Tyba

Publishers Note
The University of Pune has great pleasure

in publishing the syllabus for the T.Y.B.A. Examination
under the Faculty of Arts and Fine Arts.
It is hoped that this syllabus will be most useful
to the students of this course.
On behalf of the University, I thank the experts
and authorities of the University for their keen interest
and whole-hearted co-operation in bringing out this
publication.
University of Pune Dr. D. D. Deshmukh
Ganeshkhind, Pune-411007. Registrar
T.Y.B.A. / 3
CONTENTS
Subject Pages
Introduction and General Rules .. 5
1. Compulsory English .. 17
2. Marathi .. 18
3. Gujarathi .. 33
4. Urdu .. 34
5. Sindhi .. 38
6. Hindi .. 39
7. English .. 87
8. Sanskrit .. 108
9. Persian .. 111
10. Arabic .. 114
11. French .. 115
12. German .. 119
13. Russian .. 128
14. Pali .. 129
15. Ardhamagadhi .. 130
16. Philosophy .. 132
17. Psychology .. 141
18. Education .. 164
19. History .. 169
20. Music .. 181
21. Ancient Indian History, Culture
and Archaeology .. 205
22. Economics .. 208
23. Politics .. 233
24. Sociology .. 244
25. Geography .. 255
26. Linguistics .. 281
27. Defence & Strategic Studies .. 282
28. History of Civilization .. 295
T.Y.B.A. / 4
Subject Pages
29. Logic .. 297
30. Gandhian Thought .. 300
31. Home Economics .. 303
32. Anthropology .. 312
33.
34. Applied Mathematics .. 321
35. Industrial Mathematics .. 328
36. Statistics .. 338
37. Mathematical Statistics .. 355
38. Applied Statistics .. 362
39. Mathematical Pre-Requisites .. 367
40. Statistical Pre-Requisites .. 369
41. Commerce .. 371
42. . +'+. .. 373
43. Social Work .. 375
44. Public Administration .. 380
45. Home Science .. 384
46. Adult Education .. 391
47. N.S.S. .. 399
48. ..'+ ' .. 402
T.Y.B.A. / 5
UNIVERSITY OF PUNE
Syllabi for the Three-Year Integrated B.A. Degree Course
Third Year B.A.
The B.A. degree course will consist of three years. The
first year annual examination shall be held at the end of the
First Year. The second year annual examination shall be held
at the end of the second year. The third year annual examination
shall be held at the end of the third year.
(i) No candidate shall be admitted to enter upon the
First Year B.A. Course unless he has passed the
higher secondary school certificate examination of
the Maharashtra State Board of Higher Secondary
Education or an equivalent examination of any other
statutory Board or University with English as a
passing Subject.
(ii) No candidate shall be admitted to the annual
examination of the second year B.A. unless he has
kept two terms satisfactorily for the same at the
college affiliated to this University.
(iii) No candidate shall be admitted to the annual
examination of the second year B.A. unless he has
kept two terms satisfactorily for the same at the
college affiliated to this University.
(iv) No candidate shall be admitted to third year
examination of the B.A. Course unless he has passed
in all the paper at the first year B.A. Examination
and has satisfactorily kept the terms for the second
year and also two terms for the third year of B.A.
satisfactorily in a college affiliated to this University.
T.Y.B.A. / 6
Bachelor of Arts (B.A.)
(1) The student joining the First Year B.A. Course shall offer
six subjects as follows :
(i) The student can offer not more than one subject
from one group.
(ii) Subject in Group A is compulsory.
(iii) The student has to offer at least one language from
Group B or Group C or Group J.
(iv) The student may offer one more subject from Group
B of Group C subject to (i) above.
The student may offer optional English From Group J
alone or in coursination with one language From other Group
B or Group C
Group A .. Compulsory English
Group B .. Marathi, French, German, Sindhi,
Gujarathi, Urdu, Russian.
Group C .. Hindi, Persian, Sanskrit, Ardhamagadhi,
Pali, Arabic.
Group D .. Economics.
Group E .. Politics.
Group F .. History, Cultural Anthropology.
Group G .. Logic and Methodology of Science,
Geography, Music, Public
Administration.
Group H .. Psychology, Gandhian Thoughts, Yoga.
Group I .. History of Civilization, Home
Economics, Defence Studeies, Social
Work.
T.Y.B.A. / 7
Group J .. Liguistics, Commerces, Education,
Industrial Mathematics, Mathematical
Statistics, Optional English.
Group K .. Mathematics, Statistical Pre-requisites,
Sociology, Philosophy.
Group L .. Statistics, Applied Mathematics,
Mathematical Pre-requisites, Applied
Statistics, Ancient Indian History and
Culture.
Group M .. N.S.S., Adult Education.
(II) In the second year, the student shall decide whether he
wants to study for the B.A. (General) or the B.A. (Special)
degree:
(a) (i) The student studying for the B.A. (General)
Degree shall study the following subjects
in the Second Year :
(1) Compulsory English.
(2-6) Same five subjects offered in the First
Year.
(ii) The student studying for the B.A. (General)
in the Third Year :
(2-6) Same five subjects offered in the First
and Second Years.
(b) (i) The student studying for the B.A. (Special)
in the Second Year :
T.Y.B.A. / 8
(2-4) One paper each at General level of the
three subjects chosen out of the five subjects
offered in the First Year.
(5-6) Two papers at Special level of one
subject chosen as a Special Subject out of
the three subjects offered at General level.
(ii) The student studying for the B.A. (Special)
in the Third Year :
(2-4) One Paper each at General Level of the
three subjects offered in the Second Year.
(5-6) Two Papers at the Special level of the
subject chosen as a special subject in the
Second Year.
(c) Normally, students are not allowed to change the
subject at the second or third year offered by him
at the first year. However, as a very special case,
a student may be allowed to offer a special subject
at the second year even though he may not have
offered the same at the first year. In such case he
should have passed his first year examination in all
the papers and he will have to complete the first
year paper in that new subject at the second year
before he goes to the third year. No change of
subject will be allowed at the Third Year.
T.Y.B.A. / 9
(III) Examinations :
(1) There shall be examination at the end of the First
Year which shall be called Annual Examination.
The Annual Examination of each subject will be of
100 marks.
(2) The Annual Examination will be of three hours
duration.
College where the practical examination
centre is located will take the responsibility of
arranging the practical examinations.
Practical Examination
(3) The practical examination will be of 100 marks
will be held only at the end of the year. There shall
be no Term End Practical examination. The
practical examination wherever laid down will be
conducted before the commencement of the Annual
(Theory) Examination. For Practice of appointing
both internal examiners will continue.
For practical examination at second and third
year B.Sc. both the examiners will be external.
The College where the practical examination centre
is located, will take the responsibility of
arranging the practical examination.
(IV) Standard of Passing :
(1) The candidate who has secured at least 40 marks
out of 100 in the Annual examination shall be
declared to have passed in the paper.
(2) The candidate failing to secure 40 marks in the
Annual examination shall have to appear for
subsequent Annual examination in that paper.
T.Y.B.A. / 10
(3) The University shall conduct the Supplementary
Annual Examination in October for Third Year
papers only for the repeater student so as to enable
him to save some time.
(4) The students having the backlog of subject or
subjects of the Second Year will be required
to clear the same only in the next April/May
Examination.
(V) Award of Class :
The class should be awarded to the student on the
aggregate marks obtained by him at the First Year
Examination. And, in respect of B.A. & B.Com.
Degree on the aggregate marks in the Second Year
and Third Year Examination and in respect of award
of class shall be as follows :
(1) Aggregate 70% and above..First Class with dist.
(2) Aggregate 60% and above..First Class
(3) Aggregate 55% and more..Higher Second Class
but less than 60%
(4) Aggregate 50% and more..Second Class
but less than 60%
(5) Aggregate 40% and more..Pass Class
but less than 50%
(6) Below 40%.. Fail
University Terms : The dates for the commencement and
conclusion of the first and the second terms shall be determined
by the University authorities. The terms can be kept by only
duly admitted student. The present relevant ordinances
pertaining to grant of terms will be applicable.
(iii) A candidate shall have the option of answering the
question in any of the subjects other than languages either in
Marathi or in English.
T.Y.B.A. / 11
(iv) In the case of languages, question shall be answered
in the media as indicated below except those questions which
require translation into particular language.
Languages Media
Sanskrit, Pali, Ardhamagadhi .. The same language or
English or Marathi
Persian .. Persian, Urdu or
English
Marathi, Gujarathi, Kannada, .. The same language.
Urdu, Hindi, English
French, German .. The same language or
English.
A candidete taking the courses for the B.A. first year or
second year examination as the case may be, may be permitted
by the Principal of the College to change any of the subjects
in the course selected by him for particular year before the
commencement of the second term. Such candidates are required
to pay Rs.10/- towards change of subject fees to the University.
Conditions : (i) A candidate who has been permitted to
enter upon the course for the second year B.A. examination
wishing to change his optional subject or subject or subjects
at the year examination in which he has failed shall be allowed
do so for that purpose. He will be required to keep two
additional terms, for the changed subject for the first year and
he will be required to appear and pass the subject by appearing
at the Annual examination for the changed subject.
(ii) The candidate after having kept regular terms for the
second year and admitted to third year will not be allowed
to change the subject of the second year or the third year.
T.Y.B.A. / 12
An application (which must be in the prescribed form
and accompanied by the prescribed fee) for admission to any
of the examinations of B.A. degree course shall be forwarded
by a candidate to the Registrar through the Principal of the
College attended by him on or before the prescribed date along
with the certificate from the Principal (1) of this having attended
the course and kept the terms according to provision of 0.67
and 0.72 in the various subjects and of having satisfied the
other conditions laid down by the University and (2) of his
being fit candidate for the examination.
(iii) No candidate shall be admitted to First Year of B.A.
examination for the first time unless he produces a certificate
from his Principal to the effect that he has attended at least
3/4th of the aggregate number of periods for physical training
or has been exempted therefrom on the ground that (1) he is
a member of the N.C.C. or (3) he has been regularly taking part
as a member of the college team in the recongnized fistures of
the major games.
The result of the first year examination shall be declared
publically in two categories viz. (1) the candidate who has
passed the first year examination and the candidate is allowed
to proceed to second year.
In case of candidates allowed to proceed to second year
course, the result of the first year examination shall be declared
if and when they pass in the remaining subjects prior to their
admission to the third year of the B.A.
A candidate who has passed in any other heads of
passing shall not be allowed to appear in that head.
An Ex-student shall be allowed on a fresh application
and payment of a fresh fee to appear at the subsequent
examination in those heads of passing in which he has failed
or in which he has previously not appeared without keeping
any additional term.
T.Y.B.A. / 13
A candidate who has failed at the B.A. degree examination
and wishes to re-appear with the change in subject for any
particular subject but in accordance with the bias of the subjects
at the first year will be required to keep the additional requisite
terms for the changed subject.
A candidate failing at the B.A. (Special) degree
examination shall have option of appearing at the B.A. General
degree examination subject to the provisions above. Such
candidates will be eligible for a class, a prize, a scholarship, a
medal or any other award.
A candidate failing at the B.A. (General) degree
examination shall have option of appearing at the B.A. Special
degree examination subject to above provision. Such candidates
shall be eligible for a class, a prize, a scholarship, a medal or
any other award.
A candidate who has once passed the B.A. general or
the B.A. special degree examination of this University shall be
permitted on the submission of fresh application and the
payment of fresh fee to appear again at the B.A. degree
examination.
(1) In any number of courses for one or two papers for
the B.A. general examination subject to bias of the papers at
the first year and provided he keeps four additional terms in
those subjects, (2) in the special papers, at the second year
and third year of a special subject at the B.A. Special
examination in which he has not already passed the B.A.
examination subject to bias of the subjects at the first year
provided he selects at his special subject one of the general
subjects he has offered at the B.A. general degree examination.
and
He keeps four additional terms for that special subject.
T.Y.B.A. / 14
A candidate appearing under this regulation will not be
eligible for a degree or a class or a prize or any other award.
A candidate passing in this manner shall be awarded a certificate
to that effect.
(i) A candidate who has once passed the B.A. Degree
examination of this University or an examination of any other
statutory University of Examining Body recognized as
equivalent thereof shall be allowed to appear again for he same
examination provided he offers the subject different from those
in which he has already passed and keeps four terms
in a college affiliated to this University. Such candidate will be
required to appear in a different subject or general subjects.
(ii) A candidate who takes the B.A. degree examination
in accordance with the provisions stated (i) above, shall not be
eligible for degree or class.
(iii) The external candidates appearing for different
subjects optional papers are not required to keep the terms in
the affiliated colleges. They are however, required to register
their names under above provisions afresh for the respective
year of examination.
No candidate shall be admitted to the first year of B.A.
external examination under 85 pattern unless he (1) has passed
the H.S.C. examination of the Maharashtra State Board or its
equivalent examination. (2) has registered himself as an external
candidate for the first year of the B.A. examination within the
prescribed time limit without late fees and with late fees of the
previous calendar year. No forms will be accepted in any case
after the prescribed time limit.
A candidate receiving an official intimation of registration
as an external candidate and wishing to appear for examination
in the subject concerned must forward to the Registrar his
application in the prescribed form together with the prescribed
fee for admission to the examination on or before the prescribed
date.
T.Y.B.A. / 15
The courses of study, the syllabi and the standard for
passing at the examination for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts
external shall be identical with those for the examination for the
degree of Bachelor of Arts but an external candidate shall not
offer for his examination any subjects which involve practical
work in a laboratory or keeping of journals or subjects notified
by the Registrar at the beginning of each academic year.
The external candidates are required to appear for the
annual examinations, the question paper will be of 80 marks
and mark obtained by the candidates will be converted into
marks obtained out of 100.
EXTERNAL CANDIDATE
(1) The registration as an external candidate for an
examination shall be open to (a) whose who are citizens of
India and residing within India in the academic year in which
they have applied for registration as an external student and
have passed qualifying examination of this University or of
any statutory University or of Body which (examination) has
been recognized by the Pune University for the purpose of
admission to its respective course. (b) The medium of
instructions shall be Marathi and English only. (c) Candidates
from outside Maharashtra State should produce at the time of
registration an endorsement certificate about their residence in
India and a certificate of service or carrying on business, from
a Magistrate not below the rank of First Class Judicial
Magistrate. (d) Foreigners are not allowed to register their
names for the external examinations of this University.
The candidates passing the B.Com. or B.Sc. examinations
of this University or any other statutory University can be
admitted to second year of B.A. Course. The result of such
candidates will be declared on the basis of the performance
at second and third year of the B.A. Course of this
University.
T.Y.B.A. / 16
When such candidate desires to register himself as an
external student, he may apply accordingly to the University
within the stipulated time and in the prescribed form.
The candidate who has completed first year or second
year of B.A. as an external student shall not be registered/
admitted as an internal student for the remaining part of the
course.
The student may offer Optional English from Group J
alone or in combination with one language from either Group
B or Group C, he shall not offer under any circumstances more
than two languages from Group B, C and J.
(1) Compulsory English
(1996-97, 1997-98, 1998-99)
Text Books for T.Y.B.A. Compulsory English General
English Paper-III, Special Paper-III and IV.
Compulsory English
(1) Animal Farm .. George Orwel (Orient Longman)
(2) Saint Joan .. (G.B.Shaw (Orient Longman)
(3) Success with Grammar and Composition (Units 2,
6, 9 and 12 only) :
K. R. Narayanswamy (Orient Longman)
T.Y.B.A. English Compulsory
Total marks : 100 (Duration 3 hours)
No. of Questions Five. All questions carry equal marks.
Q. 1. Saint Joan : Long Answer type (a,b, c)
Q. 2. Animal Farm : Long Answer type (a, b, c,)
Q. 3. (a) Saint Joan : Short note (one out of three).
(b) Animal Farm : Short note (one out of three).
Q. 4. Grammar Prescribed from 'Success with Grammar' by
Narayanswamy.
(a) Do as Directed (5 only)
(b) Fill in the Blanks (5 only)
(c) Transformation (5 only)
(d) Reported Speech (5 only)
Q. 5. Essay of about 500 words on any one of the given
topics.
OR
Precis WritingA Passage of about 450 words.
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T.Y.B.A. / 19
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T.Y.B.A. / 20
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T.Y.B.A. / 21
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T.Y.B.A. / 22
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T.Y.B.A. / 23
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T.Y.B.A. / 24
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T.Y.B.A. / 25
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T.Y.B.A. / 26
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T.Y.B.A. / 27
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T.Y.B.A. / 28
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T.Y.B.A. / 29
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.
20. A Course in Modern LinguisticsHocket.
21. A General LinguisticsRobins R. W.
22. A Course in General LinguisticsSaussure F. D.
23. PhoneticsPike Kenneth.
24. Introductory LinguisticsLale Robert A.
25. An Introduction to Descriptive LinguisticsGleason
H. A.
26. What is LinguisticsCrystal David.
27. LanguageSapir Edward.
. -.... .+.=. +'+=. ~'+ -+e+.
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T.Y.B.A. / 30
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T.Y.B.A. / 31
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T.Y.B.A. / 32
. .+.'+ -... .+. +.
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(3) Gujarathi
=u
,-) '-.-+. .+.- +.+. +.--+
Portion to be studied for the Term End Examination.
-. '-.-+. .+.-upto 20th chapter 158 pages.
. '=-+.upto first ten poems.
Portion to be studied for the Annual Examination.
,) '=-+. ++. -+.-.-

-. '-.-+. .+.-upto the last chapter.
. '=-+.upto the last poem.
Questions will be set from both the texts in annual
examination. Term-end-Total four questions, each question of
15 marks. Annual exam.-Total 5 questions each question of
20 marks. Questions will be on both the text books.
APPENDIX
T.Y.B.A. / 34
(4) Urdu
Appendix
UNIVERSITY OF PUNE
T.Y.B.A. Urdu General Paper III
Circular No. 188/2000
(20002001, 20012002, 20022003)
Text Prescribed :
1. (a) Yaadgar-e-Hali by Swaleha Abid Husain.
(b) History of Urdu Drama and Novel.
(c) Study of forms of Drama and Novel.
2. (a) Umrao Jan Ada by Mirza Hadi Md. Ruswa.
(b) Anarkali by Imtiyaz Ali Taj.
3. Portion for the Term End Examination :
(a) Critical study of the books and life of Maulana
Hali.
(b) History of Urdu Drama and Novel.
(c) Study of forms of Urdu Drama and Novel.
Total marks 60 (2 hours duration)
No. of questions : 4 (with internal choice.)
Pattern of question paper
(i) Critical question on the author
or Text or form 15
(ii) A critical question on the content
of the text. 15
(iii) A question on the History
of Urdu Drama. 15
(iv) A question on History or form
of Novel. 15
Total marks 60
T.Y.B.A. / 35
4. Portion for the Annual Examination :
Portion prescribed as above.
Total marks : 80 (3 hours duration)
No. of questions : 5 (with internal choice)
(i) A critical question on Yadgar-e-Hali
or its author. 16
(ii) A critical question on Umrao Jan
or its author 16
(iii) A critical question on Anarkali or its author 16
(iv) Plot or characters of Anarkali and
Umrao Jan Ada 16
(v) History or form of Drama or Novel. 16
Total marks 80
T.Y.B.A. Urdu Special Paper III
(2000-2001, 2001-2002, 2002-2003)
1. (a) Principles of Literary Criticism.
(b) History of Urdu Literary Criticism.
2. (a) Study of form of Literature : Ghazals.
(b) Special poets : Wali, Meer, Momin, Asgar,
Daag, Majrooh.
(A) Portion for the Term End Examination :
1. (a) Principles of literary criticism.
(b) History of Urdu literary criticism.
No. of question : 4 (with internal choice)
Four questions to be asked on the above topics.
(a) Two questions on principles of literary
criticism. 15
T.Y.B.A. / 36
(b) Two questions on History of Urdu
Literary criticism. 15
15
15
Total marks 60
(B) Portion for the Annual Question as paper :
Portion as prescribed above.
No. of Questions : 50 (with internal choice)
1. A question on principles of Lit. criticism. 15
2. A question on history of Urdu Lit. Criticism. 15
3. A question on the historical development and
form of Ghazal. 20
4-5. 2 questions on four special poets with internal
choice. 30
Total marks 80
T.Y.B.A. URDU SPECIAL PAPER IV
(2000-2001, 2001-2002, 2002-2003)
Subject prescribed :
1. (a) Essay on general or current topics.
(b) Grammar (Parts of speach, Prosody, Figures
of Special, Punctuation.
2. (a) Essay on Literary topics.
(b) Linguistics.
T.Y.B.A. / 37
1. (a) Essay on general or current topics.
(b) Grammar, Prosody, Figures of Speech.
(i) Essay on general or current topic 25
(ii) (a) Grammar (b) Figures of speach 20
(iii) Prosody 15
Total marks 60
(B) Portion for the Annual Examination :
Portion as prescribed above.
(i) An essay on general or current topic. 16
(ii) A question on Grammar and figures
of speech. 18
(iii) & (iv) Two questions on linguistics 30
(v) An essay on Literary topic (from technique,
poets, writers, literary covenents.) 16
Total marks 80
Ganeshkhind,
Pune411007. N. M. Kadam
Ref. No. CBS/3717 for Registrar
Date : 5-8-99
(5) Sindhi
(1) Pal Pal Jo Parlao (Poetry) by Hari Dilgir
- - . -.~ ,) -. . '-+.
(Available at Sindhi Times, Ulhasnagar-3)
(2) Achhinde Laja Maran (Poetry)
by Narain Shyam, Printed and Published by V. V. Hemthan
at Sangam Printers, Purani Mandi, Ajmer.
~.e. - -. ,) +'+ +.. ..-
(3) Priha Ja Pyaka (prose) by Rita Shahani
(Available at Modern Book Stall, Pune-1)
' . '.+ ,+) -. .:. ..
(4) Sinah Ja Sata nataka By Prof. Ram Panjawani
(Available at Sindhi Times Publication, Laxmi Market,
Ulhasnagar-421003)
'- . -- +.:+ ,++.:+) +.:++. ... .- +..
(5) Sur Kamod (Shah Jo Rasalso) by Prof. Kalyan Advani
- +.-.- ,. . -.-.) ... +-. ~.-+..
T.Y.B.A. / 39
,., |zi
Appendix to T.Y.B.A.
Hindi-Reference Book
a |+uiai
a|a+ +. -|-
|+ aai + +i.. |zi |+inii n= = ==-i+i+a.
'+... ~'+. --e.. '+.+-. -+ -+'-.+. +e'+.-
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'.
T.Y.B.A. / 40
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T.Y.B.A. / 41
,) .+'+.+ '+ -.;
,-) .+. -. +. '++.- +.+. -.+.
ai+a-a+a ai++=
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( 1 ) Advisor - --.+.
( 2 ) Advocate - ~'++.
( 3 ) Under Secretary - ~+ -'=+
( 4 ) Judge - ...
( 5 ) Justice - .--.
( 6 ) Commissioner - ~.+
( 7 ) Trustee - .-.
( 8 ) Record Keeper - ~'~-u..-
( 9 ) Meteorologist - -.-- '+-.+.
T.Y.B.A. / 42
(10) Excise Officer - .-. -+ ~'+..
(11) Liaison Officer - -+ ~'+..
(12) Accountant General - -.-u.+.
(13) General Manager - -..++
(14) Deputy Minister - .--.
(15) Typist - :++
(16) Director - '++. -=.-+
(17) Ambassador - .-
(18) Gazetted Officer - .'-- ~'+..
(19) Tracer - ~+-u+
(20) Telegraphist - -. -+-+
(21) Technologist - '- '+-.+.
(22) Chief of Air Staff - +.-+.
(23) Chief of Naval Staff - +.-+.
(24) Head Clerk - ..+ '-'+
(25) Office Superintendent - +..- ~.+
(26) Divisional Personnel Officer - ---+.'-+ ~'+..
(27) Accountant General - -.-u.+.
(28) Acting - +.+..
(29) Agent - ~'~+-.
(30) Receptionist - -+.+-.
(31) Auditor - -u. .+
(32) Census Officer - +++. ~'+..
(33) Treasurer - +.+.
(34) Chairman - ~
(35) Managing Director - .+ '++
(36) Executive Director - +.+.. '++
(37) Chief - .-u
T.Y.B.A. / 43
(38) Secretary - -'=+
(39) Zonal Manager - -. .++
(40) Principal - ..=.
(41) Chief Minister - ---.
(42) Superintendent - ~.+
(43) Inspector - '+.+
(44) Prime Minister - ..+ --.
(45) Steno-Typist - ~.:++
(46) Supervisor - ++
(47) Labour Officer - - ~'+..
(48) Personal Assistant - '+.-.+
(49) Engineer - ~'~-.
(50) Body Guard - ~++
aai + ni|z-
;o) :!-~:!~ :-:. ;~- )
( 1 ) Come in to Force - -.+ .-.
( 2 ) As a matter of fact - +---. +.--+ -
( 3 ) As a result of - + ~--+- '.- -+-
( 4 ) As directed - '+.+-.
( 5 ) As a rule - '+--. ~.- -.
( 6 ) By rule - '+-.+-.
( 7 ) By virtue of - + +.- +. '-- -
( 8 ) Cross examination - '
( 9 ) Defence counsel - .'-+... +=.+
(10) During this period - ;- ~+. -
(11) Follow up action - ~++-. +.+.;
(12) I am directed to - -; '+ +.
(13) I have the honour to say - -. '+++ '+
T.Y.B.A. / 44
(14) Under intimation to us - - -'=- +- |
(15) May be informed accordingly - -+ -. - '=- + '. .
(16) On the advice of - +. --.
(17) So far as possible - .-~+
(18) So far as practicable - .-.
(19) Then and there - --+.- +.
(20) With regard to - + -+ - + +. -
(21) With regards - -.
(22) Above mentioned - .+ . '-u |
(23) According to - + ~+-.
(24) As follows -'+-+.+.
(25) As per - + ~+-.
(26) As usual - -. +. -
(27) Beg to state - '+++
(28) By all means - -~. .+. - - -
(29) Carry forward - ~.+ - .+.
(30) Under Certificate of Posting - -.+ .-.'-
(31) Credit goes to - ;- +. +. :
(32) Duty complied - '+'+- ~+-.-+ '+. +.
(33) For perusal - ~+-.++.
(34) Hard and fast rule - -'+'.- '+-
(35) An anticipation of - +. .-.. -
(36) In lieu of - + -.+ + +- -
(37) Verified and found correct - --.'- '+. ~. -. ..
(38) Enter upon an office - + ++. -~.-+.
(39) For your Perusal - .++.. + '-|
(40) Entitled to - + +.
(41) Account is being maintained - -u. ,'-.+) u. . .
T.Y.B.A. / 45
(42) Maintenance of building - ;-.- +. ~+
(43) Matter is under consideration - -.--.'++ '+=...+
(44) Monetary limit - ~.'+ -.-.
(45) Muster Roll - .'--. +.-.+-.
(46) Orders are solicited - +. ~.
(47) Posting of figures - ~+ ++.
(48) Terms and conditions - -
(49) This is to inform that - -=+. . .-. +.
(50) Completion certificate - --.- .-.-
aai + ni|z-
;) ~!!-: ;~- )
( 1 ) MLA Member of Legislative Assembly
'+.+
( 2 ) MP Member of Parliament
-. -
( 3 ) CID Crime Invistigation Department
~. ~+-.+ '+~.+
( 4 ) Ph.D. Doctor of Philosophy
'+.+.=--.
( 5 ) D. Litt. Doctor of Literature
-.'- +.=--.
( 6 ) C.T.B.T. Comprehensive Testing Ban Treaty
-. . '++-'
( 7 ) N.O.C. No Objection Certificate
+. ~.. .-.-
( 8 ) BBC British Broadcasting Corporation
'+': .-. '++-
( 9 ) NDA National Defence Academy
.:. - ~+.-.
T.Y.B.A. / 46
(10) UCP Under Certificate of Posting
-.+.-.'-
(11) UGC University Grants Commission
'+.'+.- ~+.+ ~..+
(12) UN/US United Nations/United States
-+ .:
(13) U.K. United Kingdom
'+:+ + -+ --.+
(14) UNO United Nations Organization
-+ .: -+.+
(15) USA United States of America
~-'+. + -+ .
(16) NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization
. ~:-.':+ - -+.+
(17) WHO World Health Organization
'+. -+.- -+.+
(18) VIP Very Important Person
~-- --+ +.
(19) NASA National Aeronautics and
Space Administration
.:. +-.'++ |+ ~-' ..-+
(20) UNESCO United Nations Educational Scientific and
Cultural Organization
-+ .: '+. +-.'++ |+ -.-+'-+ -+
(21) IRDP Integrated Rural Development Project
|+.+- +.-. '++.- .+.
(22) NABARD National Bank of Agriculture and Rural
Development
.:. +'+ -. +-. '++.- ++
(23) IMF International Monetary Fund
~.-.:. -. +.+
T.Y.B.A. / 47
(24) ILO International Labour Organization
~.-.:. - -+.+
(25) IDBI Industrial Development Bank of India
~.-. ~..'++ '++.- ++
(26) NSA National Security Act
.:. -. ~''+-
(27) FERA Foreign Exchange Regulation Act
'+. -. '+-+ ~''+-
(28) C-DAC Centre for Development Advanced
Computing
.+- -++. '++.- +
(29) UNICEF United Nations International Children's
Emergency Fund
-+ .: +.- ~..- +.+
(30) SAARC South Asian Association for Regional
Co-operation
' |'. -. -.+ -+
(31) WTO World Trade Organization
'+. +.' -+.+
(32) GATT General Agreement on Traiffs and Trade
.-+ -. +.' -+. -+-.. ~++
(33) NAM Non Alligned Movement
~'-- .: -+.+
(34) IBRD International Bank for Reconstructing and
Development
~.-.:. +'+-. |+ '++.- ++
(35) NCERT National Council for Education Research
and Training
.:. '+ -.+ -. .' '+
(36) MIDC Maharashtra Industrial Development
Corporation
-..: ~..'++ '++.- '++-
T.Y.B.A. / 48
(37) CBI Central Bureau of Investigation
+. ~++ '+~.+
(38) PIN Postal Index Number
-.+ -=. +-.+
(39) IPC Indian Pinal Code
~.-. - -'-.
(40) IB Intelligence Bureau
+-= '+~.+
(41) SEBI Security Exchange Board of Investment
-. '++ -. --e
(42) IAS Indian Administration Service
~.-. ..-+ -+.
(43) ICS Indian Civil Service
~.-. +.+. -+.
(44) IPS Indian Police Service
~.-. '-- -+.
(45) IFS Indian Forest Service
~.-. ++ -+.
(46) MPSC Maharashtra Public Service Commission
-..: -.+-+. ~..+
(47) UPSC Union Public Service Commission
+. -.+-+. ~..+
(48) SET State Eligibility Test
.--. .-. ..
(49) NET National Eligibility Test
.:--. .-. ..
(50) PSI Police Sub Inspector
'-- . '+.+
T.Y.B.A. / 49
z+ |+=i= ai aia +i -+=a
,-) ~+'+~.+ .
,+) '++ , ~+
,u) u -+. , ~ +
,+) ..--+- ..+-
,-) .'~.'++ .+-. ,+.-) ~+
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~+
,~.) u-+. - - - ~+- +. --~ ..
~+
,) ':'. .
,-) '++ - - - ~+
,) u-+. - - - ~+
T.Y.B.A. / 50
,) ,~) ~+. .'~.'++ . + '. . ~+
,+.-) ,. - - )
,~.) ~+. +.+.. + '. . ~+
, - - )
,;) ~+. -''-. + '. . . ~+
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+ +|-a+ ai++ = ai == =+ |z i - - + ai++ = z +|+=i=
ai aia + -+=a = +iz a|+a= =zi zi
aai + +i. . - ni=i- |zi
ai++= =u= |+=i=ia=a |=i|a
ai|=i|+ oi+=i
a=i= (Designations)
Adviser---.+. Calculator-++
Advocate-~'++. Computer-- ++
Chief Minister-- - -. Custodian-~.+
Clerk-'-'+ Controller-'+ -+
Commissioner-~. +- Director-'++. -=.-+
Inspector-'+.+ Approval-~+ -. +
Judge-... Appendix-'':
Justice-.- '- Appointment-'++.
General Manager--..++ Agreement-+.. ~++
Legal Adviser-'+' --.+. Admissible-+.a. -+.+.
Nurse-'=.'+. Countersigned-.'---.'-
Operator-.=.-+ Document-.-u. --.+
Prime Minister-..+ --. Drafting-~.- u+
Secretary--'=+ Employment-. +..
Record Keeper-~'~- u..- - +.. +
Steno-Typist--+:+-u+ Foot-Note--- :.
Store Keeper-~-.. Jurisdiction- -.'+.
Superintendent-~.+ Increment-+ -++ ..
Supervisor- + + Monopoly-|+.'+.
Surveyor--+ + Promotion-.+-.. -++.
Ambassador-.- Resignation--.+-
Body Guard-~ ++ Sanction--+.+-.. -.
Engineer-~'~ -. Statement-+.+. '+-
T.Y.B.A. / 52
Demonstrator-'+ + Regional/Zonal- -.
Executive Engineer-+. +.. Regular-'+'--
~'~-. Retirement-'++ .
Gazetted Officer-.'-- Correspondence--.=..
~'+.. -+.
Labour Officer--~'+.. Grade-+ -
Personal Assistant-'+.-.+ Demotion-.++'-
Planning Officer-.+. ~'+.. Eligible-.-
Traffic Manager-.-..- .++ Revised- +.'-
Treasurer-+. +. Miscellaneous-.+.
Transcription-.'-- u+
Management-.+ Juniority-+'+.-.
Classification-++. + Proposal-.--.+
Column--- ~ Authorised-.'++
Contingencies-~.+'--+ . Submission- .-- -.+. '++ +
+e Minutes (of a Meeting)-
Counter foil-.'-+. --+. +.+
Declaration-+. +. Surcharge-~'~.
Draft-..-. --.. Figures-~.+-
Employee-+-=... -++ Order-~.
Estimate-~+ -.+ Objection-~.'
Grant-~+ .+ Action-+.+.;
Implementation-+.. + Capacity---.
Initials-~... .. Compensation-'--..
Note - ':. - ~.+.
Report-.'-+ + Current-=.-
Responsibility-..'-+ Surety-.-.+
Scheme-. +. Breakage/Wear Tear-::~:
Activity-'+ ..--. Rate-
T.Y.B.A. / 53
Nominal-+.--.- Claimant-.+ .
Cancellation-'+-+ Specified-'+' :
Conclusion-'+++ Tourism- :+
Post- Receipt-.+-.. -.
Dismissal- '- Stamped-- +. '+-
Advice - .- Account--u.
Eligibility-.--. Disbursement-'+-
Enquiry- e-.e Demurrage-'+-+ -+
Representation-.'-'+'-+. Duty--+
Certified-.-.'-
Damag-;. +. Security Bond--.+-+.-.
Consignee--.- .++.-.. .'+-. Total-.-. .+
Consigner-.++. -.- ~++.-. Cartage- -.;
Divisional Superintendent- (To) Register- ++.
--- ~.+ Renewal-++.+
Loading--.+ Registered-.+-
Seniority-+'.-. Fortnightly-.'+
Priority-..'-+-. Demand--. +
Authentic-..-.'- Cash-.+-
Suspension-'+-++ Recovery-+- -.
Procedure-'+ .'+' Delay-'+- +
Temporary-~-.. Complaint-'+.-
Partial-~. '+ Fair Copy--+e .-.. -.~
Basis/Ground-~.. Chief Commercial
Average-~.-- Superintendent--
Fare-'+.. +.' ~.+
Damage-'- Lost Property Office--.-.
Mortgage-'++.. ++ -.-.+ +..-
T.Y.B.A. / 54
aai + +i. . ni=i- |zi +i+io an
1. Account is being maintained--u. ,'-.+) u. . . :
2. Maintenance of building-;-.- +. ~+:
3. Man hours/days-+.- +: : '+ :
4. Matter is under consideration--.--. '++ '+=...+ :
5. May be considered-'+=. '+. .|:
6. May be informed accordingly--+ -. - '=- + '. .|:
7. May be treated as urgent-;- ~'+-++. --;. .|:
8. Misappropriation of money-+ +. +++: '+'+.+
9. Monetary limit-~.'+ -.-.:
10. Muster roll-.'--. +.-.+-.: .'. '-::
11. Notified for general information--+-.. +. .++.. +
'-| ~'-'=-:
12. Objections have been dealt with-~.'. '+=. +
'-. +. :
13. Orders are solicited-+. ~. :
14. Bill has been paid-'+- +. ~+-.+ . +.:
15. Passed for payment-~.+.: ~+-.+ + '-| -+.+-: .-
'+. +.:
16. Please appear in person before-+. ... + -- -+
.'-- :
17. Posting of figures-|+ . ++. : =.+.:
18. Rules of business-+.-=.-+ '+-.+-.:
19. Security deposit-.'-~'- -.: -.+- -.:
20. Shall be liable to pay-+. -+.:
21. I am directed to state--; + ++ +. '+ ~. :
22. Statement of accounts--u.'++
23. Terms and conditions--
24. This is to inform that--=+. . .-. +.:
T.Y.B.A. / 55
25. Total brought forward-~++.-: ~.+ -.. +. .-:
26. Under certificates of posting--.+ .-.'-
27. Your request cannot be accepted to-~.+. ..+. -+.+.
+. +. . -+-.:
28. Seen and returned-u+ +.- '+. .-. :
29. For information only-++- -=+. + '-|:
30. Submitted for orders-~. + '-| .--- :
31. Kindly acknowledge-+. .+-. ~'|:
32. Await reply-. +. .-.. +. .|:
33. By returen of post--.:-. -.+ -:
34. Come into force--.+ .+.:
35. Accepted in Principle-'-..- - - -+.+-:
36. After adequate consideration---'=- '+=. + +.:
37. Adjustment of account--u. --..+:
38. Administrative head-..-. ..+:
39. Affix a seal--. -+.+.:
40. Agreement form-~++ -: +.+.-.:
41. Assets and liabilities-'-': ~.'--. -. -.:
42. Balance sheet---+-
43. Indemnity bond-'-'-+-: +.-:
44. Completion certificate---.+ .-.-:
45. Comply with-=.-+ ++.. ~+=.-+ ++.:
46. Deputation allowance-.'-'+'+ ~.:
47. Enter upon an office- + ++.: -~.-+.:
48. Entitled to-+ '-| +.:
49. In accordance with-+ ~+-.:
50. In lieu of - + -.+ -: + +- -:
. + .'~.'++ . -+ +.+.. +. +.+ - ..+ ++.
