Primary Resources
Primary Resources
Primary Resources
Interviews:
Alford, Stanley. Personal interview. 11 Jan. 2013. Dr. Stanley Alford graduated from University of South Carolina in 1948 and taught high school physics and chemistry in Maryland for most of his life. While living in Maryland, he decided to go to George Washington University to receive his PhD. in Education. In addition to being a lifelong educator, he is also an accomplished artist and pianist. Born June 29, 1925, he is the last living member of nine siblings. At eighty-seven, he still frequently talks about his wartime experience, although he only served twenty months. Hollis, Dorothy. Personal interview. 28 Mar. 2013. Ms. Hollis is a veteran from WWII. She was willing to have an in person interview which we then transcribed for the website. She worked primarily in communications throughout the war serving the country. Ms. Hollis told us especially how the roles of women and the home front changes directly because of war and the propaganda associated with it. She was in active duty for two years and in the reserves for six. McKale, Donald. E-mail interview. 26 Mar. 2013 Dr. McKale is a Memorial Professor of Humanities at Clemson University. He received his Ph.D from Kent State University. He is recognized as one of the leading specialists in the Holocaust and Modern Germany as well as World War II. His newest book, Hitlers Shadow War (2002), is a study of the inextricable connection between German war goals and the Holocaust; it was a Main Selection of the History Book Club, as well as a selection of the Book-of-the-Month Club and Traditions. His other books include Hitler: The Survival Myth (1981; 2001), and War by Revolution (1998), which won the Charles Smith Award from European Section of Southern Historical Association. He has taught at Clemson since 1979. Maddock, Mimi. E-mail interview. 27 Mar. 2013. Mimi Maddock is the Publisher of the Columbia Star. She described her experiences of WWII through an email interview. The Columbia Star has been a weekly newspaper for the city since 1963. Nicholas, David. E-mail interview. 26 Mar. 2013. Dr. David Nicholas is a professor emeritus at Clemson University. He received his Ph.D. from Brown University in 1967. Dr. Nicholas retired in 2006 as Kathryn and Calhoun Lemon Professor of History. He came to Clemson in 1989 from the University of Nebraska, where he taught for 22 years. Professor Nicholas is the author or editor of sixteen books and numerous scholarly articles and book chapters. At Clemson, Dr. Nicholas taught courses in Medieval History, The Era of the Hundred Years War, premodern urbanization, the European family, and the History of England to 1688. His
Reynolds, John. Personal interview. 28 Mar. 2013. John Reynolds is a WWII veteran. He was willing to have an in person interview which we then transcribed for the website. He was in the army for three years serving two years overseas in New Guinea then moving island to island eventually in the Philippines and Japan. He described how
propaganda affected him as a soldier and the home front as well starting from when he was 19. His contributions were invaluable, because of his descriptions of the battlefront itself.
Saunders, Richard. E-mail interview. 26 Mar. 2013. Dr. Saunders is a Professor and Alumni Master Teacher at Clemson University. He received his Ph.D., University of Illinois in 1971. Professor Saunders in one of the Departments Alumni Master Teachers; he has also won the FluorDaniel Excellence in Teaching Award. His courses, all university favorites, focus on 20th-century American history: The United States in the Depression and World War II, The United States, 1945-1975, and American Economic Development. An expert in railroad history, Professor Saunderss recent books include Merging Lines: American Railroads, 1900-1970 (2001), which won the George M. and Constance M. Hilton Book Award. He has taught at Clemson since 1969.
Taylor, Sue. Personal interview. 29 Mar. 2013. Ms. Taylor was part of the Womens Auxiliary Volunteer Emergency Service. She received her education from Smith College. She described her experience of WWII and involvement through a personal letter. Her job throughout the war was to decode messages in Charleston, South Carolina from Washington D.C.
