General Presentation 2

GENERAL PRESENTATION
Proposing 4 unreinforced Concrete Armour Units:
ACCROPODE CORE-LOC ECOPODE ACCROPODE II
Invented in 1981 by SOGREAH
Invented in 1995 by the USACOE
Representing a total of more than 230 applications worldwide
CLI Single layer techniques

CORE-LOC ADVANTAGES & CM CLI SERVICES
HISTORY
ACCROPODE II VS. ACCROPODE
ACCROPODE II VS. CORE-LOC
ACCROPODE II ADVANTAGES & CM
ECOPODE
CLI is a subsidiary of SOGREAH located in Tours; France
Licensor/inventor Licensee of SOGREAH and CHL on behalf of the USACE Technology provider
SOGREAH Armouring Division
- Assistance for design reviews - Acts on behalf of for tailored technical assistance during construction
Client / Sub-Licensee
History
ACCROPODE unit
ECOPODE CLI SERVICES
HISTORY
CORE-LOC ADVANTAGES & CM
-TETRAPOD invented by SOGREAH in 1952 -ACCROPODE developed from the Tetrapod experience -Pioneer in conventional single layer armouring -Invented and patented in 1981 by SOGREAH -180 applications around the world
History
CORE-LOC unit
HISTORY
-Developed by the US Corps of Engineers at WES -Patented in 1995 -Ideal for moderate wave exposure -Widely used in the Middle-East -About 50 projects worldwide
Time and cost

ACCROPODE II vs. ACCROPODE

HISTORY
-An ACCROPODE II (called A2 for short) solution saves a few percent of concrete compared to an equivalent ACCROPODE (A1) solution -A2 installation on the breakwater requires less constraints due to an easier/simpler interlocking (higher output) -Overall, A2 saves materials and construction time compared to A1
Time and cost

ACCROPODE II vs. CORE-LOC

HISTORY ACCROPODE II VS. ACCROPODE ACCROPODE II VS. CORE-LOC ACCROPODE II ADVANTAGES & CM CORE-LOC ADVANTAGES & CM ECOPODE CLI SERVICES
-Robustness: The A2 optimised shape, benefits of improved characteristics of every aspects from the original A1 (containing embedded A1 know-how), and is considered in this respect to possess a structural advantage over the CL. -Hydraulic stability: Due to its higher porosity, the CL armour will be able to dissipate a little more efficiently the wave energy. This advantage is somehow offset by the effects of the A2 friction enhancers (which also help limiting settlements along the slope). -Concrete consumption rate: the CL saves about 2% less concrete than the A2. -Practical aspects: CL concrete strength requirements are greater than A2: 35MPa grade vs. 25 to 30MPa. In line with this advantage, a shorter striking, lifting and placement time is expected in favour of the A2. Because of its simpler overall geometry, A2 placement output rates will be greater. Mould cost, ease of casting, handling ad storage: minor differences
New Shape
ACCROPODE II unit
-Shape optimised from the ECOPODE and ACCROPODE -More balanced / rugged facets / progressive fillets -Pyramids friction enhancement, limit settlements, extra locking effect and greater wave energy dissipation -New geometry leading to 3 key areas of improvements:
Hydraulic stability performance Structural integrity Practical aspects
Greater Sturdiness
ACCROPODE II unit
HISTORY
-ACCROPODE sturdiness confirmed over the years -Shape optimisation: increased robustness due to trimming -Pyramids on front facets: features with multiple advantages -Pyramids are partially sacrificial indicators under loading -Concrete strength Rc28d = min 25 MPa for units 4 m3 and min 30 MPa for larger units
Von Mises stresses (MPa)
1.80 1.60 1.40 1.20 1.00 0.80 ACCROPODE II 0.60 ACCROPODE 0.40 0.20 0.00 0 5 10 15 Volume (m3) 20 25
Hydraulic performance
HISTORY ACCROPODE II VS. ACCROPODE ACCROPODE II VS. CORE-LOC ACCROPODE II ADVANTAGES & CM
ACCROPODE II unit
Extensive physical modeling and initial field feedback: -The new shape allows improvements in stability: Better spreading in interlocking Greater hydraulic stability Slight Kd increase -Placement grid adjustment in order to : Simplify placement procedures Minimise settlements on armour slope
Installation and Maintenance

ACCROPODE II VS. ACCROPODE ACCROPODE II VS. CORE-LOC ACCROPODE II ADVANTAGES & CM
ACCROPODE II unit
HISTORY
-Easier placement due to: A more uniform (symmetry) unit geometry Less placement constraints The tuning of the positioning grid -Maintenance: Good records: First generation unit (A1) has shown to require minimum maintenance Considering that the second generation (A2) offers improvements on key aspects, it is then expected to require even less maintenance
Construction Methods (CM)

ACCROPODE II
HISTORY
A typical arrangement is a staggered layout in lines which required the minimum precast yard area. Unit casting area S can be evaluated by using S = 1.24 H2, H being the height of the unit.