: -.+ . - - . +. ~. -.+ +.+.. - - . +. ..+
~'- :
T.Y.B.A. / 56
z+i
ai===+ |z-i
aai+ +=i
i+
.- ++ ~. '.-.++ +-. - '.- .+ + ~.. +- +.
~. +.+ =+. +. ~'.. +. . ++.:
.'~.'++ .+-. .
+..-.+ +. .-. - -+'- .'~.'++ -. +.+.:
~. +.+. ~ ~. .++. +.+. - ..+:
+ii=i= +i a;ai +i a|
-.' +. ..'- '-:. '+- ~+~.+ -.. - .'+:.
-.+ +. ~+-.++ ~.+'-. +. ..'-+ .= -+- -.-+. +.
;+_. ++. ':. '-u+. ~+-.'- ':. +. -.+ + .-
~.+. --.. +. ~+-.+ .+ :
+ii=i= a+zi
+..-.+ -. + .+. -+.. - + .+.
-+.. -. ~-+.. -. -.+. +..- -.+. .-.
~'-=+.. -+-. -.. ---. --. '--. .- '+-.'-.
. -+. :. '-. ~. . +.. - ~. . .. ++. ~ -'- .. - =+.
,-=+. :: + '-|):
+ii=i= z=+i
+..-.+ -+. '+-.+-. .- + ~.' ,+..-.+
~++. + +-+ --+ ):
T.Y.B.A. / 57
+
~.+. -.-.-+. .-.+-+. +-.+. .'++ +.
--+ +. ++.'-+. -+ '++- + ~.' +. '+ -.-. .++..
~. .- ~+ +. .- ~+~+:
zi+io+ii zi o= + |= =u=
+.+. |+. +. +.-. ~. u. u. .-. ;-'+. . ~ : +.-. . - --.
'+'++. .='-- '++. ==.. ~.+. .. ~.':
a+i|ai + |+|+ zii=i +i ni=i- a|
- +.'- +. -.-. .++... +-+. -+..-=+. +-..
-.+.. --~-u+. '+'+.. -=+.. '+-.+ ~.' --.=.. + .+.
--.=.-.+ ~. .--'-.++:
=|:a-oi=
-'-.+ + '+'+ '= ~. .++. -.-. '= :
|+uia= =u=--+=a zi ni=i- a|
'+-.+ +. ~~.+.+-. -. ..+ :
|+uia= + |+|+ a+i
'++ ..+ +. +--| '.--.;. '+.. .-. -.++ ~.'.
~: - . .++.-. +--|: u-. -+.+. --. .+. ~.':
|+uia=i + a|i=
.-:.-:. + '+'+ .+.. ~. ..+. +. -.-. .++..
-. '+-.+.' + +.+ -. ++. :
ai|=i|+ oi+=i
.'~.'++ .+-. ~. +.+. ~. .++. +.+. - ..+ :
T.Y.B.A. / 58
|z-i ai|=i|+ oi+=i
~ + . '.
( 1 ) Contributory ~ ..
( 2 ) Inadmissible imprest ~+ .
( 3 ) With priority ~+ -.-'-
( 4 ) Inadmissible ~+ .a
( 5 ) Forwarding letter ~++ -
( 6 ) Honorary ~+ -'++
( 7 ) Up to date ~-+
( 8 ) Counterfoil ~..
( 9 ) Requisition ~'+
(10) Surcharge ~'~.
(11) Subordinate office ~.+- +..-
(12) Disqualification ~+ -.
(13) No objection ~+.'
(14) Obligatory ~'++.
(15) Licence ~+ -'-
(16) Ratio ~+ .-
(17) Instruction ~+
(18) Non-cognizable ~+ -
(19) Section ~+ ~.+
(20) Enclosure ~+ -++
(21) Duplicate ~+ '-'
(22) Interim ~-'-
(23) Adoption ~+ + -+
(24) Non-Permanent Temp ~-..
(25) Follow up action ~++-. +.+.;
(26) Inability ~. -.
T.Y.B.A. / 59
(27) Ultimatum ~'-- =-.++.
(28) Additional Secretary ~ -'=+
(29) Non-baillable ~.'-~.
(30) Aggrived ~--:
(31) Candidate ~+.
(32) Remarks ~ '+.
(33) Non-gazetted ~.'--
(34) Qualification ~ -.
(35) Recurring ~.+-.
(36) Seasonal ticket ~.+'+ ':+:
(37) Forthcoming ~.+.-.
(38) Syllabic ~.+
(39) History sheet ;'-+
(40) By-law .'+-.'+'
(41) Above-cited .-
(42) Quotation ...
(43) Quoter ~-.
(44) Lumpsum |+- .-
(45) Hereby |- ...
(46) Time-barred +.-+.'-
(47) Personal +.'- +
(48) Proceedings +. +..
(49) Implementation +.. ++
(50) Quorum +.+.+ --.
(51) Efficiency +. + --.
(52) Current Account u.-. =.-
(53) Deposit Account u.-. -.
(54) Debit Account u.-. +.-
T.Y.B.A. / 60
(55) Capital Account u.-. -=.
(56) Intelligence bureau u'~. .
(57) Intensive ++
(58) Grave emergency +~. ~..-
(59) Respectable +-.+
(60) Mortgage '++.
(61) Product ++~-
(62) Confidential +. +.
(63) Mobile squad =---.
(64) Consolidator =++. +-.
(65) Character Certificate ='- .-.-
(66) Warning = -.++.
(67) Endorsed cheque = ++ =.+
(68) Crossed cheque =+ .-.+
(69) Octroi duty = +.
(70) Retrenchment e:+.
(71) Wastage e.+++..
(72) Leave salary e_. +-+
(73) Leave vacancy e_.''+
(74) Leave account e_.- u.
(75) Casual leave e_.
(76) Study leave e_. ~.+.
(77) Whim - +
(78) Ad-hoc appointment - '+'+
(79) Ad-hoc sanction - -.
(80) Ad-hoc committee - -'--.
(81) Factual -.--+
(82) Active consideration ---. - '+=.
T.Y.B.A. / 61
(83) Elemental -.'-++
(84) Punitive tax +...+
(85) Immediate slip -- =.
(86) Balance Sheet - -+-
(87) Wholesale rate .+
(88) Voted --
(89) Efficiency bar -..
(90) By hand --.
(91) Punished -.--+
(92) Teleprinter - +
(93) Telecommunication - =.
(94) Tour allowance .. ~.
(95) Money-bill +'+ +
(96) Positive +.--+
(97) Clause ... u-
(98) Implication +'+-.
(99) Copyist ++-++.-
(100) Cash payment ++ ~ +-.+.++ ~.+.
(101) Dispossion +.-. ++
(102) Disposal '+:.+
(103) Net amount '++- .'
(104) Employer '+. -.
(105) Suspension '+- ++
(106) Expulsion '++.-+
(107) Routine check +-. .=
(108) Official capacity . -.-
(109) Ex-officio +
(110) Promotion . .'-
T.Y.B.A. / 62
(111) Proviso -+
(112) Top-secret -+. +.
(113) Absolutely necessary - ~.+.+
(114) Top priority - ~+-.
(115) His excellency -.
(116) Circulated '='--
(117) Circuit '
(118) Variable '+- +.
(119) Convention '.:.
(120) Emoluments '-'.
(121) Probation '+..
(122) Avoidable '.
(123) Initiative - '+
(124) Aspect -
(125) Eligibility .--.
(126) Out of turn .. +.
(127) Transmission .+
(128) Passed .'-
(129) Venerable +.
(130) Whole time +.'-+
(131) Prior permission +. + -'-
(132) Previous reference + -~
(133) Progressive .+ .-.
(134) Deputation to another post .'-'+'+
(135) Vigilance .'-.+. =.+-..
(136) Adverse Report .'-+- '.:
(137) Compensatory leave .'-+ e_.
(138) Reimbursement .'-'-
T.Y.B.A. / 63
(139) Transcription .'-- u+
(140) Percentage .'--+
(141) Report .'-+ +
(142) Waiting list .-.. -=.
(143) Repayable .'-
(144) Credentials .--
(145) Anticipation .-..
(146) Error .~.
(147) Proficiency .+.-.
(148) Authority ..'+
(149) Division .~.+
(150) Charges as payment for .~.
services rendered
(151) Impressed .-.'-
(152) Effective .~.+.
(153) Senior .+
(154) Select committee .+ --.'-
(155) Consignee .'+'-
(156) Written statement .'-. -
(157) Waiting list .-.+ -=.
(158) Death Certificate ~. -+.-.
(159) Prodigal '~- u=. ~+
(160) Dismissal +.--+.
(161) Provided that +- '+
(162) Armoured +-+
(163) Barred +.'-
(164) Out of turn '++-..
(165) Dotted '+ '+-
T.Y.B.A. / 64
(166) No demand certificate + ~.+-. -
(167) Packing charge + .+.~.
(168) Congnitive +. .--+
(169) Recruitment ~-.
(170) Voidable ~ +.
(171) Xenoegiossia ~.+ --.+. +. -~.+.-.+
(172) Porter ~.'++
(173) Competence ~.+. --.
(174) Anti-curruption ~:.=. '+.
(175) Cancel --u. '+--
(176) Advisory - -..- .-.
(177) Accountant General -.- u.+.
(178) General Manager -..+ +
(179) Secretary General -.-'=+
(180) Designee -+. +.-
(181) Indent -.+ -
(182) Requisition slip -.+ =.
(183) Validity -.-.. +-.
(184) File '-'--
(185) Duration '-.. ~+'
(186) Suspension - ~-
(187) Compensation - ~.+.
(188) Valuation - -. ++
(189) Rationalism '++.
(190) Diplomacy .+'+
(191) Revenue .-+
(192) Daily register . +.-=.
(193) Will '+-. '--.-
T.Y.B.A. / 65
(194) Devotion -++
(195) Pending -'+-. .-'+-
(196) Audit - u...
(197) Head of account - u..+
(198) Enhanced +' -
(199) Option '++-
(200) Bonafide +.--'++
(201) Contradictory '+. .
(202) Cross-Purpose '+.. .z
(203) Digression '++.-
(204) Decentralization '++.+
(205) Demurrage '+-+ -+
(206) Prescribed '+'-
(207) Stoppage of Increment + -++ '.. +
(208) Lawful '+'-+-'+'
(209) Legislisation + .+
(210) Legal Position + .'--.
(211) Verbiage +.-.+-+
(212) Verbatim . .+
(213) Prompt action .+ +. +..
(214) Testimonial u.-
(215) Governing body .--'++.
(216) Identification '+.-
(217) Quarantive leave -+. e_.
(218) Equivalent --+
(219) Meritorious service -.+. - +.. -. - +.
(220) Verification --.+
(221) Equivalent --+
T.Y.B.A. / 66
(222) Co-opted -. '-
(223) Ready reference - -~- ~
(224) Adjournment -++
(225) Local body -.+. '++.
(226) Confession - -+.+ '-
(227) Subjunctive - ~.++.- -+
(228) Concurrence --'-
(229) Purposely -..+
(230) Officer concerned -+'- ~'+..
(231) Cryptology -.+'-+ ~.+.
(232) Well intentioned -..'-
(233) Interpretation in service -+. - .+
(234) Notice-board -=+. _
(235) Intervention --
(236) Compensation .+.. '-'-
(237) Signed --.'-
(238) Conveyancer --. -+
(239) Reparations, idemnity '- '-
(240) Regional Manager -. .++
(241) Memorandum -.+
n= = ni
-. ~'u- ~.-. ..-+. +. -. . ~. -.+. '-+... + -.=
~.':.. .~.- .+.+. ',.. -.
. .~.+. ..-'++ +.-.. |-. -.+.. -.'- .+.+.
',.. --+. ..
T.Y.B.A. / 67
,. -.++. '.~+. +..--'- '-. .~.- .+.+.
',... --+. -
. -.-. '.~+. +..--'- '-. '. + -+.+
..;: '-'-:-. --+. -..
. ..-'++ '. '+-.'+.+ +--. .~.- .+.+. ',..
--+. -..
.. '. ~.-u+ |+ ':-.. ~.- .+.. --.+ .+.+.
',.. --+. -..
. ..-.'+ ~.-u+ ~.' ':... '+.. ..- |- --.
--+. -.
. -.''-+ .'~.'++ .+-.-.+ -.. .-+.. :-+.
'. -.'- ~.-.. -u+. --+. -..
. -.-. ~.+.'+-.++.+. +.+. .+.+ --.+. ',.
--,. --+. --.
-. ' . - =+.- .+ ~.=. '-+ .. -. +~.-. .+.+.
~.+. ;-..+.-. --+. -.
--. ++.+.'++.- '+- + ~. -.++.++ . ' . '+ .-.
-. '. .+.--.. ~.:. . ~.- .=. -'-'-.
-,. .+.'+ ~++. +. ---.|-.. ~.-.+. '-+...
-. .+.'+ ' . -. . +. +. .+.--+. -. . ~. -.+. '-+...
.. .. |~.. +--.++. ',.-- .
-. + '+ + .- u ' . -. . -.. .:. '.. . ; '. +.-. +.. ++.
.+. ,..
-.. +..- -.'+. -.. .. .-+. '. -.'- ~.-..
. =..':. .-. =.+. -u+.,.
-. ~.-u+. ':.. ~++. -. -+ ... +.+ ~. .++.
-. ~++. +-. -.. ~.-.+. '-+...
-. ..-+. '. +..+. .+.--+.
T.Y.B.A. / 68
. -+.'-. - ~++. +. ---.| -.. ~.-.+. '-+...
-. +.+. '-' +. .~+ ~. '++.- -.. ~.- .+. ~.':.
~...
aoin+i a+zi + |= z=i +i+io + |zi =a
1. Austerity provisioning '--. .+.
Scheme
2. Administrative approval .-.-+. ~+-.+ ..-
may be obtained '+. .|:
3. Await further comments :.+. .'-++ +. .-..
+.'|:
4. By way of amendment -.+ + - -
5. Conclusive proof '+'.- .-.
6. Communal award -.-..'+ '+
7. Contempt of Court ..- ~+-.+
8. Details of outlay ' +. ..
9. Disciplinary action ~+.-'++ +.+.;
10. Extract should be taken .. '-. .+. =.'|:
11. For perusal and return ~+-.++ ++ -.:.+ +
'-|
12. Grage disorder +~. ~+--.
13. In persuance of the policy +.'- + ~+-.
14. In public interest +'- -
15. Matter of fact statement . +.+. . '++
16. Motion of adjournment -++ .--.+
17. In a nutshell - -
18. Opt informal sanction ~.=.'+ -+.+'- ..-
+.'|:
T.Y.B.A. / 69
19. Retrospective effect ..- .
20. Please give top priority + . ;- -.-- +. -+. '+
to this case ..'-+-. .'|:
21. Reinstated in service +.+. +.- +. +;
22. Subject to the approval of ~+-.+ ..'-
23. The question is issue '++. '++
24. Under investigation .= -
25. Voting by proxy .'-'+' ... --.+
26. Whole-hearted support --+
27. With the concurrence +. --'- -
..-+. -+. + '-| +.+. + '. -
1. Paper have been +.+- '--. '
amalgamated + :
2. For information only ++- -=+.
3. Kindly acknowledge +. .+-.
receipt
4. Needful has been done -. +. +.. + . +. :
5. Submitted for information -=+. .--- :
6. For action and report +.+.. |+ '.: +
'-|:
7. For circulation among all -+ + +.= --.- +
'-|:
8. Draft has been amended ..- -+-. -+.'-
accordingly + '. +. :
9. The proposal is .--.+ ~+ ~. - -: :
self-explanatory
10. Ministry of Education '.--.- - .-
may be consulted '+. .:
T.Y.B.A. / 70
11. For favour of guidance -.++ + '-|:
12. The matter is till under -.--. ~~. ~. '+=...+
:
13. For necessary verification ~.+.+ .= + '-|:
14. Situation is under Control '-'- '+- - :
15. Through proper channel .'=- -' -.- -:
16. Inability to agree --'- .+: ++ -
~-- -.
17. In controvention of + .'-. +. .,++
18. Misrepresentation of facts -. +. +-- +.+..
-. +. +-- + -
.---.+. ~.++
19. A flord opportunities/ +. ~+--'+. +.
facilities to
20. Alike proposals are .--.+ --.+ :
21. As per details below +.= '| . + ~+-.
22. At your earliest -'+.+-. '-+. -.
convenience . -+:
23. By virtue of + +.-. +. '-- -
24. Copy enclosed for ready --+.- +.--~ + '-|
reference .'-'-' --+
25. Delay is regretted ''+-+ + '-| u :
26. For the purpose of Act ~''+- + .. + + '-|
+..-.+ ~++. + '-| +-+
(1) I am directed to say that Remington typewriter. No
of this ministry is not giving satisfactory service and needs
certain repair. It is requested that it may be examined in Room
No. 225, Vayu Bhavan and an estimate for its repairs sent to
this ministry for approval necessary information whether the
parts requiring replacement in this machine are worn out/broken/
missing may also be given in the estimate.
T.Y.B.A. / 71
(2) The undermentioned candidates from the Railway
Board have been admitted to the type-writing test to be held
by the U.P.S.C. on 5th May, 1991 at the Secretariat Training
School, New Delhi. The roll numbers of the candidates and
other details are indicated against their names.
Section officers may please inform the staff concerned
accordingly.
(3) I am directed to refer to your D.O. letter No. dated
the-on the subject mentioned above and to convey the sanction
of the President to the ourchase of furniture for the office
of at an estimated cost not exceeding Rs. 2500/-
The expenditure will be debitable to the contingent grant
of that office and shall be met from the budget grant of the
office for the current financial year.
(4) It has been reported that Shri. S. R. Dhake is in the
habit of absenting himself from duty frequently and that he
generally comes to office late without obtaining prior sanction
or even giving intimation. Such behaviour of Shri. S. R. Dhake
is highly objectionable, irregular and against office discipline.
He is therefore, warned that he should desist from indulging
in such practice otherwise suitable disciplinary action will be
taken against him.
(5) It has been reported that on Shri .........................
was directed to ........................ He shriked from duties and
did not complete the allotted work even till the evening.
Shri. ........................................ should explain his conduct.
If no reply is received from him within seven day of the issue
of this memorandum it will be assumed that has nothing to say
in his defence and exparte action will taken against him.
(6) The service record of the above named employee
was sent to your office in connection with ........................
vide this office letter No. ....................................................
date ...................... please arrange to return the same to this
office duly completed immediately.
T.Y.B.A. / 72
(7) With reference to his application dated
Shri. ........................................... is informed that extension of leave
applied for cannot be granted. He is therefore directed to report
for duty in this office at once, failing which appropriate action
will be taken against him.
(8) It has been noticed that inspite of repeated
instruction several class IV officers do not put on their uniform
while on duty in the office. The class IV Officers are once again
instructed that during office hours they should invariably put
on the uniform supplied to them. In future, if any such officer
is found without uniform, he will be sent back home and
will be treated on leave without pay for that day.
Translation : English into Hindi
Passage - 1
It is an accepted fact that there is much unrest in out
Universities today. Strikes, Violent demonstrations interference
by political parties and anti-social elements-all there have
become everyday features or our academic life Teachers and
authorities are very conscious of the unusual power of the
student world today and are often unable to take action against
those guilty of gross misconduct. If nothing effective is done
to improve conditions without delay, the time will soon come
when our students will agitate to run the Universities themselves
as did students in a number of universities in Europe.
Passage - 2
The Insured or his legal personal representatives shall
give notice in writing to the underwrites as soon as possible
after the occurrence of any accident, injury, loss or damage
with full particulars thereof. Every letter, claim, writ, summons
and process shall be notified or forwarded to the underwriters
immediately on receipt. Notice shall also be given in writing to
the underwriters immediately the insured or his legal personal
T.Y.B.A. / 73
representatives shall have knowledge of any impending
prosecution, inquest or fatal inquiry in connection with any
accident for which there may be liability under this Document.
Book : Communication in English
Bhatnagar & Bell.
|zi z=+i + |= a|=
(1) Computers
Computers are used now a days for many different kinds
of works e.s. in offices, banks, factories, hospitals, Universities
and Schools. Their use is becoming more widespread and
people can now buy small personal computers.
What are computers? And what can they be used for?
Computers are electronic systems used for processing facts
and figures known as data. The data fed i.e. the input are
processed according to set of instructions called a programme.
The input and the programme together give us the output i.e
the information useful for making decisions.
A Course in Technical English
Book one, Page 13.
(2) Solar Energy
Amongst the various applications of solar energy Solar
water heater is one which can be easily manufactured. The
basic elements in a Solar water heater are, a plate collector
a storage tank connected to supply a load and an auxiliary
energy source. Besides these are means for water circulation
and control.
Research is going on to widen the possibilities of
harnessing solar energy for the betterment human life. In the
near future it will not be surprising to see solar automobiles
T.Y.B.A. / 74
on the roads. Solar ships at the sea and solar televisions in the
home.
(A course in technical english book
on page 48-49
Somiya Publications Pvt. Ltd.,
Bombay, New Delhi.
Compiled by-The Curriculum
Development Centre
Technical Teachers Training Institute,
Western Pregim, Bhopal.
(3) Interview Techniques
The most vital piece of advice any practised interview
will give you is Be confident. I am sure a lot of you feel that
it is natural to have cold feet while facing an interview. Yes,
agreed, you may feel nervous but the interviewers dont have
to know it ! Positive thinking is the attitude that will enable you
to give a good interview. Tell yourself you can do it. Also
yourself confidence will be further boosted if job, find out
some details about it its product, range, its advertisement
carefully to find out what job you are applying for and
what you have to do.
(Communicative Competence in
Business
English, Page 122, Orient Longman
Ltd., 1988).
(4) Product Advertising
Advertising is used extensively to promote the sale of
product. Improved levels of sales lead to greater profits for
procedures. Advertisements are presentations and
announcements which are designed to attract public attention.
Various types of publicity and media are used for example,
leaflets, hoardings radio and T.V. Here the purpose is to inform
and persuade people into buying goods and services success
T.Y.B.A. / 75
in advertising depends upon effective publicity and good
presentation.
(Business English-Page 54)
(5) Energy Conservation in Vehicles
Petrol and diesel prices have increased very substantially
in the past fifteen years. Fuel economy becomes a very
important priority for self driven mopeds, cars, taxy operators
and large transport organizations. Several demonstrative and
research studies by agencies such as Petroleum Conservation
Research Association have shown that 10-15 percent savings
in fuel consumption can be easily achieved by the fleet
operators, scooterists, car and bus drivers. Slow and steady
driving is conductive for fuel economy, avoiding unnecessary
acceleration and develeration and braking by anticipating stops
and cures well in advance. By slamming on brakes, the power
developed by the engine is wasted.
(Course Material on Energy Conservater for
Industrial Training Institute-Page 13.
Sponsored by Depart. of Power, Ministry of
Energy, Govt. of India National Productivity
Council, Lodhi Road, New Delhi.)
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T.Y.B.A. / 76
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T.Y.B.A. / 83
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T.Y.B.A. / 84
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T.Y.B.A. / 85
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T.Y.B.A. / 86
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(7) Compulsory English
(1996-97, 1997-98, 1998-99)
Text Books for T.Y.B.A. Compulsory English
General English PaperIII, Special PaperIII and IV
Compulsory English
(1) Animal Farm .. George Orwel
(Orient Longman)
(2) Saint Joan .. G. B. Shaw
(Orient Longmen)
(3) Success with Grammar and Composition
(Units 2, 6, 9 and 12 only) :
K. R. Narayanswamy (Orient Longman)
T.Y.B.A. / 88
APPENDEX
UNIVERSITY OF PUNE
T.Y.B.A.
COMPULSORY ENGLISH
QUESTION PAPER FORMAT
(Tentative)
1. Vocabulary 20 Marks
2. Grammar (Isolated sentences
not to be asked as far as possible) 15 Marks
3. Reference Skills/Notemaking/
Information Transfer 15 Marks
4. Summarising/Expansion of ideas 15 Marks
5. Essay Writing (Guided composition) 15 Marks
6. Dialogue Writing 10 Marks
7. Presentation Skills/Interview 10 Marks
G - 3 : English Literature from 1798 to 1890.
In place of
(1) Kubla Khan, and
(2) Ode to the West Wind.
The following Poems from The Winged Word to be studied :
(1) Dejection : An Ode Coleridge.
(2) Dejection Near Naples Shelley.
Other selections remain unchanged.
T.Y.B.A. / 89
Format of the Question Paper
G - 3 : ENGLISH SPECIAL AND GENERAL
Paper G - 3 : English Literature from 1798 to 1890.
(Time : 3 hours)
1. (a) Explain with reference to the context any three of
the following :
(Six extracts from Poetry to be given). 15
(b) Identify any one of the following passages and
write a paragraph of about 2530 lines on its
relevance/significance in the light of the points/
hints given below each passage :
(Attempt any one of the given passages. Two
extracts to be given, one each from David
Copperfield and Wuthering Heights). 10
2. (a) A long answer type question on Romantic Poetry
(on a poem or two/three poems).
OR
(b) A long answer type question on Victorian Poetry
(on a poet/s poem or two/three poems).
OR
(c) Short notes on any two :
(5 items to be given). 20
3. (a) A long answer type question on David Copperfield.
OR
(b) A long answer type question on David Copperfield.
T.Y.B.A. / 90
OR
(b) Shaort notes on any two :
4. (a) A long answer type question on Wuthering Heights
OR
(b) A long answer type question on Wuthering Heights
OR
(c) Short notes on any two :
5. (a) A long answer type question on 19th Century
literature/background/literary history and thought.
OR
(b) A long answer type question on Romanticism/
background, history of Romantic poetry.
OR
(c) A long answer type question on literary history/
background/thought/trends in Victorian literature
or Victorian novel. 15
T.Y.B.A. / 91
ENGLISH SPECIAL : PAPER - III
(Functional English)
Course Contents :
A. Orientation :
1. Characteristics and functions of language.
2. The structural (Formal) and Functional approaches to
language.
3. Level of Linguistic Analysis (Introductory) :
( i ) Phonetics and Phonology.
( ii) Morphology.
(iii) Syntax.
(iv) Semantics.
4. Pragmatics : What is pragmatics :
( i ) Politeness Principle.
( ii) Cooperative Principle.
(iii) Speech Acts : Locutionary, Illocutionary,
Perlocutionary.
5. Language Skills, their importance and various ways of
acquiring them.
6. Dialects (Regional and Social) and National Varieties :
( i ) Br. English.
( ii) Am. English.
(iii) Indian English.
7. Style and Register.
8. Grammaticality and Acceptability.
T.Y.B.A. / 92
B. Spoken English :
1. Introduction to phonemic symbols and transcription of
works.
2. Important Contracts :
/ I / / i : / / v / / w / / n / / n /
/ e / / eI / / s / / z /
/ b / / : / / s / / /
/ d / / 3: / / ^ / d3 / / z / / 3 /
3. Word Accent and Accentual Patterns,
4. Sentence Accent and Weak Forms.
5. Intonation : Division of Sentences into tone groups,
identifying tonic Syllabus.
Tones : ( i ) Faslling Tone.
( ii) Rising Tone.
(N.B. : The theoretical explanation to be kept to the
minimum.)
C. Grammar :
1. From English Grammar for Today : A New Introduction.)
( i ) What grammar is and is not,
( ii) Sentences and their parts,
(iii) Words,
(iv) Phrases,
( v) Clauses.
2. Word formation :
( i ) Affixation,
( ii) Compounding,
(iii) Conversion.
T.Y.B.A. / 93
References :
Language and its StructureR. W. Langcker.
Five Great Indian Novels (Discourse Analysis)
Ashok Thorat.
Principles of PragmaticsG. N. Leech.
The Use of GrammarR. Quirk.
A University Grammar of EnglishQuirk and Greenbouam.
(Chapter : One and App. I).
David CrystalLinguistics.
Better English PronunciationJ.D.O. Conner.
A Text book of English Phonetics for Indian Students
T. Balasubramaniam.
English Grammar for Today (A New Introduction)
G. N. Leech.
T.Y.B.A.
ENGLISH SPECIAL : PAPER - III
(FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH)
Question Paper Format
Marks
1. Short answer question on Orientation.
(4 out of 6) 20
2. Practical questions on Orientation. 20
3. Short answer question on Spoken English.
(2 out of 3). 10
4. Practical questions on Spoken English. 20
(N.B. : A question of 8 marks on transcription of words
and marking accent will be compulsory.)
5. Short answer questions on Grammar
(2 out of 3). 10
6. Practical questions on Grammar. 20
T.Y.B.A. / 94
ENGLISH SPECIAL PAPER - IV
Course Title : Introduction to Literary Criticism and
Critical Appreciation.
Item. 3 (A) : Principles of Literary Criticism.
( i ) What is Criticism ? Definition and Principles.
( ii) Fine Arts and Useful Arts.
Literature as Fine Artdefinition and characte-
ristics.
(iii) Theory of imitation; poetic truth and historic truth.
(iv) Qualifications of a good Critic.
Item. 3 (B) : Critical Approaches to literatureBiographical,
Sociological and Psychological approaches.
Item. 3 (C) : Contributions/Theories of Some Selected Critics.
( i ) Philip Sidney : Superiority of poetry over other
Sciences/disciplines. (From Apology for Poetry).
( ii) Samuel Johnson : Defence of Shakespeares
violation of Unities and intermingling of the tragic
and the Comic in drama. (From Preface to
Shakespeare).
(iii) William Wordsworth : Definition of poetry;
Language of Poetry; Subjects of Poetry (From
Preface to Lyrical Ballada).
(iv) Matthew Arnold : Three kinds of estimates of
poetry; the Touchstone method of evaluating
poetry (From Study of Poetry).
( v) T. S. Eliot : Concept of Tradition, historical sense.
T.Y.B.A. / 95
Item. 3 (D) : Literary and Critical Concepts and Terms :
1. Allusion.
2. Ambiguity, connetation and denotation.
3. Bathos (Anti-climax).
4. Simile, metaphor, onomatopoeia, symbol, imagery, conceit,
epithet.
5. Motif and theme.
6. Wit and humour.
7. Empathy and Sympathy.
8. Irony, Sarcasm, Satire, Paradox.
9. Genre.
10. Persona, Tone and Vice.
11. Interior Monoloque and Stream of consciousness.
12. Setting and local colour.
13. Classicism, Neo-classicism, Romanticism, Realism,
Naturalism, the Absurd, Modernism, Symbolism.
14. Allegory and personification.
15. Asides, Solioquies.
16. Comic Relief.
17. Poetic justice.
18. Interntional fallacy.
19. Anarchronism.
20. Byronic hero.
21. Round and Flat Characters.
22. Interludes.
23. Literature of knowledge and Literature of power.
Item. 3 (E) : Applied or Practical Criticism :
One Unseen poem/poetic passage to be set.
Reference Books :
1. Worsfold, BasilJudgement of Literature.
2. Scott, JamesMaking of Literature.
T.Y.B.A. / 96
3. SchrieberIntroduction to Literature Criticism.
4. Hudson, W. H.Introduction to the study of Literature.
5. Prasad, BrijeshwarIntroduction to Literary Criticism.
6. Scot, WilburFive Approaches to Literature.
7. Brooks & Wim SattA Short History of Literary Criticism.
8. Butcher, S. H.Aristotles Poetics.
9. House, HumphryAristotles Poetics.
10. Lucas, F. L.Tragedy.
11. Hamer, EnidMetres of English Poetry (Chapter-I).
12. Chickera, ErnestEnglish Critical Texts.
13. Abrams, M. A.A lossary of Literary Terms.
14. Monfries, HelenCritical Appreciation.
15. SethuramanPractical Criticism.
16. Philip, Sidney, Samuel Johnson, Wordsworth, Mathew
ArnoldMacmillans Annotated Critical Texts.
17. Eliot, T. S.Tradition and the Individual Talent.
English Special Paper - IV
Pattern of Question Paper
Annual Examination
Marks : 100
1. (a) One full answer question on the topics under
Section 3(A) of Course contentPrinciples of
Literary Criticism. 20
OR
(b) Two short answer questions to be answered out of
three alternatives on the same topics in
Section 3(A). 20
2. Two short answer questions to be answered out of three
alternatives on the topics in Section 3(B). 20
T.Y.B.A. / 97
3. Two short answer questions to be answered, out of three
alternativeson the topics under Section 3(C) of Course
ContentContributions of Critics.
(Aristotle, Sidnson, Wordsworth, Arnold,
T. S. Eliot). 20
4. Four short answer questions to be answered out of six
alternatives, on the items in Section 3(D) of the Course
ContentsLiterary and Critical terms/concepts. 20
5. One poem (unseen) to be set with 5 or 6 questions set
on the poem. 20
T.Y.B.A. / 98
Appendix
a |+uiai
a|a+ +. --|-
|+ i.+i.+i.. z=i +|=+ a-a+i+i+a.
'+... ~'+. - -e.. '+ .+ -. -+ - + '-. +. +e'+.-
- +.. --. ++ +..|. ;+. -+.= + '++ , + ~.'
-.-. , a. '++.-... -.+-.-. +'-+ --+ +-.- -
~. .
~-. +e'+.- - +.. - +'-+ --+ '+ ++
- .-+ ~--.- -.-.
-.+- . +'-+ --+.=. .. .--. ~..
+'u-. -- =i. =. +=
.. +. -.+.-.,.- +--'=+.+'-.
'.
T.Y.B.A. / 99
Prescribed Text-books as per New Pattern T.Y.B.A.
English (Compulsory, G-3, S-3 and S-4).
(a) Compulsory English :
Book prepared by the Board of Studies in English.
(b) General Paper-3 :
(I) The Winged Word
Edited by David Green, Published by MacMullan.
The following Poems only :
(a) Lines WritenTintern Abbey
W. Wordsworth
(b) Kubla KhanS. T. Coleridge
(c) When We Two PartedLord Byron
(d) Ode to the West WindP. B. Shelley
(e) Bright StarJohn Kents
(f) Ode To AutumnJohn Kents
(g) In Memorian (From the Epilogue)Lord
Tennyson
(h) A Grammarians FuneralRobert Browaing
(i) Memorial VersesMathew Arnold
(j) The Blessed DamozelRossetti.
(II) Wuthering Heights : Emile Bronte.
(III) David Copperfield : Charles Dickens.
T.Y.B.A. / 100
Format of Question Paper - English Special Paper III
An Introduction to the Study of the English
Language-I.
I. The Nature of Language : Topics :
(a) Characteristics of Language-Language as an
articulated system of signs, speech the primary
medium of Language.
(b) The difference between speech and writing.
(c) Functions of Language.
(d) Levels of Linguistic analysis : Phonetics,
Phonology Graphology, Lexicology, Morphology,
Syntax, Semantics.
II. The Sounds of Speech : Phonetics :
(a) Branches of Phonectics.
(b) The organs of speech.
(c) Place of and manner of articulation.
(d) Levels of Linguistic analysis : Phonetics, Phonology.
(e) Vowels, Consonants, Semivowels.
(f) The Phonetic alphabet.
III. The Sound of English : Phonology : (First Term)
(a) The Study of distinctive sounds : the notions,
Phoneme and allophone.
(b) The vowels of R.P.
(c) The Consonants of R.P.
(d) Phonetic analysis of English Phonemes :
(i) Vowels (ii) Consonents.
(e) Problems in the inventory of English Phoneme.
(f) A comparison between the R.P. and the Indian
English vowels and consonants.
(g) The Structure of English phonemic syllabus.
T.Y.B.A. / 101
IV. Grammar in use : (First Term)
A. Contents
(a) Referring to objects, substances and materials.
(b) Abstractions
(c) Amount of Quality.
(d) Definite and indefinite meaning.
(e) Relations between ideas expressed by nouns.
(f) Restrictive and non-restrictive meaning.
(g) Time-tense and aspect.
(h) Time-when.
(i) Duration.
(j) Frequency.
(k) Place direction and distance.
(l) Manner, means and instrument.
(m) Cause, reason and purpose.
(n) Condition and Contrast.
