WATER SAMPLING

INTRODUCTION:

Water is very importance in our daily life, however not all water is safe for human. Many different industries submit water samples for testing. This also including domestic waste from our house in order to improve the water quality. The correct water sampling technique is be teach to student after they be given to a few small group it is importance to ensure water samples in condition where all data that we obtain is accurate. The group is be given to a few site to take water for sampling by using few apparatus such as sampling bottle, well bailer, grab sampler and other. Student must take the water by using the apparatus and the water must be store into the sampling bottle. This can teach the student how to use the apparatus in correct procedure .the student is given the different site therefore they must know the correct apparatus to use for take water. Besides a lot of equipment that are used. Each instrument is also different ways to take water samples and different places. For examples, to take samples of water flowing like a river, is a tool that can be used is Sediment Sampler. While to check the depth of a well, the tools used are Water Level Indicators. In addition there are many other tools such as Well Bailer, Current Flow Meter, Secchi Disk, and so on. Its accordance with the place and manner of use.

OBJECTIVE:
Introduce to student how to use the apparatus Teach the student about discipline in laboratory To practice water sampling technique for environment engineering laboratory The correct water sampling will be teach to student Introduce the student to site and environment Plant the responsible spirit among the student Introduce the student to apparatus that has been use To study the correct steps or how to take sample of water. To learn the right methods or technique in procedure of water sampling technique. To learn on how to use all the equipment and their function that involves in water sampling technique.

THEORY:
Water sampling technique is important to ensure that the water is in good condition and the data is accurate. With the right technique sampling, can reduce data errors and to conserve water if necessary brought to the laboratory for experiment. Water sampling techniques seems to be a simple procedure, However anytime a small sample is with draw form a larger body of water, there is a potential for error. Most major error in water quality analysis are caused by poor sampling techniques. When sampling is inadequate or not representative, water treatment decisions will based on inaccurate information. It is essential to be particularly careful to obtain representative samples from the water source, use the proper sampling technique for that source and preserve samples until they are analyzed.

APPARATUS
First week experiment apparatus EQUIPMENT EXPLAINATION To use any of our bailers, simply lower them into your well with bailer twine. When the bailer hits the water, the check ball at the bottom of the bailer gets unseated, allowing water to flow in. When you stop the bailers descent and start bringing it back up to the surface, the check ball gets reseated, trapping the water inside. To put a water sample taken in a study looking at the bottle before doing experiments.

Water level indicator serves to indicate the water level from where we are. This tool has a sensor that can produce sound when the senses reach the water surface. Reading are recorded after the indicator touch the water surface.

The sediment sampler is used to collect discrete, uncontaminated samples of sediment or macro algae utilizing the threefunction manipulator on a ROV system.

Used to label the experimental materials.

It purpose is protection of the hands while performing tasks involving chemicals. Rubber gloves are worn during dishwashing to protect the hands from detergent and allow the use of hotter water. Sometimes caregivers will use rubber gloves during the diaper changing process to prevent contact with the child's fecal material/urine. Health professionals use medical gloves rather than rubber gloves when performing surgical operations.

Second week experiment apparatus. EQUIPMENT EXPLAINATION To put a water sample taken in a study looking at the bottle before doing experiments.

To take the water sample from the station.

Used to label the experimental materials.

It purpose is protection of the hands while performing tasks involving chemicals. Rubber gloves are worn during dishwashing to protect the hands from detergent and allow the use of hotter water. Sometimes caregivers will use rubber gloves during the diaper changing process to prevent contact with the child's fecal material/urine. Health professionals use medical gloves rather than rubber gloves when performing surgical operations.

PROCEDURE:
First week: 1. The objective of the water sampling exercise was noted. The hydrological and land use characteristic in the study area was observed and noted. The significant hazards present at the study site was noted and wrote down. The appropriate sampling stations for water quality analysis was selected. The visual inspection of the site was performed. 2. The mouth of the bag / bottle upstream was pointed and hands was put downstream to avoid contamination in sampling from a body of running water. 3. The faucet was ran for 1 minutes before obtaining a sample in sampling from a water faucet. 4. Suitable water sampling equipment was taken and sampling the water sample used correct instruction and methods. 5. The sample was placed in a clean bottle sample and labeled as a bottle. The other water sample in different location was taken and the sample in a bottle labeled was stored. 6. Bag / bottle was filled as full as possible. The bottle was half-filled to leaves more room for oxygen which will promote degradation of the sample. 7. The bag / bottle was rinsed twice with the sample water prior to filling and closing.

Second week: 1. The suitable apparatus was taken. 2. Then, the group went to the Administration Building to take a water sample. The suitable station was found which is drain where in front of the Administration Building. 3. The water grabber was used to take the water sample from the drain. 4. The water sample was poured into the clean bottle sample. 5. Went back to the laboratory.

DISCUSSION:
Based on water sample taken from the Administration Buildings area, we found that the water condition was not very clean and contaminated. This can happen because the drain was placed near the parking lot area which can affect the water condition. As example, the waste from the cars; such as engine oil, was easily flow into the drain. The color of the water was dark and oily condition. The grass which has been cut were not conducted appropriately, then the grass waste affect the drain. Next, the water also produced an unpleasant odour. This can cause people around the Administration Buildings feel uncomfortable.

CONCLUSION:
At the end of this experiment, we can do experiments with water sampling techiniques and using a right tools. Sampling water techniques is importance to ensure water samples in ad condition where all data that we obtain accurate. Besides, the correct water sampling technniques will reduces data error and will well preserved the water samples in the contorol condition especially when we do ex situ experiment which need us to brings back all the waters samples to laboratory. In water sampling tehniques , we willl able to undergo the water sampling process follow the Standard Methods of Examination Water and Wastewater.

REFERENCE:

Sampling And Sample Preparation For Field And Laboratory J.Pawliszyn Elsevier Science B.V, 2002

Simplified Procedures For Water Examination Carol Magin Stearns Copyright, 2002 American Water

NPDES Storm Water Sampling Guidance Document C.K. Smoley Direct All Inquiries to CRC Press 2000 Corporate, 1993