My Struggle for an Education

Long Answer Q1. What difficulties did the writer face to achieve the goal of his life ?
Ans. On hearing the conversation of two miners working in a coal mine Brooker T. Washington decided to go to Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute, situated in Verginia. At the time of departure he had a small cheap bag, containing few clothes. At that time the health of his mother was so weak that the could not hope to see the face of her mother again, after coming from the Hampton Institute. Thus, the parting between the mother and son was full of sorrow and sadness. (1) Into each life some rain must fall some days must be dark and dreary [Long fellow] Since he was poor so by walking on foot and begging rides in wagons and cars he reached the City of Richmond. When he reached the city of Richmon it was late nigh and he was hungry. dirty nor any relative or familiar in that city so he could not stay in lodge. Knowing nothing better to do he began to walk in the streets of Richmond. (2) There are no gains without pains [Adalli Stevenson] He continued his walking till after midnight. When he was completely exhausted he come to the Foothpath, which was a little high. Having his bag under this head as a pillow the writer lay down on the ground to pass the night. He could not sleep soundly. The next morning he found himself near a large ship. Pig-iron was being unloaded from the vessel. Inspite of being hungry he worked hard on the ship for a small amount perday. To save money he continued sleeping beside the road so that he might go Hampton. (3) Success often come to those who dare and act (J.L. Nehru). When he reached Hampton Institute he presented, himself before the head teacher. Without proper food, bath and change of clothes for a long period he failed to win the heart of the head teacher. She neither admitted him nor refused him so he felt discfort in his heart. Sweeping of the recitation room, won the heart of the head teacher so she permitted him to get admission. In this way he got success in his mission inspite of a number of problems on his way. Thus, in brief, these were the difficulties, faced by the writer to get the goal of his life. (4) The ones who live are one who struggle (Victor Hugo)

Forgetting
Q1. Where does the commonest form of forget fullness. What does Robert Lynd say in defense of Forgetting?
Ans. Robert Lynd, a famous essayist, explained the habit of forgetting which is very common with all. (1) It is not everything that deserves to be remembered (Syrus). A man is expected to remember telephone numbers, addresses appointments for lunch and dinner and so on. But in some cases as posting letters, taking medicines, having books, sticks and umbrella leaving the place and many other things are forgotten by men. (2) Memory. is the dairy that we all carry about with us. (Oscar Wide). The list of articles lost by the railway passengers shows that the absentmindedness is very common among different sections of the people. In case of patients it is very difficult to take the medicine at appointed time even when he has the medicine in his pocket. The writer finds it to quite impossible to remember to pick up walking sticks. He usually forgets them at the places where he goes. (3) The man with a clear conscience probably has a poor memory (Anonymous ). According to Robert Lynd forget fullness is not only a vice but it is also a virtue. In defense of forget fullness he says that the poet like coleridge or a philosopher as Socrates may forget to post a letter because it is an ordinary thing for them. Their mind is full of more glorious things. A sportman forgets his bat or balls when he is drowned in more glorious imaginations or adventures of the sports of the day. Good memory is not related with intelligence. A man who has good memory, he was intelligence it is not necessary. It is seen that great intellectuals have no time to remember ordinary things and they make the best used of their life in remembering the things of their intrest and profession. In such matters they have good memories. Thus in nut shell, forgetting is common in posting the letters taking medicines, having books, Sticks, umbrella leaving the place. Forgetting is a virtue when mind is filled with matter more glorious. (4) The secret of good memory is attention to a subject depends upon our interest (Tyron Edwards).