(o) Degree.
(p) Role, Standard and Viewpoint.
(q) Comparison.
(r) Addition, exception and restriction.
Practical Work
1. Practical in a prescribed form of phonetic transcription
(recommended A. S. Hornby et. al ! The Advanced Learners
Dictionary of Current English Language), reading aloud and
writing.
2. Practice in using a pronouncing dictionary.
3. Drawing the following diagrams/charts :
(a) Organs of speech.
(b) The primary cardinal vowels chart.
(c) The English vowles chart and the positions of R.P.
and Indian English vowels and
(d) The English Consonant Chart.
T.Y.B.A. / 102
I.The English Language Today : (Second Term)
(a) The importance of English.
(b) Varieties of English and Classes of varities Regional
variation, standard English, National standards of
English, British, American Indian.
Varieties according to subject-matter.
Varieties according to medium.
Varieties according to Interference.
Relationship between variety classes : varieties
within a variety.
(c) Present day trends.
II. The phonology of English : (Second Term)
(a) The stress in English : Word stress, sentence stress,
grammatical stress (e.g. expert (N), expert (V),
present (N) present (V).
(b) The intonation system of English.
(c) Rhythm.
(d) Week forms.
III. Grammar in use : (Second Term)
A. Information, reality and belief :
(a) Statements questions and responses.
(b) Omission of information.
(c) Reported statements and question.
(d) Denial and affirmation.
(e) Agreement and disagreement.
(f) Fact, hypothesis and neutrality.
(g) Degree of Likelihood.
(h) Attitudes to truth.
B. Mood, emotion and attitudes :
(a) Emotive emphasis in speech.
(b) Describing emotion.
(c) Volition.
(d) Permission and obligation.
(e) Influencing People.
(f) Friendly communications.
(g) Vocatives.
T.Y.B.A. / 103
C. Meaning in connected discourse :
(a) Linking signals.
(b) Linking constructions.
(c) General purpose links.
(d) Substitution and Omission.
(e) Presenting and focusing information.
(f) Order and emphasis.
Prescribed Books : Anderson N.L. & Stagebeig N.L.
1. Introductory Reading on Language. Rev.: Third Edition,
1966.
2. Bansal R.K. and Harrison G.B.-Spoken English for India.
3. Brook G.L.-History of English Language-London.
4. Leoch G. and S. Vertivik J.
A Communicative Grammar of English-Longman, 1975
ELBS.
5. O Connor, J.D.-Better English Pronunciation-ELBS, 1970.
6. Quirk Reteal- A University Grammar of English Longman
Ch. I, Appendix II.
7. Strang Barbara, M.H. : Modern English StructureLondon,
Edward Arnold,1962.
Recommended Books
1. Bolinger Dwight-Aspects of Language-Harcomat, Brace
& Jonavich, 1975.
2. Derbyshine A.E.-A Description of English, New Delhi,
Arnold Heineman, 1972.
3. Gimson A.C.-An Introduction to the Pronunciation of
English, E.L.B.S., 1970.
4. Spellings-Dictation Pieces, O.U.P., 1964.
5. Langacker R.W.-Language and its Structure, New York-
Hercorint, Brace and Ward, 1973, 2nd Ed.
6. Balasubramaniyam-A Text Book of English Phonetics,
Macmillan.
7. Hooper-A Quick English Reference (Part I only).
T.Y.B.A. / 104
Appendix
n +|=+ a-a+ ou|+ + ---- ain = z==ia ai=.
(c) Special Paper-3 :
Reading list :
(a) Spoken English for IndiaBausal+Harrison
(b) A Text book of English Phonetics
T. Balasubramanian
(c) GrammarChristopher Sandvid
(d) English Conversational PracticeGrand Scot
(e) Five Great Indian NovelsA Discourse Analysis-
Ashok Thorat
(f) Principles of PragmaticsG. N. Leech
(g) Varieties of EnglishJ. L. B. Moody
(h) University GrammarQuick and Greenbaum
(i) Aspects of LanguageR. W. Langacker
(j) Introduction to LinguisticsWardhangh.
T.Y.B.A. / 105
English Special Paper IV (S-4)
Text Prescribed
(I) Shakespeare :
(i) Macbeth-ed. B.Groom (New Clarendon - O.U.P.)
(ii) Twelfth Night-ed. J.C.Dent (New Clarendon-O.U.P)
(II) Literary Criticism :
Topics
(1) Why study Literature.
(2) Elements of Poetry.
(3) Elements of Drama.
(4) Elements of Fiction.
(5) Nature and function of Criticism.
(6) Practical Criticism.
Books Recommended
May head Robin-Understanding Literature (Blackie and
Sons).
Abrams M.H.-A Glossary of Literary Terms (Macmillan).
Coombes H.-Literature and Criticism (Penguine).
Hudson W.H.-An Introduction to the Study of Literature.
Monfries Helon-An Introduction to Criticial
Appreciation of foregin literature (Macmillan).
V.Safarman, C.T.Indra and T.Shriraman-The Practical
Criticism (Macmillan).
Watson George-The study of Literature.
Schrieber-An Introduction to Literature Criticism (O.L.).
Murphy-Understanding Unsans.
T.Y.B.A. / 106
n + |=+ a -a+ o u|+ + ---- ain = z==ia ai=.
(d) Special English Paper-4 :
Reading list :
(a) Critical Approaches to LiteratureDavid Daiches
(b) Five Approaches to LiteratureScott
(c) Introduction to Literary CriticismSchriber
(d) Literary TermsM. H. Abrams
(e) Understanding UnseensC. J. Murphy
(f) Understanding PoetryHelen Monfries
(g) Theory of LiteratureRene Wellee and Austen
Waren.
T.Y.B.A. / 107
Format of Question Paper
ENGLISH SPECIAL PAPER IV-S-4
Total Marks : 100 Time : 3 hours
Total number of questions five (with adequate options).
All questions carry equal marks.
Q. 1. Long answer type question on Twelth Night (a. b. c).
Q. 2. Long answer type question on Macbeth (a. b. c).
Q. 3. A topic from literary criticism
a long answer type question.
Q. 4. A topic from literary criticism
a long answer type question.
Q. 5. Practical criticism : a poem of about 14 to 20 lines.
T.Y.B.A. / 108
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.. -. ,~) -.= + +'~.+.= -.. -:.+ +.
,+) ~.'u- .= '+~+- -: +. +. .
T.Y.B.A. / 109
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T.Y.B.A. / 110
-ao= aa--
:- |-
,-) '-..-+.-. ,+.+ .+) - + --+-.= ~.+.-
,) -+-+ ~+ .-.'+=.
,,) --+-- ~.+.- '++. '++-u+
T.Y.B.A. / 111
(9) Persian
Appendix
UNIVERSITY OF PUNE
T.Y.B.A. Persian (General Paper-III)
(2000-2001, 2001-2002, 2002-2003)
(A) Rahbar-e-Nazad-e-Bav-Chapter II & III
(B) Chahar Maqala by Nizami Aruzu Samarqandi. (Chapter-
II and III)
(a) Intekhab-e-Parsi-e-Jadid.
(b) Translation of unseen passage of Persian in English
( i ) Critical appreciation of Essays or their Authors
life sketch and their literary contribution. 20
( ii) Question on the subject-matter of the Essays of
Intekhab-e-Parsi-e-Jadid. 15
(iii) Reference to context. Three out of five passages
from the Intekhab-e-Parsi-e-Jadid. 15
(iv) Translation on unseen Persian passage into
English 10
Total marks : 60
T.Y.B.A. / 112
(B) Portion for Annual Examination :
Portion prescribed as above.
Pattern of question Paper
( i ) Critical appreciation of Essays or their Authors
life sketch and their literary contribution. 15
( ii) Translation of 3 passages out of 5 from the
Intekhab-e-Parsi-e-Jadid into Urdu or Marathi or
English. 16
(iii) Critical question on Nizami Aruzu Samarqandi or
on the book or his age. 15
(iv) Reproduction of story from Chahar Maqala in
Persian (1 out of 3). 10
( v) Translation of 3 passages out of 5 from Chahar
Maqala. 24
Total marks : 80
T.Y.B.A. Persian (Special Paper III)
(2000-2001, 2001-2002, 2002-2003)
As per the previous syllabus.
T.Y.B.A. Persian (Special Paper IV)
(2000-2001, 2001-2002, 2002-2003)
Ganeshkhind, Pune-411007. N. M. Kadam
Ref. No. L CBA/ for Registrar.
Date :
T.Y.B.A. / 113
General Paper-III (G-3)
Persian
(Special Paper-III)
Persian
(Special Paper-IV)
T.Y.B.A. / 114
(10) Arabic
Arabic General (G-3)
(A) (1) Grammar and (2) Essay.
(1) Qiratul Waheeda Part-III by Waheeduzzman,
Keranwi.
Lessons : 15, 17, 23, 28, 46, 55, 56.
(2) Essay : Based on the Text.
(B) Prose and Poetry.
(1) Prose : Mukhatarat-Min-al-Arab by A. H. Nadvi.
Lessons : (1) Ibad-ar-Rahman. (2) Jawame-al-Kalim.
(3) Ad-deen-as-sanai, (4) Al-Kookh-wal-
qaser.
(2) Poetry : Majmooa-Min-Nazam-Wan-Nathr. : by
Mohammed Sharif Saleem.
The eminent poets :
(1) Hafiz Ibrahim 23 couplets (complete)
(2) Al-Barudi 7 23 couplets (complete)
(3) Abul-ala-al-Marri 15 23 couplets (complete)
(4) Al-buhtari 12 23 couplets (complete)
(5) Busshar-bib-burd 10 23 couplets (complete)
(6) Abul-Atahiya 14 23 couplets (complete)
(7) Al-Farzdaq 14 23 couplets (complete)
(8) Ahu-Tammapur 15 23 couplets (complete)
(11) French (G-3)
French (from 1993)
(a) A vous de lire (Book 2)
(1) Alphonse Daudet
Le secret de maltre Cornile.
(2) Victor Rugo.
La mort de Gavroche.
(3) La Bruyere : Theramene
(4) Guy de Maupassant : Histoire vraie
(b) A vous de lire (Book 3)
(1) Arthur Rimband.
Dormeur du Val.
(2) Charles Baudelaire.
Invitation au voyage.
(3) Joachim Du Bellay.
Heureux qui comme Ulysse.
(4) Leconte de Lisle : Midi
Grammar : Topic from Mauger II
Lessons : 37 to 65 (grammar only).
New Course (From 98/99)
From the book : Selection of French Texts for S.Y. &
T.Y.B.A. French Course (General), University of Pune, 1997.
Section A : Dossier
4. Medias 5 : La vie moderne
Dossier 6 : Francophonie
Dossier 7 : Facon de vivre
T.Y.B.A. / 116
Section B : Grammaire
Section C : Experssion Orale et ecrite-Resumer, Ecrire une
lettre, Les marque du codes orale, Les figures
de rhetorique, Exercices de style
Section D : Traduction.
SPECIAL PAPER III
(19th Century French Literature & History of
France)
(a) Study of the following authors and their works as in
Sommets Litterires:
( i ) Lamartine : Le, lac.
( ii) Balzat : Pere Goriot.
(iii) V. Hugo : Fonction du Poete.
(iv) Vigny : La mort du Lour and Mont des Olivers.
( v) Gautier : Lart.
(vi) Baudelaire : Lalbatros, Elevation, Correspondence,
Harmonie du soir, Receuillement.
(vii) Flaubert : Mme. Bovary
(viii) Verlaine : LArt Poetique
(ix) Rimbaud : Voyelles
(b) History-From the book Histoire, de France Chapters 17
to 25.
SPECIAL PAPER IV
(20th Century French Literature and Geography
of France)
(a) Study of the following authors from Sommets Litteraires
( i ) Charles Peguy-
Adieux de Jeanne d Arc,
Hereux ce qui sont morts.
T.Y.B.A. / 117
( ii) Paul Claudel-
La jeune fille donne un baiser au
Ie prux
(iii) Marcel Proust-
Madeleine et the
(iv) Francois Mauriac-
Tentative de lempoisonnment.
( v) Colette-
Unelecon de coquetterie.
(vi) Appollinaire-
Pont Mirabeau, Colombe poignardee.
(vii) Monterlant-La Reine Morte.
(viii) Duhamel-La nouvelle de ;Heritage.
Geography : from the book Geographic Chapters 1, 2, 3.
Question Paper Format/Pattern and Distribution of
Marks for T.Y.B.A. Special Paper III
(A) Question on literature
qu. 1, 2, 3 of 20 marks each (203=60)
Q. 4 RTC 20 Marks
(B) History of France 20 marks
T.Y.B.A. Special Paper IV
(A) Question on literature 80
qu. 1, 2, 3 of 20 marks each (203=60)
qu. 4 RTC 20 marks.
(B) Geography of France 20 marks.
T.Y.B.A. G III
(A) Oral Examination : 25 marks
T.Y.B.A. / 118
(B) Written Examination : 75 marks
Qu.1. Short questions based on Texts : 15 marks
Qu.2. Long question based on texts : 10 marks
Qu.3. Precis/Comprehension : 10 marks
Qu.4. Grammar and vocabulary : 20 marks
Qu.5. Translation a. English into French : 10 marks
b. French into English : 10 marks
T.Y.B.A. / 119
(12) German
Appendix
UNIVERSITY OF PUNE
Circular No. 108/99
T.Y.B.A. (German)
I Paper No. : Special Paper III - 100 Marks
II Paper Title : Study of Literature in German -
Adv. Level
III Objectives of : To continue the study of literature
the Paper begun in Sp. Paper I and
consolidate the understanding by
reading longer and more significant
works while using/applying the
concepts of critical study
IV Contents : (a) A dramatic work from modern
period. The proposed work is
Der Besuch der alten Dame
by Drrenmatt.
(b) Longer Prose Narratives -
App. 1
(c) Selections from Poetry -
App. 2
V Weightage : (a) Study of Drame 40%
(b) Prose Narratives 25%
(c) Poetry 20%
(d) Translation of an
unseen literary passage 15%
for community.
T.Y.B.A. / 120
APPENDIX : III/1
1. Die Verbotenen Baume : Jurek Becker
2. Der Nachbar : Franz Kafka
3. Domenica : Wolf Wondratschek
4. Unsterblich wie Steine : Gerhard Zwerenz.
nur weniger hart
5. Die Butows : Gabriele Wohmann
6. Die Linkshnder : Gnter Grass (not attached
in Appendix).
APPENDIX : III/2
1. Die Nachtigall : Th. Storm
2. Das Aesthetische Wiesel : Chr. Morgenstern
3. Vereinsamt : Fr. Nietzsche
4. Klbermarsch : B. Brecht
5. Der Pflaumenbaum : B. Breacht
6. Inventur : G. Eich
7. Alle tage : I. Bachmann
8. Vorsichtshalber : H. Domin
9. Middle Class Blues : H. M. Enzensbergen
10. 68 Lebensjahre : Kri. Bauerhorn
11. Stiefmllerchen Revolution : G. Kunert
12. Farben : Ror Wolf
13. Floskeln : R. Otto Wiemer
14. Hiroschima : Marie L. Kaschnitz
15. Nimm deinen Segen : B. Wegner
16. Warn meine Hnde : B. Wegner
17. Alte Frau : Arun Kolatkar
Ubersetzt Von
18. Bhagwadgita : H. Hesse
19. Inder : Th. Daubler
20. Sakontala : Goethe
T.Y.B.A. / 121
I Paper No. : Special Paper IV - 60 Marks
(40 marks are for oral examination)
II Paper Title : German Culture and Civilization
Adv. Level
III Objectives of : (a) To further the knowledge of
the Paper German culture and civilization
begun in Sp. Paper II making
use of 4 elementary types of
writing an essay :
1. Report (Bericht)
2. Interview
3. Discussion (Erorterung)
4. Subjective (Fantasizing)
(b) Applying the contrastive
method i.e. reference to the
Indian reality as their
understanding of the present
world is to be enhanced.
IV Contents/Tasks : (a) An essay of 300 upto 500 words
depending on the form
(b) Selected texts to illustrate the
family, work and media aspects
of the German Culture -
Appendix 1.
(c) Vocabulary exercises based on
these texts.
V Weightage : (a) Essay 25 marks
(b) Comprehension 20 marks
of the texts
(c) Vocabulary exercises 15 marks
T.Y.B.A. / 122
APPENDIX : IV/1
1. Ein ganz beliebiger : Maxie Wander
2. Der Beruf des Vaters : Michael Scharang
3. Ankunft in Indien : Lukas Hartmann
4. Die Grenzen and Mglichkeiten
des Sozialstaates
5. Auf gro Ber Fahrt zu : Medientext (advt.)
den Perlen der Sdsee
6. Wenn junge Menschen nicht : Maria M. Held
mehr leben wollen
7. Am Bana-Tagebuchaufzeichnungen
WAS SAGEN SIE
DAZU ?
Hueber
ISBN 3-19-00.1354-3
8. ber das Essen : ,,
T.Y.B.A. / 123
T.Y.B.A.
I Paper No. : General Paper III-100 Marks
II Paper Title : Use of Language
III Objectives : (a) To help the students savour
small but authentic samples of
the German language while
training them with further
grammar and syntax using
both literary and non-literary
texts Appendix-1.
(b) Train them for basic
independent work with the
language like letter-writing,
precis, gist-writing etc.
IV Contents : (1) Third part of the Textbook
Sprachkurs Deutsch
(Hausermann et.al.) is to be
prescribed.
(2) Contents from App. 1
V Weightage : (a) Literary and non-literary texts
App. 1 30%
(b) Grammar, vocabulary and
syntax 25%
(c) Letter 10%
* (d) Comprehension/precise/Gist
20%
(e) Translation from German into
English 15%
* = of an unseen passage.
T.Y.B.A. / 124
APPENDIX : G III/1
1. Was ist ein Computer ?
2. Am Anfang war Eva
3. Untergang der Wale
4. Wegen mir soll kein Tier leiden
5. Bionik
6. Zwei Bcker
7. Der propre Ganter
8. Frher war das ..
9. Fische
10. Fremdsprachen
11. Ohne Gepck
12. ber Berufe
T.Y.B.A. / 125
Revised List of Prescribed Texts and Recommended Books
(Effective from June 1994).
N.B. : (1) The prescribed texts and recommended books
are changed w.e.f. June 1994.
(2) The syllabus, examination pattern and
distribution of marks remain unchanged, until
otherwise decided and duly notified.
1. GERMANGeneral Paper II
(Study of Sach-und Fachtexte)
Prescribed for textual study :
B. B. Kulkarni : Sach-und Fachtexte fur den
Deutschunterricht-2. Reihe (Hektographiertes Leseheft).
2. GERMANSpecial Paper III
(Study of longer Narratives and Drama/Horspiale)
Prescribed Narratives :
1. Stefan Zweig-Die Gouvernante.
2. Heinrich Mann-Abdaankung.
3. Siegfried Lenz-Amusierdoktor.
4. Martin Walser-Ich suchte eine Frau.
5. Gabriele Wohmann-Treibjagd.
Prescribed Drama :
Fr. Durrenmatt-Herkules and der Stall des Augias.
3. GERMAN-Special Paper IV
(Study of Poetry, Essay writing and Oral)
Prescribed Poems :
B. B. Kulkarni-German Verse-An Anthology for
Indian Students.
Serial Nos. 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 31, 39, 40,
42, 44, 47 and sixteen more from 47 to 62.
Essay writing and Oral :
No prescribed book. (The Teacher may use any suitable
material).
T.Y.B.A. / 126
Appendix
Question Paper format for T.Y.B.A. German
GERMAN-GENERAL PAPER II
(3 hours, 100 Marks)
(1) Long-answer (content-oriented) questions
on the prescribed Sach-und Fachtexte
(2 out of 4/5). 20
(2) Short-answer questions on Sach-und Fachtexte
(6 out of 8/9). 30
(3) Translation from German into English (Unseen). 10
(4) Translation from English into German (Unseen). 10
(5) Writing an informative letter to a German
pen-friend about some given local, or India
topical subject 91 out of 3). 15
(6) Precis/Summary of an unseen German Passage. 15
GERMAN-SPECIAL PAPER III
(3 hours, 100 Marks)
(Dramatic Texts and Longer Narrative Texts
There shall be in all only 5 (five) questions, each offering
adequate internal options and carrying 20 marks each : Two
questions shall be exclusively on the narrative.
Texts, another two shall be on the Dramatic Texts, and
the 5th question of several shorter questions on both the
Narrative and the Dramatic Texts. (e.g. short notes, explanation
of textual quotations, specific terms used in literary criticism or
appreciation, etc.)
T.Y.B.A. / 127
GERMAN-SPECIAL PAPER IV
(Poetry, Essay-Writing & Oral)
N.B. : The Examination for this Paper shall consist of
two parts :
PART ONEWritten Paper (3 hours, 50 marks), and
PART TWOOral examination to be taken separately
by the Panel of Examiners (50 Marks).
Written Paper :
(1) An Essay in German on one of the 3 to
5 given topics, to be written after giving
a brief Gliederung (i.e. point-by-point
synopsis) 25
(2) Critical questions on the prescribed poems
(3 out of 5/6) 15
(3) Content-oriented questions on the prescribed
poems (e.g. Grundgedanke, Inhaltsangabe,
etc.) - (2 out of 3/4) 10
Oral Test : (To be taken separately for each Candidate
by a Panel of at least two examiners).
This should consist of
(a) Reading aloud a self-contained unseen passage.
(b) Answering questions on the passage, concerning the
meaning of contents, its style, specific grammatical points
involved in it, the views of the author expressed in it, etc.
(c) A brief 3 to 5 minutes extempore talk on a topic to be
given 15-20 minutes prior to the oral test of the individual
Candidate.
Consolidated marks (out of 50) should given, given due
weightage to pronuciation, intonation, fluency, accuracy,
capacity, case and clarity of expression.
T.Y.B.A. / 128
(13) Russian
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T.Y.B.A. / 130
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T.Y.B.A. / 132
(16) Philosophy
G-3 : Philosophy of Art and Literature
OR
Philosophy of Religion
S III-Epistemology & Metaphysics
S IV-Contemporary Philosophy
G-3 : Philosophy of Art and Literature
Section I :
Philosophy of Art :
1. Nature of Philosophy of Art, Autonomy of aesthetics;
Nature of aesthetic experience and work of art; Creation,
appreciation and evaluation of a work of art; Aesthetic and
non-aesthetic evaluation; Logical features of aesthetic
judgement.
2. Types of Art : Nature and aesthetic features of Painting,
Dance, Music, Sculpture and Literature.
3. Nature of Art : Art as imitation; Art as intuition, Art
as expression, Art as communication; Art as significant from
philosophical problems concerning the above.
4. Some concepts of aesthetics : Beauty, Sublime Work
of art, and aesthetic objects. Problem of defining concepts
in aesthetics.
Section II :
Philosophy of Literature :
5. Aesthetics and literary criticism; Art and morality,
Philosophical problems concerning the relation between the
two (with special reference to literature), Cultural relativism in
the field of creation and criticism.
6. Nature of a literary work of art. Significance of form
and relevance of context in literature. Role of medium.
T.Y.B.A. / 133
7. Nature and aesthetic features of story, poem, play,
novel and tragedy.
8. Some concepts of Indian aesthetics : Rasa, Bhava,
Dhvani.
List of Books
Books for reading :
1. Aidrich : Philosophy of Art.
2. Patankar, R. B. : Aesthetics and Literary Criticism.
3. Mardhekar, B. S. : Art and the man.
4. .:+. .. ~.. . -.-.-.-..
5. Langer Susan : Problems of Art.
Books of Reference :
1. Langer Susan : Feeling and Form
2. Daiches David : Critical Approaches to Literature.
3. Deshpande, G. T. : Abhinavagupta (Sahitya Academy
Publication).
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OR
G-3 : Philosophy of Religion
Section I :
1. Nature of religion; its origin and development; Religion
and God.
2. Nature and problems of philosophy of religion;
Philosophy of Religion and Theology; Philosophy of Religion
and Philosophy.
T.Y.B.A. / 134
3. Concept of God; Attributes of God; Proofs for the
existence of God.
4. God and the world : Deism, Theism and Pantheism.
Section II :
5. Nature and Validity of Religious experience; Revolution,
Mysticism.
6. Practice of Religion : Workship, rites and rituals,
Symbolism and Sects.
7. Religion and Morality; Problem of evil, Sin Merit;
Grace and Salvation.
8. Place of Religion in human life; Religion State and
individual. Concepts of Secularism Religions, tolerance and
problem of conversion.
List of Books
Books for Reading :
1. John HickPhilosophy of Religion-Prentice Hall.
2. Thomas M. C. PhersonPhilosophy of Religious Belief.
3. ... . .. -.= --+-.+.
Books for Reference :
1. -- +:.- - ~.' '+-.+.
2. Dr. RadhakrishnanRecovery of faith.
3. Dr. RadhakrishnanReligion and Culture.
4. MitchellPhilosophy of Religion (Oxford Reading in
Philosophy).
5. Donald SmithIndia as a secular State.
6. -.--. ..-.+. ~- -.+'++ ---.
T.Y.B.A. / 135
Philosophy
Special Paper III
EPISTEMOLOGY AND METAPHYSICS
Section I
Theory of knowledge
Topic 1 :
1.1 Centrality of Epistemological issues in Philosophy.
1.2 Relationship of epistemology to other branches of
Philosophy.
1.3 Elements of knowledge-concept, image and pro-position.
1.4 Source of knowledge-(a) Sense experience, (b) Reason,
(c) Authority, (d) Infection, (e) Faith.
1.5 Skepticism.
Topic 2 :
2.1 Notion of truth-as a characteristic of proposition.
2.2 Truth and belief.
2.3 Criterion for truth- (a) Swatahpramayna,
(b) Paratahpramanya, (c) Correspondence, (d) Coherence,
(e) Utility.
2.4 Notion of error-(a) Nyaya theory, (b) Mimamsa theory.
Topic 3 :
3.1 A priori and a posteriori propositions.
3.2 Analytic and synthetic propositions.
3.3 Characterising mathematical and logical principles in terms
of the above.
3.4 Principle off verifiability : nature and scope.
Topic 4 :
4.1 Nature of Universals.
4.2 Theories regarding the metaphysical-status of Universals
(a) Realism, (b) Conceptualism, (c) Nominalism,
(d) Family resemblance.
T.Y.B.A. / 136
Section II
Metaphysics
Topic 1 :
Concept of change and causality :
1.1 Nature of (a) metaphysics and epistemology, Possibility
of metaphysics, nature of metaphysical inquiry, Statement
of the view of metaphysics expressed by Kant, Hume,
Ayer, Marx, Dewey, Sartre.
1.2 Concept of change, metaphysical problem concerning
the nature of change, Arguments for the unreality of
change-idealistic position.
1.3 Realists position of the nature of change, Criticism of
idealstic position.
1.4 Principle of Causality-causal relation as a necessary
relation. Humes account of causality, Philosophical
consequences of Humes position.
1.5 Kants criticism of Humes position, Kants view of
causality.
1.6 The Nyaya theory of causation.
1.7 Buddhist theory of causation.
1.8 Sankhya theory of causation.
1.9 Problem of Determinism Vs. Freedom. Nature of free will.
1.10 Theory of KarmaStatement and Criticism.
Topic 2 :
Concept of Mind :
2.1 Problem of mind-body relation.
2.2 Intractionism-statement and criticism.
2.3 Behaviourism-statement and criticism.
2.4 Mind-brain identity theory-statement and criticism.
2.5 Concept of self-Atman and Antahkarana Chatushtaya
(Indian View).
2.6 Problem of personal identy.
T.Y.B.A. / 137
Topic 3 :
Nature of the External World :
3.1 Concept of material object-problem concerning their
metaphysical status.
Are material objects real or unreal ?
3.2 Realism-statement and criticism with special reference to
naive and critical forms of realism.
3.3 Idealism-statement and criticism.
3.4 Phenomenalism-statement and criticism.
Topic 4 :
Categories :
4.1 Treatment of categories by Aristole.
4.2 Treatment of categories by Kant.
4.3 Russells theory of types.
4.4 Ryles doctrine of category mistake.
Books for Reading
Section I and II
1. Hosperse John-Introduction to Philosophical Analysis,
Allied Publishers, 1971.
2. Ewing A. C.-Fundamental Questions in Philosophy-
Macmillan, 1951.
3. Hiriyanna N.-Outlines of Indian Philosophy-Allen and
Unwin, 1932.
4. Beck L. W. and Robert Holms-Philosophical Inquiry,
Prentice Hall, 1967.
5. Ryle G.-Article on Categories and Cha. I from
Concept of Mind.
T.Y.B.A. / 138
Books for reference for both Sections
1. Hospers Hohn-Readings in Introduction to Philosophical
Analysis-Prentice Hall, 1963
2. Titus H. S. and Hepp M. H.-The Range of Philosophy,
Affiliated East West Press, 1974.
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PHILOSOPHY SPECIAL
Paper IV
CONTEMPORARY PHILOSOPHY
Section I : Analytical Philosophy
Topic 1-Nature and methods of analytical philosophy
1.1 History and background of analytical philosophy-a brief
survey.
1.2 Method of analysis-(a) Moores method of analysis,
(b) Reductive analysis, (c) Logical construction,
(d) Ordinary language analysis.
1.3 A brief study of some deoctrines illustrative of the above
methods-(a) Morres view of Good, (b) Phenomenalism
and Physicalism, (c) Logical atomism, (d) Russells theory
of definite descriptions, (e) Wittgensteins view of
language-comparison of Tractatus and Philosophical
investigations.
T.Y.B.A. / 139
Topic 2-Main concepts of analytical Philosophy
2.1 Concept of meaning-
(a) Moores view of meaning.
(b) Denotative theory of meaning.
(c) Logical Postivists verification-principle.
(d) Wittgenstein view of meaning-picture theory vs.
Use theory of meaning.
2.2 Concept of necessity-
(a) Distinction between contingency and necessity.
(b) Logical necessity-criteria of necessity.
(c) Analyticity and necessity.
(d) Synthetic a prior judgements-Kants view and its
refutation by the logical positivists.
(e) Analytic synthetic distinction-explanation and
criticism.
Section II : Existentialism
Topic 3-Nature existentialism and existentialist methods.
3.1 A brief history and background of existentialism.
3.2 Salient features of existentialism.
3.3 Development of aesthetic and theistic forms of
existentialism.
3.4 Heideggers phenomenological method.
3.5 Sartres method and approach.
3.6 Marcels method and approach.
3.7 Place of existentialism in the contemporary philosophical
thought.
Topic 4-Main concepts of existentialist Philosophy.
4.1 Human existence-nation of subjectivity-Heidegger, Sartre
and Marcel on the nature of human existence.
4.2 Being and nothingness-Heideggers concepts of sein
and desein- Heideggers view of Nothingness-Sartres
view of Nothingness-Sartres view of human
consciousness.
T.Y.B.A. / 140
4.3 Freedom-existentialist interpretation of freedom-with
special reference to Sartre, Sartre on commitment and
decision.
4.4 Concept of authenticity-bad faith, dread and allenation.
Books for Reading
1. Urmson j O-Philosophical Analysis.
2. Warnock, G. J.-English Philosophy since 1900.
3. Blackham, H. J.-Six Existentialist Thinkers.
4. Warnock M.-The Philosophy of Sartre.
Books for Reference
1. Ayear, H. J.-Language Truth and Logic.
2. Ammerman, R. R. (ed.)-Classics of Analytic Philosophy.
3. Kaufman, W. (ed.)-Existentialism from Kierkeguard to
Sartre.
4. Schrader, G. A. (ed.)-Existential Philosophers : Kierkeguard
to Merlead-Ponty.
Marathi Books
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(Please see Appendix - Circular No. 233/1995)
T.Y.B.A. / 141
(17) Psychology
G-3 Applied Psychology
OR
Industrial Psychology
S III-Experimental Psychology (Theory)
S IV-Experimental Psychology (Practical)
Applied Psychology (G-3)
1. Nature, Scope, Fields of Applied Psychology
1.1 Definition of Psychology, Nature of theoretical and
applied psychology.
1.2 Field of Applied Psychology
Major fields : Educationals, clinical, industrial and
organizational psychology-Personnel,
organizational, Engineering consumer.
1.3 Subfields of Applied Psychology
Counselling, environment, criminal, law, family,
community, rural development, health, sports,
military, space.
2. Clinical Applications of Psychology
2.1 Stress : Nature and definition, sources of stress,
stressors, effects of stress, stress management.
2.2 Classifications of mental disorders (DSM-R-III-
1987).
2.3 Psychotherapy techniques : Psychoanalytically
oriented psychotheropies, Behaviour therapy,
learning therapy, cognitive therapy, humanistic
therapy, psychiatry, group therapy.
3. Education Application of Psychology
3.1 Competence : Definition, Nature, Scope and types.
3.2 Applications of psychology in education. Role of
educational Psychologists, Role of school
psychologists, Role of teacher.
T.Y.B.A. / 142
3.3 Evaluation in education : Nature of evaluation,
Evaluation types, Evaluation techniques.
3.4 Vocational psychology
Nature and importance of vocational
psychology vocational choice : Theories of
vocational choice, influencing factors on vocational
choice and vocational adjustment.
4. Family Life Applications
4.1 Psychology of family-definition, nature, types and
functions of family.
4.2 Communication and introduction in family.
4.3 Marriage, interaction, marrital adjustment.
4.4 Divorce, effect of divorce, some suggestions for
advoiding divorce.
4.5 Psychology of women-
Historical overview, definition and nature of women
psychology, some physical and cultural differences
and their effects, women perspectives in
psychological theory, psycho-social dimension in
womens life.
5. Applications of Psychology in Industry
5.1 Engineering psychology-Man-machine-
Environment system; Functions and Engineering
psychologist, job-setting.
5.2 Consumer psychology; nature, factors influencing
on consumer buying-consumer impart, information
reception, memory systems, consumer decision,
personal factors; functions of consumer
psychologist, methods used by consumer
psychologist-survey, projection, observation and
T.V. programme; factors in effective advertising;
recent trends in consumer psychology laterization,
children and advertising, consumer complience
techniques-Bait and switch, Low-call, Foot-in-the-
dor-techniques, reciprocity.
T.Y.B.A. / 143
6. Organizational Psychology
6.1 Organization : definition, nature & characteristics.
6.2 Organizational psychology-definition and nature.
6.3 Major fields of organizational psychology.
6.4 Personnel psychology; Personal selection and
placement.
6.6 Management Development Programme (E.D.P.)
7. Social Applications - I
7.1 Psychology of Social Change; Types of social
change, Measurement of social change.
Influencing factors on social change, Psychological
studies and role of psychologist in social change.
7.2 Psychology of Social Movement : Nature, types of
social movements, methods of studying social
movements.
7.3 Psychology of social work.
8. Social Applications-II
8.1 Psychology of Rural Development-meaning and
concept, characteristics of rural person.
8.2 Psychology of Superstitions-definition, Errors in
superstition-perception, also memory and
judgement, cognitive reference of superstition -a
social event. Types of Supersitition, and ways of
overcoming superstitions.
8.3 Social Aggression.
8.3.1 Violence : Mass media and violence, Social learning
theory, causes of group violence.
8.3.2 Terrorism : definition and characteristics of
terrorists, four hypothesis of terrorism.
T.Y.B.A. / 144
9. Environmental Applications
9.1 Study of environment : definition, characteristics
and scope.
9.2 Noise pollution : effects on performance of noise
pollution, Noise pollution and social behaviour,
personal effects of noise pollution.
9.3 Crowding-types of spatial zones, consequences of
high density.
9.4 Population psychology-Issues of population
psychology-deprivation, migration, urban stress,
motivation for birth control.
10. Other Applications of Psychology
10.1 Psychology and law : Contribution of psychology
to law.
10.2 Psychology in Politics-Political socialization,
dimensions of political behaviour, power and
politics, voting behaviour, political behaviour in
group.
10.3 Military psychology-Personnel selection and
training, problems in space travelling, adjustment
to minitary living, resource moral and productivity;
reactions to disasters-brain-washing, DDD
syndrome, designing equipment, psychological
warfare.
10.4 Sport-psychology-personality and athletic
performance, motivational model, sport performance
and social motivations, secondary reinforcement,
audience effect and team-cohesiveness.
T.Y.B.A. / 145
Appendix
T. Y. B. A. Psychology : G-3
Industrial and Organizational Psychology
(Revised from June 2000)
Objectives :
To acquaint the students with
1. Basic concepts of Industrial Psychology and
Organizational Behaviour.
2. The applications of Psychological principles in the
industrial setting.
3. To present a new perspective about industrial and
organizational behaviour.
1. Introduction to Industrial Psychology and Organizational
Behaviour Periods 12
1.1 Nature, Scope and definition of Industrial
Psychology.
1.2 Aims and objectives of Industrial Psychology.
1.3 Fields of Industrial Psychology :
( i ) Personnel Psychology.
( ii) Consumer Psychology.
(iii) Advertisement and Salesmanship.
(iv) Human Engineering Psychology.
( v) Organizational Psychology.
(vi) Social Industrial Psychology.
1.4 Nature and Definition of Organizational behaviour.
1.5 Theoretical framework : Cognitive, behaviouristic,
social learning framework.
