Egypt Study Guide

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Ancient Egypt Study Guide

Essay

You have your choice of doing three short essays or one long one. If you decide to go with three,
choose three of the following and write two full paragraphs in response to each:

A. What was the status of women in ancient Egypt?


B. How were Egyptian hieroglyphics deciphered?
C. Describe the history of Egyptian involvement in Syria-Palestine (Canaan).
D. What made Akhenaten such an unusual pharaoh?
E. Who were the greatest pharaohs, in your opinion, and why?
F. Relate some Egyptian interactions with the Sea Peoples.
G. What effect did the reign of the Ptolemies have on Egypt?

If you decide to go with one, choose one of the following and write a lengthy essay on the
chosen subject. The more details you can provide, the better.

A. What can you tell us about the way government functioned in Egypt, and the history of the
development of Egyptian government?

B. What can you tell us about Egyptian religion, the Egyptian gods, and the history of the
development of Egyptian religion?

Timeline

Dates BCE
5500-4000 Neolithic Period
4000-3000 Predynastic Period
3000 Narmer joins Upper and Lower Egypt into one kingdom.
2686 Beginning of Old Kingdom
2668-2649 Reign of Djoser, 4th Dynasty. Step Pyramid at Saqqara built.
2589-2566 Reign of Khufu, 4th Dynasty. Great pyramid of Giza built.
2558-2532 Reign of Khafre, 4th Dynasty. Great Sphinx constructed.
2278-2184 Reign of Pepi II, 6th Dynasty. Last great king of Old Kingdom
2160-2040 First Intermediate Period
2040 Mentuhotep I (Dyn 11) founds Middle Kingdom
1878-1841 Senusret III’s campaigns (Dyn 12) into Kush secure Egypt’s southern border.
1782 Second Intermediate Period begins.
1663 Hyksos invade and conquer Lower Egypt.
1570 Ahmose I (Dyn 18) expels Hyksos and founds New Kingdom.
1485 Hatshepsut (Dyn 18) sends expedition to Punt.
1503 Thutmose III defeats Canaanites in Battle of Megiddo.
1350-1334 Rule of Akhenaten (Dyn 18). Egypt becomes a monotheistic society.
1325 Tutankhamun (Dyn 18) buried in his tomb.
1274 Ramesses II (Dyn 19) defeats Hittites in Battle of Qadesh.
1176 Ramesses III (Dyn 20) defeats invading Sea Peoples.
1130 Wenamun’s expedition to Dor.
1069 End of New Kingdom. Third Intermediate Period begins.
930 Sheshonq I (Dyn 22) invades Judah and Israel.
747 Piye founds Dynasty 25. Nubians begin ruling Egypt.
671 Assyrians take control of Egypt.
656 Psammetichus I (Dyn 26) expels Assyrians from Egypt.
570 Amasis (Dyn 26) rebels against Apries and defeats him, taking control of Egypt.
525 Cambyses II of Persia conquers Egypt.
332 Alexander the Great takes control of Egypt.
305 Ptolemy I Soter founds Ptolemaic Dynasty.
247 Ptolemy II Philadelphus completes Pharos Lighthouse.
170-164 Joint rule of Ptolemy VI Philometer and his brother Ptolemy VIII Euergetes.
30 Last Ptolemaic ruler, Cleopatra VII, commits suicide. Rome conquers Egypt.

Geography

Know the following places:


Alexandria
Tanis
Avaris
Memphis
Saqqara
Heliopolis
Giza
Herakleopolis
Akhetaten (El-Amarna)
Abydos
Naqada
Thebes (Luxor)
Karnak
Aswan
Sais
Hierakonpolis
Napata
Siwa
Cyrene
Punt
Mendes
Pi-Ramesses
Abu Simbel

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