Mark Scheme (Results)

January 2013



International GCSE
Physics (4PH0) Paper 2P

Edexcel Level 1/Level 2 Certificate
Physics (KPH0) Paper 2P


























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January 2013
Publications Code UG034772
All the material in this publication is copyright
Pearson Education Ltd 2013


Question
number
Answer Accept Reject Marks
1 (a)
Type of
radiation
Charge Source
Alpha particle (+)2
Unstable
nucleus
Beta particle - 1
Unstable
nucleus
Gamma ray 0
Unstable
nucleus


++

Unstable nuclei


-2
2
(As shown)
2 ;
Unstable nucleus;



Question
number
1 (b)
(c) (i)
(ii)

Any three of:

MP1 - Idea th
penetrate (en
e.g. alpha pa
{aluminium /

MP2 - Idea th
penetrative;
e.g. gamma r
unaffected}

MP3 - Idea th
through the f
e.g. not all of

MP4 - Idea of
and absorptio
e.g. thinner a
particles


both 90 and 3

B (the numbe

Answe

hat alpha parti
nough);
rticles absorbe
/ foil / a few cm
hat gamma ray
rays {are not
hat some beta
foil;
f the beta part
f a correlation
on;
aluminium abs

39 for mark
er of protons i
er
cles would no
ed / stopped b
m air / paper /
ys would be to
absorbed / are
particles will
ticles are abso
between thick
sorbs fewer be
ncreases);
t
by
/ card}
oo
e
pass
orbed
kness
ta
Ign
dan

All
exp
pen
abs

No
wo
pro
is c

Acc
will

Acc
alu
for








Accept
nore reference
nger or harm
ideas may be
pressed in term
netration or
sorption.
need to see th
rd aluminium
ovided the mea
clear.
cept paper or c
l stop alpha fo
cept compariso
minium thickn
MP4
s to


ms of
he
m,
aning
card
or MP1
ons of
ness





Reject
To
Marks
3
1
1
otal 7


Question
number
Answer Accept Reject Marks
2 (a) Any one of
Reduced (running) costs;
No atmospheric pollution / CO
2
;

Renewable (resource);


No polluting emissions
No greenhouse gases

Cleaner (only if
qualified)

The wind is free
No costs

1


Question
number
Answer Accept Reject Marks
2 (b) Up to two points about each of unreliability,
environmental issues, site choice, maintenance
difficulties, data use, or cost.
1 mark per point to a maximum 4 marks

Unreliability -
the wind does not always blow (at the right speed);
the turbine does not always provide output OR a
back-up generator is needed;
Environmental effects -
spoils the view OR is noisy;
(construction) destroys habitats OR a hazard to
flying birds;
Site choice
a large site is needed;
a windy site is needed;
Maintenance difficulties
need to work in remote location (usually);
need to work in a hazardous location e.g at height /
sea;
Data use
one turbine produces less power than a power
station;
need many/800 turbines to give same output as
coal-fired;
Cost
building a wind farm needs much money / time;
other costs for research / land / maintenance;

Accept appropriate
reverse arguments in
terms of the suitability of
coal-fired power stations

Ignore comments about
efficiency or cost
effectiveness





4

Total 5



Question number Answer Accept Reject Marks
3 (a) (i) 5.1





1

(ii) Suitable scale chosen (>50% of grid used);
Axes labelled with quantities and units;
Plotting to nearest half square (minus one for each
plotting / error);;
Line of best fit acceptable;

Sample graph:

















Ignore 6 bands point
Line below points
2,5 and above points
1,3,4

Ecf from (a)(i) e.g.
an appropriate curve

Orientation of axes
unimportant
5

1 0.6
2 2.0
3 2.4
4 3.4
5 4.7
6 (5.1)


Question
number
Answer Accept Reject Marks
3 (a) (iii) Any two of

It is a straight line;
Gradient / slope / correlation is positive;
Line does / doesnt pass through origin;
Idea of correlated variables, e.g. direct / indirect
proportionality [depending on projection to the origin],
length increases with number of bands;
Ecf from
(a)(i)/(ii)
Related
statement e.g.
curve, line
forced through
origin or
mention of
anomaly



2
(b) 3.2 0.1 (cm) ; ;


Sample working:












Allow evidence
of two readings
from scale for
one mark, e.g.
subtraction
(22.3 - 9.1) or
appropriate
drawing on the
photograph


Direct measurement
of photograph with a
ruler

2


Question
Number
Answer Accept Reject Marks
3 (c) Responses may refer to measuring the length of either
object (the chain or the single paperclip from
photographs A and B)



Any two of:
Either object -
parallel with scale;
closer to scale;
use fiducial mark e.g. a set square;
take parallax into account;
Minimise effect of friction on stretched chain;
Remove paperclip from chain for measurement;
Ignore:
repetition,
measuring
paperclip from
zero