1.6 Organizational Behaviour Model.
T.Y.B.A. / 146
2. Personnel Selection and Training Periods 10
2.1 Steps in Personnel Selection.
2.2 Techniques of Personnel Selection I : Application
blank, Personal data sheet, Interview.
2.3 Techniques of Personnel Selection II : use of
Psychological tests.
2.4 Identifying training needs.
2.5 Different training techniques.
3. Human Relations Periods 10
3.1 The nature, purpose and importance of human
relations.
3.2 The forces influencing behaviour at work :
( i ) Organizational culture.
( ii) Supervisory management influence.
(iii) Work-group influence.
(iv) Job influence.
( v) Personal characteristics of the worker.
(vi) Family influence.
3.3 Major themes in human relations :
( i ) Communication.
( ii) Self-awareness.
(iii) Self-acceptance.
(iv) Motivation.
( v) Trust.
(vi) Self-disclosure.
(vii) Conflict-management.
3.4 New approach to success.
3.5 Towards right livelihood :
( i ) Work as vehicle for self-expression.
( ii) Relationship with money.
(iii) Non-financial resources-Physical and mental
health
T.Y.B.A. / 147
4. Communication Periods 10
4.1 The communication process :
( i ) Impersonal Vs Interpersonal Communication.
( ii) Sender-Message Receiver.
4.2 Communication filters :
( i ) Semantics.
( ii) Emotions.
(iii) Attitudes.
(iv) Role expectation.
( v) Gender biases.
4.3 Ways to improve personal communicationSending
clear messages, using words carefully, using
repetition, using appropriate timing, developing
listening skills.
4.4 Communication Channels in Organizations :
( i ) Formal channels.
( ii) Vertical channels.
(iii) Horizontal channels.
(iv) Informal channels.
4.5 Communication technology :
( i ) Management information system (MIS).
( ii) Telecommunication.
(iii) E-mail and related technology.
5. Motivation Periods 10
5.1 Meaning of MotivationNature, Definition and
Characteristics.
5.2 Classification of motives :
( i ) Primary.
( ii) Motives.
(iii) General motivescuriosity, manipulation,
affection, activity.
(iv) Secondary motivespower motive,
achievement motive, affiliation motive,
security motive, status motive.
T.Y.B.A. / 148
5.3 Theories of motivation :
( i ) Maslows need hierarchy.
( ii) Herzbergs two factor theory.
5.4 Mc Gregors theory X and Y, theory Z.
5.5 Motivation strategies :
( i ) Motivation through job design.
( ii) Entrepreneurial incentives.
(iii) Training and education.
(iv) Motivation through incentives.
( v) Motivation through empowerment.
6. Leadership and Leadership Styles Periods 12
6.1 Nature and Definition of leadership.
6.2 Theories of leadership :
( i ) Behavioural theoriesIOWA, Ohio State,
Michigan studies.
( ii) Trait theories.
(iii) Contingency theoriesFiedlers theory. Path-
goal theory.
6.3 Situational theoriesHersey and Blanchards
theory.
Modern theoriesCharismatic leadership theory,
transformation leadership theory, social learning
theory.
6.4 The roles and activities of leadershipLeader-
Manager roles, activities of successful leader.
6.5 Leadership skills.
7. Conflicts and Conflict Management Periods 12
7.1 Nature and definition of conflicts.
7.2 Types of conflicts : Intraindividual, interpersonal,
intergrass organizational conflicts.
7.3 Strategies for dealing with conflicts : win-win
strategy loose, loose strategy, win loose
assertiveness, negotiation skills.
T.Y.B.A. / 149
7.4 Key elements of conflict resolution : Attitude
adjustment, effective leader, A formal conflict
resolution plan, the pear review option.
8. Stress and Stress Management Periods 10
8.1 Meaning of Stress : Nature and Definition.
8.2 Causes of Stress :
Extra Organizational Stressors.
Organizational Stressors.
Group Stressors.
Individual Stressors.
8.3 Effects of Stress :
Physical Problems due to Stress.
Psychological Problems due to Stress.
Behavioural Problems due to Stress.
8.4 Coping strategies for Stress :
Individual Coping Strategies.
Organizational Coping Strategies.
9. Team Building Periods 12
9.1 The nature of teams.
9.2 Basic beliefs about team workMc Gregors
influence, the leadership grid, Halls contributions,
behavioural science principles supporting team
building.
9.3 Team Work : The empolyees role, employee
empowerment, employee as a leader, becoming a
valued team member.
9.4 Team-building guidelines for leaders
consideration, structure, improving consideration
skills, recognize accomplishments etc.
9.5 Improving structure skillsdefining goals clearly,
encouraging individual goal setting, providing
relevant feedback often, dealing with poor
performance immediately, structure vs control.
T.Y.B.A. / 150
10. The Changing Roles of Men and Women Periods 10
10.1 Traditional roles are changing.
10.2 Problems facing women in organization.
10.3 Problems facing men in organization.
10.4 Challenges and opportunities for working men and
women.
10.5 How to cope with gender biased behaviour?
Books
1. Reece and Brandt (1997) : Effective human relation in
organizations (6th ed.) U.S.A. Houghton Miffin Co.
2. Luthans, F. (1998) : Organizational Behaviour (9th ed.).
Boston, Irwin Mc Graw Hill.
3. Ghosh & Ghorpade (1991) : Industrial & Organizational
Psychology, Mumbai, Himalaya Publishing House.
4. Mohanaty, G. (1988) : Text book of Industrial &
Organizational Psychology Delhi, Oxford and IBH
Publishing Co.
5. Robins, Stephen, P. (1998) : Organizational Behaviour,
New Delhi, (9th ed.) Prentice Hall of India.
References
1. Bhagwatwar, (p. 991) Psychology of Industrial and
Organizational Behaviour, Mumbai, Sheth Publishers.
2. Pandit, Kulkarni, Gore (1997).
-.+-.-- ~..'++ ~.' .+-.'+ ..+. +.+.
'e. + ++..
3. Pandit, Pandharipande (1980).
+-=.. ~.' ~..'++ -.+-.--. +.+. -'+=. .+.+.
T.Y.B.A. / 151
OR
Industrial Psychology (General)
First six topics first-end examination.
1. What Industrial Psychology is and is not-Definition-
Nature of Industrial Psychology. Objectives of Industrial
Psychology-subfields and scope of Industrial Psychologly. Basic
concept of Industrial psychology.
2. Occupational Information-Job description-Job analysis
methods and psychological techniques of job analysis, job
evaluation-steps in job evaluation, methods of job evaluation.
3. Performance Appraisal. Criterial of performance
appraisal, technique of performance appraisal.
4. Personnel Selection-Techniques, Application, Blanks
and interview-psychological testing in industry-usefulness of
psychological tests-classification of psychological tests.
5. Time and Motion Study and Human Engineering
Objectives of time and motion study-objections of time and
motion study-Motion studies its principles-time study-Fatigue
consequences of faitgue work curves-Reduction of fatigue
boredom and monotony. Environmental conditions of fatigue
Human Engineering.
6. Training in Industry-introduction-steps in learning,
Training methods-basic Psychological Principles concerning
training-Supervisory and management development training
methods-Developing a training programme.
7. Industrial Accidents and their pervention-Types of
accidents, concept of accident proneness-Causes of accidents
prevention.
8. Motivation and Incentives-Nature and fundamentals
of motivation, Maslows Theory of need. Hierarchy Motivation
and frustration. Work and incentives-Wage and other
incentives.
T.Y.B.A. / 152
9. Attitudes and job satisfaction, Methods of finding
attitude-job satisfaction, Factors relation to job satisfaction
increasing job satisfaction.
10. Morale-Definitions-Some factors affecting moral
Attempts to improve morale, Industrial conselling-Types of
conunselling-conditions leading to counselling needs.
11. Psychological Aspects of labour relations-Unions
and its Labour - Management conflict. Union-Management
relations, membership, Group dynamics, informal groups and
organization, communications-its types.
12. Supervision and Leadership-Role and functions of
Supervisor-Leadership and leadership styles-relative
effectiveness of leadership styles-Employee Participation. Group
decision and communication.
Text Books
(1) Psychology of Industrial Behaviour-Dr. P. A. Bhagwatwar
(Sheth Publishers, Bombay).
(2) Industrial Psychology-Harrel (BH, Oxford).
(3) Industrial Psychology-Ghosh, Chorpade (Himalaya
Publishing, Pune).
(4) Industrial Psychology-Chaube (L. N. Agrawal).
Reference Books
(1) Industrial Psychology-Tiffin and McCormic (Prectice Hall
of India).
(2) Psychology in Industry-Maier (BH, Oxford).
(3) Industrial Psychology-Blum Nylo (Harper and Row).
(4) Personnel and Industrial Psychology-Ghiselli and Brown
(McGraw Hill).
(5) Industrial Psychology-Gilmer (McGraw Hill).
(6) Text Book Industrial and Organizations Psychology by
Girishbala Mohanty (Oxford, IBH).
T.Y.B.A. / 153
This course is alternative course of Applied Psychology
course. This paper of Industrial Psychological shall be taught
only by such teacher having basis Post-Graduate degree in
Psychology. A study tour or trip to industrial or some industrial
fare may be arranged for the students to understand the practical
problems of industry. Students offering psychology at T.Y.B.A.
level may visit any correctional homes, remand homes,
psychological clinics by war tour.
T.Y.B.A. / 154
Appendix
T. Y. B. A. Psychology
Syllabus for
Experimental Psychology and Research Methodology
Spl. Paper S : 3
Objectives :
1. To acquaint the students with the basic concepts of
Experimental Psychology and Research Methodology.
2. To inculcate the research aptitude in the students.
3. To help the students to understand the basic stages in
Research.
4. To enable the students to undertake an independent
research project.
Topic 1 : Scientific Research Periods 10
1.1 Nature of Scientific Research. 2
1.2 Variables : Types, Constitutive and Operational
definitions of variables. 3
1.3 Problem Formulation. 3
1.4 Hypothesis Formulation. 2
Topic 2 : Psychophysical Methods Periods 12
2.1 Basic concepts and Psychophysical Errors. 2
2.2 Method of Limits. 2
2.3 Methods of constant stimuli. 2
2.4 Method of Average Error. 2
2.5 Webers, Fechners and Stevens Laws. 2
2.6 Signal Detection. 2
T.Y.B.A. / 155
Topic 3 : Cognitive Psychology : History and Current Status.
A Brief History of Cognitive Approach Periods 10
3.1 The Origins of Cognitive Psychology. 2
3.2 The emergence of Contemporary Cognitive
Psychology. 2
The current Status of Cognitive Psychology
3.3 Cognitive Science. 2
3.4 Neuroscience. 2
3.5 Artificial intelligence. 2
Topic 4 : Perceptual Processes Pattern Recognition
Periods 12
4.1 Theories of pattern recognition, Tempte matching
theory, Prototype models, Distinctive features model,
Computational approach. 3
4.2 Top-down processing and pattern recognition. 3
Attention
4.3 Divided, selective and sustained attention. 2
4.4 Theories of Attention, Bottle neck theory,
Automatic V
5
controlled Processing, Feature-
integration theory. Vigilance and signal detection
theory. 2
4.5 Biological bases of Attention. 2
Topic 5 : Conditioning Periods 12
5.1 Types of Classical Conditioning. 2
5.2 Characteristics of Classical conditioning. 2
5.3 Generalization and Discrimination. 2
5.4 Instrumental and Operant Training. 2
5.5 Reinforcement : Schedules of reinforcement,
Secondary reinforcement. 2
5.6 Effects of punishment and punishment
as reinforcement. 2
T.Y.B.A. / 156
Topic 6 : Problem solving and Creativity Periods 12
6.1 Understanding the problem. 3
6.1.1 Paying attention to important information.
6.1.2 Methods of representing the problem.
6.2 Problem solving approaches. 3
6.2.1 Means-Ends, Heuristic.
6.2.2 Indepth : The analogy approach.
6.3 Factors influencing problem solving. 3
6.3.1 Expertise.
6.3.2 Mental Set and Functional Fixedness.
6.3.3 Well-defined and ill-defined problems.
6.3.4 Insight and noninsight problems.
6.4 Creativity. 3
6.4.1 Measuring creativity.
6.4.2 Factors influencing creativity.
Topic 7 : Language Comprehension and Production
Periods 12
7.1 Understanding Spoken Language. 3
7.1.1 Speech preception.
7.1.2 Constituent structure.
7.1.3 Factors affecting comprehension.
7.2 Reading. 3
7.2.1 Theories of word recognition.
7.2.2 Reading comprehension.
7.3 Speaking. 3
7.3.1 Selecting the content of speech.
7.3.2 Speech errors and gestures.
7.3.3 Social context of speech.
7.4 Writing. 3
7.4.1 Comparing speaking and writing.
7.4.2 Cognitive tasks involved in writing.
T.Y.B.A. / 157
Topic 8 : Sampling and Methods of Data Collection
Periods 12
Sampling
8.1 Concepts of Universe and Sample. 1
8.2 Types of probability sampling. 2
8.3 Types of Non-Probability sampling. 2
Methods of Data Collection
8.4 Experimental : Laboratory Experiments and Field
Experiments. 2
8.5 Questionnaire, Interview and Survey Method. 2
8.6 Observation. 1
8.7 Psychological Tests. 1
8.8 Case Study. 1
Topic 9 : Research Designs Periods 10
9.1 Meaning and purpose of Research Design. 2
9.2 Criteria of Research Design. 2
9.3 Basic principles of Experimental design. 2
9.4 Types of experimental Designes
3
(a) Between Groups Design
( i ) Randomised Group Design.
( ii) Matched Design.
(iii) Factorial Design.
(b) With Group Design : Complete and Incomplete.
9.5 Quasi Experimental Design. 1
Topic 10 : Writing a Research Report and A Research
Proposal
Periods 10
10.1 What is Research Proposal.
10.2 General purpose of writing a Research Report. 2
10.3 Structure or Format of a Research Report. 2
10.4 Style of writing a Research Report. 3
T.Y.B.A. / 158
10.5 Typing, evaluating and preparing a Research
Report. 3
Books for Reading :
1. Candland, Dougals K : Psychology : The experimental
approach; McGraw Hill.
(For Topics Nos. 2 and 5).
2. Kerlinger, F. N. : Foundations of behavioural research
(1955) New York, Holt, Rinehart and Winston Inc. Surjit
Publication.
(For Topic Nos. 1 and 8).
3. Matling, Margaret W. : Cognition, 3rd Ed. 1995.
Prism Books.
(For Topic Nos. 3, 4, 6 and 7).
4. Singh, A. K. : Tests, Measurements and Research
Methods in Behavioural Sciences, 2nd Edn, 1997.
Bharati Bhavan, Patna.
(For Topic Nos. 9 and 10).
Books for Reference :
1. Das, G. : Experimental Psychology, King Books, Delhi.
2. DAmato, M. R. : Experimental Psychology : Methodology
Psychophysics and Learning, McGraw Hill (1970).
3. Stenberg, Robert J. : Cognitive Psychology (1996)
Harcourt, Brace College Publishers.
T.Y.B.A. / 159
Appendix
T. Y. B. A. Psychology
Special Paper S : 4
Experimental Psychology and Statistics
(Practicals)
Objectives :
1. To acquaint the students with basic procedure and
designs of the psychological experiments.
2. To enable the students to administer the psychological
tests and interpret the results.
3. To help the students to undertake an idependent minor
research project.
4. To acquaint the students with the use of elementary
statistical techniques.
SECTION A
EXPERIMENTS AND TESTS OR PROJECT REPORT
GROUP I : PSYCHOPHYSICS (Any three out of four) :
1. Methods of limits : Estimation of AL OR DL.
2. Method of Constant Stimuli : Estimation of DL and related
psychological estimates.
3. Method of Average Error : PSE and other related
psychological estimates.
4. Signal Detection.
GROUP II : PERCEPTUAL PROCESSES
(Any Three out of five) :
1. Retinal Colour Zones.
2. Colour Preference : Method of Paired Camparison.
3. Muller - Lyer Illusion.
4. Size Constancy OR Brightness Constancy.
5. Phi-Phenomenon.
T.Y.B.A. / 160
GROUP III : LEARNING AND MEMORY
(Any Three out of four) :
1. Serial learning OR Paired Associate Learning.
2. Perceptual Motor learning OR Maze learning.
3. Recall and Recognition.
4. Short-Term Memory (STM).
GROUP IV : GENERAL EXPERIMENTS
(Any Three out of four) :
1. Reaction Time : Comparison of Simple, Disjunctive and
Choice R. T.
2. Bilateral Transfer by Mirror Tracing. Apparatus.
3. Problem Solving (Any two problems) :
(a) Luchins Jar problem.
(b) Heart and Bow puzzle.
(c) Wiggly Blocks.
(d) Honai Tower (Pyramid).
4. Level of Aspiration.
GROUP V : TESTING (Any Three out of five) :
1. I.Q. TEST : Ravans Progressive Matrices test.
(PMT OR Advanced PMT).
2. Differential Aptitude test (DAT) (Any two Subscales).
3. Anxiety test OR introversion : Extroversion test (EPQ).
4. Achievement Motivation Test OT Adjustment Inventory.
5. Mannual Dexterity OR Finger Dexterity.
Pl. Note : In lieu of Testing Practicals in group five a
small empirical project based on testing can be undertaken.
The project report should be included in the practical journal.
In addition to that, examiners should note that if the
student have done the project, some questions should be
asked on project report in viva-voce.
T.Y.B.A. / 161
SECTION B : STATISTICS
Students should get acquainted with and should be able
to solve simple statistical problems on following topics :
(a) Frequency Distribution.
(b) Measures of Central tendency : Mean, Median and
mode for ungrouped and grouped data.
(c) Measures of variability : SD, Quartile Deviation
(Q, Q1, Q3), and Range for ungrouped and grouped
data.
(d) Correlation : Product moment correlation (Raw Data
Method) and rank difference correlation.
Instructions to Teachers and Examiners :
1. Before conducting the Exam. The External Examiners
should confirm that while teaching and conducting the
practicals, all the guidelines mentioned in the syllabus
are strictly followed. This should include whether the
requisite number of practicals were conducted from each
group.
2. While appearing in the examination the student must
produce the journal containing the reports of required
number of practicals duly signed by the concerned
teacher and the Head of the Department. Failing which,
he should not be allowed to appear the examination.
3. This paper will consist of 100 marks and the division of
marks should be as follows :
(a) Completion of Journal : 20 Marks
(b) Instructions of conduct of
the experiment or Test : 20 Marks
(c) Report writing : 20 Marks
(d) Statistics : 20 Marks
(e) Viva-voce : 20 Marks
Total = 100 Marks
T.Y.B.A. / 162
4. Practical examination will be of three clock hours duration.
This will include the time for the solution of statistical
problem.
5. A batch of 12 students maximum will constitute one
batch. Each batch will conduct the practicals twice a
week, three periods perday. In addition, there will be a
separate period for statistics per week.
6. Practical examination will be held Annually.
7. Students should visit an industry, Mental Hospital,
General Hospital, Central Jail, Ashram schools or such
correctional institutes or organizations and they should
prepare a report of the tour or visit.
Books for Readings :
SECTION A
1. Experiments in PsychologyGirishbala Mohanty, 1966,
Kalyani Publication, New Delhi.
2. Laboratory Manual in Experimental PsychologyMann.
3. Experiments in PsychologyParmeswaran.
4. Elementary Experiments in PsychologyKuppuswamy.
5. Experiments in PsychologyJalota.
6. Experiments in PsychologyMohasin.
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8. Experimental PsychologyPostman Eagan.
T.Y.B.A. / 163
SECTION B
1. Statistics in Education and PsychologyGarret.
2. Measurement and Evaluation in Psychology and
Education Asthana Agrawal (Vinod Pustak Mandir,
Agra 2).
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,.-. ~.++. ~.+.).
6. -.'+. + ----++'- ,'++. --+ -'. ~.+.).
7. Statistics in Education and Psychology Fergusson
(McGraw Hill).
T.Y.B.A. / 164
(18) Education
Objectives :
1. To acquaint the student with the knowledge of
psychological principles on which effective teaching
procedure are based.
2. To help him to recognize the needs of children and their
interests at different stages.
3. To help him to understand the importance of heredity
and environment in education.
4. To acquaint the student with the nature and development
of personality, the nature and areas of individual
differences and their relevance to education.
5. To help him to understand the process of learning, the
process of remembering and the factors that influence
these processes.
6. To help him to understand the importance of primary and
his mental processes.
7. To help him to understand the nature of intelligence and
various types of intelligence tests.
8. To acquaint him with some of the psychological features
which influence the mental health.
Paper : Educational Psychology (G-3)
Section I
Unit 1 : Psychology and Education
(a) Psychology-A Science of Behaviour.
(b) Scope of Psychology-General Psychology and
various branches of Psychology.
T.Y.B.A. / 165
(c) Educational Psychology-Nature and Scope.
(d) Methods of Educational Psychology
( i ) Intropection.
( ii) Observation.
(iii) Experimental.
(nature and limitations of rach).
(e) Uses of Educational Psychology.
Unit 2 : Heredity and Environment
(a) Heredity
( i ) Meaning and Definition.
( ii) Biological Heredity.
(iii) Social Heredity.
(b) Environment-Meaning and nature.
(c) Educational significance of heredity and
environment.
Unit 3 : Stages of Development
(a) Stages of Development.
( i ) Infancy,
( ii) Later childhood,
(iii) Adolescence.
Their salient features and educational significance.
(b) Physical, Intellectual, Emotional and Social
Development of each stage.
(c) Educational Implications.
Unit 4 : Personality
(a) Concept of Personality
( i ) Meaning of personality.
( ii) Characteristics of personality
(a) Dynamism, (b) Uniqueness,
(c) Self consciece, (d) Social.
T.Y.B.A. / 166
(b) Development of Personality : Factors influencing
development of personality.
(c) Process of development of personality.
Unit 5 : Individual Differences
(a) Areas of difference.
(b) Significance of these areas in Education.
(c) Schemes to meet the problems of individual
differences.
Section II
Unit 6 : Learning
(a) Meaning, Nature and Definition of Learning.
(b) Process of Learning.
(c) Methods of Learning
( i ) Trial and Error.
( ii) Conditioning (Classical conditioning only).
(iii) Insight.
(Meaning, importance and limitations of each).
(d) Thorndikes Laws of Learning.
(e) Factors affecting learning : Attention, Interest,
Maturation, Motivation and Fatigue.
Unit 7 : Memory
(a) Concept of Memory : Meaning and Definition.
(b) Process of remembering :
( i ) Registration, (ii) Retention,
(iii) Recall, (iv) Recognition.
(Meaning and nature of these four stages).
(c) Forgetting : (i) Concept and Definition.
(ii) Causes of forgetting.
T.Y.B.A. / 167
(d) Improvement of Memory :
( i ) Association of ideas.
( ii) Mnemonic Devices.
(iii) Use of proper learning methods.
Unit 8 : Mental Process
(a) Primary Process :
(i) Sensation, (ii) Perception,
(iii) Concept formation.
(b) Higher Process :
(i) Imagination, (ii) Thinking,
(iii) Problem-solving.
Unit 9 : Intelligence
(a) Concept of Intelligence-Nature, Meaning and
Definition.
(b) Intelligence Tests :
(i) Need for measurement of intelligence.
(ii) Need for different types of tests.
(iii) Types of tests : Individual and group tests,
Verbal and Non-verbal tests.
(Merits and limitations of each type of test).
(iv) Uses of intelligence tests.
Unit 10 : Mental Health
(a) Concept of Mental Health.
(b) Mental conflicts : causes and types.
(c) Defence mechanism.
(d) Means to maintain mental health.
Reference Books
(1) Crow and Crow : Educational Psychology, Eurasia
Publishing House (Pvt.) Ltd., New Delhi.
(2) Sorenson, H. : Psychology in Education, McGraw Hill
Book Co. Inc., New York.
(3) Bhatia, H. R. : Elements of Educational Psychology.
T.Y.B.A. / 168
(4) Rastogi, K. G. : Educational Psychology, Rastogi
Publications, Meerut.
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T.Y.B.A. / 169
(19) History
Appendix to T.Y.B.A.
History-Reference Book
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T.Y.B.A. / 170
General Paper III-History of Marathas (1630-1818)
Special Paper III-Modern Europe 1848-1945
OR
American-History 1861-1962
Special Paper IV-Modern Asia 20th Century
OR
Russian History 1861-1962
GENERAL PAPER-III
HISTORY OF THE MARATHAS (1630-1818)
(To be taught in broad outline) Periods required
1. Rise of the Maratha power-Political and Socio religious
background.
2. Shivajis Relations with the Adilshahi Kingdom :
2.1 Javali Incident. 2
2.2 Afzalkhan Episode. 2
2.3 Siddi Jauhars Expedition to Panhala. 1
3. Shivajis Relations with the Mughals :
3.1 Invasion of Shaista Khan. 2
3.2 Sack of Surat. 1
3.3 Expedition of Mirza Raja Jaisingh and the treaty of
Purandar. 2
3.4 Visit to Agra and escape. 2
3.5 Struggle with the Mughals (1670-73). 2
4. Shivajis Coronation :
4.1 First Coronation causes and significance. 2
4.2 Second coronation.
5. Karnatak Expedition, objectives and achievements. 3
T.Y.B.A. / 171
6. Relations with foreign powers :
6.1 The Siddis. 2
6.2 The Portuguese. 2
6.3 The English. 2
7. Shivajis Administrative System an outline :
7.1 Civil Administration. 2
7.2 Military Organization. 2
8. Sambhajihis career and achievements. 3
9. Maratha War of Independencea brief survey :
9.1 Rajaram. 1
9.2 Role of Ramchandrapant Amatya, Tarabai, Santaji
Ghorpade and Dhanaji Jadhav. 4
10. Release of Shahu Ascension to power. 2
11. Balaji Vishwanath-Role of consolidating the Maratha
Power. 2
12. Bajirao I :
12.1 His policy of expansion Maratha. 4
12.2 Expansion in the North and South.
12.3 Relations with the Dabhades. 1
12.4 Relations with the Portugees. 1
12.5 Achievements. 2
13. Balaji Bajirao :
13.1 Maratha activities in the North & South. 3
13.2 Relations with the Angres, Raghuji Bhosale and
the Kolhapur State. 3
13.3 Third Battle of Panipat, 1761 :
(a) Circumstances leading to the battle. 4
(b) Defeat of the Marathas.
(c) Consequences.
14. Madhavarao I :
14.1 Domestic problems. 1
14.2 Revival of Maratha power in the North. 2
T.Y.B.A. / 172
14.3 Karnatak expeditions. 2
14.4 Evaluation of achievements. 2
15. (a) Barbhai council. 2
(b) Nana Fadnavis and Mahadji Shinde. 3
16. Peshwa-Nizam Relations. 4
17. Bajirao II and the downfall of the Maratha power.
3
Books for Study
1. Sarkar N. N.-Shivaji and his Times.
2. Sardesai, G. S.-New History of the Marathas, Vols. I, II,
III.
3. Pagdi Setu Madhavrao-Chhatrapathi Shivaji Maharaj.
4. +.e. '+. '+.e--. '+.. -...
5. +-+.. ~. .. + u. +. . ,-..)-...=. ;'-.-.
Books for Reference
1. Ranade M. G.-Rise of the Maratha Power.
2. Sen S. N.-Administrative System of the Marathas.
3. Sen S. N.-Military System of the Marathas.
4. Nadkarni R. V.-Rise and Fall of the Maratha Empire.
5. Sarkar J. N.-House of Shivaji.
6. +. +.. -.. '+.. -...= '+''='+--+ ='-.
7. .-= - ~-.- ~.-.-.
8. +-+ .'+-. -.-.
9. +-+ -..'+.- -+.
10. -.. +-- +.u- '+- -~...
11. '+='- +.. - '+.. '++ .+-.. ~.+ - + . '+='-
'++.+-.. ~.+ -.
12. .'-+.-.; .:.- -... -..+.;.
T.Y.B.A. / 173
History Special Paper III
Modern Europe (1948-1945)
Periods
required
1. Napoleon III
1.1 His foreign policy. 2
1.2 Domestic policy. 2
2. Emergence and development of nationalism
2.1 Italy. 3
2.2 Germany. 3
3. The Eastern Question disintegration of the Turkish Empire
3.1 The Crimean War (1854-56). 2
3.2 Berlin Congress, 1878. 2
3.3 Young Turk Revolution, 1908. 2
3.4 Balkan Wars 1912-13. 2
4. Socialist thought and movement in Europe with special
reference to
4.1 St. Siman. 1
4.2 Robert Own. 1
4.3 Charles Fourier. 1
4.4 Proudhon. 1
4.5 Karl Marx. 2
5. The Third Republic in FranceIts achievements. 3
6. Bismarck
6.1 His foreign policy. 3
6.2 Domestic policy. 2
7. New ImperialismPartition of Africa. 3
8. Kaiser William IIhis foreign policy. 3
9. Formation of Triple Entente and division of Europe into
two Armed Campus. 2
T.Y.B.A. / 174
10. World War-I
10.1 Causes and effects. 3
10.2 Peace Settlements of 1919. 4
11. The Russian Revolution of 1917
11.1 Events leading to the Revolution. 2
11.2 Lenin-(a) His role in the Revolution
(b) New Economic policy.
(c) His foreign Policy.
11.3 Stalin-(a) His Five-Year Plans.
(b) His foreign Policy. 4
12. The League of Nations.
12.1 Its aims and organization. 1
12.2 Achievements and failure. 3
13. Inter-war Dictatorship
13.1 Italy. 5
13.2 Germany. 7
14. Policy of Appeasement. 3
15. World War IICauses. 3
Books for Study
1. HazonEurope since 1815.
2. LipsonEurope in the 19th and 20th Centuries.
3. Grant and TemperleyEurope in the 19th and 20th
Centuries.
4. Sir Marriot J.A.R.A History of Europe (1815-1970).
5. Peacock H. K.History of Modern Europe (1789-1970).
6. Kulkarni & PhadkeAdhunik Europe.
7. Athawale SadashivArwachin Europe.
T.Y.B.A. / 175
Books for Reference
1. Moon H.P.T.Imperialism and World politics.
2. Cambridge Modern History (Relevant Volumes).
3. Taylor A.J.P.The Struggle for Mastery in Europe.
4. HayesContemporary Europe since 1870.
5. Seaman from Vienna to Versailles.
6. Hardy GathormA short History of Internal Affairs
(1920-30).
7. Carr E. H.International Relations between the two World
Wars.
OR
Special Paper III
American History (1861-1962)
1. Civil WarCauses, consequences and reconstruction
plants.
2. IndustrialisationRise and growth of big business.
3. The populist movement the growth of labour movement.
4. Theodore Roosevelt-Domestic achievements, foreign
policy-the Spanish American War-causes, consequences
of the war.
5. President Woodrow Wilson progress viz. New Freedom
and his foreign policy.
6. Great Depression and the Naw Deal.
7. F.D. Roosavelt and his foreign policy.
8. America and the cold war.
9. Eisenhouer and his foreign policy.
10. J. F. KennedyDomestic achievement and his foreign
policy.
11. Civil Rights Movement.
T.Y.B.A. / 176
Books for Study
1. Wade Richer, Wilder Howard and Wade LouiseA History
of the United States, Boston, 1966.
2. Faulkner, H. U. and Kepner, T.America : Its History and
People, New York, 1950.
3. Current, Williams and FreidelAmerican History : A
Survey, New York, 1965.
4. +.. +.. +.~-'+. -+..=. ;'-.-. . -..
5. +.. + ~+ ~-'+=. ;'-.- ,-.'+.+.'..-.) -.
Books for Reference
1. Current, Williams and FriedelA History of the United
States. (2 Cols.)
2. Hofstadter, Miller and AronThe United States.
3. Faulkner, H. U.American Political and Social history.
4. CommagerOxford History of U.S.A.
5. SchlessingerThe Rise of Modern America.
6. Morison Commager and LeuchtenburgThe Republic of
U.S.A. (2 Vols.)
Special Paper IV
Modern Asia (20th Century)
Periods required
China
1. Rise and development/of European Imperialism in China/
Japan upto the end of the 19th Century a brief survey.
2. The Revolution of 1911
2.1 Causes.
2.2 Significance. 2
3. China and World War I
3.1 The Twenty-one demands. 1
3.2 The Mayfourth Movement. 1
T.Y.B.A. / 177
4. Dr. Sun Yat Sen
4.1 Main ideas of his Political Philosophy. 1
4.2 Role in the History of China. 2
5. Kuomintang-Communist RelationsThree Phases
5.1 1921-1936 Confrontation leading to Long March. 2
5.2 1937, 1949 Co-operation and Confrontation. 2
6. Communist Revolution in China-Causes. 4
7. Communist China
7.1 Relations with India. 2
7.2 Relations with Soviet Russia. 1
Japan
8. Japanese Imperialism
8.1 Anglo-Japanase Tready, 1902. 1
8.2 Russo-Japanase War, 1904-05. 2
8.3 Japan and World War. 2
8.4 Paris Peace Conference, 1919. 1
8.5 Washington Conference. 2
9. Rise of Militarism. 2
10. Rise of Zaibatsu industrialisation and economic progress,
1918-1939. 2
11. The Manchurian Crisis of 1931 and the role of the League
of Nations. 2
12. Japan and World War-II.
13. American OccupationReorganization and reconstruction
of Japan under General Mac Arthur. 3
West Asia
15. The Ottoman Turkish Empire.
15.1 Policies of Sultan Abdul Hamid II. 3
15.2 Young Turk Revolution. 3
15.3 Balkan Wars (1912-13). 2
15.4 Impact of World War I on the Turkish Empire. 2
15.5 Rise of Mustafa KemalModernization of Turkey.3
T.Y.B.A. / 178
16. Development of Arab Nationalism.
16.1 Arab and World War I. 2
16.2 (a) Emergence of National Movement in Egypt
between two world Wars Role of Zagblal
Pasha and Waft party. 4
(b) Revolution of 1952.
(c) Role of Nasser.
16.3 Iraq under British MandateNationalist Movement
in Iraq (1920-1958). 2
16.4 Rise of Saudi Arabia, role of Ibn Saud. 2
17. Arab-Israel Relations
17.1 Zionist Movement and the development of the
idea of Israel. 3
17.2 The Arab-Israel conflicts. 5
18. Iran
18.1 Rise of Raza Shah Pehla and the Modernization of
Iran. 3
18.2 Rise and Fall of Dr. Mossadiq. 2
19. West Asia and the Great Powers.
Books for Study (First Term)
1. Backman S. M.Modernization of China and Japan.
2. Clyde and beersThe Far East (1830-1965).
3. Storry RichardA History of Modern Japan.
4. Ahmad L.L.A. Comprehensive History of the Far East.
5. . +-+ ~.'.=. ~.'++ ;'-.-.
6. -.. '++-+.--+-|'. +. ~.'++ ;'-.-.. --+-.
.+.+. --..
T.Y.B.A. / 179
Books for Reference
1. Bass Claud A.Asia in the Modern World.
2. Marius B. JansenJapan and China from War to Peace,
1894-1972.
3. Panikkar K. M.Asia and Western Dominance.
4. Vinacke H. M.History of the Far East in Modern Times.
Books for Study (Second Term)
1. KirkA Short History of the Middle East.
2. Fisher S. N.The Middle East-A History.
3. Yale WilliamNear West.
4. Polk William and Chambers R. L.Beginnings of
Modernization in the Middle East.
5. Lewis G. L.Turkey.
Books for Reference
1. Lenezowsky GeorgeThe Middle East.
2. Sharabi H. B.Government and Politics of the Middle
East in the 20th Century.
3. Chatterjee N. C.History of Modern Middle East.
OR
Special Paper IV
Russian History (1861-1964)
1. A brief of important events in the Russian history from
the Vienna Congress, domestic and foreign policies of
Alexander I and Nicholas I.
T.Y.B.A. / 180
2. Alexander II domestic policyEmancipation of the surf-
effort for their settlement, effect of the reforms.
3. Alexander III counter reform measuresRussias interests
in the far EastRusso-Japanese War.
4. Events leading to the Revolution of 1905 October,
Government-Duma-failure of Duma.
5. Russia and First World War-I consequences.
6. Russian Revolution of 1917 Mensheviks-Bolsheviks-
LeninEffects of the Revolution.
Second Term
7. Lenin-War communism-New Economic Policy.
8. Stalin-Struggle with Totsky-his five-year plans
constitution of 1935.
9. Soviet Russias relations with European countries upto
1939.
10. Soviet Russia and the Second World War.
11. Soviet Russia and the Cold Warthe Krushev Era, liberal
domestic policy.
Books
1. Wern, M.C.The course of Russia History.
2. Nicholas, L. Fr. ChirovskyAn introduction to Russian
History.
3. Florinsky, M. R.Russia-History and an interpretation,
Vols. I and II.
4. Institute of History, Moscow-A short history of the
U.S.S.R. Vols. I and II.
5. Carr, E. H.Soviet Impact on the World.
6. Menon, K. P. S.The Lamp and Lamp-Stand.
7. Rauch-A History of Soviet Russia.
8. -.'|: +.-.=. ++.
9. . +-~.=. '..
10. Laski, H. J.Reflections on the Revolutions of Our Times.
T.Y.B.A. / 181
(20) Music
Theory : Paper will be of 60 marks and 2 hours duration for
the annual examination.
The nature of the question paper will be as under :
(1) Total 4 questions carrying 15 marks each.