A GIRL WITH BASKET

Q1. What scenery did the writer observed from the running train ?
Ans. William C. Douglas who was a judge in the supreme court of America came to India in 1950 so that he might know the feelings of Indians after independence. Those were the black days of Indian History because the partition has taken place in between Indian and Pakistan. The writer was going to Bareilly from New Delhi. The train by which the author was traveling was a passenger train. At every stoppage, opening the door of his compartment he walked on the platform so that he might know the feelings of Indians. On his way the writer saw that the plat forms were covered with the people Hindu, Moslims, Sikhs, soldiers, potters, beggars, merchants and hawkers. They were bare foot and put on Kurta and Dhoti of white colour. On his way the writer saw that it was one of the richest agricultural area that was the plane of upper Ganga river by chance there was flood in the river Ganga and floor water of Ganga was watering thousands of acres of rice. On his way the writer saw a number of forests. The grass of forests was higher than mans head In those forests dangerous animals like tigers, elephants, panthers and cobras were living. On his way the writer saw that the flat land was trying to touch the top of sky. The running of the flat land Was checked where there were the rows of sacred Banyan trees and Pakar trees. On his way the writer saw monkeys. Among them there were some mother monkeys clinging their babies with them. They were swinging form the branches of the trees and loving towards the station as though they were hungry. On his way the writer saw villages. In those villages there were houses. The walls of the those houses were made of mud, water and cow-dug. The peak portion of those houses were made of raffers, bamboo poles and bundles of dry grass. By chance in those days pumpkin vines were growing over the colourless walls of those house as though they were trying their best to decorate them. In brief, these were the sights which the writer observed from the running train.

Q2. What story did the writer tell to Pt. Nehru or how did the refuge girl impress the heart of William C. Douglas. ?
Ans. At one station the talking of the writer William C. Douglas with the people in the

compartment was who had come from Pakistan to India. They had set small shops in the over crowded city streets. Seeing the writer putting on suit and boot, the children gathered around him like locusts. Like a prisoner the author Surrounded by the refugee children was forced to purchase a number of articles. In the mean time he was a beautiful refugee girl of nine years old. She was the most eagerful and most hard working seller. She wanted to sell her lovely basket for one and half rupee or about thirty cents. Reading the face of the refugee girl the writer came to know that there were drops of tears in her eyes so he decided to help he at any cost. Balancing his articles in his left arm the author kept his right hand into his right coat pocket and got a Handful change of 5 cents and deposited in the basket of the refugee girl to show that the could not Purchase her basket but money was given to her as gratuity. Having deposited the amount the author come to know that he had commited a mistake. Inspite of standing on the edge of starvation and putting on torn clothes the refugee girl refused the money of the author like a pride grand Indian lady. She kept out the money from the basket and threw it on the act of the refugee girl forced the author to purchase her basket. In spite of being born in bad locality and poverty that refugee girl of nine touched the heart of an American judge. Though how to behave with elders yet she won the heart of W.C. Douglas. The author saw a living statue of Bhartmata in that refugee girl of nine years old. In brief, the refugee girl impressed the author William D. Douglas who told this story to Pt. Jawahar Lal

THE VARIETY AND UNITY OF INDIA.

Q1- Describe briefly the variety and unity of India as seen by Pt. Nehru ?
Ans- The study of the lesson The variety and Unity of India occurred from the Discovery of India by Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru tells us the views of the author on the variety and unity of India. In the eyes of the write there are a number of differences among Indians. By giving the example of two races, the Tamil and the Pattan. Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru has proved the variety and unity of India In his eyes nothing is common in between them because they differ in their face and figure, fooding and clothing. There is neither affinity nor similarity in their language Inspite of all these differences the blood of Indian ship is flowing not only in the veins of the Pathaans but also in the veins of Tamil.

Other differences of India live some where in between these two pillars of races. It is matter of surprising how number of races like Sikh, Punjabi, Christian, Kannar and Orriya etc live together in India and they have mentioned their peculiar characteristics for hundreds of years. In the middle age a number of foreign traditions came to India. They tried their best to devide Indians with the narrow domestic walls of class, cast and creet but they failed in their mission. Opening its powerful jaws Indian civilization swallowed the essence of these culture and customs which come from foreign country to India. The foreigners who came from other country to India failed to cut the plant of unity which has been growing in the hearts of Indians since very beginning of the civilization. According to Pt. Nehru, in this modern age the sense of nationality has bee developed not only in the minds of Indians but also in the minds of the public living all over the world so these Indian who are living in foreign countries gave a form of national group so that they may get the solution of their problems. Inspite of their internal differences Indians, living in the foreign countries have together to get the solution of their difficulties. It means though there are a number of differences among Indians yet they are united. In nut shell. by composing this lesson Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru has proved that Indians are united though there are a number of differences among them.

