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    Is in Business

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    Manoj K
    Information systems are organized combinations of people, hardware, software, and data resources that store, retrieve, transform, and disseminate information in an organization. There are two main types: information systems, which deliver information processing functions, and information technology, which are the components needed for systems to operate. Common information technologies include computer hardware and software, telecommunications networks, and data resource management. Information systems can be classified as operations support systems, which process business transactions, or management support systems, which provide information to support managerial decision making. The key components of any system are inputs, processing, outputs, feedback, and control.

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    Is in Business

    Uploaded by

    Manoj K
    200 views6 pages
    Information systems are organized combinations of people, hardware, software, and data resources that store, retrieve, transform, and disseminate information in an organization. There are two main types: information systems, which deliver information processing functions, and information technology, which are the components needed for systems to operate. Common information technologies include computer hardware and software, telecommunications networks, and data resource management. Information systems can be classified as operations support systems, which process business transactions, or management support systems, which provide information to support managerial decision making. The key components of any system are inputs, processing, outputs, feedback, and control.

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    Information systems are organized combinations of people, hardware, software, and data resources that store, retrieve, transform, and disseminate information in an organization. There are two main types: information systems, which deliver information processing functions, and information technology, which are the components needed for systems to operate. Common information technologies include computer hardware and software, telecommunications networks, and data resource management. Information systems can be classified as operations support systems, which process business transactions, or management support systems, which provide information to support managerial decision making. The key components of any system are inputs, processing, outputs, feedback, and control.

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    200 views6 pages

    Is in Business

    Uploaded by

    Manoj K
    Information systems are organized combinations of people, hardware, software, and data resources that store, retrieve, transform, and disseminate information in an organization. There are two main types: information systems, which deliver information processing functions, and information technology, which are the components needed for systems to operate. Common information technologies include computer hardware and software, telecommunications networks, and data resource management. Information systems can be classified as operations support systems, which process business transactions, or management support systems, which provide information to support managerial decision making. The key components of any system are inputs, processing, outputs, feedback, and control.

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    Foundations of Information Systems in Business

    Introduction

    • Information technology can help all kinds of businesses improve the efficiency and
    effectiveness of their business processes, managerial decision making, and workgroup
    collaboration, thus strengthening their competitive positions in a rapidly changing
    marketplace.
    • Internet-based systems have become a necessary ingredient for business success in
    today’s dynamic global environment.
    • Information technologies are playing an expanding role in business.

    What is an Information System?

    Any organized combination of people, hardware, software, communications networks,


    and data resources that stores, retrieves, transforms, and disseminates information in an
    organization.

    Information Systems vs. Information Technology

    Information Systems (IS) – all components and resources necessary to deliver


    information and information processing functions to the organization

    Information Technology (IT) – various components necessary for the system to operate

    Types of Information Technologies

    • Computer Hardware Technologies: including microcomputers, midsize servers, and


    large mainframe systems, and the input, output, and storage devices that support them

    • Computer Software Technologies: including operating system software, Web


    browsers, software productivity suites, and software for business applications like
    customer relationship management and supply chain management

    • Telecommunications Network Technologies: including the telecommunications


    media, processors, and software needed to provide wire-based and wireless access
    and support for the Internet and private Internet-based networks

    • Data Resource Management Technologies: including database management system


    software for the development, access, and maintenance of the databases of an
    organization
    Trends in Information Systems
    Types of Information Systems

    Operations Support Systems

    • Information systems that process data generated by and used in business operations
    • Goal is to efficiently process business transactions, control industrial processes,
    support enterprise communications and collaboration, and update corporate databases

    Operations Support Systems include:

    • Transaction Processing Systems (TPS) – process data resulting from business


    transactions, update operational databases, and produce business documents.

    • Process Control Systems (PCS) – monitor and control industrial processes.

    • Enterprise Collaboration Systems – support team, workgroup, and enterprise


    communications an collaboration.

    Management Support Systems

    Information systems that focus on providing information and support for effective
    decision making by managers

    Management Support Systems include:


    • Management Information Systems (MIS) – provide information in the form of pre-
    specified reports and displays to support business decision making.

    • Decision Support Systems (DSS) – provide interactive ad hoc support for the decision
    making processes of managers and other business professionals.

    • Executive Information Systems (EIS) – provide critical information from MIS, DSS,
    and other sources tailored to the information needs of executives.

    IS Classifications by Scope

    • Functional Business Systems – support basic business functions

    • Strategic Information Systems – support processes that provide a firm with strategic
    products, services, and capabilities for competitive advantage

    • Cross-functional Information Systems – integrated combinations of information


    systems

    What is a System?

    A group of interrelated components, with a clearly defined boundary, working together


    toward a common goal by accepting inputs and producing outputs in an organized
    transformation process

    System Components

    • Input – capturing and assembling elements that enter the system to be processed

    • Processing – transformation steps that convert input into output

    • Output – transferring elements that have been produced by a transformation process


    to their ultimate destination

    A self-monitoring, self-regulating system also includes:

    • Feedback – data about the performance of a system

    • Control – monitoring and evaluating feedback to determine whether a system is


    moving toward the achievement of its goal
    IS Resources & Activities

    Information System Resources

    People – end users and IS specialists

    Hardware – physical devices and materials used in information processing including


    computer systems, peripherals, and media

    Software – sets of information processing instructions including system software,


    application software and procedures

    Data – facts or observations about physical phenomena or business transactions

    Network – communications media and network infrastructure


    Data vs. Information

    Data – raw facts or observations typically about physical phenomena or business


    transactions

    Information – data that have been converted into a meaningful and useful context for
    specific end users

    Information Systems Activities

    • Input of Data Resources


    • Processing of Data into Information
    • Output of Information Products
    • Storage of Data Resources
    • Control of System Performance

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