Websites:
"American Rhetoric: Franklin Delano Roosevelt - Pearl Harbor Address to the Nation (12-0841)." American Rhetoric: Franklin Delano Roosevelt - Pearl Harbor Address to the Nation (12-08-41). N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Mar. 2013. This website included a video and transcript of Franklin Roosevelts Pearl Harbor Address. It was useful in determining government propaganda. Also, it included a picture of Roosevelt that we used on the website. "FDR Chat 19." FDR Chat 19. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Mar. 2013. This website detailed all of the transcripts of Roosevelts speeches. We used the transcript from his address to the people after the bombing of Pearl Harbor. We felt it was most directly tied to propaganda in encouraging the country to unite against the enemy. Hitler, Adolf. "Adolf Hitler Quotes." BrainyQuote. Xplore, 2013. Web. 15 Feb. 2013. <http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/a/adolf_hitler.html#xWLluyc2qYzOq7Qm.99> This quote expressed Hitler's strong views of how propaganda changed the war and its effect on society."Original United States Second World War
"Disney Goes to War." Disney Goes to War. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Feb. 2013. <http://www.skylighters.org/disney/>. This was a website filled with images and description of Disney in World War II. It was significant to show how many media sources had gotten involved to spread propaganda in supporting America. Disney, Walt. Disney to the Front. Digital image. America in WWII. 310 Publishing, n.d. Web. 10 May 2013. <http://www.americainwwii.com/galleries/disney-to-the-front/>. Many famous Disney characters were used throughout propaganda. Each character represented a different aspect in the American community. This includes different military roles, homefront roles, and every role in between. Do the Job HE Left behind. Digital image. Posters of World War II The Greatest Generation. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 Nov. 2012. This poster gives the viewer an example of WWII propaganda posters. This also gives the viewer a look into the push for women to work for the war effort. Don't Let That Shadow Touch Them. Buy War Bonds!! Digital image. Nabraska Studies 1925-1949. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Feb. 2013. This picture gives the viewer an example of propaganda posters at this time. This picture also gives the viewer insight into the scare tactics used by the government in its propaganda. "FliXposed." : The All-Star Bond Rally (1945). N.p., n.d. Web. 12 May 2013. <http://flixposed.blogspot.com/2012/12/the-all-star-bond-rally-1945-star-of.html>. This is a poster promoting the All Star War Bond Rally. It features the many noble famous people that were involved. It not only promotes the war, but also the show. "FLYING ACES Aviation Magazine Reproduction Metal Sign." EBay. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Jan. 2013. This was one of the magazine covers we used in the Mass Media page. It emphasized the involvement of US magazines in spreading war time propaganda. "FORUM LE MONDE EN GUERRE Informations." FORUM LE MONDE EN GUERRE Informations. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Mar. 2013. <http://www.39-45.org/viewtopic.php?f=19>. These is an image of harsh attitudes towards the Japanese after an attack on American soldiers. It is used to persuade more American people against the Japanese. Eaton's War Bonds Rally. 1943. Photograph. Wikimedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 2010. Web. 12 May 2013. <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Eaton's_War_Bonds_Rally_1943.jpg>. This image shows one of the many traveling War Bond Rallies that went cross-country in hope to sell as many war bonds as possible. They promoted national pride with song and dance. "Factory Recruitment." American Women World War II and Propaganda. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 May 2013. "Full House." Muncie-Delaware County Chamber of Commerce and Economic Development Alliance. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Feb. 2013. <http://muncie.com/governor-breakfast-2012.aspx>. This was the picture of the American flag banner used in the logo of the website, at the top. The American flag represented the country united. Jacobs, Meg. "America in Depression and War." MIT School of Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences. MIT History, 2012. Web. 25 Apr. 2013. <http://history.mit.edu/subjects/america-depression-and-war>.