(2) Two long answers.
(3) One short notes (2 out of 3) marks 7 each.
(4) One short answers (3 out of 4) marks 5 each.
Practical : There will be a practical examination that will
concide with annual examination and will be of 40 marks.
(Passing in both theory and practical examination is
compulsory).
Note : The students will not be permitted to learn
'Music' as a private candidate.
T.Y.B.A. / 182
VOCAL AND INSTRUMENTAL CLASSICAL MUSIC
G-5 Semester V
Theory
(Time 2 hours : 60 marks)
1. Notation-Writing of :
( i ) Chhota-Khyal ,e.:. .-.) or One Rajakhani Gata
,u.+. +-) from the following Ragas :
(1) +.. (2) '. +... (3) ---.+. and
(4) u-.
( ii) The following Talas ,-.-)
,-) -.. ,) .=.. ,,) .+.. ,) -.e..
,) ~... ,.) ++.-. .+..
2. General knowledge of the following topics :
,-) +.. ,) -.. ,,) .+. ,) ... ,) +;-. ,.) :..
3. Detailed theoretical description of the following Ragas :
,-) +.. ,) '. +... ,,) ---.+.. and ,) u-..
4. Short accounts of the contribution of the following artists
to Music :
,-) -+.-. '.-
,) u.-.+ ~.u.
,,) +. . .-+++. +;
,) u.-.+ ~- +.- u.
,) .--. +-+.; ++
,.) .--. -.++.; +-.+
T.Y.B.A. / 183
T.Y.B.A. Music 3
Practical (40 marks)
1. Study of :
( i ) One Bada-Khyal (+-. .-) or Maseetkhani-Gata
,--.-u.+. +-) from the following Ragas :
,-) +.. ,) '. +... ,,) ---.+. and ,)
u-.
( ii) One Chhota Khyal (e. :. .-) or Rajakhani-Gata in
each of the above mentioned Ragas.
(iii) Two Taranas from the Ragas prescribed for
Semesters First and Second of G.1, G.2 and G.3.
(iv) One Dhrupad () one Dhamar (-.) from the
above mentioned Ragas.
2. Ability to recite the Theka-bole (. +. +. -) of the following
Talas (-.-) while Tabla is being played :
,-) -.. ,) .+.. ,,) .=.. ,) -.e.. ,) ~...
,.) ++.-. .+..
3. Ability to recognize the Ragas from the Swar-Samoohas
(-+--) sung (or played) by the examiner.
S 5. Semester V
Theory
(Time 2 hours : 60 Marks)
1. Notation Writing of :
(a) Bada-Khyal (+-. .-) or Dhrupad ( ) or
Maseetkhani-Gata (--.-u.+. +-) from the following
Ragas :
,-) +.. +.+-.. ,) -.-.. ,,) -.+.. and
,) -.-'+.+
(b) The Talas studied uptil now.
T.Y.B.A. / 184
2. Detailed theoretical description of the Ragas mentioned
above.
3. Knowledge of :
,-) .-.+.+. ,) +'+ -+.-. ,,) .-+. ---..
,) -+~ -+. ,) ~++ -+.
4. Short accounts of the contribution of the following artists:
,-) +-. ++ . ,) e.:. ++. ,,) +. +..++. .'-.
,) .--. .~. ~-. ,) . .-+. ,.) .--. ---.
+. ,) .--. '+--. ~-.
Practical
(40 marks)
1. Detailed Study of :
( i ) Any three Bada-Khyal (+-. .-) or Massitkhani
Gata (--.-u.+. +-) from the following Ragas :
,-) +.. +.+-.. ,) -. -.. ,,) -.+.. and
,) -.-'+.+.
( ii) Chhota Khyals (e. :. .-) or Rajakhani-Gata
(.u.+. +-) in each of the above mentioned Ragas.
2. Ability to :
(i) Recognize and reproduce Shuddha-Vikrit Swaras
(.'++- -+), Talas (-.-) Ragas (.+) or songs
heard on the spot.
(ii) Sing one Thumri (. -.) in any Raga (.+) of Thumri
(.-.) and two Dhrupads () with Dugan (++)
in the above mentioned Ragas.
(iii) Explain the similarities and differences between the
Ragas studied uptill now.
T.Y.B.A. / 185
S-6 Semester V
Theory
(a) Any type of Khyal (.-) or Gata (+-) from the
following Ragas:
,-) ---. ,) +. ---.. ,,) ~.~ + and
,) .-+-..
(b) Rag-Swar-Samoohas showing Aaveerbhav
(~.'+~.+) and Teerobhava (-..~.+) in the above
mentioned Ragas.
2. Detailed theoretical discription of the Ragas mentioned
above.
3. General knowledge of :
,-) :+.'-+. ,) -+.- '+.= ~..+. ,,) -+.-.-...
+.-. ,) -+.- -.= ~..+.
,-) -',+.+ --. ,) ~.--+ ... ,,) |. +.++.
,) ~.. ~.--. ,) +.+ + '--.
Practical
(40 marks)
1. Detailed study of :
( i ) Bada Khyal (+-. .-) or Maseetkhani Gata
(--.-u.+. +-) from the following Ragas :
,-) ---. ,) +. ---.. ,,) ~.~ +. and
,) .-+-..
T.Y.B.A. / 186
( ii) Chhota Khyal (e .:. .-) or Rajakhani Gata (.u.+.
+-) in the above mentioned Ragas.
2. Ability to :
( i ) Recognize the Ragas and Talas heard on the spot.
( ii) Sing two Thumries (. -.) with proper Gayaki (+.+.).
(iii) Explain the similarities and differences between
Ragas studied uptill now.
G-6 Semester VI
Theory
(i) One Bada-Khyal (+-. .-) or Maseetkhani Gata
,-) .+ .. ,) e..+:. ,,) + -.. and ,) +- -.
( ii) The talas prescribed for semester first of G3.
,-) '++.. ~'++. +.+. ,) ~'-- +.+. ,,) '+-'+-..
,) -'.+. .+. ,) .: .-.. ,.) .+.+ .-..
,) -..+ +.. ,) --.++.+.
3. Definitions of the following technical terms :
,-) ~.'+~.+. ,) -..~.+. ,,) '+-.~. ,) ~+-.~. ,) e:.
,.) '=+... ,) --'--. ,) --+.. ,) -+.. ,-) '+-+.
T.Y.B.A. / 187
4. Topics for essays :
,-) ~. ~.-=. +-+.
,) -+.-.. -~-.=. '-- + ~.+.
,,) -+.- + -.+.
,) .--. -+.- -.+'. +- +-. ;-
Practical
(40 marks)
1. Study of :
( i ) One Bada-Khyal (+-. .-) or Maseetkhani-Gata
,-) .+.. ,) e..+:. ,,) +-.. ,) +--.
( ii) One Chhota Khyal (e.:. .-) or Rajakhani Gata
(.u.+. +-) in each of the above mentioned Ragas.
(iii) One Thumari (.-.) from the following Ragas :
,-) u-.. ,) +.~.. ,,) ~+.. ,) '-.
2. Ability to explain similarities and differences between the
Samaprakruti Ragas (-- + '- .+) studied uptil now (from
G 1 to G 3).
3. Ability in stage-performance (-~.+.+) for at least
30 minutes.
S-7. Semester VI
Theory
1. Notation-Writing of :
(a) Bada-Khyal (+-. .-) or Maseetkhani-Gata
,-) +.- -.+. ,) +.. ,,) . ,) =+-.
(b) Swaravistar (-+'+--.) of the above mentioned
Ragas.
T.Y.B.A. / 188
,-) ..=.+ +-+.- -+.+ ,.+). +.:.-- ,~-).
,) -+.-'+++ +.+- -. +-.+. -.- .+..
+.:..
3. Topics of essay :
,-) + .-.+..
,) - +.-.=. ~. .--. . - + ,.... -. +.'-+ -.+-.--.
~.'-+.. -..--. --..-.).
4. Similarities and differences between the Ragas studied
uptill now.
Practical
(40 Marks)
( i ) Any the Bada-Khyal (+-. .-) or Maseetkhani-
Gata (--.-u+. +-) from the following Ragas :
,-) +.--.+. ,) +.. ,,) . and ) =+-.
( ii) Chhota-Khyals (e. :. .-) or Rajakhani Gata
(.u.+. +-) in above mentioned Ragas.
2. Ability to :
( i ) Recognize and reprodue shuddha-Vikriti-Swaras
(.'++--+), Talas (-.-), Ragas ,.+) or songs
heard on the spot.
( ii) Sing one Dhamar (-.) with Dugun ( + +) and two
Taranas (-.+) in the prescribed Ragas.
T.Y.B.A. / 189
Theory
1. Notation Writing of
(a) Rag-Vistar ,.+ '+--.) of the following Ragas :
,-) .. ,) '. +-.. ,,) .-.+. and
,) +.
(b) The Talas studied uptil now with Dugun (++) and
Chougun (=.++).
2. Knowledge of finding out the names of the Ragas, where
any swar (-+) of a particular Rag (.+) is supposed to
be +-.
3. Topics of essays :
,-) -.. -+.- '.-.- ---.
,) -+.- -~-.= --
,,) -+.- ~.' ~.'++ +-.'++ .+
,) -+.-.- +..= -.+
,) -+.-+-. ~.' -.-+.
uptil now.
Practical
(40 marks)
( i ) Bada Khyal (+-. .-) or Maseetkhani-Gata
,-) .. ,) '. +-.. ,,) . -.+. and ,)
+ .
( ii) Chhota Khyal (e. :. .-) or Rajakhani Gata (.u.+.
+-) in each of above mentioned Ragas.
T.Y.B.A. / 190
2. Ability to :
( i ) Recognize the Ragas/Talas heard on the spot.
( ii) Sing two Dhrupads () and one Dhamar (-.)
with Chougun (=.++) and two Taranas (-.+ ) in the
above mentioned Ragas.
(--.+'-) Samaprakriti Ragas studied uptil now.
TABLA
G-5 Semester V
Theory
1. Notation writing of :
( i ) The Theka-Bols (.+. +.-) of the following Talas
(-.-):
,-) -+.. ,) -+..- -.-.=.. ,,) :.. ,) .+..
,) ~.--. ,.) .-..
( ii) The paranas () mohras (-.) and paltas (-:)
in Tal-Notation.
2. Definition of the following technical terms :
,-) -.+.-.. ,) -.~.-.. ,,) ~.;. . ,) '+--.
,) -.'++.-. ,.) -.-. ,) '+-.-. ,) +~.. ,) '+~.-.
,-) - + - .=. -+.
,) -+-.=. -.-+- +.= .--.
,,) ~++. ,=-+.) +..=. ;'-.-.
,) -.++.-.=. -.-+. + -.=. '=.
,) -+-.. '+'+.-. +..=. +':.
T.Y.B.A. / 191
Practical
(40 marks)
1. Talas Prescribed :
,-) -+.. ,) -+.. - -.-.=.. ,,) :.. ,) .+..
,) '~.--. ,.) .-..
2. Ability to :
'--.- + ;-.- . -.-.= -+-- ,-.-.) +.+ ,~. -.--
+-. -.) .- -u-. +.. . -. '-.;. =+. .=.
--.+ ~-.-. .' ,. +e. -. +.'+-. .;-).
,. -+-.. '+'+.-. +..-.- +.- +.-'+ +-+ +.'+-.
.
S-5 Semester V
Theory
1. Ability to :
( i ) Write the notation of all the previous Tablas (-.-)
prescribed for practical (G.1, G.2, G.3) in various
Layakaris (-+..).
( ii) From Kaydas (+.), Tukdas (-+-), Parnas ()
and Relas (-) in the given Talas (-.-).
2. Short notes on :
,-) ~+.-'+.; --. ,) -+.-.. ,,) ++..
,-) ~.-. -+.-.- -+-.+.+.= -.+.
,) ~.-.-.- -.-+..=. ..
,,) +-.-. -.-+.-.-... ~.+.+ ~-.-. +.:..
,) -+-. . .. -.-+.=. '+'+.e. --.
T.Y.B.A. / 192
Practical
(40 marks)
,-) ~.-.- -+ -.- '+'+.-. -.-. -..- +.'+-.
.
,) +.. -. -.. . -+-. +. + '-.; .=.
=+. +-+ +.'+.
S-6 Semester V
Theory
1. Ability to write, in tal-notation, all the previous talas
(-.-) studied in various Laya-Varieties (-.+.).
2. Knowledge of the following topics :
,-) .- -+-.+.+ ++.-... ~.+.+ ~-. +.
,) -+-.-.-. +.+.= '+-.
,,) '-.-.-.- +..
,) . ..
,) +.+.
,-) ',.+. -+-.. -+ +..= .+--.+.
,) +-. ,:.+ -+-.=. ;.--. '++.-.
,,) .='-- -.-. . ~...+ '+.e -.- +.'+.= '-..-.
,) -+-.+ +.'+-. ..-. +-.=. +':.
,) +.- +. -. +- ---.- .'-'.--:
T.Y.B.A. / 193
Practical
(40 marks)
,-) -.+.- ++.= -+ -.- + -.= .+ ,-+ .+..-.'-)
-..- +.'+-. .
,) +.'+- .. -+ .+.= +.- .-.+ -.- + +
-.-.+ -+ +.'+-. .
G-6 Semester VI
Theory
,-) '-.+. + ' -.-.-.-.- -.- + ~.
,) ..=.- +..=. -.'-..
,,) ' .-.= -.- + -.. .-..
,) u+..=. -.'-..
2. Showing difference between :
,-) -+-.. ,) +..+.. ,,) -.-.+..
,) -..-u-.. ,) =+.-+-..
to Tabla :
,-) u. ~,.u.. ,) u. -+.u.. ,,) . ~+.u-.- '-.
,) .. -.+.+ ;.+. ,) .. +.--,.u. ,+-+.).
4. Writing of various Bols (+. -) in Tal notation (-.- +. : +).
T.Y.B.A. / 194
Practical
(40 marks)
,-) .- ,+-.. e.:.). .-. + +- +.+.=. . -.
+.
,) '+'+.-. -.= -.+ + ..-'+ .-.+. -.- +.
-+ -.-.- -+- ++ -.-.+. .. --. .
,,) '-.;. -+-. -u- ++ ++++ +.'+.
,) +-.. -..-... ~.+.+ ~-. +.- -.-.+ -+
-+-. '++. u+..+ +.'+-. .
S-7 Semester VI
Theory
,-) -+-. . +... '+'--.=. ;'-.-. =+. + +...
,) ' ~.-.-.- -.-+. + -.=. ++.+:.
,,) ...- -.-+..=. -.'-..
,) '-.+. -.-+. + -.=. ++.+:.
2. Short notes on :
,-) u- .-. -.-. ,) e. ,,) + +..
to Tabla or Pakhavaj (-+-. '++. u+.) :
,-) .. '+;.-z.+u.
,) .. -.'+.+ .:+.
,,) +. +...+ +.-. ,u+..).
,) .. +-.---u..
,) .. u .u..
T.Y.B.A. / 195
Practical
(40 marks)
,-) -+-. -.-. +.+ ,'--.-. ;-.-. -+).
,) +.'+- .. -+ +. - ++ -. -.+ - + + - -..-.
-+-.+ +.'+.
S-8 Semester VI
Theory
1. Ability to form various Kaydas (+.) Relas , - ) Paranas
(), Tukdas (-+-), Mukhadas (-u-) and Raus (.) in
different Talas (-.-).
2. Short notes on :
,-) -+-.-+. ,) ..=.+ -.--. ,,) '-.. '-= .+.
+ +':. ,) +-. '++. -.. ,) -. . .+..=.
+':.
to Tabla or Pakhavaj (-+-. '++. u+.).
,-) +. . ~.-+.+ =.+-.
,) .. - -e+e+.
,,) -+. +.'- -.. ,u+..).
,) .. |-. .. :++.
,) .. .. +.++.
Practical
(40 marks)
,-) .. -.. . -+-. +.. +.. '-.; ++ -+
.+. -. +-+ +.'+-. .
,) +.+. +.+ + +- .. '+'+.-. .+..=. .
-.-+- +-. .
,,) -+-.-.-. +.+ ,'--.-. ;-.-. -+).
T.Y.B.A. / 196
(c) Vocal Light Music
G-5 Semester V
Theory
(i) State Song (+.:+.-) in the following Ragas :
,-) ~-... ,) -+. ,,) +.. ,) ---.+..
( ii) The Talas (-.-) studied uptill now.
2. Detailed theoretical description of the Ragas ,.+)
mentioned above.
,-) +.+. ~+. ,) .-.'+-. ,,) ++e. ,) .+.-..
,) -+-.. ,.) --.. ,) +-.+-. ,) ~.++.-. ,) +:
+:.=. -:+.- +..=. +.+... ,-) +. -+.-.
4. Writing of Raga-Vistar (.+'+--.) of the Ragas mentioned
above.
5. Short accounts of the contributions of the following
artists to stage and film music :
,-) +. . '++.+.+ :++
,) --. -++
,,) .. .-.+ +++.
,) .. +--.+ .-
,) .. '- ~'~++..
T.Y.B.A. / 197
Practical
(40 marks)
Ability to :
( i ) Recognize and reproduce Swaras (-+), Ragas and
Songs heard on the spot.
( ii) Sing at least one stage-song, in each of following
Ragas, with Alap (~.-.) and Tanas (-.+.) :
,-) ~-... ,) -+. ,,) +.. ,) ---.+..
(iii) Know and recite the Theka-Bols (.+.+.-) of the
Talas (-.-) studied uptil now.
(iv) Sing Raga-Vistar (.+'+--.) of the Ragas
mentioned above.
( v) Sing Traditional-Abhang (. '+ ~~ +) of
Devotional Song (~'++.-).
(vi) Explain the similarities and differences between Sama
Prakriti Ragas (--.+-. .+).
S-5 Semester V
Theory
(a) The stage songs (+.:+.- ) from the following Ragas:
,-) -.-.. ,) ~-... ,,) '-.. ,) +'-+-..
(b) The Talas ,-.-) prescribed for light music.
T.Y.B.A. / 198
,-) +. . +.:+. -.- - -.+:. + -. =. + ': .
,) ~.--+.-. ,,) ~'+-+.-.=. ~.-. .. ,) +.-+.
,) --. ,.) --.+.
to light music :
,-) . -- -+-.. -... ,) -.. .-=. ,,) +.++
+.:+ . ,) - -. =+. =.. ,) .- +-. ,.) +'++.
Practical
(40 marks)
Stage-Songs ,+.:+.-) from the following Ragas :
,-) -.-.. ,) ~-... ,,) '-.. ,) +'-+-..
2. Ability to :
( i ) Recognize and reproduce Shuddha-Vikrit Swaras
(.'++--+), Ragas (.+) or songs heard on the
spot.
( ii) Sing Traditional Abhangs (. '+ ~~ +) and some
devotional songs (~' + +. - ) from the Ragas
mentioned above.
(iii) Recognize the Talas (-.-) prescribed for light music
while Tabla is being played.
(All Talas prescribed for Light Music).
T.Y.B.A. / 199
S-6 Semester V
Theory
(a) The stage songs from the following Ragas :
,-) .'+.. ,) +. ,,) ~.~+. ,) .-..
(b) Swara-Vistar (-+'+--.) of the above mentioned
Ragas.
2. Detailed theoretical description of the above mentioned
Ragas.
,-) +-. ,) ... ,,) =-.. ,) ~+ + +.-.
,) +.-+.
,-) -- -.-. ,) +. ,,) .-. -.++. ,) .-.-
+.--.
Practical
(40 marks)
(a) Stage songs from the following Ragas :
,-) . '+.. ,) + . ,,) ~.~ +. ~.' ,) .-..
2. Ability to :
( i ) Recognize and reproduce Shuddha-Vikrit-Swaras
(.'++--+) or songs heard on the spot.
( ii) Sing traditional Abhangas (. '+ ~~ +) and some
devotional songs (~' + +. - ) from the Ragas
mentioned above.
(iii) Recognize the Talas prescribed from light music
while Tabla is being played.
T.Y.B.A. / 200
G-6 Semester IV
Theory
( i ) Stage-songs (+.:+.-) in the following Ragas :
,-) ~.--.-. ,) +.~.. ,,) +-.. ,) ~+..
( ii) Talas (-.-) studied uptil now.
2. Detailed theoretical description of the Ragas (.+)
mentioned above.
3. Similarities and differences between the Sama-Prakriti
Ragas (--.+-. .+) studied uptil now.
4. Writing of the Raga-Vistar (.+'+--.) of the Ragas
mentioned above.
,-) ~.= + +.= +.:-+.-.
,) +.:+.- -+.-.=. ~.+.+-..
,,) -.+-+.-.= .+. + -.=. +':.
Practical
(40 marks)
Ability to :
( i ) Recognize and reproduce Swaras ,-+), Ragas (.+)
and songs heard on the spot.
( ii) Sing at least one stage-song (+.:+.-) in each of
the following Ragas, with Alap (~.-.) and Tanas
(-.+.) :
,-) ~.--.-. ,) +.~.. ,,) +-.. ,) ~+..
T.Y.B.A. / 201
(iii) Know and recite the Theka-Bols (.+.+.-) of the
Talas (-.-) studied uptil now.
(iv) Sing Raga-Vistar (.+'+--.) of the Ragas,
mentioned above.
( v) Sing Abhang (~~ +), Folk-songs (-. + +. -),
Bhawageet (~.++.-) and Samooha Geet (--+.-).
(vi) Explain similarities and differences between
Samprakriti Ragas (--.+-. .+).
2. Ability in stage performance (-~.+.+) (for about 30
minutes).
S-7 Semester V
Theory
(a) Stage songs (+.:+.-) from the following Ragas :
,-) ~+.. ,) -. ,,) -.+. ,) ~.--.-.
(b) Swara-Vistar of the Ragas mentioned above.
,-) -+.- +.:+ -..:.= |+ +': + ~+.
,) +.. + ~.. +.:+.-.- -+.-.
,,) ..+.++.'+.=. .+. + -.=. +.+...
,) ~.-. -+.--.'-.- ~'+-+.-.= .+.+.
,) -+.-.=. ----+ -+ + -.
3. Detailed theoretical description of the Ragas mentioned
above.
T.Y.B.A. / 202
Practical
(40 marks)
Stage-song (+.:+.-) from the following Ragas :
,-) ~+.. ,) -. ,,) -.+. ,) ~.--.-.
2. Ability to :
( i ) Recognize and reproduce Shuddha-Vikriti-Swaras
(.'++--+) Ragas Talas or songs heard on the
spot.
( ii) Sing Bhavgeet (~.++.-), Folk-songs ,-. ++.-),
Sanchalan-Geet (-=-+ +.-) and Samooha-Geet
(-- +.-).
Ragas studied uptil now.
S-8 Semester V
Theory
(a) The stage songs from the following Ragas :
,-) -.-. ,) '-. ,,) '+.+. ~.' ,) +.+..
(b) The Talas studied uptil now.
,-) -..:.= -.+-+.-.
,) ~.++.-.. -.+-... .--. -+.-.. '.=.
~.+.+-..
,,) ~.-. +.+ -- + -.= +..
,) ,.= '-+-+.-.
uptil now.
T.Y.B.A. / 203
Practical
(40 marks)
Stage songs from the following Ragas :
,-) -.-. ,) '-. ,,) '+.+. ~.' ,) +.+..
2. Ability to :
( i ) Recognize and reproduce Shuddha-Vikrit Swaras
(.'++--+) or songs heard on spot.
( ii) Sing Bhavgeet (~.++.-), Folk-song (-. ++.-),
Sanchalan-Geet (- =-++.-) and Samooha Geet (--
+.-).
(iii) Sing National Anthem (.:+.-).
(iv) Explain the similarities and difference between
Samaprakriti (--.+-.) Ragas, Studied uptil now.
n = -=
,-) -+.- '+. ,.- .+.+. .. ..) -u+ +--.
,) -. -+.- -+ ,.- .+.+. .. ..) -+.- .+.+ --e.
,,) -.- .+. ,.- .+.+. .. ..).
,) -+.- '=-.-. -+.- +..- ,.- .+.+. .. ..)
~.=. +--..
,) +.-+.- ,.- .+.+. .. ..).
,.) -+.-.--.+. ,.- .+.+. .. ..).
Theory of Indian Music.
,) + '+ - +.- ~+. - +.-.= ..=.+ -+- -...--. +.:.
,) -+.-.--. ~.+ -. . , -. - +.. -+-+..
T.Y.B.A. / 204
,) -+.- -.'-+ ,.- .+.+).
,-) - +.- +-. '+.. ~.~..+..-.'+. - -e .+.+ ,'-).+.'-+.
,--) '+--+.'.. .- +..- -. .. +-....
,-) ~.'++ -+.-- .+. ++.. ;-..+. -. +. ..+.
,-,) '-.+. +'-+ -+.-.-. ,~.+ - - .) +. . '+. +..
~.-u-.
,-) .+'+-.+ ,~.+ - - ) +. . '++.+++. :++.
,-) -+-. -. ~'+ --+.++. -.+. .+.+. .
,-.) +.'-+ -u+ +.. '+. '--. -+;.
,-) .-.'+- -u+ ~. '+. +-+. -'+=. .+.+. +.+.
T.Y.B.A. / 205
(21) Ancient Indian Historym Culture
and Rechaeology
Topics-General Course
(Outline of Religion and Philosophy)
1. Vedic Religion and Philosophy (with special reference to
the Rigveda and Atharvaveda).
2. Religion of the Yajurveda and the Brahmana works (with
special reference to the Yajna system).
3. Philosophy of the Aranyakas and the Upanishads.
4. Religion of Epics and Puranas (with special reference to
Shaivism and Vaishnavism).
5. Philosophy of the Bhagavadgita.
6. Lokayatika (Charvaka) system.
7. Jaina Religion and Philosophy : Historical development,
Tirthankaras, Parshva and his Chaturyama Cult-Mahavira
: his life and teaching. Anekantavada (Padarthas),
Nayavada and Syadvada. Two sets of Jainism, seven
categories, spread of Jainism-Impact of Jainism on Indian
Culture.
8. Buddhism-Historical Development, Buddha's life and
teaching, Two sets of Buddhism, Buddha Sangha, Spread
and decline of Buddhism, Impact of Buddhism on Indian
Culture.
9. Influence of heterodox systems on Indian Culture.
General Paper I-Topics from 1 to 5 should be prescribed
for the term-end examination to be held in October.
T.Y.B.A. / 206
Special Paper-Outline of Ancient Indian Literature (S-3)
1. Introduction to Vedic, Jaina and Buddhist Religious
Literature.
2. Epics, Puranas, Classical Literature Topics under 1-
to be prescribed for the term-end examination to be held
in October.
Special Paper II-Greater India (S-4)
1. Sri Lanka, Burma, Central Asia, Afganistan, Nepal.
2. South-East Asia, Cambodia, Champa, Java, Sumatra,
Malaya, Borneo, Bali, Thailand.
Topics under 1- to be prescribed for term-end examination.
Books Recommended
G-3 : Semester III, Course I and G-4 Semester IV, Course II
-. ..=.+ ~.-.=. -.-+'-+ ;'-.- .+. +.+..
. +'+ +-.= ~'~++ + -.. .. +.. .-+.
,. +'+ +-..-- -+.- ,'.).
. ~.-. --+-.+ ... .'++.- .'-.
. ~.-. --+-.+.=. -u. ~+. +-+.
6. Outlines of Indian Philosophy - M. Hirianna.
7. Studies in Epics and Puranas - Dr. A. D. Pusalkar.
. +.- . |+ ~+ -.. '=. . +.
9. Vaishnavism, Shaivism and Minor Religious Systems
Dr. R. G. Bhandarkar.
T.Y.B.A. / 207
-. =.+.+ . ;'-.- + --+-.+ -.. -.'+ ~..+-.
--. +- ~.' -.. -.. .. +.. +.
-. +.- ~.' -+ -.. -.+ +.-+..
-,. ~++.+ +. -.. -.+ +.-+..
14. An Introduction to Indian PhilosophyChatterji and Dutta.
-. ~.-. - ~.' --+-.+ -.. .. ~.. ++.
T.Y.B.A. / 208
(22) Economics
Appendix
UNIVERSITY OF PUNE
COURSE STRUCTURE
T.Y.B.A. Economics General and Special Papers
Revised Syllabi
G-3 Indian Public Finance and Planning
S-3 (Options)
1. History of Economic Thought.
2. Economics of Development.
3. Agricultural Economics.
S-4 (Options)
1. Research Methodology.
2. International Economics.
3. Co-operation and Rural Development.
T.Y.B.A. / 209
T.Y.B.A. (Economics)
G-3 Indian Public Finance and Planning
SECTION-I
1. The Nature and Scope of Public Finance :
Public Finance Meaning, Scope Principle of Maximum
Social Advantage.
2. Indian Union Budgets :
Revenue and capital budgetsSurplus, deficit and
balanced budget, different concepts of deficit, Revenue
deficit, Fiscal deficit, monetized deficit and primary deficit
with reference to latest Union budget of India, Objectives
of budgetary Policy : Allocation, distribution stabilization
and Growth.
3. Indian Public Expenditure :
Classification of Public Expenditure; Developmental and
Non developmental, Plan and Non-Plan expenditure-
Reason for growth of Public expenditure in India.
4. Indian Tax System :
Structure of Indian taxation; Direct and Indirect taxes of
the Union and State Government, Income Tax,
Corporation Tax, Union Excise, Customs, Land Revenue
& Sales Tax, Characteristics of Indian tax system, Indian
tax Reforms since 1991.
5. Indian Public Debts :
Sources of Internal and External debtBurden of Public
debt causes of rise in the public dept. Economic effects
of Public debt, Repayments of public debt.
T.Y.B.A. / 210
6. Union State Financial Relation :
The Role of Finance Commission, Union, State and Inter
State devolution of financial resources its criteria. The
role of Planning Commission of Tenth Finance
Commission.
7. Planning in India :
Planning : Concepts, Objectives, Process, Planning
Commissions Formulation of Indias Five-Year Plan.
8. Indian Planning :
Objectives, Strategy, Investment Financing of the Plan
(with reference to Seventh and Eigth Year Plans).
9. Achievements of India with reference to Growth rates of
National and per capita income, Growth rates in
Agriculture and industry, self sufficiency, poverty
alleviation and Expansion of Employment opportunities.
References
B. P. Tyagi, Public Finance, Jayprakash, Meerut Andley
and Sundaram, Public Economics and Public Finance, Ratan
Prakashan, Delhi.
M. C. Vaish and H. S. Agarwal, Public Finance, Wiley
Estern Ltd, New Delhi.
Misra and Puri, Economics of Development and Planning,
Himalaya, 1996, Govt. of India, Budget at a Glance (Various
years). Ministry of Finance, Budget Division, New Delhi.
Govt. of IndiaLatest available Economic Survey,
Ministry of Finance, Economic Division, Delhi, R. Datta and
KPM Sundaram, Indian Economy, S. Chand, 1990, Tondon and
Tondon, Indian Economy, Tata McGraw Hill, 1997.
T.Y.B.A. / 211
Scheme of Papers at T.Y.B.A. Economics
with effect from July 1995 onwards
G-3 Indian Economy Paper II (Problems and Policies)
|-, u.-.- =. -+. +.-.. |+ + .
1. Agricultural Economics.
2. History of Economics Thought.
3. Public Finance.
4. Statistical Pre-requisites.
|- u.-.- =. -+. +.-.. |+ + .
1. Rural Economics.
2. Economics of Development.
3. International Economics.
4. Quantitative Techniques.
T.Y.B.A. / 212
T.Y.B.A. Special-3 (Options)
Agricultural Economics (Revised Syllabus)
First Term :
I. Role of Agriculture in the Economy :
Peculier features of agriculture in an underdeveloped
Economy-Risk and uncertainty in Agriculture.
II. Production and Productivity :
Reasons for low productivity-Technology factors-
Institutions factors, Measures to increase Productivity.
Production and Productivity trends-Growth rates in Indian
Agriculture-Regional variations in Agricultural
Productivity in India.
III. Land Reforms :
The Concepts of Land Reforms, Technical and Institu-
tional Land Reforms : Achievement and Failures in India.
IV. Agricultural Marketing :
Marketing functions-Defects in Marketing Policies and
Measures to improve Agricultural Marketing in India.
Second Term :
V. Agricultural Finance: Importance of Agricultural Finance,
sources of Agricultural Finance in India. Non-Institutional
: Relatives-Moneylenders, Traders and Commission
Agents Institutional Credit Co-operatives, Commercial
Banks Regional Rural Banks, NABARD.
T.Y.B.A. / 213
VI. Agricultural Prices : Important factors influencing pricing
of Agricultural Produce, Problems and Policy in India.
VII. Instabilities in Agricultural Sector and Measures to
stabilize-Crop Insurance for Crop Protection-Drought
Relief, Relief from Natural and other Calamities.
VIII. Agricultural Labour : Characteristics of Agricultural Labour,
Social Status of Farm Labour, Earning of Agricultural
Labour, Standards of Living, Indebtness and Housing
Conditions.
References
1. Economics of Organization of AgricultureTheodore,
Schultz.
2. Agricultural Problems in India, Ed. 1986Singh, Sadhu,
Himalaya Publishing House, Bombay.
3. Agricultural Finance : Theory and Practice, Ed. 1988J. P.
Singh, Ashish Publishing House, New Delhi-26.
4. Economic Problems of Indian Agricultural, Ed. 1990
G.D. Agrawal, P. C. Bansil, Vikas Publication, Bombay-4.
5. Indian Economy- Misra and Puri Himalaya, Mumbai, 1997.
6. Indian Economy R. Datta and KPM SundaramS. Chand,
New Delhi, 1998.
T.Y.B.A. / 214
T.Y.B.A. Econmics
Revised Course Special Paper-3 (Options)
History of Economics Thoughts
First Term :
I. Adam Smith : Concepts of Division of Labour, Economic
freedom and free trade Naturalism, function of state in
Economic Development.
II. Thomus Malthus : Theory of population, Says Law of
Market, Reactions on Says Law.
III. David Ricardo : Theory of value, Theory of Rent.
IV. Karl Marx : Dialectical materialism, Critique of capitalism,
Exploitation of labour, class war, future of capitalist
system, surplus value theory.
Second Term :
V. Fredrik List : Concepts of Economic Nationalism
protection and production power, free trade policy V/S
protectionist Policy.
VI. Joseph Schumpter : Concept of innovation, Innovation
as a tool of growth, Role of Entrepreneurship in Economic
Development.
VII. Johan Meynard Keynes : General Theory of employment,
concept of under employment equlibrium, Keynesian
macro-economic policy with reference to full employment
and Inflation.
T.Y.B.A. / 215
References
1. Eric Roll : A History of Economic Thought, pages 227
to 231.
2. Dr. S.S.M.Desai : Development of Economic Thought.
3. Satish Bahadur and Bhatnagar : History of Economic
Thought.
4. Shrivastav : History of Economic Thought.
5. Dr. S.S.M.Desai, Dr. Santosh Dastane and Yewalekar :
Development of Economic Thought.
6. .~. ~.' .:.- . ~.'+ '+=..=. ;'-.-.
7. +.: ~.' ~.-- . ~.'+ '+=..=. ;'-.-. ~-+ .+.+.
+.-..
8. ... -.. .--.+. |-. ~.. . ~.'+ '+=..=. ;'-.-.
9. -.. -.;. ... ~.-.+ . ~.'+ '+=..=. ;'-.-.
T.Y.B.A. / 216
Special Paper-3
History of Economic Thought
1. Beginning of Modern Economics-The Mercantalism
Causes of rise, and main features.
2. Physiocracy-Reactions against mercantalism, Larssnz, Fair
Quensnays Economic Table.
3. Adam Smith-Father of Economics, founder of Classical
school, his concept of regarding division of labour,
economic freedom. Free Trade and Function of a State.
4. Thomas Malthus-Theory of Population-critique of capital-
Accumulation Reactions against Says Law of Market.
5. David Ricardo-Theory of Rent, Relation between labour
and value.
6. Socialism as a reaction against capitalism-Brief concepts
of Utopian Socialism.
7. Karl Marx-Critique of capitalism, Exploitation of labour,
Dialectical Materialism, Class war, Future of capitalist
system, Surplus value Theory.
8. Fredrik List-Concept of productive power, Concept of
free trade policy.
9. Principle of Margin, J.S.Mill, as a last classical economist-
Marshallian synthesis.
10. Joseph Schumpter-Concept of Growth Innovation, Role
of Entrepreneur.
11. Mrs. Joan Robinson, Mr. Chamberlain Monopolistic
competition.
12. John Maynard Keynes-General theory of employment,
Keynesian Economics, Modern economic policy.
T.Y.B.A. / 217
Books Recommended
1. Eric Roll : A History of Economic Thought (pages 227 to
231) Faber and Ltd., London.
2. Development of Economic Thought : Dr. S. S. M. Desai
3. Satish Bahadur and Bhatnagar : History of Economic
Thought.
4. Shrivastav : History of Economic Thought.
5. Development of Economic Thought : Dr. S.S.M. Desai,
Dr. Santosh Dastane and Yewalekar.
6. .~. ~.' .:.- . ~.'+ '+=..=. ;'-.-.
7. +.: ~.' ~.-- . ~.'+ '+=..=. ;'-.-.
