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Modul IP Address

The document discusses TCP/IP and IP addressing, explaining the OSI 7-layer model and how MAC addresses are used for layer 2 addressing while IP addresses are used for layer 3 addressing, providing examples of IP subnetting and how to assign IP addresses and check connectivity using ping.

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Andi Ruswendi
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885 views13 pages

Modul IP Address

The document discusses TCP/IP and IP addressing, explaining the OSI 7-layer model and how MAC addresses are used for layer 2 addressing while IP addresses are used for layer 3 addressing, providing examples of IP subnetting and how to assign IP addresses and check connectivity using ping.

Uploaded by

Andi Ruswendi
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TCP/IP & IP Address

Divisi Training
PT UFOAKSES SUKSES LUARBIASA
Jakarta
nux@ufoakses.co.id
OSI Standard Protocol
• Open System Interconnection (OSI) standard 
was originally used when creating network 
protocols (TCP/IP, IPX, etc.)
• The OSI standard uses a 7­layer network model 
to describe network addressing, data analysis, 
and network hardware capabilities
• Benefits of using a layered model are:
– Each layer of the OSI model is responsible for specific 
tasks
– Various technologies can inter­operate in a 
standardized way
OSI 7­Layer Model
• 7) Application layer
• 6) Presentation layer
• 5) Session layer
• 4) Transport layer
• 3) Network layer
• 2) Data link layer
• 1) Physical layer
OSI Media Layers
MAC Addresses
• MAC Addresses (Media Access Control) 
are unique addresses assigned to NICs
– First part of the MAC address is assigned to 
the manufacturer of the hardware;
– The rest of the address is determined by the 
manufacturer;
– Devices, that are not manageable (e.g., HUBs 
and some switches) do not have MAC 
addresses
• Example: 00:0C:42:04:9F:AE
MAC Addresses (part 2)
• MAC addresses are used for addressing in 
the Data Link Layer (Layer 2) of the OSI 
network model (This means all 
communications in one LAN segment use 
MAC addresses)
• MAC addresses are not used to group 
hosts on the network together
• Analogy: MAC address is like person’s 
social security number
IP Addresses
• IP addresses are used for logical addressing in 
the Network Layer (Layer 3) of the OSI network 
model.
• IP addresses
– are 32 bits long (used to be globally unique)
– are referenced by humans via dotted decimal 
notation, one number per 8 bits (1 octet or byte), e.g., 
159.148.147.1
• Analogy: IP address is like a person’s mailing 
address.
IP Netmask
• IP netmask (with the IP address), defines which 
IP addresses are reachable directly
• There are 3 types of netmask notation
– Byte notation
– Binary notation
– Bit notation
• Examples:
– (byte) 255.255.224.0 = (binary) 
11111111.11111111.11100000.00000000 = (bit) /19
– (byte) 255.255.255.0 = (binary) 
11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 = (bit) /24
– (byte) 255.255.255.248 = (binary) 
11111111.11111111.11111111.11111000 = (bit) /29
IP Networks: Example
• IP address/netmask: 192.168.3.14/24
IP value (binary): 
11000000.10101000.00000011.00001110
Netmask(binary): 
11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000
Network (binary): 
11000000.10101000.00000011.00000000
Network address: 192.168.3.0/24
Last = Broadcast address: 192.168.3.255
Usable IP address: 192.168.3.1 ­192.168.3.254
Subnetting Examples
• Network address/mask 192.168.1.0/24
– host addresses 192.168.1.1­254
– broadcast address 192.168.1.255
• Sub­Network address/mask 
192.168.1.0/25
– host addresses 192.168.1.1­126
– broadcast address 192.168.1.127
– Sub­Network address/mask 192.168.1.128/25
– host addresses 192.168.1.129­254
Address Quiz
• Given IP address/netmask: 192.168.23.37/28
• Calculate:
• Network 
address_______________________
• Number of usable IP addresses ________
• Broadcast 
address_______________________
Assigning an IP Address
IP Address Lab
• Add the IP address 192.168.X.254/24 to 
the router's ether1 interface
• Add the IP address 192.168.X.1/24 to your 
laptop's Ethernet interface
• Check the network using the “ping” 
command
• From laptop: Start ­> Run ­> ping 
192.168.x.254 ­t

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