This was one of the pictures of the Fireside Chats page. This picture shows Franklin Roosevelt giving one of his famous fireside chats that informed and gave hope to the people of America. "Gov. to Pay Back Billions in Unclaimed WWII Bonds?" WWII War Bonds to Be Paid Back? Web. 12 May 2013. <http://www.americainfra.com/news/gov-to-pay-back-war-bonds/>. "How Did FDR Use Social media?" KC on Content. Worldpress, n.d. Web. 25 Apr. 2013. <http://klcesarz.wordpress.com/2009/02/26/how-did-fdr-use-social-media/>. This picture shows people listening to the radio during war time. In this instance they are listening to one of Roosevelt's Fireside chats "LAMINAS EN BLANCO Y NEGRO." Manualidades Facilisimo.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Feb. 2013. <http://manualidades.facilisimo.com/foros/decoupage/laminas-en-blanco-y-negro_726979_268.html>. This poster gives the viewer an example of WWII propaganda posters. This also gives the viewer a look into the strength of the women in these positions, unprecedented at this time. Making Rifles. Digital image. Flickr from Yahoo. N.p., 20 Dec. 2010. Web. 1 Nov. 2012. This poster gives the viewer an example of WWII propaganda posters. This also gives the viewer a look into the push for women to work for the war effort, especially in factory positions. National Archives. Secretaries of War. Digital image. America in WWII. 310 Publishing, n.d. Web.10 May 2013. <http://www.americainwwii.com/galleries/secretaries-of-war/>. During war times people were encouraged to conserve resources, so many different types of people would share a taxi in order to do their part. "Once Upon A Time In War." Once Upon A Time In War. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Jan. 2013. This was one of the magazine covers we used in the Mass Media page. It emphasized the involvement of US magazines in spreading war time propaganda. "O'er The Ramparts We Watch Army Air Forces Postcards." From Zazzle.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2013."Notes of a Misanthrope." N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2013. This was one of the propaganda posters on the "Enemy" page. It served to emphasize the nature of propaganda at the time to form a solid hatred towards the enemy in the minds of American people. "Propaganda Posters." Propaganda Posters. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2013. This was one of the propaganda posters on the "Enemy" page. It served to emphasize the nature of propaganda at the time to form a solid hatred towards the enemy in the minds of American people. "Powers of Persuasion Intro Page." Powers of Persuasion Intro Page. National Archives and Records Administration, n.d. Web. 30 Mar. 2013. <http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/powers_of_persuasion/warning/images_html/our_homes_in_dange r.html>. This image show both the Nazi Germans and the Japanese approaching on American Soil. This would have persuaded Americans against these foreign powers. Retronaut - See the past like You Wouldn't Believe. Digital image. Retronaut - See the past like You Wouldn't Believe. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 May 2013. <http://www.retronaut.com/2012/03/us-comic-bookpropaganda/>.
Superheros were either used or created during WWII as a form of propaganda. This made people want to go out and join the army or at least go out and do what they can. Overall, the U.S. joined together to become one big superpower. Rosie the Riveter. Perf. The Four Vegabonds. 1943. Propaganda Commercial. This Video shows the viewer a sample of WWII propaganda. This video also gives the viewer insight into the empowering effect propaganda had on women and their self-worth. Save His Life...and Find Your Own. Digital image. Air Force Wives. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 Nov. 2012. This poster gives the viewer an example of WWII propaganda posters. This also gives the viewer a look into the push for women to work for the war effort, especially as nurses, and the effect that this had on women. Schlaikjer, Jes W. In the Face of Obstacles- COURAGE. Digital image. Vintage Posters. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Mar. 2013. <http://www.artcadeonline.com/american-memories/vintage-posters/world-war-posters/>. Valuable persuasive image of the US infantry. Shahn, Ben. "Powers of Persuasion." Powers of Persuasion. National Archives and Records Administration, n.d. Web. 30 Mar. 2013. <http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/powers_of_persuasion/united_we_win/united_we_win.html>. This threatening image of Nazi cruelty was used to persuade and inform the American public. This was one image published by the government organization, Office of War Administrations. The Judy Garland Experience. Digital image. : On This Day In Herstory (September 8, 1943). N.p., 8 Sept. 2011. Web. 12 May 2013. <http://thejudygarlandexperience.blogspot.com/2011/09/on-this-dayin-herstory-september-8.html>. This group lived up to their name. The Bond Cavalry was made up of famous actors and actresses that were there for the cause. And this only made America love them more. "The Saturday Evening Post." The Saturday Evening Post Classic Covers World War II Comments. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Jan. 2013."Baby Booties at Boot Camp." All Posters. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Jan. 2013. This was one of the magazine covers we used in the Mass Media page. It emphasized the involvement of US magazines in spreading war time propaganda. Treasury Salute | Old Time Radio. Digital image. Treasury Salute | Old Time Radio. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 May 2013. <http://www.otrcat.com/treasury-salute-p-1942.html>. This is picture is a picture of a radio show staff that promoted the war and the sale of war bonds. It was sponsored by the US treasury department. It broadcast-ed music, reports, and recording of soliders.