ACCROPODE II
MAIN CASTING SPECIFICATIONS . Mould preparation:

Wheels height adjusted Shells fully connected - Safety platform secured
Base waterproofing: levelled sand bed

over lean concrete slab
Transport by mix-trucks:
In general < 45 minutes for ready-mix concrete
Form-oiling
Half-mould (shell) set in place in place
Casting:
No cold joint High workability / low W/C Ht of fall >2m = use a chute Each vibrated layer should not exceed 50cm Casting time: 20 mn in normal conditions 40 mn in cold / humid wheather conditions Attention : Max heat of hydration < 65 C Connecting shells Mould ready for casting
Vibration: 2 or 3 inches poker external vibrators not advised

Concrete pumping
Vibration

ACCROPODE II
TYPICAL CYCLE: Hardening of concrete: In general between 15 and 24 hours to reach the minimum striking strength Rc7days
1- Concrete hardening 2- Striking
Mould Striking min Rc7d: 4m3

between 5m3 and 15m3 15m3
6MPa min 7MPa min 10MPa min
Unit curing: 14 days with suitable curing compound + Cleaning and form-oiling: each re-use Transport to storage yard min Rc: 4m3
min between 5m3 and 15m3 15m3 20MPa min 25MPa min 15MPa
3- Curing
4- Cleaning and form oiling
Storage time: Units must have gone through their curing, be 28d aged and reach the Rc 28d before being installed
5- Transport to storage
6- Storage

ACCROPODE II
HANDLING
A2 units can be lifted when min Rc28d = 15 MPa for units 4 m and 20 MPa for units between 5 and 15 m, 25 MPa for larger units Typical handling machinery: Cranes or fork-lift trucks or front-end wheel loaders can be used depending on the distance of transport and unit size Slinging : Two ways of slinging the units can be considered

ACCROPODE II
STORAGE method:
-Nested in tight rows: Area needed per level: 0,55 H2 -H = the unit height
N.B:
-The storage area must be carefully levelled -Suitable bearing capacity of the soils -Two-levels storage is feasible, the second level must however not extend until the edge of the first stored level, for safety reasons; -If safety requires, the second level can be strapped in groups. -Some space must be given between the units so that they can easily be slinged or fork-lifted for their removal when ready for placement

ACCROPODE II
TRANSPORT OF ACCROPODE II BY DECK BARGE

Advantages of the CORE-LOC unit

CORE LOC
Highly dissipating and most cost-effective
1. Developed at the Waterways Experiments Station (WES) 2. Superior hydraulic stability Low overtopping 3. High porosity ratio 4. Ideally suited to moderate wave conditions 5. Least concrete consumption 6. Substantial number of projects worldwide
CORE-LOC PROCESS SEQUENCE

View of CORE-LOC moulds
Form oiling
Sand bed being prepared

HISTORY ACCROPODE II VS. ACCROPODE ACCROPODE II VS. CORE-LOC ACCROPODE II ADVANTAGES & CM CORE-LOC ADVANTAGES & CM
CORE-LOC
Mould setting Platform mounting
Concreting
Assembling
Mould removal

CORE-LOC
Water sprinkling
Applying curing compound Two typical casting methods
Fork-lifting a 5m3 unit

CORE-LOC
Storage yards Handling a 11 m unit
Transporting 1.4m units

ACCROPODE II VS. ACCROPODE ACCROPODE II VS. CORE-LOC ACCROPODE II ADVANTAGES & CM CORE-LOC ADVANTAGES & CM
CORE-LOC
HISTORY
Deck barge transport
Placement from land
TRANSPORTING CORE-LOC units in a cargo ship

CORE-LOC
Posibloc display installed in crane cabine
Barging units out to site
Placing from a barge
Virtual display of Core-Loc in-progress placement Side view
The environmentally friendly unit

ECOPODE
ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY
The ECOPODE single layer: an alternative solution to armour rocks
ECOPODE Origin
ECOPODE
What exactly is ECOPODE?
Man-made geometry: i.e. the ACCROPODE
+
Architectured aspects adaptable to specific site conditions
The ECOPODE unit Developed at SOGREAH in 1996
Design Materials volumes comparision
ECOPODE
Solid materials volumes for various configurations
Armour Underlayer (filter) Core
ECOPODE 1m3 - 4/3 slope
ECOPODE 2m3 - 4/3 slope
Rocks - 2/1 slope
Rocks - 3/2 slope
Manufacturing - Mould principle
ECOPODE
The mould system is similar to an ACCROPODE mould in its operating principle:

