Subject Name: Kinematics of Machinery

KINGS
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING QUESTION BANK

Subject code/Name: Kinematics of Machinery

UNIT- I (Basics of Mechanism) PART-A (2 Marks) 1. Define resistant body. 2. Define Link or Element 3. Differentiate Machine and Structure 4. Define Kinematic Pair. 5. Define Kinematic Chain. 6. What are the types of joints? 7. Define Degrees of Freedom (Mobility). 8. Write down the Kutzbach criterion for plane mechanism. 9. What is meant by spatial mechanism? 10. Differentiate Machine and Mechanism. 11. Define Inversion of Mechanism 12. Define Grashofs Law. 13. Define Pantograph. 14. What is Elliptical Trammel? 15. Define Transmission Angle and Mechanical Advantage 16. What is a straight line Mechanism?. PART-B (16 Marks) 1. a) Explain different types of Link. (8) b) Classify and explain the Kinematic pair. (8) 2. a) Explain any two inversion of four bar chain. (8) b) Explain the first inversion of Single Slider Crank Chain. (8) 3. a) Explain first inversion of Double Slider crank chain. (8) b) Explain third inversion of double slider crank chain. (8) 4. a) Explain the offset slider crank mechanism. (8)

Year/Sem: II/IV

Kings College of Engineering

Subject Name: Kinematics of Machinery

b) What do you understand by a copied straight line and generated straight line mechanism? (8) 5. With the help of a neat sketch explain the working of Oldhams coupling. 6. With the help of a neat sketch explain the working of Whitworth quick return mechanism.. 7. With the help of a neat sketch explain the working of Single slider and double slider crank chain mechanism. UNIT II (Kinematics) PART-A (2 Marks) 1. What are the types of motion? 2. What is configuration diagram or space diagram? 3. Define Coincident points 4. Define Coriolis Component 5. Write down the expression for Coriolis component of acceleration defining each of terms in the expression. 6. What are the types of instantaneous Centres? 7. Define Kennedys theorem. 8. Define rubbing velocity at a pin joint. 9. What are the various methods used for finding out velocity of mechanism? 10. Define Instantaneous centre.. 11. Define Angular Velocity ratio theorem. PART-B (16 Marks) 1. The Crank of a slider crank mechanisms rotates clockwise at a Constant speed of 300 r.p.m. The crank is 150 mm and connecting rod is 600 mm long. Determine 1. Linear velocity and acceleration of the mid Point of the connecting rod, and 2. Angular velocity and angular acceleration of the connecting rod, at a crank angle of 45 from inner dead centre position. 2. In a four link mechanism, the dimensions of the links are AB=50mm, BC=66mm, CD=56 mm and AD=100mm. At the instant when DAB=60, the link AB has angular velocity of 10.5 rad/s in the anticlockwise direction. Determine (i) The velocity of point C, (ii) The velocity of point E on the link BC When BE =40 mm (iii) the angular velocities of links BC and CD, (iv) the velocity of an offset point F on the link Bc if BF=45mm, CF=30 mm and BCF is read clockwise. (v) The velocities of rubbing at pins A, B, C and D. The radii of the pins are 30, 40, 25 and 35 mm respectively. 3. The dimensions of the various links of a mechanism, as shown in fig. are as follows: OA=80 mm; AC=CB==CD=120 mm. if the crank OA rotates at 150 r.p.m. in the anticlockwise direction, find, for given configuration: (1) Velocity and acceleration of B and D, (2) Rubbing velocity on the pin at C, if its diameter is 20 mm; and (3) Angular acceleration of the inks AB and CD.

Kings College of Engineering

Subject Name: Kinematics of Machinery

4. In a quick return mechanism, as shown fig, the driving crank OA is 60 mm long and rotates at a uniform speed of 200 r.p.m in a clockwise direction. For the position shown Find (1) Velocity of the ram R, (2) acceleration of the ram R; and (3) acceleration of the sliding block A along the slotted bar CD.