WOMENS EDUCATION
Q1- Write the views of S. Radha Krishnan on womens Education ?
Ans- The lesson Womens Education by S. Radhakrishnan, the second president of free Indian, tells us the importance of womens education in the society. In the eyes of author, there is a need of these women who are well cultured and well mannered, for the development of society. In the absence of will civilized women any society can never move on the path of progress. The education, which is concerned with girls education is not wide enough in our country because the present living in rural areas do not allow their daughters to go school or colleges. With his magic pen the author is trying his best to open the eyes of the government that those initiations which are imparting girls education in the society must be recognized and encouraged. In his opinion the noble qualities of honesty and dedication is found more in the heart of women than that of men. In his opinion there is a lack of depth in the education which is being imparted among the students in our institutions. He advises the modern students that single mildness and dedication are necessary for the perfection of a work. At the time of doing a work if a

mind is uncultured, the flower of success will always be a far. The quality of single mindness and dedication gets perfections in the character of women so S. Radhakrsihnan has tried his best to develop womens education in society. The author says that the subjection of womanhood has taken place in the society. It means women are the embodiment of Daya. By composing the lesson S. Radhakrisnan advises the students that they shoved develop the quality of consider nate kindness and compassion. In the absence of these noble highest qualities any body has no right to be called as human without these virtues he is a Nar Pashu without horn and tail. According to the author a well cultured women and a well cultured mother are needed not only for the development of the civilization but also for the progress of the nation. In the absence of well mannered women any nation can never touch the peak of progress. Give us good women, we will have a great civilization Give us good mothers, we will have a great nation. These lines indicates that women are the need of civilization Society demands these women who are disciplined and cultured. In the ancient age our society and civilization was on the peak of its name and fame because in these days our women had all rights as the men had. They have rights to have Clpnayan ceremony like men they go to the temples. They were entitled to chant the Gayatri Jaap. They have rights to study Vedas. But in the middleage our civilization was not only arrested but also corrupted. In that age men took away the rights of women. They were not only misbehaved but also neglected. In the excertion of middle age a revolution has taken place in our country and Indian women are getting all the rights of the ancient age. Thus, in nut shell, S. Radhakrisnan has forced for the womens education because there are a number of opportunities in social work, public life and in administration.

THE HERITAGE OF INDIA

Q1- Indian civilization has changed allot of discuss ?
Ans- The lesson Heritage of India by A.L. Basham tells us that the face of Indian Civilization has changed a lot. By giving a number of examples of disappearing sati system, Castism old family system, untouchability. Extra vacant human sacrifices and marriage of girls in childhood A. L. Basham has tried his best to prove that Indian civilization has changed.

In the middle age there were a number of thorny plants growing in the garden of Indian civilization among them there was an evil plant of satisystem under which widows where burnt with the dead body of their husbands on the pyres without their desire. It was none but Raja Ram Mohan Roy who reused his voice against this evil system of our society. With the sword of his passionate advocacy, Raja Ram Mohan Roy, a great social reformer of 19th century, tried his best to cut the thorny plant of satisystem growing in the garden of Indian civilization. He grew a popular plant of widows remarriage system. The people all over the world adopted the path directed by Raja Ram Mohan Roy. Moving on the path of Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Viveka Nanda the founder of Ram Krishna Mission tried his best to give a new direction and new life to Hindu civilization. He cut down the thorny bushes growing in the garden of Indian civilization. In his eyes, The real service of mother land is to serve the society. In the period of Mahatma Gandhi, our women hood and under dog were not only misbehaved but also ill treated in the society. It was none but Mahatma Gandhi who raised his voice against these evils of the society. He tried his best to develop the women and under dog in modern India . In the middle age Indians were divided with the narrow domestic walls of class cast and creed. With the sword of his passionate advocacy, Mahatma Gandhi tried his best to cut the bushes of class, cust and creed growing in the garden of Indian civilization. He grew a popular plant of equality in the hearts of Indians. In the Vedic age people believed in the phylosphy of eating, drinking and making merry. They sacrifice their children before the status of God and Goddes. In the modern age there is no sign of these evils in Indian society. Sati pratha is not visual be in the garden of Indian civilization. In the eyes of law any parcent can not married her daughter in her childhood by law the doors of public temples are kept open. Through the efforts of Mahatma Gandhi and this followers who were the members of Indian National Congress Indian civilization has got a new life and a new orientation. In the eyes of the author, Indian civilization is moving on its right path now because it is adopting the culture and custom of western countries. The old families are adopting the modern family systems. In this way the author has proved that Indian civilization has changed a lot but the flower of Hindu culture and custom will always blossom in the garden of Indian civilization.