Two half shells that are assembled before casting Opening of the mould using small jacks
A complete set of mould consists of the following:

A tubular structure ( spider frame ) Two symmetrical shells made of composite material (same shape and texture as the Master) The inside of the shells is lined with a special gel coat allowing easy opening of the mould
Coffrage ACCROPODE II
Coffrage ECOPODE II
Fabrication of ECOPODE units
ECOPODE application
Casting procedures ACCROPODE and ECOPODE are identical:
Same concrete characteristics Same casting method Same production cycle (1 unit a day per set of mould) Concrete coloring as an option
ECOPODE Placement principle
ECOPODE application
The ECOPODE placement principle is identical to the ACCROPODE II: Conditions:

Conventional similar equipment is used (cable cranes and slings) Adapted rock underlayer (W/7 to W/15)
Simplified placement rules:

Placement in a single layer Placement according to a defined grid Ramdom orientation of the units
Views of ECOPODE armour
ECOPODE application
New process: Ospedaletti marina, liguria, Italy Works in progress

Knowledge-based technical assistance

CLI offers knowledge-based support at key stages as the project develops: -Design stage: Armour design: respond/interact to/with Designers provide specific advice and comments Physical modeling (often recommended): supply required model units to Laboratories; provide advice and comment tests results -Construction stage: Tailored assistance provided to the Contractor from the beginning of the manufacturing up to the end of placement of the armour units

Assistance on Site
-Typical sequence of technical assistance provided during implementation: Provision of the Technical documentation and mould drawings Review and advice about the Contractor construction methods First site visit at start of the units manufacturing Supply of the positioning drawings based on the relevant data provided by the contractor Second visit before or at the beginning of the placement Several visits during the placement -In addition to timely site visits, interactive support is made available to the Contractor throughout the construction until completion of the works.

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GENERAL PRESENTATION

Proposing 4 unreinforced Concrete Armour Units:

ACCROPODE CORE-LOC ECOPODE ACCROPODE II

Invented in 1981 by SOGREAH

Invented in 1995 by the USACOE

Invented in 1996 by SOGREAH

Invented in 1999 by SOGREAH

Representing a total of more than 230 applications worldwide

CLI Single layer techniques

ACCROPODE II VS. ACCROPODE

ACCROPODE II VS. CORE-LOC

ACCROPODE II ADVANTAGES & CM

CLI is a subsidiary of SOGREAH located in Tours; France

ACCROPODE II VS. ACCROPODE

ACCROPODE II VS. CORE-LOC

ACCROPODE II ADVANTAGES & CM

CORE-LOC ADVANTAGES & CM

ACCROPODE II VS. ACCROPODE

ACCROPODE II VS. CORE-LOC

ACCROPODE II ADVANTAGES & CM

CORE-LOC ADVANTAGES & CM

Time and cost

ACCROPODE II vs. ACCROPODE

ACCROPODE II VS. ACCROPODE

ACCROPODE II VS. CORE-LOC

ACCROPODE II ADVANTAGES & CM

CORE-LOC ADVANTAGES & CM

Time and cost

ACCROPODE II vs. CORE-LOC

ACCROPODE II VS. ACCROPODE

ACCROPODE II VS. CORE-LOC

ACCROPODE II ADVANTAGES & CM

CORE-LOC ADVANTAGES & CM

CORE-LOC ADVANTAGES & CM

Installation and Maintenance

CORE-LOC ADVANTAGES & CM

Construction Methods (CM)

ACCROPODE II VS. ACCROPODE

ACCROPODE II VS. CORE-LOC

ACCROPODE II ADVANTAGES & CM

CORE-LOC ADVANTAGES & CM

Construction Methods (CM)

CORE-LOC ADVANTAGES & CM

MAIN CASTING SPECIFICATIONS . Mould preparation:

Base waterproofing: levelled sand bed

Half-mould (shell) set in place in place

Vibration: 2 or 3 inches poker external vibrators not advised

Construction Methods (CM)

CORE-LOC ADVANTAGES & CM

Mould Striking min Rc7d: 4m3

6MPa min 7MPa min 10MPa min

4- Cleaning and form oiling

Construction Methods (CM)

CORE-LOC ADVANTAGES & CM

Construction Methods (CM)

CORE-LOC ADVANTAGES & CM

Construction Methods (CM)

CORE-LOC ADVANTAGES & CM

TRANSPORT OF ACCROPODE II BY DECK BARGE

CLI Single layer techniques