Todays Dynamic Positioning Systems

Nick Van Overdam Andrew Phillips

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History of Dynamic Positioning

Cuss 1 Mohole Project, 1961

Station keeping w/joystick control and acoustic transponders

Eureka, 1961 & Caldrill, 1964

True DP using 3 analog controllers and taut wire

Markets developed in the Mediterranean and the North Sea Commercialization by Honeywell in the late 1960s Seaway Falcon was the first commercial DP system by Kongsberg in 1977

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DP Equipment Classes

Class 1

Loss of position may occur in the event of a single fault.

Equipment need not be redundant.

Class 2

Loss of position is not to occur in the event of a single fault in any active component or system. Static components not considered for failure.

Typically achieved through redundancy.

Class 3

Loss of position is not to occur in the event of a single fault including a completely burnt fire sub-division or flooded watertight compartment.

Typically achieved through redundancy and compartment segregation.

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COTS (Commercially off the shelf) versus Proprietary

DP system hardware philosophies

Proprietary

COTS
Shelf life of processors, motherboards, video cards, etc Up front cost savings ?? Long term upgrade cost? Supportability

Long term support Knowledgeable tech support (Certified internal training) Stable hardware platform (average life time 10-15 yrs, longer mean time between system upgrades) Long term cost savings

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Importance of Sensor Input Number of required units

Wind Sensor Wind speed and direction measurements input to aerodynamic model

Gyro Compass Heading input (heading control, geographic orientation)

MRU pitch, and roll measurements are required to correct Position Reference System fixes for the orientation of the vessel

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Todays Optional Position Ref Systems

Dierences of GPS systems true mul5 referencing RADius / CyScan / RadaScan / Fanbeam / DARPS Acous5c Systems Tautwire Gangway

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Dierences of GPS Systems true mul5 referencing

For the receiver to output GPS position coordinates of submeter accuracy, you must first select a differential signal from one of the following sources: SBAS (WAAS/EGNOS, and MSAS) free service, limited Availability OmniSTAR VBS or HP/XP paid subscription, available Worldwide Beacon mode Correction received by the combined beacon/GPS antenna
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DPS Engine comprises an "All in One" signal processing core with advanced algorithms and true parallel processing of all available signals including SBAS (e.g. WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS and GAGAN). DGPS/DGLONASS corrections from different sources are combined by the unique MULTIREF capability. There is no practical limitation to the number of reference stations handled by the DPS Engine. DPS 232 provides full decimeter accuracy with High Precision Services.

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RADius / CyScan / RadaScan / Fanbeam pros vs GPS

100m 10m 1m 100m 200m RPS DGPS 300 m Distance

Robust and precise relative reference for DP operations when close to structures or other vessels Complementary to DGPS e.g. as DGPS tends to have reduced accuracy close to structure or other vessels, Relative Positioning Systems increase accuracy Increasing integrity by tracking multiple transponders and built-in accuracy assessment and performance evaluation
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RADius / CyScan / RadaScan / Fanbeam Cons vs GPS

Limited in relative distance from Target. A target must be hung from the structure\rig\platform in order to position off of. In some cases the target requires an activation key or ships power in order to utilize. (Fanbeam and CyScan only)Degraded signal quality with direct sun light, heavy rain, fog and false targets.

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RADius operational advantages

No moving parts
Solid state Low maintenance cost

Operates in all weather conditions Complementary to existing GPS positioning reference system Multi user Multiple transponder capability License free Integrity shadow free False reflection free

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Underwater Positioning

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HiPAP family

Gate valve 500 mm 392 mm 60 kg

Gate valve 350 mm 320 mm 30 kg

HiPAP 500 Acoustic operating area recommended: 100 Operating range: 4000m Range accuracy: 0.10m Angle accuracy: 0.12 ( 0.2% of slant range)

HiPAP 350
Acoustic operating area recommended: 60 Operating range: Range accuracy: 3000m 0.20m

HiPAP 350P
Acoustic operating area recommended: 60 Operating range: Range accuracy: 3000m 0.20m

Angle accuracy: 0.18 ( 0.3% of slant range)

Angle accuracy: 0.18 ( 0.3% of slant range)

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Light Weight Taut Wire

Accuracy 0.2% of water depth Remote control from bridge Operational limits
300 (500) m depth 20 angle (35% of water depth) Favorite among dive support vessels visual reference for divers Pipe laying

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DP Applications

Research Vessels Supply Boats Crew Boats how DP has now taken over that market. More mul5 func5onal fast vessels Dredgers 5me savings not having to go over missed areas, etc. Ocean Tugs oers addi5onal func5onali5es to serve dierent opera5ons Anchor Handlers Accommoda5on Vessels Pipe layers / Cable Layers Construc5on / Heavy liM Vessels Military Cruise Vessels Drill Ships / Semis ROV / Dive Support Vessels Yachts Icebreaker

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Research Vessels

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Supply Boats or OSVs

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Crew Boats

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Dredgers

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Ocean Tugs

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Anchor Handlers

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Accommoda5on vessels

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Pipe layers

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Construction / Heavy Lift Versabar VB10000

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Military

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Military

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Cruise Ships

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Drill Ships / Semi-Submersibles

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Windmill Installation Vessel

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USCG Mackinaw Ice Breaker

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DP Design A changing working environment

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K-Master- The DP of Tomorrow.... Today!

Mini joystick for equipment control Backup switch Alarms, Mode control and control transfer Radio PTT switches Touch Control Panels (both sides) Rotate wheel

Microphone/ speakers in backrest

Joystick for DP and Independent DP joystick Thruster control levers (both sides) Seat adjustment controls

Space for additional operator units (both sides)

Independent DP Joystick control panel (Touch)

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K-Master ergonomics
Hand Grasp On Hand Within easy reach

Within reach

Sectors according to DNV NAUT-OSV

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FUGRO Symphony Aft Bridge K-Master

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Local Customer Support

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www.kongsberg.com
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WORLD CLASS through people, technology and dedication

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