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Process Engineering

This document contains information about calculating heat exchanger network design for a process. It includes: 1) Stream data including temperatures, heat capacities, and heat duties. 2) Calculation of minimum hot and cold utility targets. 3) Design of a heat exchanger network to meet the targets including feasibility analysis. 4) Selection of appropriate steam and cooling water utilities. 5) Simulation of the design in Aspen Plus with stream output.

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Bernadlee Lee
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72 views

Process Engineering

This document contains information about calculating heat exchanger network design for a process. It includes: 1) Stream data including temperatures, heat capacities, and heat duties. 2) Calculation of minimum hot and cold utility targets. 3) Design of a heat exchanger network to meet the targets including feasibility analysis. 4) Selection of appropriate steam and cooling water utilities. 5) Simulation of the design in Aspen Plus with stream output.

Uploaded by

Bernadlee Lee
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 13

Table of content

Table of Contents
Table of content ............................................................................................................................................ 1
Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 2
Calculation .................................................................................................................................................... 2
Simulation ................................................................................................................................................... 11
Conclusion ................................................................................................................................................... 13
References .................................................................................................................................................. 13

Introduction

Calculation

Tm in 10 oC
Stream

Ts

Tt

CP

T*s

T*t

No

Type

(C)

(C)

(kW)

(kW/C)

(C)

(C)

4-6/1

Cold

35.5

150

2,567.8244

22.4

40.5

155

5-7/2

Cold

126.3

150

91.7826

3.9

131.3

155

13-14/3

Cold

80

102

2,934.5150

133.4

85

107

19-20 /4

Hot

62.2

35

-482.4474

17.7

57.2

30

For Hot Stream


T*= T -

Tm in
2

For Cold Stream


T*= T +

Tm in
2

H int erval
0

155
131.3

23.7

26.3

623.31

24.3

22.4

544.32

22

155.8

3427.60

27.8

22.4

622.72

107
85

3
2

57.2

4
16.7

4.6

76.82

10.5

-17.8

-186.90

40.5
30

Cascade diagram

First cascade

Second cascade

5294.77

-623.31

4671.46

-1167.63

4127.14

-4595.23

699.54

-5217.95

76.82

-5294.77

5107.87

186.90

155
623.31
131.3
544.32
107
3427.60
85
622.72
57.2
76.82
40.5
-186.90
30

Tpinch*

= 40.5 0C

Tpinch hot

=45.50C

Tpinch cold

=35.50C

QHmin

=5294.77 kW

Qcmin

=186.90 kW

Heat Exchanger Network (HEN)


CP
62.2C

45.5C

35C

150C

35.5C
H

150C

17.7

186.9

22.4

2564.8

126.3C

35.5C

3.9

35.5C

133.4

92.43
102C

80C
H

2639.21
1

295.59

CPH < CPC (above pinch)


17.7 < 133.4
22.4
17.7
3.9

CPH > CPC (below pinch)


17.7

Feasibility Study
Q=CP T
295.59=133.4(T-80)
T=82.22C

T (C)

T (C)

82.22
62.2

80

T= 20.02

45.5

T= 34.5

Feasibility
T1 = 82.22-62.20=20.02C
T2 = 80.00-45.5-=34.50C
The process integration is feasible since the T is greater than the proposed Tmin.

Selection of the utilities


Grand Composite Curve

Medium pressure

Low pressure

180
160
140

T shifted

120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

Cooling water

The most common heat utility is steam and available at several levels (Smith, 2009, p. 372).
The levels address as low pressure, medium pressure, high pressure and very high pressure
steam. Table 1 shows the typical steam available for hot utilities and the shifted temperature for
the Tmin= 20OC

Table 1: Typical steams available for hot utility (Venkatesan, V., 2008).
No. Steam for heating

Pressure (Psig)

Temperature (C)

Temperature
Shifted (C)

Low Pressure

>50

130

120

Medium Pressure

50 - 250

230 280

220

High Pressure

250

350

340

Very High Pressure

>600

500

490

Usually for the cold utilities, refrigeration, cooling water, air-cooling are used for the cold utilities
and there are more cold utilities that not been mentioned.
Table 2: General information of typical refrigerant available for cold utility (Application guiderefrigerants, 2012).

Table 3: Operation information of typical refrigerant available for cold utility (Application guiderefrigerants, 2012).