"Where the Rubber Hits the Road." : December 2011. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Mar. 2013. <http://frtimmoyle.blogspot.com/2011_12_01_archive.html>. Not only did America want to united within itself, but also as a whole allied power. This image supports and conveys this idea. Wilbur, Lawrence. Longing Won't Bring Him Home Sooner...GET A WAR JOB! Digital image. National Archives and Records Administration, n.d. Web. 1 Nov. 2012. <http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/powers_of_persuasion/its_a_womans_war_too/images_html/longi
ng.html>. This poster gives the viewer an example of WWII propaganda posters. This also gives the viewer a look into the push for women to work for the war effort, especially in factory positions. However, this image also gives the viewer insight into how women were looked upon during this time. "Women in the War - Wannabe Magazine." Wannabe Magazine. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Feb. 2013. <http://wannabemagazine.com/zena-bice-nesrecno-nastalo-u-pokusaju-da-se-napravi-covek/>. This poster gives the viewer an example of WWII propaganda posters. This also gives the viewer a look into the changing view of women and the greater recognition they got for what they were doing. "Women in WW2." Flickr. Yahoo!, n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2013. This was one of the propaganda posters on the "Enemy" page. It served to emphasize the nature of propaganda at the time to form a solid hatred towards the enemy in the minds of American people. "World War 2." Catholic Answers Forums RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2013. This was one of the propaganda posters on the "Enemy" page. It served to emphasize the nature of propaganda at the time to form a solid hatred towards the enemy in the minds of American people. "World War II | U.S Enters World War II | Event View." World War II | U.S Enters World War II | Event View. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2013. This was one of the propaganda posters on the "Enemy" page. It served to emphasize the nature of propaganda at the time to form a solid hatred towards the enemy in the minds of American people. "World War II Videos." World War II Videos. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2013. This was one of the propaganda posters on the "Enemy" page. It served to emphasize the nature of propaganda at the time to form a solid hatred towards the enemy in the minds of American people. O'Reilly, Jimmy. "Rochester Democrat and Chronicle." Ultimate Year in the Ultimate Rivalry Sox Win Amidst Playoff Atmosphere Comments. N.p., 7 Sept. 2006. Web. 25 Apr. 2013. <http://blogs.democratandchronicle.com/ultimateseason/?p=2273>. It was common for family and friends to gather around the radio and listen to what was going on in the world. Here a group of young adults are listening to a Fireside chat. Poster Dealers, Homefront." Original United States Second World War Poster Dealers, Homefront. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Feb. 2013. <http://www.rare-posters.com/ww2.html>. This website was filled with real life propaganda examples. It showed us the ideas spread primarily by these posters. It helped us distinguish the themes. "Propaganda Posters." Propaganda Posters. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2013. This was one of the propaganda posters on the "Enemy" page. It served to emphasize the nature of propaganda at the time to form a solid hatred towards the enemy in the minds of American people. "Women in WW2." Flickr. Yahoo!, n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2013. This was one of the propaganda posters on the "Enemy" page. It served to emphasize the nature of propaganda at the time to form a solid hatred towards the enemy in the minds of American people. "Women Work for Victory Farm,Office,Factory." WW2 Propaganda Posters Women Work for Victory FarmOfficeFactory Comments. Web. 12 May 2013. <http://ww2propagandaposters.com/women-workfor-victory-farmofficefactory/>.
World War II - Pacific War - Events. Digital image. World War II - Pacific War - Events. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 May 2013. <http://www.kidport.com/Reflib/WorldHistory/WorldWarII/WorldWarIIPacificEvents.htm>. Many depictions of the Japanese were either rats or snakes. This propaganda poster shows a snake being strangled by the mighty American hand. "World War II | U.S Enters World War II | Event View." World War II | U.S Enters World War II | Event View. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2013. This was one of the propaganda posters on the "Enemy" page. It served to emphasize the nature of propaganda at the time to form a solid hatred towards the enemy in the minds of American people. "World War 2." Catholic Answers Forums RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2013. This was one of the propaganda posters on the "Enemy" page. It served to emphasize the nature of propaganda at the time to form a solid hatred towards the enemy in the minds of American people. "World War II Media Myths." World War II Media Myths. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Feb. 2013. <http://library.flawlesslogic.com/myths.htm>. This was a website used for research in creating the Mass Media tab. It shared with us World War Two myths intentionally spread by media. It showed us a different side of propaganda: the deceptive one which primarily served to alter mindsets. "World War II: Home Front Quotes." Shmoop. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Feb. 2013. <http://www.shmoop.com/wwii-home-front/quotes.html>. This provided us with quotes from real civilians in World War Two. It showed us their side of the story. Also, it gave us insight on how propaganda affected it's intended audience. "World War II Homefront: Women at Home." About.com Women's History. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Feb. 2013. <http://womenshistory.about.com/od/warwwii/a/women_at_home.htm>. As the title suggests, this was a valuable source of information about the war's impact on women. Propaganda served to draw women into the workforce, and the consequences of that remain to this day. Media: All Star War Bond Rallies. Dir. Bob Hope. Perf. Bob Hope, Bing Crosby, Betty Garble,. 20th Century Fox Film Corporation, 1945. Film. This twenty minute long film promoted the war effort, brought music to America, while at the same time promoting the sale of war bonds. We used several segments of this video on our website about the bond rally. This one features Bing Crosby giving a heartfelt speech about the war effort. The second hows a person buying war bonds then giving the pen to the viewer.The third shows the host promoting war bonds. The next segment lists the names of numerous famous people from the time that were constantly supporting the war effort. The final clip is an introduction to the famous All Star War Bond Rally that traveled across the nation. All Together. Perf. Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck. World War II Videos. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 May 2013. <http://worldwariivideos.wordpress.com/category/wwii-in-hollywood/>. Disney had an array of cartoons and posters promoting the war. This is just one video of the Disney characters on a musical march to sell war bonds and promote war time savings.