5. In a slider crank mechanism, the length of the crank and the connecting rod are 150 mm and 600 mm respectively./ The crank [position is 60 from IDC, the crank shaft speed is 450 r.p.m. clockwise. Using analytical method Determine (1) Velocity and acceleration of the slider, and (2) Angular velocity and angular acceleration of the connecting rod. 6. Locate all instantaneous centers of the slider crank mechanism; the length of crank OB and connecting rod AB are 125 mm and 500 mm respectively. The crank speed is 600 rpm clockwise. When the crank has turned 45 from the IDC. Determine (i) velocity of slider A (ii)Angular velocity of connecting rod AB. UNIT III (Kinematics of Cam) PART-A (2 Marks) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. What is a cam? Give some examples for cams. Define tangent cam. Distinguish radial and cylindrical cams. What are the different motions of the follower?

Kings College of Engineering

Subject Name: Kinematics of Machinery

6. Define trace point in the study of cams. 7. Define pressure angle with respect to cams. 8. Where are the roller follower extensively used? 9. Define dwell period. 10. Explain offset follower.. PART-B (16 Marks) 1. A cam is to give the following motion to a knife edged follower: (a) Outstroke during 60 of cam rotation (b) Dwell for the next 30 of cam rotation (c) Return stroke during next 60 of cam rotation and (d) Dwell for the remaining 210 of cam rotation The stroke of the follower is 40 mm and the minimum radius of the cam is 50 mm. The follower moves with uniform velocity during both the outstroke and return strokes. Draw the profile of the cam when (a) the axis of the follower passes through the axis of the cam shaft, and (b) the axis of the follower is offset by 20 mm from the axis of the cam shaft. 2. Draw the profile of a cam operating a Knife-edged follower from the following data: (a) Follower to move outward through 40 mm during 60 of a cam rotation; (b) Follower to dwell for the next 45 (c) Follower to return its original position during next 90 (d)Follower to dwell for the rest of cam rotation. The displacement of the follower is to take place with simple harmonic motion during both the outward and return strokes. The least radius of the cam is 50mm. If the cam rotates at 300 r.p.m.,Determine the maximum velocity and acceleration of the follower during the outward stroke and return stroke. 3. A cam, with a minimum radius of 50 mm, rotating clockwise at a uniform speed, is required to giver a knife-edged follower the motion as described below: (a) To move outwards through 40 mm during 100 rotation of the cam; (b) to dwell for next 80 (c) To return to its starting position during next 90 and (d) To dwell for the rest period of revolution. Draw the profile of the cam (i) When the line of stroke of the follower passes through the centre of the cam shaft and (ii) When the line of stroke of the follower is to take place with Uniform acceleration and uniform retardation. Determine the maximum velocity and acceleration of the follower when the cam shaft rotates at 900 r.p.m. 4. Draw the profile of a cam operating a roller reciprocating follower and with the following data: Minimum radius of cam =25 mm; lift=30mm; Roller diameter= 15mm. The cam lifts the follower for 120 with SHM, followed by a dwell period of 30. Then the follower lowers down during 150 of cam rotation with uniform acceleration and retardation followed by a dwell period. If the cam rotates at a uniform speed of 150 RPM. Calculate the maximum velocity and acceleration of follower during the descent period.