Special Paper-3
Public Finance
1. The role of Government in an economic system.
2. Nature of public finance-Public finance and private
finance-Principle of maximum social advantage.
3. Public Expenditure-Meaning, Classification, Objectives
and role-effects of public expenditure on production,
Distribution and employment.
4. Financing of Government expenditure-Taxation, borrow-
ing, and other methods-their relative importance and
peculiarities.
5. Taxes-classification-Direct and indirect taxes, Progressive
proportional and regressive taxation Impact, incidence
and effects of taxation-Benefit approach, Ability to pay
approach-Objectives of taxation policy-income redistr-
ibution growth, taxable capacity.
T.Y.B.A. / 218
6. Budget-The concept of budget, the components of
budget, Revenue and capital budget-Surplus, deficit and
balanced budgets-Role of budget in allocation, distribution
and stabilization-Budgetary policy for growth-Functional
finance.
7. Fiscal policy-The role of Fiscal policy, Objectives of Fiscal
policy in developing economy-Limitations of Fiscal policy-
Compensatory finance.
8. Deficit Financing-Meaning, need (rationale), Conse-
quences of deficit financing.
9. Public Debt-Meaning, objectives, role of public debt,
internal and external debt, burden and benefits of public
debt, repayment of public debt.
Books Prescribed
(a) Hugh DaltonPrinciples of Public Finance (24th Ed).
(b) A. P. LernerEconomics of Control Chapter on Functional
Finance (Allen and Unwin, London).
(c) C. M. AllanTheory of Taxation.
(d) A. R. PrestPublic Finance in Theory and Practice.
(e) B. P. TyagiPublic Finance.
(f) BhatiaPublic Finance, International Economics.
Special Paper-3
Statistical Pre-Requisites
1. Methods of collecting and presenting the statistical data-
Graphical methods-Measures of central tendency
Dispersion and Skewness-Correlation and regression for
bivariate data-Ideas of partial and multiple correlation for
trivariate data.
T.Y.B.A. / 219
2. Elementary Probability Theory-Standard probability
distribution : Binomial sampling methods-Board logic of
tests of hypothesis. Tests concerning Means, Variances,
Proportions, Correlations coefficient Chisquare tests of
goodness of fit-Test of independence of two attributes.
3. Analysis of Variance-Techniques in one way and two
way classification.
4. Sampling Techniques, Simple Random, Stratified and
Systematic-Brief introduction of SQC of control charts,
Indian official statistics-Price statistics, National income
statistics.
5. Index number and analysis of time series.
Books Prescribed
(a) Statistical MethodsS. P. Gupta.
(b) Economics, StatisticsG. S. Monga.
(c) Modern Elementary StatisticsJ. E. Freud.
(d) Quantitative TechniquesThamb L. C.
T.Y.B.A. / 220
Special Paper 4 (Options)
Cooperation and Rural Development
Section I
1. Cooperation :
Meaning, Nature, scope and importance-cooperation as
the means of Economic development.
2. Organization of Cooperatives :
Objectives, memorandum and Articles of Association,
model by-laws Board types of cooperative societies,
Urban, Rural credit, Industrial Co-operatives, Marketing,
Societies, Functions of Co-operative Societies, Consumer
protection.
3. Rural Development through Co-operation :
The Role of Indian Co-operative movement in rural
development, Achievement and failures.
Section II
4. Nature and Problems of Rural Economy :
Concept of Rural Economy, its nature and problems-
imbalance between Rural and Urban Sectors, causes of
imbalance measures, reduce imbalance.
5. Role of Co-operative Agro-Industries in Rural Develop-
ment : Study of Co-operative Sugar Industry-Dairy and
milk product, cotten textile industry.
6. Programmes for Rural Development in India :
Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP), Area
specific programme (ASP), Drought prone Area
programme (DPAP), Hill Area Development project
(HADP),Tribal Area Development Project (TADP),
Command Area Development Agency (CADA), Employ-
ment Oriented programmes : Jawahar Rojgar Yojana (JRY),
and Employment Guarantee Scheme (EGS), Training for
Rural Youth for Self-Employment (TRYSEM).
T.Y.B.A. / 221
References
1. S. S. Mathur : Cooperation in India.
2. D. R. Krishnaswamy : Fundamentals of Cooperation.
3. Vasant Desai : Fundamentals of Rural Development,
Himalaya, Delhi.
4. S. P. Jain : Indian Rural Economics, Vikas, Delhi.
5. K. V. Patil : Rural Economics, Himalaya, Delhi.
6. ~.--. +.: . ~.-. ~+-.. ~-+ .+.+. +.-..
7. ... +..+ +-+. . ~.-. +.-.+-. ~.' -+..
8. ... +. |=. .++ . ~.-. ~+-.. ~-+ .+.+.
+.-..
9. .-. ;- =.. . -+.. --+ . ;'-.- + -+.. --.=.
+..-.. -.. .+.+. .
T.Y.B.A. / 222
T.Y.B.A. Economics-Special IV (S-4) (Optional)
Research Methodology
(80 Marks for theory and 20 Marks for the Project)
Section I
First Term :
1. Research in Social Sciences :
1.1 Need and functions of Social Sciences research
Meaning-Types and objectives-Comparison
between research in Natural and Social Sciences.
1.2 Research in Economics-nature and scope of
theoretical and applied research. Distinction
between theroetical and applied research.
1.3 Social Survey-Definition and Nature, Planning a
Social Survey and Social-Economic Survey.
2. Research Methodology :
2.1 Principles of Research :
(a) ConcentsMeaning, Classification and
characteristics.
(b) HypothesisMeaning, types and presen-
tation.
2.2 Stages in Research :
(a) Selection of Topic.
(b) Objectives setting.
(c) Research design, Types Exploratory, Digno-
stic, Hypothesis Testing.
3. Use of Library and Documents :
3.1 Procedure of using library, merits and limitations.
Second Term :
4. Methods of Collecting information :
4.1 Data Collectionprocess and methods.
4.2 Drafting of questionnairesstructured, open and
close questionnaires merits and limitations.
T.Y.B.A. / 223
4.3 Interviewingmeaning, Types, TechniquesMerits
and limitations.
4.4 Observationmeaning, Technique, Typesmerits
and limitations.
4.5 Case studymeaning, Techniquemerits and
limitations.
5. Classification, Analysis and interpretation of data.
6. Writing a Project Report :
6.1 Objectives, scope and contents.
6.2 Characteristics of a good report.
7. Project Report on any one of the topics :
The topics should include case study, review of Economic
literature, conduct of surveys etc. The report should be
in between 3000 to 4500 words (15 to 25 pages
approximately).
References
1. Introduction to the Methods of Social SciencesJean
Louis Loubet del Bayle (Edited by J. C. Johari).
2. Research Methodology : Techniques and Trends V. V.
Khanzode, Avishkar, Jaipur.
3. Research Methods in Social SciencesB. A. V. Sharma,
D. Ravindra Prasad, P. Satyanarayana, Sterling Publishers
Pvt. Ltd., Delhi. (1983).
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T.Y.B.A. / 224
Special Paper-4
Rural Economics
1. Rural Economy-General Problems : Poverty and
Inequality, Unemployment and under employment.
Disguised unemployment, Absence of alternative work
opportunities, Unfavourable terms of trade-Illiteracy and
rural health problems, Measures taken by Government in
this regard.
2. Social Organization of Rural Life : Village settlement
pattern as a community life, nuclear non-nuclear family
as a social unit-Social structure-Castes and inter-relations
among them through tradition contracts, Communications
and social relationship-Social and economic class
structure.
3. Rural Economic System and Organization for Use of
Local Resources : Land holding, land tenure systems,
co-operative farming, Co-operative credit and other
sources of credit, Labour market, Salient features, pattern
of labour hiring, contract labour, bounded labour, self
employment, Rural Leadership-main features, Ballet
system.
4. Rural Administration :
(a) Panchayat Raj-Its Organization and working-
Significance Role-Performance-Problems.
(b) Community Development Block-Its organization and
working, significance-Role-Performance-Problems.
(c) Voluntary Agencies-Organization and working-
Significance Role-Performance-Problems.
T.Y.B.A. / 225
(d) Multi-purpose co-operatives Organization and
working-Significance Role-Performance-Problems.
5. Rural Planning : Need for Rural Planning :
(a) Role of Village Panchayat in planning-Land holding-
Water Resources, Cropping programmes-Roads-
Community facilities and services-Schools-Roads-
Community facilities and service Schools-
Dispensaries, Co-operatives.
(b) Regional Planning-Block level plans-Concept and
scope-broad elements.
(c) Planning for special groups and area-Tribal,
scheduled caste, displaced persons, educated
unemployed areas-Hilly areas inaccessible areas,
drought prone areas.
Books Recommended
1. Fundamentals of Rural Development : Vasant Desai (1991),
Himalaya Publishing House, Bombay-4.
2. Indian Rural Economics : S. P. Jain, Vikas Publication.
3. Rural Economics : K. V. Patil, A. C. Shah, Himalaya
Publishing House, Delhi, 1984.
4. Poverty Alleviation : G. Morely, Mohanlal, Himalaya
Publishing House, Delhi, 1988.
T.Y.B.A. / 226
Special Paper (Options)
Economics of Development (Revised Syllabus)
First Term :
1. Introduction-Economic Development meaning Economics
Development and Economic growth-Indicators of
Economic Development-Human Development Indicators
(HDI) and Economic Development.
2. Characteristics of less developed countries (LDCS)
Economic and non Economics.
3. Constraints on Development Process :
( i ) Capital Constriant vicious circle of poverty. Under
developed money market, Capital market.
( ii) Population constraint, comparative population,
statistics of developing countries, population
growth and Economic development problem of
under employment and disguised unemployment.
(iii) Constriants of backwardness, Agricultural sector,
small size of holding, lack of modernization defects
in marketing.
(iv) Socio-Culture barriers social tradition and caste
system attitude towards work, investment and
material being.
Second Term :
4. Planning for Development :
( i ) Need for planning, Planning in a mixed Economy,
Resources mobilization-implementation of a plan
Allocation Resources.
( ii) Investment Criteria, capital Turnover criterion, Social
marginal Productivity criterion, Reinvestment
criterion, series criterion.
(iii) Choice of Techniques-Labour intensive capital
intensive-Schumpters case for intermediate
technology.
T.Y.B.A. / 227
5. Foreign Trade and Development :
Trade as an engine of Development, Import substitutions
and Export promotion as policies of Development.
6. Foreign Capital :
Role in development, types of foreign investment-Direct
investment and portfolio-investment.
7. Human Resources Development (HRD) :
Investment in human resource-population control-
Education-General, Technical and Vocational Education,
Education and Entrepreneurship Development.
References
1. Economics of Development and Planning, Ed. 1993 : A.
N. Agarwal, Kundan Lal, Vikas Publishing House, Majid
Road, Jangapura, New Delhi-110014.
2. Economics of Development and Planning, Ed. 1988 : M.
L. Jhingan, Vikas Publishing House-5, Ansari Road, New
Delhi-110002.
3. Development and Planning, Ed. 1990 : S. K. Misra and V.
K. Puri, Himalaya Publishing House, Dr. Bhalerao Marg,
Mumbai-400 004
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T.Y.B.A. / 228
Special Paper-4
Economics of Development
1. Introduction : Economic Development-Meaning of
Economic Development-Economic Development and Economic
Growth-Indicators of Economic Development-Development and
under development-Meaning of the term-Less developed and
developing economy.
2. Characteristics of Less Developed Countries (L.D.C.) :
Economic Characteristics-Predominance of Agriculture with its
backwardness, Dualistic Economy, General Poverty, Low level
of living, Low rate of capital formation, disguised unemployment-
Demographic characteristic-Types of less developed countries.
Socio Cultural Characteristics. Technological and other
characteristics.
3. Constraints on Development Process : Capital constraint-
importance of capital formation-Vicious circle of poverty/
Underdeveloped money/Capital markets, Demonstration effect
and saving. Other difficulties. Population constraints-
Comparative population statistics of developing countries,
Population growth and economic development Problem of
underemployment and disguised unemployment-Constraints of
the agricultural sector problem of economic holdings, Problems
of modernization of agriculture, Problem of market development,
Problem of agricultural credit-problem of development of allied
sectors, Socio-Cultural barriers, Social pluralism-Traditional
social structure with extended kinship with village society, with
cast system. Precapitalistics values. Attitudes toward work,
investment and material will being.
4. Planning for Development : Need for planning, planning
in a mixed economy. Formulation of a plan and resource
mobilization, Implementation of a plan, Allocation of resources,
Investment criteria, Capital turnover criterion, Social marginal
productivity criterion, Reinvestment criterion, Time series
criterion, Choice of techniques, Labour intensive, Capital
intensive, Schumachers case for intermediate technology.
T.Y.B.A. / 229
5. Role of controls and incentives in economic development-
Role of monetary policy. Role of Fiscal policy. Direct
Governmental intervention.
6. Foreign trade and development-trade as an engine of
development, Trade agreements, Import subsitution, Export
promotion, Exchange rate policy, Trade Vs. Aid.
7. Foreign capital-Role in development, Types of foreign
investment, direct and portfolio problems.
8. Human Resource Development-Population control,
Education-General, Technical and Vocational entrepreneurship.
Reference Books
1. S. K. Ry : Economics of Development.
2. G. M. Meier (Ed.) : Leading Issues in Economic
Development.
3. M. L. Jhingzan : The Economics of Development and
Planning.
4. J. Bhagwati : Economic Development.
5. Kindleberger : Economic Development.
6. S. Chakravarty : Development Planning.
7. Richart T. Gill : Economic DevelopmentPast and Present.
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T.Y.B.A. / 230
T.Y.B.A. Economics
Special Paper 4 (Options)
International Economics (Revised Course)
First Term :
1. Inter-regional and International trade, Nature, Importance
and Scope of International Trade.
2. Theories of International Trade : Theory of comparative
cost. The Heckkchar Ohlin theorem.
3. Gains from trade : Static and dynamic, Terms of Trade,
Barter and Monetory of Trade, Improvements and
deterioration of Terms and Trade.
4. Trade Policy : Concept Free Trade and Protection Policy
of Free Trade, Case for and against protection policy,
argument for and against protection policy.
5. International Economic Co-operation :
(a) GATT-The General Agreement on Trade and Tariff
(W.T.O.).
(b) UNCTAD-United Nations Conference of Trade and
Development.
(c) ASSAN-Assosciation of South EAST Asian
Nations.
(d) SAARC-South Asian Association of Regional
Co-operation.
Second Term :
6. Balance of Trade and Balance of Payments : Meaning,
Current and Capital Accounts, Causes of disequilibrium
in the Balance of payment, Measures for correcting
disequilibrium.
7. Foreign Exchange Rate : Importance of Foreign Exchange
Rate, Determination of Exchange Rate in a free market.
Fixed and Flexible Exchange Rate Purchasing power parity
theory.
T.Y.B.A. / 231
8. Exchange Control-Meaning. Objectives of Exchange
Control, Methods of exchange control convertability of
Indian Rupee on current and Capital Accounts.
9. International Monetary Co-operation :
(a) International Monetary Fund (I.M.F.) Origin,
Objectives and working Achievements and Failures.
(b) International Development Association (I.D.A.) with
reference to its rote in development of LDCs.
(c) Asian Development rank (ADS) Objectives and
Role.
References
1. Lipsey : Introduction to positive Economics.
2. Samuelson : Economics.
3. P. T. Ellsworth : International Economics.
4. C. P. Kindlebergar : International Economics.
5. Jagdish Bhagwat : Trade, Tarriff and Growth.
6. M. L. Jhingan : International Economics.
7. O. S. Shrivastava : International Economics.
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T.Y.B.A. / 232
Special Paper-IV
Quantitative Techniques
1. Sets and Algebra of Sets, Logarithms and its laws of
operation, use of logarithmic tables, squences,
progressions, series and summation of series.
2. Permutation and combinations, Binomial Theorem,
Elementary coordinate geometry, Lines and points.
3. Determinants and Matrices : Properties of determinants
and its use in solving simultaneous equations, Type of
matrices and its algebra, Inverse of a matrix and linear
equations.
4. Differntial Calculus : Rules of differentiation, successive
differentiation, maxima and minima.
5. Integral Calculus : Some standard results, Definite integral
and its interpretation.
6. Linear Programming Formulation, Graphical method,
Transportation problem, sequencing for 2 and 3 machines,
Waiting methods, CPM and PERT techniques.
Books Recommended
1. Business MathematicsSancheti, Kapoor.
2. Economics, MathematicsE.S.Monga.
3. Operations ResearchKirti Swaroop, Gupta, Manmohan.
4. Quantitative TechniquesThumb L.C.
T.Y.B.A. / 233
(23) Politics
Appendix
UNIVERSITY OF PUNE
T.Y.B.A. POLITICS : G 3
GOVERNMENT & POLITICS OF MAHARASHTRA
The course is to be taught in the light of Political Process
in Maharashtra.
1. Sanyukta Maharashtra Movement.
2. Governmental structures & their role and functions :
(a) Structures :
Legislature :
(i) Vidhan Sabha Formation,
(ii) Vidhan Parishad functions
(iii) Law-making process power &
(iv) Legislative committees role.
(b) Executive :
(i) Governor : Appointment, power, functions
and role.
(ii) Council of Ministers : Chief Minister :
Powers, functions, role formation of Council
of Ministers.
Cabinet : Powers, functions, role.
(c) Civil Service : M.P.S.C. : Composition, functions,
role, role of Civil Service in Maharashtra.
(d) Judiciary :
High Court : Composition : Power, Functions.
}
T.Y.B.A. / 234
3. Local Self Government :
(a) Evolution of Local-Self-Govt. in Maharashtra :
( i ) Pre-Independence period.
( ii) Post-Independence period.
Decentralization of powers.
Balwantrai Mehta Committee.
Vasantrao Naik Committee.
P. B. Patil Committee.
73rd & 74th Amendment.
(b) Urban Local-self Institutions :
Formation, powers, functions, finances, problems
evaluation :
( i ) Mahanagarpalika.
( ii) Nagarparishads.
(iii) Cantonment Boards.
(iv) Role and Importance of Urban Local-Self-
Government.
(c) Rural Local-Self Government :
( i ) Zilla Parishad.
( ii) Panchayat Samiti.
(iii) Gram Panchayats.
(iv) Gramsabha.
4. Political Parties & Pressure-Groups :
(a) National Parties : Origin, Organization ideology
leadership & Electoral role :
( i ) Indian National Congress.
( ii) Bharateeya Janata Party.
(iii) Janata Dal.
(iv) Communist Parties.
(v) R.P.I.
Social basis & Electoral Politics of Parties.
T.Y.B.A. / 235
(b) Regional Parties :
(i) P.W.P.
(ii) Shivsena.
(c) Pressure Groups :
(i) Trade Unions.
(ii) Peasant Organizations.
(iii) Dalit Movement.
(iv) Women Movement.
5. Politics of Co-Operative Movement :
(a) Evolution of Co-operatives movement.
(b) Political Influence of Co-operatives :
(i) Sugar Co-operative movement.
(ii) Co-operative Banks.
6. Emergence of Sub-regionalism :
(a) Nature of Sub-regionalism.
(b) Regional Imbalance & Regional Development
Boards.
(c) Separate Vidarbha State.
(d) Marathwada Vikas Andolan.
T.Y.B.A. / 236
T.Y.B.A. POLITICS : G 3
GOVERNMENT & POLITICS OF MAHARASHTRA
Question Bank
1. Discuss the need for linguistic reorganization of
Maharashtra.
2. Discuss the Post-independence development of
Samyukta Maharashtra Movement.
3. How was Sanyukta Maharashtra formed ?
Trace the development since the formation of States-
Reorganization Commission.
4. Discuss the role of the Sanyukta Maharashtra Samiti
in the formation of Sanyukta Maharashtra.
Notes :
Linguistic Provincialism in Maharashtra.
Language Politics in Maharashtra, State-Reorganization
Commission.
Leadership of Samyukta Maharashtra Movement,
Samyukta-Maharashtra Samiti, Bi-lingual state.
Maharashtra Karnataka Border Dispute.
Role of Indian National Congress in the formation of
Samyutka Maharashtra.
5. Discuss, the formation, powers and functions of Vidhan
Sabha of Maharashtra.
6. Discuss the role played by Vidhan-Sabha of
Maharashtra in Law-making.
7. Discuss the role played by Vidhan-Parishad of
Maharashtra in Law-making.
8. How is Vidhan-Parishad formed ? State the functions
of Vidhan-Parishad.
T.Y.B.A. / 237
Notes :
Bi-Cameralism in Maharashtra.
Necessity of Vidhan-Parishad.
Public Accounts Committee.
Speaker of Vidhan-Sabha.
Law-making process.
9. Discuss the role of the Governor of Maharashtra
as the Chief-Executive of the State.
10. Discuss the various political factors involved in the
appointment of the Chief-Minister.
11. Discuss the formation of Council of Ministers. What
is the role played by the Chief-Minister as its Head ?
12. Discuss the powers, functions and the role of Chief-
Minister of Maharashtra.
13. How is the Maharashtra Public Service Commission
organized ? What are the functions of the M.P.S.C.?
14. How are the Judges of the High Court appointed ?
Discuss the jurisdiction of the High-Court.
Note :
Governor, Maharashtra, Council of Ministers,
Chief-Minister, Cabinet System in Maharashtra,
M.P.C.C. Chief-Secretary, Advocate General.
15. Trace the evolution of Local-Self-Government in
Maharashtra before independence.
16. What is democratic decentralization ? Discuss the role
played by Vasantarao Naik Committee in the Process of
Democratic Decentralization.
17. How is the Panchayati Raj Pattern organized in
Maharashtra.
18. Discuss the formation and function of Zilla Parishads
in Maharashtra.
T.Y.B.A. / 238
19. Trade the nature and role of Urban Local Government
in Maharashtra.
20. Discuss the organizations and functions of
Nagarparishads in Maharashtra.
Notes :
Balawantrai Mehta Committee.
Vasantrao Naik Committee.
P.B. Patil Committee.
Democratic Decentralization.
Impact of Urbanization in the Political process of
Maharashtra.
Taluka Panchayat Samiti.
Gram-Panchayat.
Gram-Sabha.
73rd and 74th Amendments.
Chief Executive Officer.
Block Development Officer.
Gramsevak.
Commisioner of Municipal Corporation.
Administrative Officer of Nagarpalika Cantonment
Boards.
District Planning and Development Council.
State Election Commission.
21. Trade and evolution of Political Parties in Maharashtra
before independence.
22. Bring out the evolution of multiparty system in
Maharashtra.
23. Explain the origin organization and identity of Indian
National Congress.
24. How for the B.J.P.-Shivsena Combine is an alternative
to the Indian National Congress in Maharashtra.
25. Discuss the role of the opposition in Maharashtra.
T.Y.B.A. / 239
26. What is the role of Political pressure groups in the
Political process of Maharashtra.
27. Explain the contribution of various political force
in shaping the political process in Maharashtra.
Notes :
1. The Role of Indian National Congress in the
Politics of Maharashtra.
2. Communist parties in Maharashtra.
3. Janata Dal in Maharashtra.
4. Republican Party.
5. People's and worker's Party.
6. Shiv Sena.
7. Peasant's Organizations.
8. Trade Unions in Maharashtra.
9. Women movements.
10. Dalit Movements.
28. Discuss the Political influence of the Co-operatives in
Maharashtra.
29. Discuss the role of `Sugar Loby' in Maharashtra
Politics.
30 The Socio-cultural organization-movements in
Maharashtra are generally politically orient's comment.
31. Evaluate the role of Sugar-Co-operatives and
co-operative Banks in strengthening the democratic
process in Maharashtra.
Note :
(1) Impact of Co-operatives in Maharashtra Politics.
(2) Co-operative Banks & Politics in Maharashtra.
T.Y.B.A. / 240
33. Discuss the nature of Sub-regionalism in Maharashtra.
34. Explain the organizations, powers and functions of
Regional Development Councils.
35. Trace the demand for a separate Vidarbha State and
discuss its validity.
36. Linguistic & Economic forces are responsible for the
emergence of sub-regionalism in Maharashtra.
37. Account for the rise of subregionalism in Maharashtra.
38. Evaluate subregional movements in Maharashtra.
Notes :
(1) Separatist movement in Maharashtra.
(2) Maha Vidarbha State.
(3) Regional Development Councils.
(4) Politics of sub-regionalism in Maharashtra.
(5) Dandekar Committee Reports on Economic
Imbalance in Maharashtra.
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T.Y.B.A. / 241
GENERAL PAPER III
(From 1998-99)
Ancient Political Thought : (Eastern-Western)
1. Kautilya
2. Bheeshma
3. Confucius
4. Plato
5. Aristotles
6. St. Augustine.
Recommended Books
1. Sabine G.H.: A Hisrory of Political Theory, IBH, Calcutta,
1973.
2. Sinclair T. A.: A History of Greek Political Theory,
Routledge and M.K.Kegan Paul, London, 1966.
3. Prasad Beni : Theory and Government in Ancient India,
Central Book Depot, Allahabad, 1968.
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-.
Special Paper III
Introduction to Political Sociology.
1. Nature and meaning of Political Sociology.
2. Political Systems : Elements and Functions.
3. Political Culture : Types and Factors influencing Political
Culture.
4. Political Socialization : significance and Agencies of
Socialization.
T.Y.B.A. / 242
5. Political Recruitment : Meaning, Method and Significance.
6. Political Communication.
7. Political participation : means and levels of participation.
8. Power, influence.
Recommended Books
1. Ali Ashraf and L.N. Sharma : Political Sociology,
University, Hyderabad, 1983.
2. Joheri, J.C.: Comparative Politics, Sterling, New Delhi,
1976.
3. Rush M. and P. Althoff : An Introduction to Political
Sociology, Flecher, London, 1972.
4. Varma, S.P.,: Modern Political Theory, Vikas, New Delhi,
1977.
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Special Paper IV
Elements of Public Administration
1. Nature and Scope of Public Administration.
(a) Role of Public Adminitstration.
(b) New public Administration.
2. Organization :
(a) Chief Executive
(b) Staff and Linesagencies
(c) Department
(d) Public Corporation
(e) Commissions and Boards
3. Management :
(a) Leadership
(b) Policy Formation
T.Y.B.A. / 243
(c) Decision-making
(d) Planning
(e) Co-ordination
(f) Delegation
(g) Communication and Supervision
(h) Public Relation and publicity.
4. Types of Public Administration :
(A) Personnel Administration
(a) Recruitment
(b) Employer-Employee Relationship
(B) Financial Administration
(a) Delegated Legislation
(b) Administrative Tribunals.
Recommended Books
1. Avasthi A. and S.R.Maheshwari : Public Administration,
Laxmi Narain Agarwal, Agra, 1976.
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T.Y.B.A. / 244
(24) Sociology
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T.Y.B.A. / 245
(From June 1995)
INDIAN SOICIAL INSTITUTIONS
(General) (G-3)
No. of Lectures
1. Hindu View of life
(a) Ashramas 3
(b) Purushartha 3
(c) Teory of Karma and Re-birth 3
II Muslim social outlook :
(a) Pre-Islamic situation in its place of origin 2
(b) Social outlook of Islam as introduced by
Mohammed 2
(c) Phases of Islamination in India 1
III. Caste among Hindus :
(a) Nature and definition 2
(b) Features 2
(c) Varna, Caste and Tribe 3
(d) Caste and sub-castes 1
(e) Functions and dysfunctions 4
(f) Dominant Caste and Sanskritization 2
(g) Present positions of caste 4
(h) Future of caste 1
IV. Stratification among Muslim :
(a) Nature of hierarchical groups 3
(b) Comparison of hierarchical group with Hindus
Caste-system 4
Total 40
V. Marriage among Hindus
(a) Its Sacramental Nature 4
T.Y.B.A. / 246
(b) Eight traditional forms of Hindu Marriage and
Polygamy 6
(c) Age at Marriage 4
(d) Selection of Marital Partners Endogamy, Exogamy,
Hypogamy, Gotra, Sapinda and Pravara 5
(e) Conditions for Divorce (Reference should be made
to recent legal provisions) 2
VI. Marriage among Muslims :
(a) Its contractual nature, Role of Wali-proposal
acceptance and their consideration.
(b) Polygamy
(c) Dissolution of Muslim Marriage
Conditions. TypesKhula, Lian, Faskh
(d) Dissortation of Muslim Marriage Act, 1939.
VII. Family :
(a) Hindu Joint Familyits structure functions and
dysfunctions 6
(b) Forces affeting Joint Family in recent-times
4
(c) The family in the city 2
(d) Future of Joint Family 2
VIII. Status of Woman in India :
(a) Changing position of woman among Hindus and
Muslims with special reference to work-
opportunities, dowrey, divorce and related legal
provisions 2
Total 47
T.Y.B.A. / 247
Prescribed Books
1. Marriage and Family in IndiaKapadia K.M.
2. India Women from Purdh to ModernityR.R.Nanda
3. Caste and Social Stratification among MuslimsImtias
Ahmed
4. Hindu Social OrganizationP.H.Prabhu
5. Caste in Modern IndiaM.N.Srinivas
6. Caste in IndiaJ.H.Hutton
7. Caste, Class and OccupationG.S.Gharye
8. Hindu Family in an Urban SettingAilean Rose
9. Modernization of India Tradition : Yogendra Singh, 1973,
Publication Division, Delhi (Chapter II, IV and VII)
10. Muslim Law of Marriage, Divorce & Maintenance
M.A.Qureshi (Ch-VI, Pp. 185 to 263)
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Special Paper III
Techniques of Sociological Investigation (S-III)
1. General overview of research project
2. General phases and principles of scientific procedure
3. Scientific attitude and plan of study
4. The use of Historical data in Social research
5. Field observation
6. Questionnaires and schedules as aids in Social
exploration.
7. The interview as a tool in field research
8. The use of case data in social research
9. Basic statistical concepts and techniques
10. Different types of sampling
11. Some guiding considerations in the analysis of data and
report writing.
T.Y.B.A. / 248
Prescribed Books
1. Pouline Young : Scientific Social Survey and research,
Chapter 1,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11, till page 300 and Section on
mode pp. 472 to 499
2. Hans Raj : Methods of Social Research
3. ... -.. . -.- . -.-.'+ -.+.=. --.
Special Paper IV
Rural Society in India (S-IV)
I. (a) The need to study the rural society in India
(b) Basic features of rural society - rural urban
differences dichotomy and continuum
II. Typology of Indian Village-Bases of classification of
villages
(a) Nature of Settlement
(b) Socio-Economic System
(c) Land Ecological Factors
III. Religion
Religion-characteristics of rural religion and role of
temples, festivals and fairs
IV. Village Economy
(a) Place of agriculture and cottage industries
(b) Traditional division of labour and economic
interdependence-Jagmani system and Balutedari
system
(c) Pattern of land holding and its implications
(d) Commercialization of agriculture and its impact on
rural social structure
T.Y.B.A. / 249
V. Village Polity
(a) Village autonomy-during ancient period; disinte-
gration to traditional village panchayats during
British period.
(b) Democratic Decentralization in India Panchayat Raj-
Balawantrao Mehta Committee
Recommendations, objectives, functions and impact
VI. Education
(a) Need for education in rural areas
(b) Problems of education
(c) Wastage and stagnation
VII. Impact of Social Movements
(a) Bhoodan and gramdan movementorigin,
objectives and failures
(b) Co-operative movementobjectives, achievements,
and failures
VIII. Planned changes in Rural India
(a) Community Development programmes, Meaning,
Objectives, Activities, Achievement and Failures
(b) Integrated Rural Development programme
(c) Land Reforms Eradication of System, Tenancy
IX. Impact of Industrialization and Urbanization on Rural
India
(a) DestructionTraditional, Industries
(b) Migration
(c) Promotion of small scale industies in Rural India
T.Y.B.A. / 250
Prescribed Books
1. Desai A.R. : Rural Society
2. Sriniwas M.N. : Indias Villages
3. Sriniwas M.N.: Caste in Modern India
4. Kamat A.R.: Progress of Education in Rural Maharashtra
5. Maheshwari S.R.: Rural Development in India
6. Dutta and Sundaram : India Economy
7. ... .:.- =+u- . +.-. --..--
8. ... +.-+.- . +.-. --..--.
OR
Industrial Sociology (S-IV)
I. Nature, scope, definitions and development of Industrial
Sociology (8)
II. Development of Industry :
(a) Different stagesmanorial fluid, domestic,
Industrial and automation 8
(b) Industrialization and Family 2 (10)
III. Formal and Informal Organizations :
(a) Line Organization 2
(b) Staff Organization 2
(c) Division of Labour effects 3
(d) Informal Organization and its role in industry
G.E.C. experiment3 (10)
IV. Roles in Industry :
(a) Worker2
(b) Foreman4
(c) Executive2
(d) Strains in the of Worker, Foreman and
Executive4 (12)
Total : 40
T.Y.B.A. / 251
Books Prescribed
(Reading Material)
1. The Sociology of Industry Parker, Prewn, Child and
Smith
2. Industrial SociologyMiller and form
3. Industrial SociologyE.Schneider
4. Fundamental of Industrial SociologyP. Gisbert.
Industrial Sociology (with a special reference to Indian)
V. Trade Union Movement in Indian :
(a) A brief Historical account5
(b) Achievements2
(c) Limitations3
(d) Functions of Trade Union-1
(e) Types of Union Tactice2 (13)
VI. Settlement of Disputes :
(a) Collective Bargaining3
(b) Conciliation1
(c) Arbitration and Adjudication2
(d) Labour Courts and Industrial Tribunal1 (7)
Reading Material
1. Labour Problems and Industrial Movement in India
V.V.Giri.
2. Labour Welfare, Trade Unionism and Industrial relations,
S.D.Punekar, Deodhar and Sankaran
3. Fundamentals of Industrial SociologyPascul Gisbert
VII. Social Security Measures :
(a) Definition, Nature and Development of Social
Security Measures in India2
T.Y.B.A. / 252
(b) Various social security measures with special
reference to
(1) Workmens Compensation Act, 1923
(2) Provident Fund Act, 1952
(3) Maternity Benefits 1961
(4) Welfare of Special Categories in Industry
(a) Female Labour
(b) Child Labour (6)
VIII. (a) Problems of worker in unorganized sector2
(b) Problems of women workers2
IX. (a) Rationalization, its need in India, problems of
Rationalization and safeguards to facilitate
Rationalization4
(b) Appropriate technology, meaning-arguments for
and against-with special reference to India-3 and
against-with special reference to India3
(c) Concentration of industries, Power causes and
consequences, need for decentralisation. 3
Total : 40
Books Prescribed
(Reading Material) :
(1) Labour Problems and Industrial Movement in India
V.V.Giri.
(2) Labour Welfare, Trade Unionism and Industrial relations
S.D.Punekar, Deodhar and Sankaran.
(3) Fundamentals of Industrial Sociology Pascul Gisbert
(4) ~..'++ --..-- ... -.. +-+. +.-+.-.
Books Recommended
E.R. Ramaswamy and Uma Ramaswami (1981) : Industry
and LabourAn Introduction.
T.Y.B.A. / 253
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.-. . u.-.-+. +.-.. =.+ :.. '-. .
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T.Y.B.A. / 254
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(25) Geography
Paper/Course No. Gg 320 /5-3
Course Title : Physical Geography of India & Geography of Maharashtra.
Objectives of Paper : (i) To aquaint the students with Geography of our nation.
(ii) To aquaint the students with Geography of our state
(iii) To make students aware of the magnitude and nature of problem &
Prospectus of national & state level on geographical basis.
(iv) To help the students to understand recent trends in regional
study
Topic Submit Learning points Number of Periods
1 2 3 4
Location & a) Geographcial (i) Geographical & relative location
Position location (ii) Relative location in South Asia
of India. (iii) Geographical location of Maharashtra 01
b) Economic position (i) Economic position of India in relation
to globalization as producer &
consumer Energy resources, industrial
products, Cultural & other services 02
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c) Geological Salient features of geological structure 01
structure of India of India
Physiography a) Main physiographic .(i) The Northern mountains
& Drainage divisions (ii) The North Indian Plains
(iii) The Peninsular plateau
(iv) The coastal lowlands & the island
various landforms in each division
(v) Physiographic divisions & account
of landforms of Maharashtra. 10
b) Drainage Pattern Major river systems of India
(i) East Flowing : Ganga Brahmaputra,
Godavari, Krishna
(ii) West Flowing : Sindhu, Tapi, Narmada
(iii) Major river system of Maharashtra
Godavari, Krishna, Vardha, Bhima,
Tapi & Konkan river system. 08
1 2 3 4
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1 2 3 4
Climate Climate of India (i) Various seasons & weather conditions
associated with them.