Allow sensible
equipment
changes, e.g.
more precise
scale, using
stiffer paperclips
/ links


2
Total 12


Question
number
Answer Accept Reject Marks
4 Any three of:
the air is warmed / heated (by the hot rocks);
air expands / molecules move apart;
air becomes less dense;
hot air rises;
cooler air (from sides) displaces warm air;
(at height) air cools / contracts / becomes more
dense;
cooled air falls;
process is repeated;

Correct points in any
order

Same ideas expressed
in different words

Same ideas expressed
in labelled additions to
the diagram

It for air

3
Total 3




Question
number
Answer Accept Reject Marks
5 (a) (i) Substitution;
Calculation;
e.g. m x g = 0.454 x 10
= 4.54 (N)

2
(ii) Centre of gravity;

Centre of mass; 1
(b) (i) force upwards;

from top of nail;
Near vertical by
eye

In line with F
2

2
(ii) Any two from:
increase F
1
OR increase force (from hand);

Increase d
1
OR increase distance of hand from pivot;

Keep F
1
perpendicular to hammer;


use two hands

use longer
handle
use longer
hammer


Ignore:
references to d
2

distance from
nail to pivot
idea of bigger
[rather than
longer] hammer
2
Total 7

Question
number
Answer Accept Reject Marks
6 (a) (i) (Signal has) two values;

Only;
On or off, 0 or 1,
two signal strengths

Binary
2
(ii) Any two of
The idea of increased frequency (of wave or
modulation);


The idea of regeneration (allowing more data to
arrive);
The idea of using increased bandwidth;
The idea of using additional (signal) level;
The idea of multiplexing (e.g. use more than one
channel);



send more bits/sparks,
send morse code more
quickly, send other
letters


The response should
be about the signal, so
ignore:
idea of just sending a
longer message
using optical fibre(s)



2

(b) (i) (wave) speed = frequency x wavelength

v = f x (accept
rearrangements)



1

(ii) Substitution;
Calculation;
e.g.: 820 000 x 366
= 300 120 000 or 300 000 000 or 3 x 10
8
(m/s)
Bald answer;;
Power of ten error (for
1 mark) e.g. 300 000
m/s
Alternative correct
units (for 2 marks) e.g.
300 000 km /s
2


Question
number
Answer Accept Reject Marks
6 (c) 183 (m);

1
(d) Any three of:

MP1 Electrons move OR there is a current Or
negative charge moves;
MP2 (Discharge) to earth OR across cloud OR to
named object tree, house, lightning conductor;
MP3 Air conducts;
MP4 Phenomenon e.g. thunder clap / lightning;
Sparks generate radio
waves;
Lightning causes
(radio) interference;
Correct reference to
electrostatic attraction
/ repulsion ;
3
Total 11


Question
number
Answer Accept Reject Marks
7

(a) B

1

(b) (i) Word equation or
V
p
I
p
= V
s
I
s
;
V
p
/V
s
= I
s
/I
p
or V
s
/V
p

= I
p
/I
s
or I
1
V
1
= I
2
V
2



1
(ii) Correct equation substituted OR rearranged;
Answer;
Vp/Vs = Is/Ip or Vs/Vp = Ip/Is
e.g. 230 x 0.25 = 12 x I
s
, so I
s
= (230 x
0.25) 12
= 4.8 (A)

Bald answer;;



4.79 (A) , 4.792 (A)



2

(c) Two of

MP1 Idea of energy / power lost;
MP2 Idea of efficiency 100%;
MP3 Idea of less available
energy/power/voltage/current;
MP4 Idea of resistance increasing (with
temperature);

2
Total 6



Question
number
Answer Accept Reject Marks
8 (a) Area under the graph (from 0 s to 3 s) ;

6 x 3 or 18 (m);
area shaded on graph



1

(b) (i) Momentum = mass x velocity;

p= m x v ;
accept rearrangements
1
(ii) Substitution in correct equation;
Calculation;
e.g. 6.4 x 6
= 38.4
kg m/s ;




Ns;
3


Question
number
Answer Accept Reject Marks
8 (c) (i) 4.8 (m/s) ;

1
(ii) Idea that momentum is conserved;
Substitution;
Calculation;

e.g.
p
1
= p
2
/ m
1
x v
1
= (m
1
+ m
2
) x v
2
6.4 x 6 = (6.4 + m
2
) x 4.8

m
2
= (38.4 4.8) 6.4 = 8 6.4
= 1.6 (kg)
Allow e.c.f. from
incorrect momentum
calculation in (b)(ii)
and /or incorrect
velocity reading

e.g.:
Idea of conservation of
momentum;
m
2
= [(b)(ii) (c)(i)]
6.4 ;
correct evaluation of
this;

e.g. 5 m/s 1.28 kg

Allow for one mark - A
calculation that only
leads to total mass
e.g. = 8 kg;
3
Total 9































































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Order Code UG034772 January 2013


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