Kings College of Engineering

Subject Name: Kinematics of Machinery

5. It is required to set out the profile of a cam to give the following motion to the reciprocating follower with a flat mushroom contact surface: (i) Follower to have a stroke of 20 mm during 120 of cam rotation, (ii) Follower to dwell for 30 of cam rotation, (iii) Follower to return to its initial position during 120 of cam rotation, (iv) Follower to dwell for remaining 90 of cam rotation. The minimum radius of the cam is 25 mm. The out stroke of the follower is performed with SHM and return stroke with equal uniform acceleration and retardation. 6. A tangent cam to drive a roller follower through a total lift of 12.5 mm for a cam rotation of 75. The cam speed is 600 rpm . The distance between cam centre and follower centre at full lift is 45 mm and the roller is 20 mm in diameter. Find the cam proportions and plot displacement, velocity and acceleration for one full cycle. UNIT-IV (Gears) PART-A (2 Marks) 1. What is an angle of obliquity in gears? 2. What is bevel gearing? 3. State law of Gearing. 4. Define normal and axial pitch in helical gears. 5. Write down the difference between involute and cycloidal tooth profile. 6. What are the methods to avoid interference? 7. What is the condition and expression for maximum efficiency in spiral gears? 8. Define contact ratio. 9. What do you know about tumbler gear? 10. Define cycloidal tooth profile and involute tooth profile. 11. Define circular pitch and diametral pitch in spur gear 12. Define Backlash. 13. What is gear train? 14. What are the types of gear train?. 15. What is reverted gear train? 16. In watch mechanism, what type of gear train is used? 17. How epicyclic gear train differs from the other type of gear trains?. 18. State methods to find the velocity ratio of epicyclic gear train.. 19. Where the epicyclic gear trains are used? 20. What are the externally applied torques used to keep the gear train in equilibrium? PART-B (16 Marks) 1. a) Two 20 involute spur gears mesh externally and give a velocity ratio of 3. Module is 3 mm and the addendum is equal to 1.1 module. If the pinion rotates at 120 rpm, determine (i) the minimum number of teeth on each wheel to avoid interference, and (ii) the number of pairs of teeth in contact. (8) b) Following data related to two meshing involute gears: Number of teeth on the gear wheel=60; pressure angle=20; Gear ratio=1.5; speed of the gear wheel=100 rpm; module=8 mm. The addendum on each wheel is such that the path of

Kings College of Engineering

Subject Name: Kinematics of Machinery

approach and the path of recess on each side are 40% of maximum possible length each. Determine the addendum for the pinion and the gear and the length of the arc of contact. (8) 2. a) Two 20 involute spur gears have a module of 10 mm. The addendum is one module. The larger gear has 50 teeth and pinion 13 teeth. Does the interference occur? If it occurs, to what value should the pressure angle be changed to eliminate interference? (8) b) Two gears in mesh have a module of 8 mm and a pressure angle of 20. The larger gear has 57 while the pinion has 23 teeth. If the addenda on pinion and gear wheel are equal to one module, find (i) the number of pairs of teeth in contact (ii) the ratio of the sliding to rolling velocity at (a) the beginning of contact (b) the pitch point, (iii) the end of contact. (8) 3. In an epicyclic gear train the internal wheels A and B and compound wheels C and D rotate independently about axis O. The wheels E and F rotate on pins fixed to the arm G. E gears with A and C . Wheel F gear with B and D. All the wheels have the same module and the number of teeth are: TC =28 TD=26; TE = TF=18. (1) Sketch the arrangement, (2) Find the number of teeth on A and B, (3)If the arm G makes 100 rpm clockwise and A is fixed, find the speed of B , and (4) If the arm G makes 100 rpm clockwise and wheel A makes 10 rpm counter clockwise; Find the speed of wheel B. 4. Two gear wheels mesh externally and are to give a velocity ratio of 3 to 1. The teeth are of involute form; module=6mm, addendum=one module, pressure angle= 20. The pinion rotates at 90 rpm. Determine (1) the number of teeth on the pinion to avoid interference on it and the corresponding number of teeth on the wheel, (2) The length of path and arc of contact, (3) the number of pairs of teeth in contact, and (4) the maximum velocity of sliding. 5.An epicyclic gear train consist of a sun wheel S, a stationary internal gears E and three identical planet wheels p carried on a star shaped planet carrier C. The size of the different toothed wheels are such that the planet carrier C rotates 1/5 th of the speed of the sun wheel S. The Minimum number of teeth on any wheel is 16. The driving torque on the sun wheel is 100 N-m. Determine (1) Number of teeth on different Wheels of the train and (2) Torque necessary to keep the internal gear Stationary. 6. The following data relate to a pair of 20 invoute gear in module=6 mm, Number of teeth on pinion=17, Number of teeth on gear=49; Addenda on pinion and gear wheel=1 module. Find (1) the number of Pairs of teeth in contact (2) the angle turned through by the pinion and gear wheel when one pair of teeth is in contact, and (3) The ratio of sliding to rolling motion when the tip of a tooth on the large wheel (a) just making contact (b) Just leaving contact with its mating tooth, and (c) at the pitch point.

