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    RC

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    luchi_babez
    physics

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    RC

    Uploaded by

    luchi_babez
    28 views10 pages
    physics

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    physics

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    28 views10 pages

    RC

    Uploaded by

    luchi_babez
    physics

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
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    United Arab Emirates University College of Engineering Physics Department (Physics & App. II (1 !

    Submitted to:

    "ames

    ID "#mber

    1. $b%ective&
    Experimental determination of the time constant of an RC circuit by a changing the capacitor C through a resistance R. Experimental determination of the time constant of an RC circuit by a changing the capacitor C through a resistance R. Compare the experimental value of the time constant with the theoretical value = RC and find the percentage error.

    . 'heory&
    Charging a capacitor thro#gh a resistance (&

    Consider the circuit shown:

    Q = C Vo ( 1 - e-t/RC) V = Q/C -t/RC V = Vo ( 1 - e ) = RC V = Vo ( 1 - e-t/T) =t V = Vo ( 1 - e-1) = Vo (1- 0.37) = 0.63Vo

    Discharging a capacitor thro#gh a resistance (&

    Consider the circuit shown:

    Q = Qo e-t/ I = Io e-t/T =t I = 0.37Io In I = In Io t/

    ). E*#ipments&
    1. #. &. ". .. !. 3. attery !."1 volts. $wo%way switch. 'vometer (n)nown resistance R *1+ ), or #+ ),-. /nown capacitor C *#+++ 0. .+++ 12-. high impedance voltmeter. 4top watch.

    +. E,perimental Proced#re&
    1. Connect the circuit as shown in figure 1.
    #.

    5hen the switch / is open6 measure the potential difference 7o across the battery using a high impedence voltmeter.

    &. Close the switch / and simultaneously start the stop watch6 then record the values. ". Connect the circuit as shown in figure &. .. Close the two%way switch 4 in position 1. $he capacitor C is now charged. Close the two was switch 4 in position # and and simultaneously start the stop watch6 then record the values.

    (es#lts and Disc#ssion&


    PA(' 1&Charging a capacitor C thro#gh a resistance (& 7o = !."1 7 R = ## ), C = ##++ x 1+%! 2

    t ( e#)
    ..& ..83 !..! 3."! 3.3 9.. 1+ 11.3 1...& 18.!# #8.! .!.&

    V ($olt)
    +.. 1 1.. # #.. & &.. " ".. . ... !

    V = 0.63 Vo = 6.41(0.63) = 4.0383 Volt theo= RC = (22,000)*( 2200 *10^-6 ) = 48.4 1 = 11.!!33"8

    PA(' & -or )../0 Discharging a capacitor C thro#gh a resistance (&

    :o = 1!# x 1+%! '


    t ( e#)
    10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150
    %$ .t
    0.000120 0.000100 0.000080 % (&) 0.000060 0.000040 0.000020 0.000000 0 20 40 60 80 t ( e#) 100 120 140 160

    % (&)
    0.00010510 0.00007800 0.00006210 0.00005210 0.00004420 0.00003740 0.00003160 0.00002690 0.00002290 0.00001950 0.00001660 0.00001420 0.00001210 0.00001020 0.00000870

    % = 0.3" %o = 0.3" * 162 = '!.! ( 10-6 & (2.16 - 4.6' )) (1'0 * 10) = - 1 ) + '6.2 + e(, = (+1 - +2) ) 2 +2 = +e(, = 34.1

    .e/#e0t12e e//o/ 3= (theo - e(,) ) theo *100 2!.'3 = 100*( 48.4 )(34.1 -48.4)) =

    .. 'he so#rces of error&


    1. ;aybe some voltages lost between the wires6 because the wires also have resistence6 but we ignored it in the calculations. #. ;aybe when we were using the stop watch6 it had some errors in the time. &. $he reading of the voltage was not accurate in the same time we too) the reading of the voltages.

    /. Comments&
    2rom this e<uation = RC6 we can notice that= 1. $he relation between the time constant and the resistence R is linear relationship. #. $he relation between the time constant and the capacitor C is linear relationship. &. $he relation between the resistence R and the capacitor C is inversed relationship.

    1. Concl#sion&
    'ctually in this experiment we learned about time constant 6 and how to determine it for charging )nown capacitor C through un)nown resistance R6 and discharging )nown capacitor C through un)nown resistance R.

    2#estions&
    13 4(5.4C56 7.-6 ( v 8 A 9 C 8 v : 6 C 8 A 6 C 8 ( C 8 s : 6 s

    3 ;es< at time constant< 06!./)0o and =e have the val#e of 0o already< so =e can notice that the variation of 0 in the voltmeter #ntil it become !./) 0o and record the val#e of t at that time =hich =ill be >.

    )3 ;es< at time constant< I6!.)1 Io and =here I is the initial the of c#rrent thro#gh the capacitor. ?hen the ammeter reading become !.)1 Io< the corresponding val#e of t =ill be the time constant >.

    10

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