So, in this process, we used cooling water as the cold utilities since it has 100oC boiling point
and the temperature below the pinch is below 40 oC.

SAVING
In terms of the amount (kW and %)
For hot utility
QH before = 482.4474 KW
QH after = 5294.77 KW
Saving =

(482.4474 - 5294.77) KW 100 %


482.4474 KW

= 997.48%

For cold utility


QC before = 2567.8244 + 91.7826 + 2934.5150 KW
= 5594.122 KW
QC after = 186.9 KW
Saving =

(5594.122 186.9) KW

100 %

5594.122 KW
= 96.66%

10

Simulation
SIMULATION BY USING ASPEN PLUS

4
6
C1

7
C2

13

14
C3

19

20
H1

11

STREAM TABLE

FORMALIN P RODUCT ION


Stream ID

From
To

C1

C2

Phase

LIQUID

VAPOR

13

C1

C2

14

19

C3

H1

C3
VAPOR

20

VAPOR

H1

MIXED

VAPOR

MIXED

MIXED

Subst ream: MIXED


Mole Flow

kmol/sec

METHANOL

.0560555

WAT ER

8.86111E-4

0.0

.0560555

0.0 8.86111E-4

0.0 6.98611E-3 6.98611E-3 6.94444E-5 6.94444E-5


0.0

.0886777

.0886777

.1369305

.1369305

OXYGEN

0.0

.0274250

0.0

.0274250

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

NIT ROGEN

0.0

.1036056

0.0

.1036056

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0 2.77778E-6

0.0

.0485111

.0485111

.0485083

.0485083

CH2O

2.77778E-6

T otal Flow

kmol/sec

.0569444

.1310306

.0569444

.1310306

.1441750

.1441750

.1855083

.1855083

T otal Flow

kg/sec

1.812188

3.779919

1.812188

3.779919

3.278013

3.278013

3.925592

3.925592

T otal Flow

cum/sec

2.31902E-3

1.972754

.9838637

2.306237

1.653269

3.798914

.5374885

.5027440

T emperature

308.6500

399.4500

423.1500

423.1500

353.1500

375.1500

335.3500

308.1500

Pressure

N/sqm

2.41317E+5 2.20632E+5 1.99948E+5 1.99948E+5 1.37895E+5 1.17211E+5 2.65448E+5 2.44764E+5

Vapor Frac

0.0

1.000000

1.000000

1.000000

.5454918

1.000000

.2825654

.2664842

Liquid Frac

1.000000

0.0

0.0

0.0

.4545082

0.0

.7174346

.7335158

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

Solid Frac
Ent halpy

J/kmol

-2.4082E+8 2.95694E+6 -1.9572E+8 3.65740E+6 -2.1272E+8 -1.9237E+8 -2.3740E+8 -2.4000E+8

Ent halpy

J/kg

-7.5671E+6 1.02502E+5 -6.1502E+6 1.26784E+5 -9.3561E+6 -8.4609E+6 -1.1219E+7 -1.1341E+7

Ent halpy

Wat t

-1.3713E+7 3.87449E+5 -1.1145E+7 4.79232E+5 -3.0669E+7 -2.7735E+7 -4.4039E+7 -4.4522E+7

Ent ropy

J/kmol-K -2.4376E+5

6333.582 -1.1666E+5

8855.751 -84066.30 -26807.96 -1.2029E+5 -1.2818E+5

Ent ropy

J/kg-K

-7659.544

219.5530 -3665.845

306.9838 -3697.441 -1179.079 -5684.661 -6057.519

Density

kmol/cum

24.55540

.0664201

.0578783

.0568157

.0872059

.0379516

.3451392

.3689916

Density

kg/cum

781.4459

1.916062

1.841910

1.638998

1.982746

.8628816

7.303584

7.808332

31.82379

28.84762

31.82379

28.84762

22.73635

22.73635

21.16127

21.16127

Average MW
Liq Vol 60F

cum/sec

2.27709E-3 7.01771E-3 2.27709E-3 7.01771E-3 3.86992E-3 3.86992E-3 4.46178E-3 4.46178E-3

12

Conclusion

References
Smith, R. (2009). Chemical Process Design. West Sussex, England: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Venkatesan, V. (2008). How do you define steam? Retrieved May 06, 2013 from
http://www.chemicalprocessing.com/experts/steam-thermal-systems/show/359/

13

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