Kings College of Engineering

Subject Name: Kinematics of Machinery

UNIT-V (Friction) PART-A (2 Marks) 1. De fine dry, greasy and fluid friction. 2. What is meant by slope of a thread? 3. Differentiate between angle of repose and limiting angle of friction. 4. What are effects of limiting angle of friction? 5. Define Coefficient of friction. 6. State laws of solid friction. 7. What is the efficiency of inclined plane? 8. Why self locking screws have lesser efficiency? 9. What are the functions of clutches? 10. What is the difference between cone clutch and centrifugal clutch? 11. Define velocity ratio. 12. What is meant by angle of contact? 13. Compare slip and creep. 14. Define the term tractive resistance. 15. Define efficiency of an inclined plane. 16. Write an expression for the ratio of tension between the tight and slack sides of a band and block brake. PART-B (16 Marks) 1. a) For a flat belt, prove that T1/T2=e Where T1 and T2= Tension in the tight and slack sides of the belt, = Angle of contact between the belt and the pulley, and = Coefficient of friction between the belt and the pulley. (8) b) A flat belt is required to transmit 35 KW from a pulley of 1.5 m effective diameter running at 300 rpm. The angle of lab is 165 and =0.3. Determine, taking centrifugal tension into account, width of the belt required. It is given that the belt thickness is 9.5 mm, density of its material is 1.1 Kg/m3 and related permissible working stress is 2.5 Mpa. (8) 2. a) A multiplate disc clutch transmits 55 KW of power at 1800 rpm. Coefficient of friction for the friction surfaces is 0.1. Axial intensity at pressure is not to exceed 160 KN/m2. The internal radius is 80 mm and is 0.7 times the external radius. Find the number of plates needed to transmit the required torque. (10) b) A band brake is lined with 10 wooden blocks each of which subtends an angle of 18 at the centre of the brake drum. If the coefficient of friction between the blocks and the wheel is 0.36, find the ratio between the greatest and the least tension in the band when the brake is in action. (6)

Kings College of Engineering

Subject Name: Kinematics of Machinery

3. The mean diameter of the screw jack having pitch of 10 mm is 50 mm. A load of 20 KN is lifted through a distance of 170 mm. Find the work done in lifting the load and efficiency of the screw jack when (i) the load rotates with the screw, and (ii) the load rests on the loose head which does not rotate with screw. The external and internal diameter of the bearing surface of the loose head is 60 mm and 10mm respectively. The coefficient of friction for the screw as well as the bearing surface may be taken as 0.08. 4. A car moving on a level road at a speed 50Km/hr has a wheel base 2.8m, distance of CG from ground level 600mm, and the distance of CG from rear wheels 1.2m. Find the distance traveled by the car before coming to rest when brakes are applied, (1) to the rear wheels, (2) to the front wheels, (3) to all the four wheels. The coefficient of friction between the tyres and the road may be taken as 0.6. 5. A vehicle moving on a rough plane inclined at 100 with the horizontal at a speed of 36km/hr has a wheel base 1.8m. The CG of the vehicle is 0.8m from the rear wheels and 0.9m above the inclined plane. Find the distance traveled by the vehicle before coming to rest and the time taken to do so when (1) the vehicle moves up the plane, (2) the vehicle moves down the plane. Take coefficient of friction is 0.5 6. The simple band brake system, as shown in fig, is applied to a shaft carrying a flywheel of mass 400kg. The radius of gyration of the fly wheel is 450mm and runs at 300rpm. The coefficient of friction is 0.2. and the brake drum diameter is 240mm. The dimensions a and l are 120mm and 300mm respectively and = 1500. Determine (1) the torque applied due to a hand load of 100N, (2) The number of turns of the wheel before it is brought to rest, and (3) the time required to bring it to rest, from the moment of the application of the brake. l=300 mm a=120 mm

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