in popularity. Country became more mainstream, and Grunge and Gansta appeared. R&B and hip-hop remained popular, as did movie soundtracks. Mariah Carey and Boyz II Men led the charts with "One Sweet Day." Selena was the top Latin singer until her untimely death in 1995. Other popular artists included Hootie & the Blowfish, Alanis Morisette, Janet Jackson, Garth Brooks, Celine Dion and

Madonna. The Spice Girls were a group created by the music industry for their diversity and sex appeal.

THE TWO THOUSANDs 2000 2001 April 8, 2001 - Tiger Woods becomes the first golfer to hold all four major golf titles simulteneously by winning the Master's tournament in Augusta, Georgia. This followed a remarkable run in 2000 when Woods claimed victory at the final three majors of that season; the U.S. Open, the British Open, and the PGA Championship. September 11, 2001 - Islamic fundamentalist terrorists hijack four U.S. airliners and crash them into the Pentagon and the World Trade Center in New York City. The attack of two planes levels the World Trade Center and the crash of one plane inflicts serious damage to the Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia, causing nearly 3,000 deaths. The fourth plane is heroically crashed by passengers into a Shanksville, Pennsylvania cornfield when they learn of the plot, preventing destruction of another structure in Washington, D.C., supposed to be the White House or the Capitol building. The plot is attributed to the AlQaeda organization led by Osama Bin Laden. September 18, 2001 - Anthrax attacks by mail from Princeton, New Jersey against news and government targets begin. Federal officials announce the first case on October 4. 2004

December 26, 2004 - The southeast Asian tsunami occurs following a 9.3 Richter scale earthquake in the Indian Ocean. Two hundred and ninety thousand people die from Sri Lanka to Indonesia, creating one ot the greatest humanitarian tragedies in history. A worldwide relief effort, led by the United States and many other nations, is mobilized to assist. 2005
August 29, 2005 - Hurricane Katrina strikes the Gulf Coast, inundating the city of New Orleans with water from Lake Pontchetrain when the levees that maintain the below sea level city break. Over one thousand three hundred people perish from Alabama to Louisiana in one of the worst natural disasters to strike the United States. (Picture Below: Damage across the Gulf Coast of the United States after Hurricane Katrina.)

2009 January 20, 2009 - Barack Obama takes the oath of office for President of the United States, becoming the first African-American president in the history of the nation. The Democratic Senator from Illinois comes into the office on a message of Change. The city of Washington, D.C. hosts more than one million visitors to the inauguration, covering the National Mall in a way reminiscent of the Civil Rights March of Martin Luther King fortysix years earlier.

Youth fashion
Youth fashion was strongly influenced by many music-based subcultures such as Emo, Indie kids, scene kids,[32] Psychobilly, Preppy, Skater, Goth, Nu-Metal (known as Moshers in the UK)[33], ravers and Hip-Hop[34], including the British chav, US gangsta rapper and Mexican Cholo styles of the early 2000s.[35] The most conspicuous of these subcultures, the "scene kids",[36][37] originated in Britain during the late-1990s when some members of the chav subculture began to experiment with alternative fashion[38], incorporated elements of indie pop, emo,[39] rave music, and Japanese glam rock style, and spread to America and Australia in the mid-2000s.[40] The style, originally comprising tripp pants, stripes, tartan, spiky hair, Chucks, Vans, and trucker hats derived from grunge and skate punk fashion, evolved to incorporate androgynous, brightly dyed big hair, skinny jeans,[41] cartoon print hoodies, shutter shades, promise rings[42], checked shirts, and lots of bright colors.[43] The name was originally derived from "scene queen", a derogatory term within the 1970s glam rock scene for a heterosexual musician who pretended to be gay and later applied to poseurs within the UK goth, heavy metal and punk subcultures.[44]

Hairstyles
In the early 2000s, womens hair was long and straight. Side-swept bangs become popular towards the mid-2000's. Towards the late 2000's, textured hair with volume, natural wavy hair, side-parted hair and shorter styles like the bob cut and pixie cut made a comeback. For black women cornrows, dreadlocks, a tamed-down version of the Afro and Jheri curl were popular in the late 2000s, replacing the earlier straightened hair.For men over 25, short hair has been the norm since the mid 1990s. In the early 2000s, this usually took the form of a quiff although collar-length centrally parted curtained hair (as worn by Tom Cruise) was also briefly popular in the US and remains so in Japan. Other popular haircuts include spiky hair, buzzcut, flat top and fauxhawk. In the late 2000s beards, moustaches, stubble and the goatee became popular in reaction to the effeminate metrosexual look, with charitable events like Movember further increasing their acceptability.[45]For teenagers, short hair like

the buzzcut and Caesar cut were popular in the early 2000s. In the mid 2000s, longer hair became popular, including the wings (haircut) inspired by surfers and British indie pop stars.[46] In the late 2000s the androgynous Harajuku inspired scene hairstyles (often dyed bright colors) and eyeliner were popular among girls and boys alike.[47] As an alternative to the scene hairstyles, teenage girls opted for a preppy hairstyle that involved long, straight hair, side-swept bangs and a side part, while boys wore side-swept surfer hair.