Elliptical Constructions A. Ellipsis with and..too or and so. Observe the following sentences: 1. My mother is a housewife.

His mother is a housewife. a. My mother is a housewife, and his mother is too. b. My mother is a housewife, and so is his mother. 2. My father loves durian. My mother loves durian. a. My father loves durian, and my mother does, too. b. My father loves durian, and so does my mother. 3. Andi passed the examination. Fina passed the examination. a. Andi passed the examination, and Fina did, too. b. Andi passed the examination, and so did Fina.

Exercise 1: Join the following pairs of sentences using and..too and and so... 1. The front door is locked. The back door is locked. 2. Well attend the meeting. Theyll attend the meeting. 3. The money was stolen. The jewellery was stolen. 4. Mia has read the book. Her friends have read the book. 5. His parents work hard to support the family. My parents work hard to support the family. 6. My brother could lift the box. My father could lift the box. 7. They knew the answer quite well. I knew the answer quite well. 8. I tried to persuade her to come. Her friends tried to persuade her to come. 9. The mangoes she bought were spoilt. The apples she bought were spoilt.

10. The umbrella belongs to her. The purse belongs to her.

B. Ellipsis with and..either or and neither. Observe the following sentences: 1. My father is not a civil servant. My mother is not a civil servant. a. My father is not a civil servant, and my mother is not either. b. My father is not a civil servant, and neither is my mother. 2. My sister cannot sing well. My cousin cannot sing well. a. My sister cannot sing well, and my cousin cannot either. b. My sister cannot sing well, and neither can my cousin. 3. I havent finished my homework. She hasnt finished her homework. a. I havent finished my homework, and she hasnt either. b. I havent finished my homework, and neither has she.

Exercise 2: Combine the following sentences using either and neither. 1. I have never met her before. My sister has never met her before. 2. My father is not at home. My mother is not at home. 3. She will not be moving out after all. He will not be moving out after all. 4. I do not trust him anymore. My sister does not trust him anymore. 5. He did not break the vase. I did not break the vase. 6. Cindi has not graduated. Dewi has not graduated. 7. My father does not have enough money to buy a new car. His father does not have enough money to buy a new car. 8. My friends were not interested to watch the movie. I was not interested to watch the

movie. 9. I did not enjoy the party. The others did not enjoy the party. 10. You have not paid the rent. Your friend has not paid the rent.

C. Ellipsis with others, such as Bothand. Not onlybut also. Either..or Neither..nor ..but

Examples: 1. I study English. I study Japanese. I study both English and Japanese. 2. The maid sweeps the floor. She washes the clothes. The maid not only sweeps the floor but also washes the clothes. 3. You must help your father or your brother must help your father. Either you or your brother must help your father. 4. Nina did not pass the exam. Anton did not pass the exam. Neither Nina nor Anton passed the exam. 5. I didnt have breakfast this morning. My sister had breakfast this morning. I didnt have breakfast this morning but my sister did.

Exercise 3: Choose the correct answer by crossing either A, B, C, D or E.

1. My uncle doesnt smoke, a. and father doesnt too b. neither doesnt mother c. and mother does too 2. No bookstores are open today. a. The grocery stores arent either b. The grocery stores are too c. Neither do the grocery stores 3. He doesnt speak Chinese, and .. a. neither am I b . neither do I c. I do either d. I do neither e. either do I d. Nor do the grocery stores e. The grocery stores dont either d. but father does e. and so does father

4. Everybody laughed at his jokes, . a. but the teacher not b. and also the teacher c. and so the teacher did 5. Because of the rain, the teacher couldnt come on time and . a. I neither couldnt b. neither did I c. I couldnt either 6. Andy agreed that everybody had to pay Rp 500,000,- for the study tour to Bali. a. neither was I b. but I am not c. so am I 7. A B : I dont think your cousin knows anything about computers. : But he . He took a computer course last year. d. while I didnt e. I didnt either d. also I could not e. so did I d. and neither did the teacher e. but the teacher did not

a. knows

b. does

c. know

d. do

e. is

8. I dont like bright colours. . a. So dont I b. I dont so 9. X Y c. Neither dont I d. I dont either e. I dont also

: My brother has just bought a new motorcycle. : What a coincidence! . d. My brother does too. e. My brother also did

a. My brother has too. b. Also my brother c. So does my brother

10. I think that my mother will be interested in reading this novel, but.. a. so will my father b. my father wont c. my father will be o000o Enrichment materials c. my father is d. so does my father

ELLIPTICAL CONSTRUCTION 1. . AND + + SO S + + AUXILIARY / BE + AUXILIARY /BE + S TOO

. AND Example: a. b.

She reads a book. I read a book

She reads a book and I do too She reads a book and so do I

2.

. AND +

+ NEITHER

S +

AUXILIARY / BE + AUXILIARY /BE + S

NOT EITHER

. AND Example: a. b.

She does not read a book. I do not read a book

She does not read a book and I do not either She does not read a book and neither do I

3.

BUT / WHEREAS / WHILE

It is used to correlate two opposite sentences Example: a. b. She does not read a book. I read a book

She does not read a book but/whereas/while I do

4.

BOTH AND (keduanya)

Example: a. b. She reads a book I read a book

Both she and I read a book

5.

EITHER .OR ..(baik maupun .. / salah satu dari)

Example: Jack forgot what he read, it was either newspaper or book

6.

NEITHER .NOR.. (baik maupun ..tidak / salah satu dari)

Example: a. b. She does not read a book He does not read a book

Neither she nor he reads a book 7. a. b. NOT ONLY .. BUT ALSO (bukan hanya. tapi juga) She reads a book They read a book

Not only she but aslo they read the book.

8.

AND (dan)

Example: a. b. She reads a book He reads a book

She and he read a book 9. OR (atau)

Example: a. b. She can read a book She can read a newspaper

She can read a book or newspape