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2. 2.1

GSM Overview of wireless communication systems

1. The range of Bluetooth application :(a)Long range, (b) Medium range, (c) Short range, (d) None of above 2. MMS stands for :(a)Multimedia Messaging Service, (b) Multiple Messaging Service (c) Multimedia Mobile Service (d) None of above 3. Sectoring is used in CDMA GSM FDMA

(a) (b) (c) None of above

94 To activate SIM how many volts are required (a) +10 (b) +8 (c) +5 (d) +3
143. Radio wave and microwave frequencies range from _______. a. 3 to 300 KHz b. 300 KHz to 3 GHz c. 3 KHz to 300 GHz d. 3 KHz to 3000 GHz The correct answer is c

313. _______ is a first-generation cellular phone system. a. GSM b. IS-95 c. AMPS d. D-AMPS The correct answer is c 314. AMPS uses _______ for modulation. a. FM b. FSK c. PM d. (a) and (b) The correct answer is d 315. _______ separates the AMPS voice channels. a. CDMA

b. TDMA c. FDMA d. (b) and (c) The correct answer is c 316. _______ is a cellular telephone system popular in Europe. a. GSM b. D-AMPS c. IS-95 d. AMPS The correct answer is a 317. D-AMPS uses _______ for multiplexing. a. CDMA b. TDMA c. FDMA d. (b) and (c) The correct answer is d 318. GSM uses _______ for multiplexing. a. CDMA b. TDMA c. FDMA d. (b) and (c) The correct answer is d

2.2

Standard for wireless communication systems

Europe - Cordless systems CT-1, GSM, UPT, IMT-2000, UMTS - North American Standards - TDMA Based digital cellular system IS 54 AMPS, CDMA Based digital cellular system IS 95 - Japanese standards PDC, PHS - Narrowband channelized systems - Wideband systems DSSS, FHSS

2.3

Access technologies (FDMA, TDMA & CDMA)

2.3

Cellular communications fundamentals

Cellular systems, cell splitting, cellular system architecture, classification of cells in GSM Network, Sectorization, cluster, frequency reuse, location area, MSC/VLR Service area, PLMN Service area, GSM Service area, frequency reuse distance, co channel interference, adjacent channel interference, wireless generations, GSM Frequency bands, frequency concept (ARFCN, Wavelength, bandwidth, channels, duplex distance, carrier separation, GSM PLMN) 2.4 GSM system network architecture

Mobile station (mobile equipment, subscriber identity module), Base station system (BTS, BSC & Transcoder XCDR), Network Switching System (MSC, GMSC, HLR, VLR (data stored mobile status busy/free/no answer), LAI, TMSI, MSRN), EIR, AUC, IWF, Echo canceller (EC), Operations and Maintenance Center (OMC-R, OMC-S), Network management centre NMC, Interface names, Authentication process, handover, Roaming.

2.5

Channels in GSM (red book)

2.6

GSM Services

- Basic services (Tele service speech, SMS, and fax: Bearer services traffic to PSTN, ISDN) - Supplementary services call forwarding, barring of outgoing/incoming calls, call waiting)

2.7

Timing advance, battery life and Multi path fading in GSM

- Timing advance SACCH, maximum cell radius of approximately 35 KM - Battery life, four features which enables the life of a GSM MS battery to be extended a) Power control initially, power setting for the MS is set by the information provided on BCCH b) Voice activity detection (VAD) VAD implementation is effected in speech mode by encoding the speech pattern silences at a rate of 500 bit/s rather than the full 13 kbit/sec c) Discontinuous transmission (DTX) - is a technique that reduces emissions from the MS by only transmitting when information is to be sent. d) Discontinuous reception (DRX) allows the MS to effectively switch off during times when reception is deemed unnecessary. - Multi path fading GSM offers five techniques, which combat multipath fading effects (equalization, diversity, frequency hopping, interleaving and channel coding)

2.8

GSM Transmission process - morning

a) Analog to digital (A/D) conversion b) Segmentation and speech coding c) Channel coding d) Interleaving e) Ciphering/Encryption f) Burst formatting g) Modulation and transmission

2.9

GSM Traffic cases

Network identities are numbers that a GSM network uses to locate a mobile subscriber when it is establishing a call to that subscriber. As the network relies on these identities to route calls to subscribers, it is important that each identity is unique and correct. a) Subscriber related identities i. ii. iii. Mobile Station ISDN Number (MSISDN) International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity (TMSI)

b) Equipment related identities

i. ii.

International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) International Mobile Equipment Identity and Software Version Number (IMEISV)

c) Located related identities i.

Mobile Station Roaming Number (MSRN) Local Area Identity (LAI) Cell Global Identity (CGI) Base Station Identity Code (BSIC)

iii. iv.

v. vi.

Location Number (LN) Regional Subscription Zone Identity (RSZI)

d) Subscriber Identity Confidentiality Procedure

Different states of an MS, idle the MS is ON, but a call is not in progress, active the MS is ON and a call is in progress, Detached the MS is OFF. Note: in idle mode, it is the MS which decides which cell to move into. In active mode, the network makes this decision.

e) Attaching to the network i. ii. IMSI Attach IMSI Detach

123. The full form of MIN is (a) Mobile Identification Number (b) Mobile Identity Number (c) Maximum Identity Number (d) None of these 148. A roaming mobile handset is connected to (a) VLR, (b) HLR, (c) NSS, (d) None of these

2.10

Speech coding

2.11

Call flow in GSM a) Call from Mobile Station to land line

b) c) d)

Call from PSTN to MS Handover between cells controlled by the same BSC Handover between cells controlled by different BSCs but the same MSC/VLR

2.12

Short Message Service (sms)

2.13

Protocols in GSM on different interfaces

3. What is the full form of WAP:(a)Wireless Application Protocol, (b)Wireband Application Protocol, (c)Wireless Application Public, (d) None of above

2.14 Middle

Traffic engineering

326. _______ is a second-generation cellular phone system. a. D-AMPS b. GSM c. IS-95 d. All the above The correct answer is d 633. A cipher is _______. a. An encryption algorithm b. A decryption algorithm c. A private key d. (a) or (b) The correct answer is d 634. Before a message is encrypted, it is called _______. a. Ciphertext b. Cryptotext c. Cryptonite d. Plaintext The correct answer is d

3. 3.1

CDMA Introduction to CDMA

319. DSSS is used by the _______ cellular phone system. a. AMPS b. IS-95 c. D-AMPS d. GSM

The correct answer is b 320. _______ base stations use GPS for synchronization. a. GSM b. IS-95 c. AMPS d. D-AMPS The correct answer is b 322. IS-95 has a frequency reuse factor of _______. a. 7 b. 95 c. 1 d. 5 The correct answer is c

3.2

Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum and Spreading Codes

3.3

Diversity technique (rake receiver)

3.4

Codes in CDMA

- Classification of PN Codes (two types PN Long code, PN Short code) - Orthogonal codes, two codes are said to be orthogonal, if the product (Ex-or) of the two codes produces equal number of 1s and 0s. Walsh codes are examples of orthogonal codes
147. P-N sequence is the (a) Time, (b) Code, (c) Frequency, (d) None of these . of CDMA.

3.5

IS-95 CDMA System architecture

3.6

IS-95 CDMA Air interface

- TIA IS-95 CDMA system - Forward link - Reverse link

3.7

Physical and logical channels of IS-95 CDMA

- Physical channels - Modulation - Bit repetition - Block interleaving - Channel coding - Logical channels (downlink and uplink)

3.8 3.9

CDMA Handoffs power control in CDMA pg 95

3.10

CDMA Call processing