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Protection Relay Standard

This document provides specifications for various protection relays and their functions. It outlines the thermal ratings and operating ranges for protection relays. It also lists the standard protection functions for different relay codes like 50/51, 67, 27/59, 81 and their operating times and settings ranges according to standards. Additional details are given for distance protection functions like 21/21N including features like directional earth fault protection, switch on to fault blocking and power swing blocking. Conditions for lockout of auto reclosing and calculation of charging current in transmission lines are also included.

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873 views

Protection Relay Standard

This document provides specifications for various protection relays and their functions. It outlines the thermal ratings and operating ranges for protection relays. It also lists the standard protection functions for different relay codes like 50/51, 67, 27/59, 81 and their operating times and settings ranges according to standards. Additional details are given for distance protection functions like 21/21N including features like directional earth fault protection, switch on to fault blocking and power swing blocking. Conditions for lockout of auto reclosing and calculation of charging current in transmission lines are also included.

Uploaded by

Thirumal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1

TMSS STANDARD
PROTECTION RELAY
Thermal Current Rating of the Relay
Fault Current Range Duration
4In Continuous
30In For 10s
100In For 1s

NGSA Standard And Basic Range Of Relay
Relay Code Application
Standard
Min Operating Time Range Standard
50/51
Non-Dir
O/C
20ms
High Set0.01-4In(0.01)
Low Set 1-40 In(0.05)
IEC 60255-151 2009
DMT/IDMT
50/51N Non-Dir E/F 20ms
HS 0.1-2 In(0.01)
LS(0.1-20 In (0.01)
IEC 60255-151 2009
DMT/IDMT
67 Dir 3 O/C 20ms
High Set0.01-4In(0.01)
Low Set 1-40 In(0.05)
RCA(-600 TO +600)
IEC 60255-151 2009
DMT/IDMT
27/59 &
59N
UV/OV - 0.05-1.2 Vn (0.01) IEC 60255-127: 2010
81 OF/UF - 0.9-1.2 Fn (0.001) -
51BF /
51NBF
CBF/BFP - 0.1-2 In (0.01) -
87L Lin. Diff - 0.05 2 In (0.01) IEC 60255-121:2014
21/21N Distance One Cycle (Z1) X/R 30 IEC 60255-121:2014
87T Traf-Diff
20ms @ 200% Pick
Up Current
0.05-2 In(0.01) IEC 60255-13 : 1980
64REF REF 20ms 0.01-2 In (0.01) IEC 60255-13 : 1980
87B
Low
Impedance
BB-Dif
- 0.01-2 In (0.01) -
87B
High
Impedance
BB-Dif
- 0.01-2 In (0.01) -
Operation Function
Code Protection Operation Function
37 Under Current
Under current protection operating disappearing or
sinking Current Flow
This may be happened by switching operation and or by
falling loads or supply
46
Phase
Unbalance
This Protection shall detect the unbalance currents with
two levels start and operate
The phase unbalance protection function shall be able to
detect the unsymmetrical feeder Voltages

2

51BF/51NBF
Breaker
Failure
Protection
The circuit breaker Failure protection shall be initiated by
trip signal from any protection function. The initiation
signal can be external through binary input or internally.
Where single pole tripping is applied, the breaker Failure
protection shall be phase segregated.
87L
Line
Differential
The fibre optic core shall be provided for communication.
An extra redundant full duplex 2.0 Mbit/Sec Channels
shall be provided for unit protection which shall
essentially be synchronized through the GPS system and
inter tripping through the telecom network
21/21N Distance
It shall be provided with 5 distance zones and selectable
Quadrature and Mho characteristics and shall have
independent zone reach setting. Each zone shall be
adjustable for forward or reverse looking
The protection shall support parallel line and load current
compensation features
Single phase, sensitive, for directional comparison earth
fault protection for high resistance ground faults using
permissive scheme using tele protection scheme via fibre
optics, with echo back feature for open end line and
weak in feed and permissive over reach features
SOTF feature shall initiate 3-phase instantaneous tripping
and block the auto reclosing relay
The distance protection shall be provided with VT fuse
failure blocking internally or via binary input signal
Power swing blocking scheme provided and it shall be
quadrilateral
The ground fault protection of all zones shall be provided
with residual compensation or both positive and zero
sequence resistance and reactance independently
settable for each zones
The operating time of zone-1 protection shall not be
unduly increased due to CVT transients.
The transient performance CVT as per IEC 61869-5: 2011
shall provide protection stability & security for close-in
faults in both directions.

79 Auto Reclose
This function only applicable for overhead lines/feeders,
it shall be blocked for underground cable line/feeders
The thermal overload and switch on to fault protection
function shall be settable to block the auto reclosing
function if operated and unblock AR function when
resettled
The three pole AR function shall be released by a
syncrochek signal internally from incorporated
synchrochek function or externally via binary input signal

87T Trafo Diff

3

The distance protection scheme shall include but not limited to the following additional
functions/features as shown in table
Addition Features of distance protection
No Addition Features
1 It shall be provided with sensitive directional earth fault function for high resistive fault
2 Switch on to fault features external triggering(SOTF)
3 Voltage circuit supervision
4 Power Swing blocking function(with selectable zones)
5 Out of step tripping function for facilitating islanding I case of requirement

Inter Tripping scheme in Distance Protection
No Inter Tripping Schemes
1 Permissive Under reach scheme
2 Permissive Over reach scheme
3 Overreach Blocking scheme
4 Zone-1 Extension Scheme
5 Basic 3-zone distance
6 Weak-In-Feed and echo back feature

Condition of Auto recloser to lockout the CB
No Case or Condition for lockout of CB closing
1 Unsuccessful Auto reclosing
2 Close time out and the Circuit Breaker did not close
3 A new shot is initiated during the discrimination time
4 The protection trip signal has been active longer than the dead time

Charging Current Calculation!
Charging current Ic = 2 x pi x f x C x V

Where f is the frequency of the supply
C is the Capacitance of the line
V is the voltage of the line

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