(ii) Mechanism of Monsoon
(iii) Charateristics & importance of
forecastiong of Monsoon
(iv) Major climate regions of India
(v) Climate of Maharashtra 06
Soils Soil types (i) Major soil types in India & their
distribution
(ii) Major soil types in Maharashtra
& their distribution
(iii) Soil degradation & soil conservation 06
Forest Forest types (i) Major forest types in India
(ii) Major forest types in Maharashtra
(iii) Deforestation & conservation of forest
(iv) Importance of forest resources
in national economy. 06
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Section II/Geography of Maharashtra
Minerals and Distribution & (i) Iron-ore, Manganeses, Bauxite
Power resources utilization of (ii) Coal, petroleum, natural gas
mineral & power (iii) Various power projects in
resources. Maharashtra (Hydro, thermal,
atomic) 08
Agriculture Distribution crops (i) Rice, wheat, jawar, cotton, sugarcane
& production of (ii) Recent trends in agriculture, use of
major crops modern techniques, Horticulture,
dairy farming, vegetables, agro-forestry
(iii) Agricultural problems of Maharashtra 08
Industries Majar industries & (i) Industrial policies & development after
development independence
(ii) Account of the development &
distribution of Textile, Sugar, Chemical,
Fertilizer & Engineering industries
(iii) Development of Industrial belts in
Maharashtra
(iv) Problems related to industrial
development 08
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1 2 3 4
Population Growth & (i) Growth & distribution of population
distribution (ii) Composition of Population
(iii) Seasonal Migration
(iv) Urbanization & its related problems 08
Regional Development of (i) Western Maharashtra including Konkan
Development different regions (ii) Vidarbha
(iii) Marathwada. 08
(Note : students should prepare 10 maps for each section)
Reference Books
1) A. N. Agrawal India economy problems of development of planning
2) B. Arunechalam Maharashtra
3) S. N. Chopra India An Area study
4) C.P. Deshpande Geography of Maharashtra
5) R. N. Dubey & B. S. Negi Economic Geography of India
6) Gopal Singh India
7) Govt. of Maharashtra Economic Development of Maharashtra
8) Govt. of Maharashtra Agricultural Direction Sprend and Achievements.
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9) C. E. Memoria Geography of India
10) NCAER
11) R. C. Sharma India
12) R. L. Singh Regional Geography of India
13) CHK Spate India and Pakistan
14) Sharma & Coutinho Economic and Commercial Geography of India
15) -.. :.. |+. +.- ~.-.=. ..+'-+ ~+.-
16) -.. -.. :.. +.. ~--e ~.-.=. ~+.-
.:.-. '. ~-.
T.Y.B.A.Geography Paper / General
* Paper / Course No. Gg.-310
* Paper / Course Title : Evironmental Science
* Objectives of the Paper :
1) To introduce the students inter- relationship of geography and environmental
Science.
2) To acquaint the student radimentary principles of ecosystem, equilibrium and
environmental balance.
3) To address the students with the understanding of various global problem
and their geography analysis.
4) To know the students the knowledge of resource appraised and qualitative.
use.
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Sr. No. Topic Sub-Topic Learning points Number of Periods
1 2 3 4
1. Introduction to Nature and Scope (a) Definition of Environmental 04
Environmental (b) Nature and Scope
Science (c) Dynamic Science
(d) Interdisciplinary nature of environmental
Science
2. Ecosystem - I Structure & (a) Definition & meaning of Ecosystem 12
functioning (b) Photosynthesis & Producers
(c) Energy-transformation-Energetics
(d) Food chain and food web
(e) Ecological Niche
(f) Nutrient cycles : Nitrogen, Oxygen
and Carbon
(g) Population Community, balanced ecosystem
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3. Ecosystem-II Major ecosystem (a) Terrestrial Ecosystem : Equatorial Tropical desert,
of the earth mountain, ecosystem 08
(b) Fresh water ecosystemrivers and lakes
(c) Ocean & Estuary ecosystem
4. Man & A) Man & Natural (a) Environmental basis of population growth 12
Environment resources (b) Man and energy resource Renewal & Non-
renewable
(c) Man & water resources Utilization of surface &
groundwater, methods of irrigation, problems due
to over irrigation
(d) Man & mineral resources : Explanation of mineral
resources and related problems
(e) Man and forest resources : environmental
significance of forest deforestation &
environmental degradation
(f) Agriculture environment : A groconsystem concept
of ecological efficiency, world food problem
1 2 3 4
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1 2 3 4
B) Development and (a) Industrialization & Urbanizationits impacts on
Environment Environment
(b) Man induced landslides, floods, soil erosion,
Earthquakes, desertification 04
SECTION II
5. Impact of A) Pollution-General Pollution-definition & meaning,
Human sources, effects, permissible limits 02
activities B) Air Pollution (a) Air Pollutants : Hydrocarbons,
on health Sulpher oxides, Nitrogen Oxides,
and Carbon Monoxide Particulate matter-
environment Lead, Zinc & Iron permissible limits
(b) Sources of air pollution meteorology
of air pollution 08
(c) Acid rain.
(d) Domestic air pollution
(e) Effect of airpollution on plants,
animals, human health & materials.
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(C) Water Pollution (a) Water pollution : surface and ground
water pollution.
(b) Pollutants : Chemical, biological and
radio active.
(c) Source of Pollution : Industrial domestic,
agricultural.
(d) Adverse effects on soil, plants, animals
& human health. 08
(D) Noise Pollution (a) Definition, measurement & source of
noise pollution, permissible limits. 04
(b) Effect of noise pollution on human health.
(E) Land and Soil (a) Solid hazardous & toxic waste.
Pollution (b) Origin & nature of wastes, chemical
radioactive & soild waste.
(c) Effect of waste, disposal on human
health. 04
(d) Bio-degradable & non-biodegradable waste.
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1 2 3 4
Pollution Methods of check Major techniques in water air and
control Pollution. noise pollution control. 06
Environmental (A) Environmental (a) Meaning & Scope of EIA.
Issues and Impact Assessment (b) Methodology adopted in the EIA.
assessment (ELA).
(B) Important global (a) Global warning & Green house effect.
and regional (b) Destruction of ozone layer.
environmental (c) Nuclear disasters & their impact.
problems (d) Bhopal Gas disaster.
(e) Gang pollution. 08
Books
1. Kupchell C. E., Hyland M. C. (1986) : Environmental Science, Living within the system, Alleyn
and Bacon Inc.
2. Turk J. (1985) : Introduction to Environmental Studies, Saunders College, PUB. Holl-Sawaders,
Japan.
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3. Anderson J. M. (1983) : Ecology for Environmental Sciences, Edward Arnold.
4. Slrahler A. N. and Slrahler A. P. (1977) : Geography and Maris Environment : John Wiley and
Sons, New York.
5. Balleimus P. : Environment and Development.
6. Encyclopedias of Environment Science Macgraw Hill Pub.
7. Rao P.L.D. (1986) : Pollution Control Hand book : Utility, Publication Ltd., Secunderabad.
8. Bernard J. Nobel (1987) : Environmental Science Prentice Hall.
9. Andrew Goudie : The Human Impact On natural environment, Pub. Basil Black Woll-Lel.
10. W. R. Ahirrao, S. S. Alizad, C. S. Dhapte, Environment Science (1995) : Nirali Prakashan,
Jogeshwary Chowk, Pune.
11. T. P. Patil, M. M. Phule, C. T. Pawar, S. B. Shinde, R. S. Adsul : Environmental, Supreme
Prakashan, Kolhapur
T.Y.B.A. G 310 : Geography of Tourism (General)
SECTION I
Units Sub-Units Content Areas
Nature of (a) Nature (1) Definition of Tourists and Tourism.
Scope (2) Role of Geography in Tourism.
(3) Importance of Tourism.
1 2 3 4
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1 2 3 4
(b) Scope & Extent (1) Tourism and Travel as basic needs of mankind.
(2) Tourism as an economic activity.
(3) Tourism and national integrity.
(c) History of Tourism (1) Concept of recreation & Leisure.
(2) Components-location,
Accommodation, Transportation.
(3) Elements-Accessibility, Ammenities.
Factors (a) Physical (1) Relief-Mountain, Lakes, Beaches, Coasts, Water
affecting Tourism fall, Hot springs.
(2) Climate-Hill station, Health resorts.
(3) Vegetation-National parks and Sancturies.
(b) Cultural (1) Religions and Pilgrinage centres.
(2) Historical monuments.
(3) Centres of tribal culture folk and festival.
(4) Temples.
(5) Sports centres.
(6) Dams and reservoirs.
(7) Major industrial Town & Planned cities.
(Example related to India).
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Basis of classi- (a) Nationality (1) International.
fiction of (2) Domestic.
tourists (b) Time of Travel (3) Long haul, short haul, holiday
tourists, day trippers.
(c) Travel Distance (1) Global, continental, Regional and local.
(d) Number of Tourists (1) Individual and groups.
(e) Purpose of Travel (1) Recreation, Cultural activities, Health,
S Sports, Business Conventions.
Role of (a) Mode of (1) Air, Rail, Road Water Ways.
Transportation Transportation.
in Tourism (b) Factors influencing (1) Type of tourist, Availability of means of
choice of Transport. Transport.
(2) Cost of transport, Travel Time.
(3) Efficiency levels, (Frequency, carrying
capacity) incentive aforesaid.
(c) Agencies and (1) Govt. Organizations, Private agencies.
Guides (2) Role of guides in tourism.
(3) Training Programme of Guides.
(4) Licensing and recognition & guides.
(5) Languages known and level of proficiency.
1 2 3 4
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Role of (a) Accommodation (1) Hotels, Motels, innc., Sraies, Dharmashalas,
Accommodation Types (2) Govt. Accommodation, Tourist homes.
in Tourism. (3) Youth Hostels, Cottages, Tents, Caravans.
(4) Rail yatri Bhavan, Houses boats.
(5) Private accommodations.
Unrecognized accommodations. 40
SECTION II
Impact of (a) Economic impact 1. Tourism and economic activity
(a) Effect on foreign exchange.
(b) Employment generation.
(c) New avenues for export of craft
and other materials.
2. Invisible export
(a) Boost to trade and commerce.
(b) Emergence of multinational co-operations.
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3. Concepts of economic multiplyers.
(a) Increase in trading activities.
(b) Increase in Land values.
(c) Increase in Govt. revenues.
4. Impact of Tourism on free economy.
5. Economic impact of Tourism on economy of
(a) Jammu & Kashmir.
(b) Goa.
(b) Physical and 1. Tourism and Environment conflicting
Environmental and symbiotic relationship.
impacts 2. Tourism development & intervention in
different ecosystems such as Vegetation,
water, soil & Land, wild life
(c) Social impacts 1. New colonialism 2. Crime and Gambling activities
3. Religion 4. Language 5. Health
(d) Cultural change 1. Tourism and cultural change
2. Traditional arts and its deterioration
3. Effects of foreign elements
1 2 3 4
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Development (a) Nature of 1. Evaluation of existing position
and Planning Tourist Planning 2. Formation of Policies
3. Considerations of obstacles
4. Developmental strategies
5. Govt. Policies
6. Tourist fecilities-Govt. and Private facilities
7. Elaborate action plan.
(b) Levels of Planning 1. Planning for national level
2. Regional and Local level 6
(c) Tourism Planning Explanation should be given with Indian
in India examples for all subunits a,b,c.
Evaluation of (a) Assessment of 1. Physical
Potentials & regions ability to 2. Cultural and
Tourism attract tourists 3. Social factors.
(b) Methodology for (i) Regional Survey
assessing tourist (ii) Resource base survey
potentioals (iii) Terrain evaluation
(iv) Survey on folk and cultural activities.
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Case studies (a) Hill stations Mahabaleshwar and Panchmadi (MP)
of (b) Beach Resorts Ganpati Pule and Kalangut (Goa)
Major Tourist (c) Historical centres Rigarh, Agra
Centres (d) Caves and Temples Ajanta and Ellora, Humpy
(e) Religious Centres Pandharpur, Tirupati
(f) National Park Melghat, Kaziranga
(g) Dams Bhandaradara, Bhakra.
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. A Geography of Tourism : Robinson H. (1996)
2. Tourism Development, Principles : Bhatia A.K., Sterling Publisher Ltd., New Delhi
and Practices
3. Geography of Tourism and Recreation : S.N.Singh (1985)
4. Tourism Today : A Geographical : Douglas Pearce (1987)
Analysis
5. Tourism : Economic Physical & : Mathiseson A. & Wall C, Logman, U.K.
Social Impact
6. India : A Tourist Paradise : Manoj Das.
7. Tourism Today : An Indian : Maneet Kumar
Perspectives
1 2 3 4
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8. Geography of Travel and Tourism : Hudman L.E.
9. Successful Tourism Management : Seth P.N. (1985) Sterling Publisher Ltd., New Delhi.
10. Tourism Analysis : Smith S.L.J.
11. Tourism in India : Gupta V.K.
12. Dynamics of Tourism : Kaul R.N., Sterline Publisher Ltd.
13. Geography of Tourism : S.B. Shinde, Phadke Prakashan, Kolhapur 2
T.Y.B.A./Geography-Practical course (Six period per Batch each Batch 12 students)
Paper Course No-Gg 301/S-4
Title of the Paper- Map Reading & Statistical methods
Objectives of paper- (i) To enable the students with techniques maps & their geographical
interpretation.
(ii) To acquaint the students statistical methods in geography & its
utility in the interpretation of geographical phenomena.
1 2 3 4
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Sr. No. Unit Submit Learning points Number of Periods
1. S.O.I. (a) Representation (i) Qualitative & Quantitative methods.
Toposheets of relief, slope & (ii) Methods of slope expression
contour features Types of slope-Even, Uneven, Concave,
Convex, gentle, steep, terraced
(iii) Contour features such as hill, ride
spur, valley, escarpment, waterfall
(cliff), plateau, pass, saddle
(b) Arrangement of (i) Index Number-Its relation with scale,
Sheets on extent of area, contour interval
the map of India (ii) Types of toposheets Grid reference (six figure)
(c) Marginal (i) Meaning and description of marginal information
information (ii) Study and drawing of signs & symbols uses in
S.O.I. Toposheets
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1 2 3 4
(d) Map Interpretation (i) Interpretation of three S.O.I.
Toposheets each from (a) Plain
(b) plateau, (c) mountainous regions
(e) Profiles (i) Drawing a longitudinal and
transverse profile with the help of
contourmaps and Toposheets
(ii) Intervisibility.
2. I.M.D. (a) Weather Drawing of instruments, their principel
Weather Charts Instruments structure, working & use.
(i) Maximum and minimum thermometers.
(ii) Thermograph.
(iii) Wet-bulb and drybulb thermometer.
(iv) Hygrometer (v) Aneroid Barometer.
(vi) Barograph (vii) Rain Gauge.
(viii) Wind vane & cup anemometer.
(ix) Stevensons screen.
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(B) Isobasic Patterns (i) Cyclone. (ii) Anticylone depression.
(iii) Trough of low pressure. (iv) Wedge.
(v) Col. (vi) Secondary cyclone / depression. 02
(C) Signs & symbols (i) Study and drawing of signs and symbols
used in the I.M.D. weather charts. 02
(D) Weather charts Study and interpretation of I.M.D. weather
Interpretation charts including departure of temperature
from normal.
(i) Monsoon season.
(ii) Retreat of monsoon.
(iii) Winter season.
(iv) Summer season.
(Note : Each batch will record any weather phenomena at least for a week and note down their
observation as a part of practical work in the Journal.)
1 2 3 4
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Statistical (A) Frequency (i) Histograph.
Methods. Distribution. (ii) Frequency Polyon & frequency curve.
(iii) Give curve-less than basis, more than basis.
(B) Measures of (i) Various measures of central tendency.
Central Tendency their uses, comparision.
(ii) Mean, Median, Mode
(At least 3 examples of each using only
grouped data).
(C) Population & (i) Meaning & types of population.
Sampling. (ii) Sampling, methods of sampling
(Random, systematic, stratified).
(D) Measures of (i) Variance, (ii) Standard deviation
Dispersion. Coefficient of variation.
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(E) Correlation (i) Concept of correlation-meaning types
coefficient of correlation.
(ii) Persons coefficient of correlation.
(iii) Rank order correlation coefficient of spearman (At
least 2 examples of each, with interpretation).
(iv) Simple Regression.
(v) Standard error (hi-squara Test).
(vi) Chi-Square Test.
Field excursion/ Long tour upto 15 days Excursion report should be written minimum of
Tour Projectwork. & short tour upto 7 days 20 pages & it should include maps, sketches
applicable all over India. graphs, Photographs & to be submitted at the time
of practical examination.
Maintenance of journal is compulsory. Those
students who will fail to do so will not be allowed
to appear for the practical, examination. Produce If
student fails to produce journal at the time of
practical examination. Principal & Head of
Geography Department should certify that the
student had maintained the journal.
1 2 3 4
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2
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9
(a) Practical should be done properly and journal should be maintained Journal
must be certified by Head of the Department. Candidate without journal,
should not be allowed for practical examination.
Weightage for above topics in the question paper shall be as follows :
Topic Marks
Toposheets 20
Weather maps 20
Statistical methods 30
Field excursion or Tour report
or Project work 20
Journal & Oral 10
Total Marks 100
T
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BOOKS
1. Dr. Jog & Dr. Saptarshi Sankhyiki Bhugol
2. King Quantitative Geography
3. Miller Skin of the Earth
4. Singh & Kanaujia Map work & Practical Geography
5. Wilkinson & Monshourse Maps & Diagrams.
6. W. R. Shirrao, S. S. Aizad, C. S. Dhapte Nakashashastriya Tantra and Sankhyiki
Bhugol
T. M. Varat, B. B. Pawar
7. Dr. Arjun Kumbhar Practical Geography
T.Y.B.A. / 281
(26) Lingustics
Introduction to Applied Linguistics
1. Language learnig : difference between Childs acquisition
of one of more language and an adults informal or formal
learning of language in respect of motivation and aptitude.
2. Language teaching : Phases, preparation, presentation,
revision testing, remedial and follow up work, self-instruction
and classroom instruction.
3. The four skills and their interrelation : Listening, speaking,
reading and writing.
4. Translation : Definition and general types. Translation
equivalent. Meaning and total translation, transference.
5. Introduction to the structure of Devanagari.
Books Recommended
Lado, R. : Language teaching.
Bannett, W. A. : Aspect of language teaching.
Catford, J. C. : Linguistics theory and translation.
Topics 1 and 2 of the above syllabus are prescribed for
the Term-End Examinations.
T.Y.B.A. / 282
(27) Defence and Strategic Studies
(Effect from June 1996)
Note : (1) The general content of all the courses will be
historical descriptive in nature.
(2) The course DS-1 Modern Warfare, DS-4 Indias
National Security, DS-5 Geopolitics and Military Geography
introduce concept relevantly to the understanding of the
discipline level of teaching these course is to be limited
introduction of these concepts and understanding of theirs
and meaning.
(3) The courses DS-6 Defence Economics, DS-13
International Law, DS-15 Military Sociology and Psychology
are introduced nature. They are expected to introduce Students
to specialised area.
G-3 : DEFENCE ORGANISATION IN INDIA
SECTION I
1. Principles of Defence Organization.
2. Reconstruction of Indian Armed Forces after 1947.
(a) Reconstruction of the Army.
(b) Reconstruction of the Navy.
(c) Reconstruction of the Air Force.
3. Higher Defence Organization in India :
(a) Power of the President in relation to the Armed
Forces.
(b) Parliament and Armed Forces.
(c) Defence Committee of the Cabinet/Political Affair
Committee.
(d) Ministry of Defence-Organization and Functions.
(e) National Defence/Council or Security.
T.Y.B.A. / 283
4. Defence Mechanism of the Indian Armed Forces :
(a) Chiefs of Staff Committee.
(b) Organization of Army Headquarters, Naval
Headquarters and Air Headquarters.
(c) Organization of Army Commands.
(d) Coast Guard.
5. Intelligence :
(a) Introduction and History of Intelligence.
(b) Role of scope.
(c) Devices for collecting intelligence.
(d) Counter Intelligence.
(e) Indian Intelligence Organization.
SECTION II
6. Infantry :
(a) Characteristics, Role and Limitations.
(b) Infantry Division and Battalion Organization.
7. Armoured Corps and Artillery : Characteristics, Role
and Limitations.
8. Engineers and signals : Characteristics, Role and
Limitations.
9. Logistic Services : Characteristics, Role and Limitations,
ASC, AOC, AMC, EME.
10. Indian Navy : Characteristics, Role and Limitations.
Various types of battleship in I.N. Roll of Aircraft carrier.
11. Indian Air-Force : Characteristics, Role and Limitations.
Various types of Aircrafts in the I.A.F.
Selected Reading
1. Venkateswarm A. L. : Defence Organization in India.
2. Stephan Colhen : Indian Army - A sketch of its History
and organization.
T.Y.B.A. / 284
3. Nagendra Singh : Defence Mechanism of Modern State.
4. Ministry of Defence : Annual Report.
5. Lt. Col. Abhyankar M. G. : Defence Principles and
Organization.
OR
G-3 : EVOLUTION OF STRATEGIC THOUGHT
SECTION I
A. The Classical Thought of 19th Century :
1. Clausewitz-on war-and its relationship with Politics-
Strategy-Tactics.
2. Jomini-Concept of Mass, Army Strategy-Strategy-
Tactics and Logistics.
B. From 19th Century to First World War :
3. Marx-Military concept of social revolutionaries.
4. Moltke-The Prusian-German school of strategic
thought.
5. Du picq-French school of strategic thought.
6. Foch-Principles of war, the French school.
SECTION II
C. From First of Second World War :
7. Churchill-the Emergence of Civilian-Civic Military
Relation.
8. Ludendorf-The German concept of total War.
9. Lenin Stalin-Soviets concepts of war.
10. Liddle Hart-The British concept of warfare-Total
War-Deterrence.
T.Y.B.A. / 285
11. J.F.C. Fuller-Concept of mobile warfare, Advent of
Tank and decline of French warefare-Science and
Conduct of war.
12. A. T. Mahan-Theory of sea power.
13. Douhat-Theories of Air warfare.
14. Hitler-The Nazi concept of war-Blitzkrieg.
D. Second War to Date :
15. Mao Tse Tung-Chinease concept of war-Strategy
and concept of Guerilla Warfare-Concept of Urban
Guerilla Warfare.
16. The Guevara-Concept of Guerilla Warfare.
17. Concept of conventional deterrence and Nuclear
deterrance after II World War.
Selected Readings
1. Adie W.A.C. : Chinese strategic Thinking under Mao Tse
Tung.
2. Alperovit Z. G. : Atomic Diplomacy : Hiroshima and
Potsdam.
3. Briend, Bend : Liddle Hart : A study of his Military
Thought.
4. Broud L. : Winston Churchil : The Years of Achievements.
5. Brodie B. :
(1) Escation and the Nuclear option.
(2) A Guide to Naval Strategy.
(3) Strategy in the Missile Age.
6. Brown N. : Strategic Mobility.
7. Clausewitz : On War.
8. Earle E. M. : Makers of Modern Strategy.
9. Fuller J.F.C. : Conduct of War.
10. Tedder L. : Air Power in War.
T.Y.B.A. / 286
Recommended Book
Dr. Shrikant Paranjpe : Samairk Shatra-Continental Prakashan,
Pune.
Special Paper III
S-3 DEFENCE PRODUCTION IN INAIA
SECTION I
1. Rationale for arms production in the third World
(a) Political economy of Defence expenditure.
(b) Economic inference.
2. Defence and Development
(a) Concept of development.
(b) Nature of the debate.
3. Government Policies regarding Defence Production in
India
(a) Industrial Policy resolution of the Government.
(b) Growth in Defence Industry after 1962.
(c) Problem of foreign collaboration and problem of
self- sufficiency.
SECTION II
4. Structure of Defence Production in India
(a) Department of Defence production in the ministry
and defence (Structure and function).
(b) Ordanance Factories : Objectives, Product ranges,
Highlights in the workings.
(c) Defence Public sector undertakings : Basic
information about important undertakings.
5. Defence Science and Technology
(a) DDRDO.
(b) Problem of Idigenisation.
6. Role of Private Sector in Defence in India.
T.Y.B.A. / 287
Books
(1) Ron Mathews : Defence Production in India (ABC, New
Delhi).
(2) Military year Book.
S-2 Industrial SecurityPAPER II
PART I
1. Security-Government Policy and Law, Fundamental right,
security of personal property, right of arrests and prevention,
right of searching.
Penal Offences : (i) Cognizable,
(ii) Non-Cognizable.
Bailable and Non-bailable crime (offence), Illegal
tresspassing, housebreaking, Crowd or riots, arrests, Bombay
Police Act of 1951, sections 122 to 124.
2. Industrial Security and Crimes-Theft, Sabotage, Infiltration,
Strike, Procession, Terrorism etc.
3. Fire Preventive Measures-Chemical equipments, Soda,
Acid, Fire fighting equipment, foantile carbon dioxide
equipments, dry chemical equipment, Bromo-cloro defuro mithen
and other equipment-Water tenders, Fire trailor engine, fire
preventive intimation system (automatic system) etc. and its
maintenance.
4. Security Organization-Chief of organization, Chief of the
Security officer, Security officer, Assistant security officer,
Inspector of security, Different sectional (departmental) officers,
(Goods Section, Crime investigating section, Secret section,
Fire fighting department etc.).
PART II
5. Training of Security-General security, Fire preventing
measures, Production of intelligence gathering equipment-its
history and working, Model studying orders, Accidents and
relief measures, Material security, Rights, Duties and Discipline
etc.
T.Y.B.A. / 288
6. Security Establishment-Elasticity in discipline, leadership,
hospitality, report, foresight, uniform, controlling the unexpected
situation.
7. Accidents-Chemobyls and Bhopal-Lapses in security
measures and its short term and long term effects.
8. Pollution Control-Personal and general disposal of
sewages and litters, Boiler Chimmey : Noticing of Danger,
Measures etc.
Books
1. Fundamentals in the Industrial Security Management,
Madras.
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S-3 MILITARY SOCIOLOGY AND PSYCHOLOGY
SECTION I
1. Social Institution and their Organization and the armed-
force-Social base military power, Social background of defence
personnel, Social changes and change in character and
composition of the armed forces.
2. The Military Organization, Hierachy, Co-ordination
discipline, motivation moral in the armed forces.
3. Sociology of war, social causes of war, social obigation
for war, Adjustment and emotional problems during the war,
social aspect of victory and defeat.
4. Post war social problems, problems of large scale
disabndment of personnel, their rehabilitation and social
adjustment of servicemen releases after war, Effects of war on
society.
5. Military-Civil relationship. The soldier and the society,
soldier and critical system, soldier and the productive system,
image of the soldier in different societies.
T.Y.B.A. / 289
SECTION II
6. Psychology and Armed Forces (General)
(a) Dimensions of behaviour, motivational effective and
competitive process. Relevance of psychology in
difference problems.
(b) Personnel selection and classification for defence
services, use of intelligence test, group testing,
procedures, elementary personality testing.
7. Application of principle of Psychology in military training,
motivation, learning, transfer of training, group and
individual training.
8. Group Dynamic in Military life in-
(a) Group structure, types and their functional
formation of social norms, groups problems solving.
(b) Leadership-Nature of leadership function of leader,
type of leadership training.
(c) Morale-Nature, determinants and techniques of
boosting moral, its significance in defence.
9. Psychological Warfare-
(a) Natural types, organization and techniques of
military propoganda.
(b) Structure, Theories and Techniques of cohercive
persuation determinant of brain washing effects.
(c) Psychology of rumour-Nature techniques and its
merits and demerits impact on war and society.
10. Mental Disorders of War (Abnormalities)
(a) Mental Health of Soldier in war.
(b) Psychological disorders and emotional strains
imposed by war-corwersion Hysteria, Anxiety and
war neunosis.
T.Y.B.A. / 290
Reading
1. Borgadus : Macmillan, New York.
2. Grille : Race, Class and Military.
3. Johnson John (ed.) : The Role of Military in Under-
developed Countries.
4. Stainless Androse : Military Organization and Society
Jewaki.
5. Nichek Fort R. D. : Men in Uniform, Military Manpower
in Modern Industrial Society.
6. Morries Janowfts : Sociology and the Military Establish-
ment.
7. Goldman : The Social Psychology of Military Science.
8. Leng : Military institutions and the Sociology of War.
9. L. G. Boring : Psychology for the Armed Services.
10. R. R. Grinker : Men Under Stress.
Special Paper IV
S-4 STUDY OF WAR & PEACE
(Paper Focuses on basic concept and their meanings
in a descriptive manner)
SECTION I
1. War :
(a) Meaning and definition, (b) Classification,
(c) Causes, (d) Principles, (e) Consequences.
2. Political Aspects of War :
(a) War and Politics, (b) Balance and Power,
(c) Collective Security, (d) Cold War,
(e) Disarmament and Arms Control.
T.Y.B.A. / 291
3. Economic Aspects of War :
(a) War as an Economic Problems,
(b) Defence and Development,
(c) Mobilization of resources,
(d) Economic Warfare,
(e) Post War Economy and Reconstruction.
SECTION II
4. Modern Warfare :
(a) Nuclear Warfare and the laws of War,
(b) Conventional deterence in nuclear age,
(c) Guerilla and irregular forces,
(d) Mechanization of Warfare,
(e) New military Technologies,
(f) Changing nature of war from limited to total.
5. Concept of Peace and its structure :
(a) Introduction,
(b) Settlement of disputes,
(c) Legal controls of armed conflict,
(d) Modern development and the law of neutrality,
(e) Role of UNO in peace keeping.
6. World Order Idologies :
(a) Political,
(b) Social and Political,
(c) Recent Trends.
Readings
1. Agrawal, A. N. : Economic Mobilization for National
Defence.
2. Barnard, L. L. : War and its Causes.
3. Baileys, S. D. : Prohibition and Restraints in War.
4. Baileys, G. : Causes of War.
5. Brierly, J. C. : Law of NationsAn Introduction of the
Law of Peace.
6. Buchan, A : War in Modern Society.
7. Palit, D. K. : War in Deterrent Age.
T.Y.B.A. / 292
OR
S-4 INDIAN ART OF WARFARE
SECTION I
1. Meaning, scope and sources of military history.
2. Military system in Ancient India,
(a) Vedic period, (b) Ramayana.
(c) Mahabharata, (d) Indus valley civilization, art of
war, organization, weapons etc.
3. Indo-Greck art of war with special reference to the battle
of Jhelum (326 B.C.)-Greck military organization, art of
war, weapons etc.
4. Kautilyas philosophy of war, military organization
weapons, forts, pattern of warfare, interstate relations,
espionage, concept of defence and security.
5. Military system of the Gupta Empire.
SECTION II
6. Rajput military system and art of warfare.
7. Turk military system with special reference to the battle
of smooth and Terrain.
8. Military system warfare and reforms during the Sultanate
period (1206 to 1526 A.D.).
9. Mughal Military system, organization training weapon
system, art of warfare, battle of Panipat (1526 A.D.),
battle of Haldighat (1576 A.D.).
10. Southern Indian Empires :
( i ) Cholas.
( ii) Vijaynagar.
Notes : The course focuses on the evolution of the
system of warfare, strategy and tactics.
T.Y.B.A. / 293
Selected Readings
1. B. K. Mujumdar : Military System in Ancient india.
2. J.F.C. Fuller : Generalship of Alexander-the Great.
3. K. P. Kangley : Kautilya Arthshastra.
4. J. N. Sarkar : Military History of India.
5. Erskin : Memories of Babar.
6. Willam Irvin : Army of the Indian Mughals.
7. S. N. Sen : The Military System of Marathas.
8. F. S. Bajwa : The Military System of Sikh.
9. Fortseque : History of British Army.
10. Chaudhari and Mandhare : Bharatiya Sainya Itihas.
OR
S-4 INTERNATIONAL LAW (OPTIONAL)
SECTION I
1. Nature of International Law.
2. Sources of International Law.
3. Subjects of International Law.
4. Human Rights.
5. Legal Control of international Conflict under united
Nations charter :
(a) Collective Security.
(b) Peace Keeping Forces.
SECTION II
6. Attempt to prohibit war by
(a) UN Security Council.
(b) UN General Assembly.
(c) International Court of Justice.
T.Y.B.A. / 294
7. International Law related to Law of War.
Hague Connections and Geneva Conventions.
8. War Crimes : History and definition.
9. Neutrality :
(a) Relation between belligerent and neutrals.
(b) Blockade.
(c) Contraband.
Books Recommended
1. Agarwala, S. K. (Ed.) : Essays on the Law of Treaties
(Bombay : Orient Longmans, 1973).
2. Agarwala S. K. (Ed.) : New Horizons of International Law
Development Countries (Bombay : N. N. Tripathi, 1983).
3. Anand R. P. : New States and International Law (New
Delhi: Vikas, 1972).
4. Anand R. P. : Studies in International Adjudication (New
Delhi : Vikas, 1963).
T.Y.B.A. / 295
(28) History of Civilization
(1815-1945)
1. Struggle between Liberation and conservation :
(a) Vienna Settlement, Metternich system and Concept
of Europe.
(b) Spread of revolutionary ideas in Europe during the
period 1815-1848.
2. Industrial Revolution in Europe-causes and impact.
3. The rise of socialist thought and labour movement-Early
socialists and scientific socialism of Karl Marx.
4. Growth of Nationalism and democracy-Liberal Ideas of
Adam Smith, Bentham and Mill-Growth of democracy in
England, Civil War in the U.S.A. in Italy and Germany.
5. New Imperialism-Spread of European colonics in Asia
and Africa-Economic implications of New Imperialism in
Asia and Africa.
6. The Socio-Economic base of the Russian revolutions of
1917 and its impact.
7. League of Nations-Experiment in International Co-
operation.
8. Socio-Economic conditions during the Inter-War-Period
(1919 to 1939).
9. Rise and Growth of Nationalism in Afro-Asian Countries.
10. Growth of Literature, Science and Technology.
T.Y.B.A. / 296
Books for study
1. Grant and TemporleyEurope in 19th and 20th Centuries.
2. LangshamWorld since 1919.
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Books for Reference
1. Carr. E.H.International Relation between the two World
Wars.
2. Beckmann, G.Modernization of China and Japan.
T.Y.B.A. / 297
(29) Logic
G-3 : General Paper III
Section I : Indian Logic
Topic 1: Nature and kind of Pramanas, Anumana and its
kinds : Svarthanumana and Pararthanumana,
Kevalanvayi, Kevalavyatireki and Anvayavyatireki.
The concepts of Vyapti and Paramarsa.
Topic 2 : Paksa, Sapaksa and Vipaksa. The five requirements
of good Hetu according to Nyaya and the three
requirements according to Buddhists.
Topic 3 : Pancavayavi Vakya Comparison with Aristotalian
Syllogism, Significance of Udadhavana.
Topic 4 : Hetvabhasa.
Books for Reading ( Relevant Section only )
1. Tarka-Samgraha of Annambhatta, edited with critical and
explanatory notesY.N. Athalye and translated with
Introduction by M.R. Bodas, NORI, Pune (1994).
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T.Y.B.A. / 298
Logic & Methodology of Science
Logic Paper III Paper III Section II
Methodology of Natural & Social Science
Topic I :
1.1. Distinction between common-sense Science :
Gerneralizations, Predictions and notion of cause.
1.2. Nature of scientific induction, problem of induction.
Topic II :
2.1 Method of hypothesis in nature, Science Nature of
good hypothesis, Verification of hypothesis and
problem concerning proof of hypothesis.
Mills methods of proof : Method of agreement and
method of difference.
2.2 Nature and classification of Laws of nature.
Distinction between law and theory.
2.3 Nature and various forms of scientific explanation.
Topic III :
3.1 Nature of Social Science. Distinction between
natural and Social Science.
3.2 Goals of Social Science : Understanding and
explanation. Positivist and non-positivist approa-
ches to social Sciences.
3.3 Some data collection method observation,
participatory and non-participatory types of
observation, Questionnaire, Interview.
3.4 Unity of Methodthesis and its Criticism.
Problem or value neutrality in Social Science.
Problem of objectivity and subjectivity in Social
Science
T.Y.B.A. / 299
Reference Books
1. Bhandarkar P.L. & Wilkinson T.S. : Methodology &
Techniques of Social Research, Himalaya Publishing
House, Bombay, 1977.
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T.Y.B.A. / 300
(30) Gandhian Thought
General Paper III
SECTION 1
Gandhian Political Philosophy :
(1) Meaning of Freedom is a political value. The Indian
struggle for Freedom. The problems of Means and Ends in
Indian political life. The Gandhian concepts of spiritualization
of politics.
(2) The concept of Non-violence and Satyagraha.
Satyagraha as a way of life. The pre-requisites of a Satyagrahi,
Passive and active resistance. The Gandhian doctrine of
Satyagraha as a technique of corporate action in political and
social life. Political mass movements. The techniques of non-
violent and silent social revoluation.
(3) Gandhian view of the nature and function of the
state as a political institution. Gandhian critique of Total
itarianism, Militarism and Anarchism. The structure and function
of the non-violent state. Gandhis conception of democray,
Rights and duties of citizens. Scope and limits of civil
disobedience stateless society.
(4) Non-violent Nationalism. International relations.
Gandhian critique of the institution of war. World unity through
world federation. Disarmament. Eradication of war through mental
and moral purification of man. International Co-operation. The
doctrine of panchasheel in international politics.
T.Y.B.A. / 301
Books for Reading
For Section I
(1) Selection from Gandhi : N.K.Bose, Navajivan, 1957.
(2) The Political Philosophy of M.Gandhi : G.N.Dhavan,
Navajavan, 1948.
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References
(1) Towards New Horizon : Pyarelal, Navajivan, 1959.
(2) Socialism, Sarvodaya and Democracy : J. Narayan, Asia,
1965.
(3) The Moral and Political Thought of M.Gandhi : Raghavan
Iyer, Oxford, 1973.
