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    Gerund

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    galifardo1987
    The document discusses the gerund in English grammar. The gerund can function as a noun or verb and takes different forms such as the active gerund or passive gerund. It can be used in various constructions including after verbs, prepositions, and as adverbials. Some examples of how to use the gerund are provided, such as liking playing tennis or being in danger of falling.

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    Gerund

    Uploaded by

    galifardo1987
    62 views2 pages
    The document discusses the gerund in English grammar. The gerund can function as a noun or verb and takes different forms such as the active gerund or passive gerund. It can be used in various constructions including after verbs, prepositions, and as adverbials. Some examples of how to use the gerund are provided, such as liking playing tennis or being in danger of falling.

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    The document discusses the gerund in English grammar. The gerund can function as a noun or verb and takes different forms such as the active gerund or passive gerund. It can be used in various constructions including after verbs, prepositions, and as adverbials. Some examples of how to use the gerund are provided, such as liking playing tennis or being in danger of falling.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    62 views2 pages

    Gerund

    Uploaded by

    galifardo1987
    The document discusses the gerund in English grammar. The gerund can function as a noun or verb and takes different forms such as the active gerund or passive gerund. It can be used in various constructions including after verbs, prepositions, and as adverbials. Some examples of how to use the gerund are provided, such as liking playing tennis or being in danger of falling.

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    GERUND The gerund can be used like a noun and like a verb (Verbalsubstantiv).

    The most common forms: - gerund (active form) - gerund (passive form) playing I like playing tennis. being sent I hate being sent shopping.

    Other possible forms (but rarely used): - gerund (perfect form, active) - gerund (perfect form, passive) having played I remember having played Cricket once last summer. having been sent I'm proud of having been sent there by my country.

    1. The gerund as a noun - Swimming is healthy. - Travelling to foreign countries is a lot of fun. 2. The gerund after verbs without a preposition Like, enjoy, hate, suggest,start, stop etc. + gerund - I like going for walks in the mountains. - My brother enjoys playing tricks on me. - I hope you will stop talking about food all the time. 3. The gerund after prepositions a. after verb + prep. succeed in, dream of, look forward to, think of, complain about etc. + gerund b. after adj. + prep. be fond of, be good at, be interested in, be afraid of, be tired of, be keen on + gerund c. after noun + prep. be in danger of, have difficulty in, a chance of + gerund - We are looking forward tomeeting you in summer. - I've always dreamed of playing in a famous rock group. - My friend insisted on paying the bill. - I'm fond of visiting my relatives. - Peter is really interested in studying Physics. - Susan is afraid of walking on her own during the night. - We were in danger of falling off the rock. - They had difficulty in buying enough food in for the weekend.

    4. Gerund constructions as adverbials (als adverbiale Bestimmung) a. after certain prep. on, in spite of, after, before + gerund - On arriving in York, he phoned his friend. As soon as he arrived ... - In spite of setting off early, he was late for tea. Although he set off early... - After spending a fortnight in London, he decided he had had enough. After he had spent...

    !!! 'After' is also used as a conjunction. Therefore the underlined word of the last example 'spending' can also be seen as a participle. b. instead of, apart from, by, without + gerund !!! No adverbial clauses possible in English - Instead of going home, we went for a walk. - Apart from being hungry, they were also tired. - By working hard he made alot of money.

    5. The gerund after certain expressions it's no use, there is no, it's no good, it's worth + gerund - It's no use ringing the home. - It's no good asking me. clue. - It's worth saving these be very valuable in a few bell. No one is at I haven't got a stamps. They might years.

    Possessive adjectives precede a gerund: Her working late is making her sick. A Gerund will follow a preposition: Thank you for helping me. The negation NOT is always placed in front of the gerund or the infinitive. I enjoy not having to do study today. Gerunds are used after the following expressions: -worth, -rather than, -instead of -This situation is worth looking into -Rather than studying Chemistry we decided to study Anatomy -Instead of talking to her boss directly, she sent a message with her secretary. I dont mind him being here.

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