Resperation
Resperation
Resperation
2 types of energy:
1. Stored Chemical energy 2. Heat energy
Uses of heat:
1. Maintains a steady body temperature for animals (mammals and birds
Aerobic respiration
C6 H12 O6 + 6O2 = 6CO2 + 6H20 + (+energy ATP-) Aerobic respiration happens in plants, animals, humans and other organisms. How does the process of respiration happen? In a cell, during respiration , glucose is oxidised very gradually in a series of small controlled reactions. The reactions are controlled by enzymes. Most energy is released when it is combined with oxygen. This is called oxidation.
Anaerobic Respiration
Difference: 1. Glucose is partially broken down 2. Less energy is released. ADVANTAGE: Occurs in situation where oxygen is short in supply DISADVANTAGE: 1. Converts much less of the energy stored in the food into a form of chemical energy that the cell can use. 2. Produces toxic waste products (lactic acid, ethanol) Examples in anaerobic respiration: Yeast cells and muscle cells Whats yeast?
Yeast is a singles celled fungi. Used for commercial processes in making: 1. Beer 2. Wine 3. Baked bread How are they made? 1. The yeast cells are prevented from getting oxygen. 2. They stop respiring aerobically and anaerobically instead 3. When this happens, glucose is partially broken down into Carbon Dioxide and Ethanol (Alcohol) Ethanol: It's alcohol and used for beer and wine. Carbon Dioxide: The gas helps bread rise when baked Properties of Ethanol: Ethanol burns to produce a lot of heat so it contains large amounts of stored chemical energy. MUSCLE CELLS: 1. Muscle cells anaerobically respire when they are short of oxygen; when they perform a burst exercise, overworking their muscles. 2. This is because the bloodstream cannot travel fast enough to deliver enough oxygen for aerobic respiration. 3. Glucose is then partially broken down into lactic acid.
Lactic acid sent to the liver .Oxygen breaks it down into carbon dioxide and water
Oxygen Debt: the volume of oxygen required to fully oxidize the lactic acid that is build up in the body during anaerobic respiration. (write equations)
During exercise, the muscle cells respire more than they do at rest. This means that:
Oxygen and glucose must be delivered to them more quickly Waste carbon dioxide must be removed more quickly
Why is respiration essential? Without respiration, you wouldnt have energy to do all your physical activities and survive.
ATP:. It is a molecule that stores all the energy that comes from foods. It is present in every cell