Berlin, Irving, Jimmy Dorsey, Helen O'Connell, Bob Eberly, and Vic Schoen. Any Bonds Today? Decca, 1941. MP3. This is a classic example of war propaganda through music. In this clip the singer is promoting war bonds by conveying them as "bonds of freedom" for the USA. This propaganda added an audio element to our website. "Der Fuehrer's Face Aka Donald Duck in Nazi Land (Banned Cartoon, 1943)." YouTube. YouTube, 23 Dec. 2012. Web. 12 May 2013. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XMeuPH46PzI>. Donald Duck Der Fuehrers Face 1943 Walt Disney Cartoon This video is an example of how even Disney cartoons were used as military propaganda. We used this to show the effect that propaganda had on the home front to conform against the enemy. Clips of this video were added to the site under the home front tab. Grable, Betty. "I'll Be Marching to a Love Song." Orch. Ralph Rainger. By Leo Robin. Betty Grable and the Bombardiers. N.d. MP3. This song promoted values on the homefront and the idea of men off to war. It helped promote national pride and created a woman icon, Betty Grable. It gives you the idea that men in war work side by side with the women on the homefront. Hollywood Stars Sell War Bonds (1942). Perf. Bing Crosby, Greer Garson, Irene Dune, James Cagney. N.d. Advertisment. YouTube. YouTube, 31 Jan. 2013. Web. 12 May 2013. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9BlZ0O6Fx8U>. This video exemplifies the importance of movie stars and their relationship with war bonds during war time. This resource was very useful and informative for our research. Robinson, Carson. We're Gonna Have To Slap The Dirty Little Jap. Carson Robison. N.d.YouTube. YouTube, 11 Nov. 2011. Web. 13 May 2013. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HJ0emX5RgZQ>. Of the many war songs, this one gets right to the point with its view of the Japanese. Its harsh lyrics yet catchytune make it a perfect wartime anthem.
The Andrews Sisters. "Boogie Woogie: Bugle Boy." Rec. 1941. Don Raye and Hughie Prince, n.d. MP3. This song was used on the homefront tab to show the musical propaganda aimed at those on the home front. It was an audial demonstration of what the people heard. This propaganda recruited support for those in the war. This led to the total war effect. "The Australian Home Front during World War 2 - Women." The Australian Home Front during World War 2 - Women. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 May 2013. In Bud Abbott and Lou Costello film, "Buck Privates" We used a clip from this video to show the effect of propaganda on women. This video showed the effect of the War on those around the war. Women in particular were affected by the war, and thus propaganda. Walsh, Raoul. Objective Burma. Digital image. Film Affinity. MovieAffinity, n.d. Web. 27 Apr. 2013. <http://www.filmaffinity.com/en/movieimage.php?imageId=153102069>.
This was one of the many war films that were produced during wartime to promote the war and demote the enemy. It featured many stars performing their patriotic duty to the country. Uncle Sam Says Joshua White 1941 Southern Exposure Keynote Record Album: Youtube mp3 file This was a propaganda song used to rally the homefront. It tied in racial inequality favoring segregation. It was a popular record of the time. This reflected the popular sentiment and shows the turning point of the rights of minorities.