(4) The Political Philosophy of Gandhi and Sarvodaya : V.P.
Varma, Agra.
SECTION II
Gandhian Thought and Contemporary Problem :
(1) The structure of human values implicit in Gandhian
Thought. The standpoints of religion and science. Gandhijis
outlook on science and technology. Gandhian view of human
life in relation to nature. The concept of ecological balance and
harmony.
(2) Modern trend of Industrialization. Material,
sociocultural and psychological problems of industrialization :
Pollution, exploration and unemployment, Alienation and
Depersonalization, Gandhian critique of modern industrial
society. Gandhian diagnoses of and prescription for sickness
of modern man and society.
T.Y.B.A. / 302
(3) The problems of poverty, overpopulation and
discrimination in modern life. Philosophical and practical
significance of Gandhian theory and practice of constructive
programme for social reconstruction. Relevance of the Gandhian
concepts of trusteeship, voluntary, self-control and equality of
men.
Books for Readings
For Section II
(1) Gandhi : Hill Relevance for Our Time : G. Ramchandran
and T.K.Mahadevan (ed), G.P.Foundation.
(2) Gandhi : Social Impact and Contemporary Relevance, I/
99, Simla, 69.
(3) Non-violence in Peace and War : M.Gandhi, Navajivan,
1951.
(4) Self and Restraints Vs. Self-Indulgence : M.Gandhi,
Navajivan, 1950.
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Books for Reference
(1) Conquest of Violence : John Bondurant, Oxford, 1959.
(2) Towards understanding Gandhi : D.K.Bedekar, Popular,
1975.
(3) M.Gandhi-100 years : S.Radhakrishnan, G.P. Foundation,
1968.
T.Y.B.A. / 303
(31) Home Economics
Gen. G-5/6 : Dynamics and Challenges of India Society
1. Concept of social change.
2. Characteristics of traditional society and modernization.
3. Process of Change : Communication, Physical Cultural,
Rational, Scientific, Ideological, Educational, Political and
Economic.
4. Concepts of conformity and deviation : Passive and active
deviation, Ambivalence.
5. Factors in family change : Values, Roles and Function.
6. Atitudinal changes in family behaviour : Intermarriage,
dowry, divorce, adoption, marriage and sex.
Changing status of women in Indian Society, Value
conflict in Indian Society.
Note : Topics 1 to 4 to be covered in First Term.
Topics 5 to 8 to be covered in Second Term.
Reading Material
(1) Readings in Family and Society : Goode (Prentice Hall).
(2) Urbanization and Family Change : M.S.Gore (Popular
Prakashan)
(3) Traditional Societies : Edited-A.B.Shah.
(4) Rural Sociology in Indian : A.R.Desai (Popular Parkashan).
(5) Marriage and the Working Women in India : Pramila
Kapur (Vikas, Bombay).
Equivalence of Subject
G 5 + G 6 = General Paper II.
T.Y.B.A. / 304
Special Paper III-Child Development
1. Child Development : Normal growth and development
from conception till birth, principle of development and stage
of development, characteristics of the stage of development
from early childhood to adulthood, Physical development.
Mental development, Language development. Emotional
development, Social and moral development, Learning and
maturation processes, Development of imagination.
2. Family Relation of Childhood : Maladjustment in family
relation, Child-Parent relationship, Child relationship with his
siblings, Husband-Wife relationship and its effect on the child
development. Recent changes in family patterns and their effect
in family relationships.
Note : Topic 1 to be covered in the First Term.
Topic 2 to be covered in the Second Term.
Reading Material
(1) Child Development : Elizabeth Nurlock.
(2) The Psychological Development of the Child-Paul
Mussen.
(3) A Text Book of Child Behaviour and Development :
B. Kuppuswamy (Vikas, Bombay).
(4) Problems of Children : J.C.Marfatia.
Equivalence Subject
S5+S6 = Special Paper III : S7+S8 = Special Paper IV.
T.Y.B.A. / 305
Special Paper IV - Social Education and Extension
(1) Modern concept of Social Education : i.e. Adult
Education and extenstion, Importance of Home Economic
Education in the field of Social Education.
(2) Historical background of social education, Home
economics in India. U.K. and the U.S.A. Social education and
Co-operative movement, UNESCO and the fundamental
education, Psychological foundations of learning. Adult abilities
and motivation, Social and psychological characteristics influ-
encing adult learning, Education for citizenship for social
participation and for sex, marriage and family life.
(3) Extension and Concept of Continuing Education :
Discussing, Role-playing, Lecture-talk, Audio-visual aids. Adult
literacy methods, Review of materials used in teaching, Literature
for new-literature, Library service.
(4) Social Education Programme in India : Community
development and social education, training of social education
workers.
Note : Topics 1,2 to be covered in First term.
Topics 3,4 to be covered in Second term.
Reading Material
(1) Psychological Foundations : L.W.N.Dandekar, Mc Millan
(Section II only).
,) '.= -.+-.--. ~'..+ . ... ~.~e + +.:. '+~.+
. ~+. . '+. .+.+. .
(3) Adult Education in India : Edited by Anil Bordia, J.R.
Kidd and J.A.Draper (Section I, Chapter 3; Section II,
Chapter 6, Section III and Section V-A and B respectively).
(4) Extension and Rural Welfare : O.P.Dahama (Chapters
2,4,5,16,18 to 21).
T.Y.B.A. / 306
References
(5) The Indian Rural Problem : M.B.Nanavati and Anjaria.
Indian society of Agricultural economics, Bombay 1
(Chapter X only).
(6) Developmental Work among Rural Woman : K. N.
Nimabalkar.
(7) Principles of Education : Prof. R.M.Marathe (Chapter 16
only ).
(8) Education, Culture and the Social Order : K.S. Sajidian
(Chapter I only).
For Topics 3,4 Text Books
(1) Community Development : Principles, Practices and
Problems : Dr. R.Lal, Bookland Pvt., Calcutta (Chapter III
and Appendix 1 and 2).
(2) Comparative Education : S.P.Choube (Chapters 9,10,48
only).
(3) Encouraging Community Development : A Training Guide
for Local Worker : Willam W. Bhiddle (Chapters 1,2, and
3 only)
(4) Extension Education in Community Development :
Directorate of Extension, Ministry of Food and
Agriculture, Government of India, New Delhi (Parts, I, II,
II and IV only).
References
(5) Reports of the Committee on Democratic Decentralization,
Co-operation and Rural Development Dept. Govt. of India
(Chapter 5 only).
(6) History of Rural Development in Modern India, Vol. I,
Impex India, New Delhi (Chapter XVI only).
(7) Audio-visual methods in TeachingEdgar, Dhale,
Chapter 3 only.
(8) Learning to bePublication of UNESCO, Paris, 1972,
Sterling, Delhi, 1973 (Relevant Chapters only).
T.Y.B.A. / 307
S-3 PEASANT SOCIETY AND CULTURE
1. Caste : 8 lectures
(a) Caste as an Institution.
(b) Characteristics of caste.
(c) Functioning of caste in village.
2. Dynamics of Caste : 8 lectures
(a) Social Mobility-Sanskritization, Westernization,
Modernization.
(b) Dominant caste.
(c) Impact of Democracy Technical development.
3. Village as a Unit : 8 lectures
(a) Baluterdari Jajmani system
(b) Jamindari and Rayatwari
(c) Land Holding
4. Panchayati Raj : 10 lectures
(a) Community Development Block.
(b) Panchayats Traditional and Modern
5. Religion : 8 lectures
(a) Characteristics of rural religion.
(b) Festivals-role of temple.
6. Continuity between Folk, Rural and Urban
Societies : 10 lectures
(a) Concept of folk-urban continuum.
(b) Concept of peasant society.
(c) Cultural role of cities.
7. Civilization : 10 lectures
8. Socio-cultural changes in Rural India : 10 lectures
T.Y.B.A. / 308
Text Books
,-) '- +.. ~- . +.++.-..
,) =+u- ~.' .:.- . +.-. --..--.
(3) Robert Redfield : Peasant Society and Culture.
(4) Robert Redfield : Human Nature and the Study of Society
(Selected Chapters).
(5) Krober A.L. : Configuration of Cultural Growth.
(6) Guy Rocher : Introduction to Sociology (Selected
chapters).
References
(1) Ghurye : Caste, Class and Occupation in India
(2) Srinivas : Caste in Modern India and other essays
(3) Srinivas : (ed) : Indias Villages
(4) Dube, S. C. : Village India.
S-4 RESEARCH METHODS AND FIELD WORK
1. Scientific Method in Social Sciences : 10 lectures
(a) Nature of scientific enquiry
(b) Why scientific method ?
(c) Principles of Scientific procedure
(d) Concepts, assumptions, generalization laws
(e) Hypothesis and Variables
2. Field Work Tradition in Anthropology : 5 lectures
(a) General Characteristics of Anthropological field
work.
(b) Problems of field work in tribal, rural and urban
areas.
3. Field Work Techniques :
(a) Observation-Participant and non-participant.
(b) Gnenalogy.
T.Y.B.A. / 309
(c) Interviews.
(d) Sociological Census.
(e) Life History and Caste Study.
4. Schedules and questionnaires Topics 1 to 5 for Annual
Examination. 5 lectures
5. Data Processing and Analysis : 5 lectures
Field Work
A student should be sent preferably to a tribal area
individually or in a group accompanied by a teacher. A batch
of students should not consist of more than twelve to fifteen
students. Students could stay in village for about ten to fifteen
days and study different aspects of tribal culture Field work
report of 40 marks should be assessed externally.
Text Books
1. Pauline V.Young, 1968 : Scientific Social Surveys and
Research (Selected chapters).
2. Thomes Ryls Williams, 1967 : Field Methods in the study
of culture.
3. Srinivas M.N., 1979 : Field Worker in the Field.
4. Spindler George (ed.) 1970 : Being An Anthropologist:
A perspective of Anthropological field work in 11
different cultures.
5. Murdork G.P. : Outline of Material Culture.
6. Notes and Querrier in Anthropology.
Optional Courses : Opt. I : Physical Anthropology
1. Physical Anthropology : Nature and Scope
2. Development of Physical Anthropology in the world
context :
(a) Pre 19th century developments
(b) 19th century developments
(c) 20th century developments
T.Y.B.A. / 310
Contributions of Hanno, Hippocrates, Aristotle, Galan,
Andrews Vesalius, Bluemen Bach, Buffon Paul Broca.
(Topics 1 to 5 Annual Examination)
3. Physical Anthropology in India : Nature, Scope and
Prospectus.
4. Anthropometry, origin, historical development, branches,
scope and applications.
5. Latest Trends in Physical Anthropology.
Text Books
1. Kulkarni V.S., 1983 : Bhoutiki Manavashatra (Marathi),
Maha. Literature and Cultural Board, Bombay, India.
2. Hooton E.A., 1946 : Up from the Ape, The Macmillan Co.,
New York.
3. Sarkar, R.M., 1970 : Fundamental of Physical Anthro-
pology, Century Publishers, 53, Patuatola Lane, Culcutta
9, India.
References
1. Brew : 100 years of Antropology
2. Penniman : 100 years of Anthropology
3. Comas Juan, 1952 : Manual of Physical Anthropology,
C. C. Thomas Publishers, Springfield Winios, U.SA.
Opt. II : Human Genetics
1. Components of Heredity : Cell, Chromosome, Gene.
2. Genes in action : Principles of heredity.
T.Y.B.A. / 311
3. Autosomes and sex chromosomes.
4. Sex determination in Man and sex linked inheritance.
5. Chromosome mistakes and diseases.
6. Gene and Society.
Text Books
1. Dalela and Verma, 1975 : A Text Book of Genetics.
2. Mchusick V., 1971 : Human Genetics.
,. +-+.. '+. ... -, . ~.'-+ -.++.--.
References
1. Bonner, D.M., 1963 : Heredity.
2. Darlington, C.D., 1966 : Genetics and Man.
3. Volpe, Peter, 1971 : Heredity and Birth Defects.
4. Winchester, A.M., 1977 : Genetics.
T.Y.B.A. / 312
(32) Anthropology
T.Y.B.A. (From June 1999-2000)
G3 : MAHARASHTRA : A CULTURE REGION
Term I :
I. Maharashtra as a culture region :
(a) Brief history
(b) Geographical regions of Maharashtra
Vidarbha
Marathwada
Western Maharashtra
Konkan
Khandesh
(c) Concept of Maratha Culture and Maharashtra
Dharma.
II. Maharashtra : Social Organization
(a) Castes and Scheduled Castes.
(b) Scheduled Tribes
(c) Nomadic and Denotified Tribes
(d) Migrants from other state
(e) Ethnic plurality
III. Maharashtra : Economic Organization
(a) Geographical and Environmental features
(b) Agriculture in Maharashtra
(c) Co-operative movement
(d) Cash groups : Sugar cane, Tobacco, Grapes
(e) Baluteduri system
(f) Poverty of Agrarian labour and Peasants
(g) Irrigation
(h) Industrialization
T.Y.B.A. / 313
IV. Maharashtra : Cultural Life
(a) Religious Festivals
Diwali
Ganesh festival
Christmas
Holi
(b) Religious fast :
Ekadashi, Chaturthi etc.
Moharrum Jain fasts
(c) Gods and Deities
( i ) Vithal
( ii) Khandoba
(iii) Tulaja Bhavani
(iv) Nanded Gurudwara
( v) Mahalakshmi
(d) Saints and God-men
Dnyaneshwar, Tukaram, Ramdas, Janabai, Saibaba,
Gajanan Maharaj
(e) The Warkari Cult
(f) Marathi language.
Term II (G-3)
V. Maharashtra : Rural Crafts and Arts
(a) Handicrafts and cottage industries : Utensil making
and Paithni (weaving).
(b) Tamasha and Lavanitheir popularity as folk art
(c) KirtanHari Katha
(d) (1) Cave temples (Leni)
(2) Cave paintings (Ajanta)
(3) Forts
T.Y.B.A. / 314
VI. Maharashtra : Social Reforms
(a) History of the reform movement
(b) Social Reformers
( i ) Rajarshi Shahu Maharaj
( ii) Mahatma Jotirao Phule
(iii) Principal G.G.Agharkar
(iv) Dr. B.R.Ambedkar
( v) Maharshi Shinde
(vi) Maharshi Karve
VII. Political Movements in Maharashtra :
( i ) Lokmanya B.G.Tilak and G.K.Gokhale
( ii) V. D. Savarkar and the revolutionary movements
(iii) Participation of S.C., S.T. and peasants in political
awakening during the 20th century
(iv) Movement for Education in Maharashtra.
VIII. Educational Movements
( i ) Womens Education
( ii) Scheduled Tribe and Scheduled Caste Education
(iii) Contribution of Maharshi D.K.Karves Jotiba Phule
(iv) Karmaveer Bhaurao Patil, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh,
Rasosaheb Thorattheir contribution to the spread
of education in Rural Maharashtra.
IX. Protest Movements in Maharashtra :
(1) History of Protest Movement
(2) Godavari Parulekars work among Tribals
(3) Dalit Panthers and Mass Movement
(4) Ek Gaon, Ek Panavatha
T.Y.B.A. / 315
Books
(1) Iravati Karve : Marathi Lokanchi Sanskriti
(2) Javadekar : Adhunik Bharat
(3) P. G. Sahasrabuddhe : Marathi Sanskriti
(4) G. D. Kulkarni : Stree
(5) Dastane ,++. .+.'-) : Maharashtra 1996
(6) Bharat Sarkar : India 1996.
T.Y.B.A. / 316
PAPER V (a) GRAPHS AND LATTICES (MG-3)
SECTION I : FIRST TERM
(Graphs)
1. Revision (4 Lectures)
2. Matrix representation of a graph, incidence matrix,
adjacency matrix, isomorphism using matrix representation.
(6 Lectures)
3. Trees and connectivity : Definition and simple properties,
bridges, spanning trees, connector problem, shortest
spanning tree, Kruskals algorithm, Prins algorithm,
fundamental circuits, cut vertics, cutest, vertex
connectivity, edge connectivity, Mengers theorem and
its applications, binary trees. (20 lectures)
4.. Directed graphs : Types of digraphs, digraphs and binary
relation, Arborescence, Polish notation. (8 Lectures)
5. Colouring : Vertex colouring, chromatic number, chromatic
polynomial, vertex colouring algorithm, critical polynomial,
vertex colouring algorithm, critical graphs, cliques, edge
colouring. (10 Lectures)
Books
1. Graph theory with applications to engineering and
computer scienceNarsing Deo
Art. 3.1, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 3.10, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3,
4.4, 4.5, 7.1, 7.2, 7.9, 8.1, 8.3, 8.4, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4,
9.5, 9.6.
2. A first look at graph theoryClark & Holten, Alied
Publishers Ltd.
Art. 1.7, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.6, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 7.1, 7.2,
8.3.
3. Graph Theory Raghunathan & Bhave.
T.Y.B.A. / 317
SECTION II-SECOND TERM
LATTICES
6. Lattices : Posets, diagranatic representation Hasse
diagram, Maximal and minimal elements of the subset of
a poset, infimum and suprimum of the subset of a poset,
two definitions of a lattice, Equivalence of two defi-
nitions, modular and distributive inequalities in a lattice,
sublattice, semilattice, compelete lattice. (16 Lectures)
7. Deals and Homomorphism : Ideals, union and intersection
of ideals, prime ideals, principal ideal, dual ideal
complements, relatice complements, Jordar. Dedekind
condition, pentagonal lattice atoms, dual homomorphism
image of a complemented lattice, quotient lattice.
(16 Lectures)
8. Modular and Distributive lattices : Modular lattice, normal
subgroups of a group from a modular lattice, sublattice
of a modular lattice, homomorphic image of a lattice,
Dedekings characterization of a modular lattice, modularity
of I (L), (Ideal lattice of L) relatively complemented
lattice. Distributive lattice, definition, necessary and
sufficient condition for a lattice to be distributive,
sublattice of a distributive lattice, homomorphic image of
distributive lattice, Brikhoffs characterization of a dis-
tributive lattice, distributivity of I (L), (Ideal lattice of L),
Boolean lattice.
Text Books
1. Lattices and Boolean AlgebrasV.K.Khanna, Vikas
Publication House Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi. Chapter : 2,3,4.
2. Discrete Mathematics Schaums Senes.
3. Modern Applied Algebra Bratle.
T.Y.B.A. / 318
SPECIAL PAPER 3
PAPER II : MODERN ANALYSIS MS-3
Section - 1 : First Term
1. Sets and Functions : Equivalence, Countability.
(7-Lectures)
2. Metric Spaces and Limits in Metric Spaces. (7-Lectures)
3. Continuous Functions on Metric Spaces : Continutiy on
the real line, Continuous Functions on Metric Spaces,
Open and closed sets, Discontinuous functions on R
1
(14-Lectures)
4. Connectedness, Compactness and Completeness :
Connected sets, Bounded sets, totally bounded sets,
Compact metric spaces, Continuous functions on compact
metric spaces, Continuity of the inverse function, Uniform
continuity, Complete Metric Spaces. (20-lectures)
Section II -Second Term
5. Measurable sets : Length of open sets and closed set,
Inner and outer measure, measurable sets, properties of
measurable sets. (10-Lectures)
6. Measurable Functions (8-Lectures)
7. The Lebesgue Integral : Definition and existence of
Lebesgue Integral for bounded functions, Properties of
Lebesgue Integral for bounded measurable functions.
The Lebesgue Integral for unbounded functions. Some
fundamental theorems. (20-Lectures)
8. Fourier Series : Definition and examples, formulation of
convergence problem. (10-Lectures)
T.Y.B.A. / 319
Text Book
1. Methods of Real AnalysisR. R. Goldberg. Chapter 1
(Art. 1.1 to 1.5), Chapter 4 (Art 4.2, 4.3), Chapter 5,
Chapter 6, Chapter 11 (Art. 11.1 to 11.8, 11.8D without
Proof), Chapter 12 (Art. 12.1 and 12.2).
Reference Books
1. R.G.Bartle:Elements of Real Analysis
2. D.Somasundaram & B.Choudhary:A first course in
Mathematical Analysis (Narosa Publication)
3. W.Rudin:Principles of Mathematical Analysis.
Special Paper 4
PAPER III : REAL ANALYSIS (MS-4)
SECTION-I : FIRST TERM
1. Sequences of Real Numbers : Definition of sequence and
subsequence, Limit of a sequence, Convergent Sequen-
ces, Monotone sequences, Divergent sequences, Limit
superior and Limit inferior, Cauchy sequences.
(12-Lectures)
2. Series of Real Numbers : Convergent and divergent Series,
Series with non-negative terms, Alternating series,
Conditional and absolute convergence, Re-argument of
Series, Tests of absolute convergence, Series whose terms
from a non-increasing sequence. (16-Lectures)
3. Riemann Integral : Sets of measure zero, definition and
existence of Riemann Integral, Properties of Riemann
Integral, Fundamental theorem of Integral Calculus, Mean
Value theorems of Integral Calculus.
(20-Lectures)
T.Y.B.A. / 320
SECTION II : SECOND TERM
4. Improper Integrals : Definition of improper Integral of
first kind, Comparision test, u-test, Absolute and
conditional convergence, Integral test for convergence
of series, Definition of improper integral of 2nd kind,
Comparision test, u-Test, Absolute and conditional
Convergence, Cauchy principle value. (20-Lectures)
5. Sequences and series of function : Pointwise and uniform
convergence of sequence of functions, Consequences of
uniform convergence, Convergence and uniform
convergence of series of functions, Intergration and
differentiation of series of functions (20-Lectures)
6. Techniques of differentiation and integration under
integral sign. (only examples) (8-lectures)
Text Books
1. R. R. Goldberg : Methods of Real Analysis (Oxford IBH
Publ. Co.)
Chapter 2 (Art. 2.1 to 2.10), Chapter 3 (Art. 3.1 to 3.7),
Chapter 7 (Art. 7.1 to 7.4 and 7.8),
Chapter 9 (Art. 9.1 to 9.5)
2. Widder : Advanced Calculus
3. D. Somasundaram & B. Choudhary : A First Course in
Mathematical Analysis (Narosa Publ. House)
4. R. G. Bartle : Elements of Real Analysis
5. Shantinarayan : Course of Mathematical Analysis
References
1. S. C. Gupta, Nisha Rami : Principles of Real Analysis,
Vikas Publications House.
2. S. C. Malik, S.Arora:Mathematical Analysis
3. S. C. Saxena and S.M.Shah : Introduction to Real Variable
Theory.
T.Y.B.A. / 321
(34) Applied Mathematics
DYNAMICS AND DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
(AMG-3)
SECTION 1 : FIRST TERM (DYNAMICS)
1. Basic Concepts : Time, frames, praticle, displacement,
velocity, composition and resolution of velocities, relative
velocity, Angular Velocity, Variable velocity, Uniform
accelerated motion, Bodies falling under gravity and
projected vertically upwards. (10-Lectures)
2. Newtons Laws (Applications to Rectilinear motion) :
Mass, Momentum, Force, Newtons laws of motion, The
equation of motion, Applications to rectilinear motion
including S.H.M. Body moving in contact with another
body, motion on a smooth inclined plane. (8-Lectures)
3. Projectiles : The motion of a projectile and its trajectory,
Velocity at any point, target problems, Range on inclind
plane. (12-lectues)
4. Work Energy Principle and Conservation Laws : Work
Power; Kinetic energy, Work Energy, Principle. Conser-
vative forces, Potential energy, Conservation of total
mechanical energy. (6-lectures)
5. Central Orbits : Radial and transverse components of
velocity and acceleration, Areal velocity, Central orbit,
Motion under inverse square law. Keplers laws of
planetary motion, Netwtons laws of gravitation, Satellite
orbits. (12-Lectures)
T.Y.B.A. / 322
(Differential Equations)
6. Ordinary Differential Equations in three variables :
Surfaces and curves in three dimensions, simultaneous
differential equations or 1st order and 1st degree.
Methods of solving
dx dy dz
= = Orthogonal trajectories of a system of
P Q R
curves of a sauface. Paffian differential equation in three
variates, Pdx+Qdy+Rdz = 0 by (a) Inspection (b) Variables
spearable (c) One variable separable (d) Homogeneous
Equations (e) Natanis methods (f) Reduction to an
ordinary differential equation. Meaning of Integral curves.
(24-Lectures)
7. Partial differential equation of the first order (PDE) :
Origin of the p.d.e., Cauchys Problem. Linear equations
of the first order, Integral surfaces through a given curve,
Surfaces orthogonal to a given system of surfaces, Non-
linear p.d.e. of first order compatible first order equa-
tions, Charpits method, special types of first order
equations, Solutions satisfying given conditions, Jacobis
methd. (24-Lectures)
Text Books
1. A text book of dynamicsJ.N.Kapur and J.D.Gupta
(R.Chand & Co, New Delhi, 3rd Edition, 1982)
Chapter 9 (Art. 9.1 to 9.7),
T.Y.B.A. / 323
2. Text book of dynamics M.Ray
3. Elements of partial differential equations Ian Sneddon
Mcgraw Hill
Chapter I (Art. 1 to 6), Chapter 2 (Art. 1 to 7 and 9 to 13)
4. An Elementary course in partial differntial equation
T. Amarnath (Narosan Publication, 1997).
OR
SPECIAL FUNCTIONS AMG-3
Section I : First Term
1. Infinite Products : Definition, Necessary condition for
covergence, associated series of loagarithms, absolute
Covergence, Uniform convergence. (6-Lectures)
2. The Gamma & Beta Functions : Eulers definition of
gamma functions, their simple properties, the factorial
function, Legendres duplication formula. (10-Lectures)
3. Series solutions of differential equations near an ordinary
point and near regular singular points. (6-Lectures)
4. Hypergeometric Functions : Definition of Hypergeometric
function, Gauss hypergeometric equation and its solution.
The hypergeometric series and its particular cases,
different forms of hypergeometric functions, integral
formula for hypergeometric function, Kummers Gausss
Vandermondes theorem, differentiation of hypergeometric
functions. (14-Lectures)
5. Bessel Functions : Bessles equation and its solution,
Integration of Bessels equation for n=0, Jo (x), recurrence
formulae for Jn (x) generating function for Jn (x)
(12-Lectures)
T.Y.B.A. / 324
6. Orthogonal Polynomials : Simple sets of polynomials,
Orthogonality and equivalent condition, expansion of
polynomials, the three term recurrence relation, the
Chistoffel Darboux formula, Normalization, Bessles
ineqality. (10-Lectures)
7. Legendre Polynomials : Legendres equation and its
solution, definition of Pn(x) and Qn (x), generating
function, Rodrigues formula, Orthogonal property,
recurrence formulae. (12-Lectures)
8. Laguerre Polynomials : Laguerres equation and its
solution, Laguerre polynomials, generating function,
Rodrigues formula, orthogonal property, recurrence
formulae.
Associated Laguerres Polynomials : Definition,
generating function, Rodrigues formula, orthogonal
property, recurrence formulae. (18-Lectures)
9. Hermite polynomials : Definition, generating function,
other forms of Hermite polynomials, orthogonal property,
Recurrence Formulae. (8-Lectures)
Text Books
1. Special Functions E.D.Reainville.
Chapter 1, Chapter 2, [11,12,15,16,17,18,19], Chapter 9.
2. Mathematical Methods - Sharna & Gupta
Chapter 2 [2.1 to 2.3, 2.5, 2.7, 2.8, 2.10, 2.12.]
Chapter 4 [4.1 to 4.13]
Chapter 5 [5.1 to 5.7]
Chapter 6 [6.4, 6.5, 6.7, 6.8]
Chapter 7 [7.1, to 7.5, 7.7, 7.8, 7.11 to 7.16]
T.Y.B.A. / 325
3. Elementary differential equations Reinville & Bedient
Chapter 17 (Art. 103)
Chapter 18 (Art. 104, 105)
Reference Books
1. Mathematical Methods for Physics (3rd Ed.) : George
Arfken.
2. Special Functions D.B.Saron.
OR
PAPER VII (C) :
DIFFERENTIAL GEOMETRY (AMG-3)
Section I : First Term
1. Curves in Space : Tangent line, principle normal and
bionomial at a point on a space curve, oscullating plane,
normal plane and rectifying plane at a point on a curve,
Torsion, Curvature, radius of curvature, Serret-Frenet
formulae. The circle of curvature, properties of the locus
of the centre of the spherical curvature, spherical
indicatrix, involutes and evolutes, The curvature and
torsion of the evolute, Bertrand curves, fundamental
theorem for space curves, congruent curves, intrinsic
equations, contacts of the nth order of a curve and a
surface. (24-Lectures)
2. Developable Surfaces & Envelopes : Surfaces, parametric
representation of surfaces, tangent plane, normal line at
a point, envelopes and characteristics relating to one
parameter family of planes and two parameter family of
planes.
T.Y.B.A. / 326
Developable surfaces : general differential equation
of a developable surface, Developables associated with
space curves. Properties of the associated developables,
characteristic points. (16-Lectures)
3. Ruled Surfaces : Criterion of skew surfaces, tangent
plane to a surface, tangent surface, central point, line of
striction. (8-Lectures)
Section II : Second Term
4. Curves on surfaces : Curvilinears coordinates, 1st and
2nd order fundamental magnitudes, fundamental forms,
direction coefficients, derivative of the unit surface
normal, curvature of normal section, Meusniers theorem,
Theorems on Gaussian curvature. (12-Lectures)
5. Line of curvature : Principle directions, lines of curvature,
principle curvatures, Eules theorem, Jaochimsthals
theorem, Rodrigues theorem, first and second curvature,
minimal surfaces, Dupins theorem, Dupins indicatrix.
(14-Lectures)
6. Curves traced on a surface : Conjugate directions and
parametric curves, conjugate directions and Dupins
indicatrix. Asymptotics lines. (10-Lectures)
7. Geodesics : Geodesic differential equation, External
property, Normal property, Analytic Property, Geodesics
on a surface of revolution, Clairaut therom, geodesics on
developables, geodesics on central conicoids, curvature
and torsion of a geodesic, Bonnets formula.
(12-Lectures)
T.Y.B.A. / 327
Text Books
1. Differential Geometry of three Dimensions C. E.
Weatherbum, Scientific Book Agency Publisher, Patana.
Reference Books
1. An introduction to differential geometry T.J.Wilmore
(Oxford Publ.).
2. Differential geometry J. Struik.
3. Three-dimensional Differential Geometry Bansilal (Atma
Ram & Sons).
4. Differential Geometry Nirmala Prakash (Tata Mc Graw
Hill).
T.Y.B.A. / 328
(35) Industrial Mathematics
COMPUTER PROGRAMMING & APPLICATIONS
(IMG-3)
FIRST TERM
1. Computer Basics : Introduction to computer, Computer
Characteristics, Types of Computer, Block diagram,
Memory Management, Algorithms & Flowcharts.
(10-Lectures)
2. Introduction to Computer Programming and C Language.,
Character set, Indentifiers & keywords, Variable &
Constants, Modulus & Functions, Operators &
expressions. (10-Lectures)
3. Data Input & Output : I/Q Functions (print f & scan gf),
Programming style: Escape Sequence & Control Sequence,
Planning a program, Simple Programs. (5-Lectures)
4. Controls Statements :
(a) Conditional Statement-if-else, Switch, break,
continue, goto.
(b) Looping statements-While, do-while, for, Concept
of nested loop, Simple Programs. (8-Lectures)
5. Functions : Defining a user define function, Passing,
arguments to a function, Function, Prototype, Simple
Programs. (10-Lectures)
6. Numerical Methods :
(a) Matrix & System of Linear equations.
(b) Gauss Ellimination Method.
(c) Eigenvalue problems.
(d) Jacobians Method. (5-Lectures)
T.Y.B.A. / 329
SECOND TERM
7. Interpolation & Polynomial Approximation :
(a) Taylors Series
(b) Lagranges Interpolation
(c) Newtons Polynomial (4-Lectures)
8. Numerical Intergration : Introduction to quadrature,
Trapezoidal, Simpsons 1/3rd & 3/8th Rule. (4-Lectures)
9. Recurssion : Solving algorithms based on Recurssion.
(3-Lectures)
10. Arrays : Defining, Processing an array, passing an arrays.
Simple programs. (7-Lectures)
11. Pointers : Concept, Declaration, Pointer arithmetic. Passing
pointer to a function, Array of Pointers, Simple Programs.
(10-Lectures)
12. Structures : Defining, array of structures, pointers of
Structures, Simple Programs. (8-Lectures)
13. Data Files : Concept, opening & closing data files. Reading
& Writing data files, Simple Programs. (12-Lectures)
PRACTICALS (ANY EIGHT)
FIRST TERM
1. Introduction to Computer
2. DOS Commands
3. Calculating area of triangle & rectangle
4. Calculating volume of a sphere
5. Calculating
n
P
r
&
n
C
r
T.Y.B.A. / 330
6. Calculating simple & Compound interest
7. Solution of quadratic equations
8. Evaluating sin (x) & cos (x) using Taylors series
9. Check for a given number (Prime/odd/even)
10. Calculate a reverse of a number
11. Find largest & smallest number from given series of
numbers
12. Print f the number is the magic for e.g. 153 = 1
3
= 5
3
=3
3
13. Fibonacci series.
SECOND TERM : (ANY EIGHT)
1. Evaluating nCr & nPr by recurssion method
2. Arrange given numbers in ascending & descending order
3. To find scalar triple product of three scalar vectors
4. Matrix addition & subtraction
5. Matrix multiplication
6. Gausss elimination
7. Numerical Integration
8. Interpolation
9. Matrix inverse by Gausss elimination method by using
pointers
10. To find largest & smallest number from a given series of
numbers using pointer
11. Handling data files (Reading & Writing operation).
Reference Books
1. Computer Fundamentals P.K.Sinha
2. Programming with C
B.C. Gattfriend (Schaums Series).
T.Y.B.A. / 331
Note
1. Articles from Computer Fundamentals. Chapter 1 & 2.
2. Articles from Programming with C 2.1, to 2.5, 3.1 to 3.5,
4.4, to 4.7, 5.1 to 5.4, 6.2 to 6.11, 7.1 to 7.7., 9.1 to 9.5, 10.1,
10.5, 11.1 & 11.2, 12.1 to 12.4
Imp. Note :
1. The students who offer Paper VIII (a) Computer
Programming and Applications as Optional Paper, for
them the distribution of 100 marks of Paper IX (Problems
Course) will be as follows :
(A) 50 marks problem course paper based on the Paper
VII offered by the student.
(B) 50 marks practical examination on Paper VIII
(a) Computer Programming and Applications.
2. The 50 marks practical examination in paper VIII (a) will
be conducted with one External Examiner
3. For practical examination students will be asked to run
the two programs. The distributions of marks will be as
follows:
( i ) One Long Programme 20 Marks
( ii) One short programme 15 Marks
(iii) Viva-Voce 10 Marks
(iv) Journal 5 Marks
Total 50 Marks
Note : (3) The students; who ofter this paper at T.Y.B.A.
level, Total marks including theory and Practical carries 150
marks. Out of which theory carries 100 marks and paractical
T.Y.B.A. / 332
carries 50 marks. For passing this paper minimum 40 marks in
theory and 20 marks in practical is essential, the marks obtained
by the candidate out of 150 will be converted to out of 100
marks for final result.
OR
(b) COMPLEX ANALYSIS (IMG-3)
SECTION I : FIRST-TERM
1. Topology of C :
(a) Metric on C, Open and closed sets, Limit Points,
Connected and compact sets. (5-Lectures)
(b) Sequences and series divergence, Cauchy Sequen-
ces, absolute convergence, Comparision test,, ratio
test and root test. (10-Lectures)
2. Analytic Functions :
(a) Revision : Complex Funcation, Limit and continuty
of complex funtions, Algebra of Limits and algebra
of continuous functions (6-Lectures)
(b) Pointwise and uniform convergence of Sequences
of complex functions, differentiable functions,
analytic functions, Necessary and sufficient
Condition for a function to be differentiable,
Necessary and Sufficient condition for a function
to be analytic, properties of analytic functions,
harmonic functions, radius of convergence of power
series, root test, ratio text, Analyticity of power
series, root test, ratio text, Analyticity of power
series within radius of convergence (without proof),
Uniqueness theorem for power series (without proof)
(14-Lectures)
T.Y.B.A. / 333
3. Transformations : Linear transformations, the transforma-
tion W\1/z, Point at infinity, linear fractional or bilinear
transformations, mobius transformations, an implicit form,
mappings of the upper half plane, exponential and
logarithmic transformations, the transformation w=sinz.
(13 -Lectures)
4. Complex Integration :
(a) Revision : Line integral, Its properties and examples.
(6-Lectures)
(b) Winding, number of a curve, Cauchy Fourseat
theorem (without proof), Homtopy version of
Cauchys theorem and its corrollories, Moreras
theorem, Cauchys integral formula, Cauchys
integral formula for derivatives, Examples.
(14-Lectures)
5. Classification of Singularities : Isolated and non-isolated
singularities, Removable singularities, poles, examples.
(6-Lectures)
6. Calculus of Residues : Residues at simple poles and
poles of order greater than 1, Cauchys residue theorem,
Examples. (12-Lectures)
7. Applications of residues : Evaluation of improper integrals,
Improper integrals involving sines and cosines, definite
integrals involving sines and consines. (10-Lectures)
T.Y.B.A. / 334
Text Books
1. Foundations of complex Analysis. S. Ponnusamy,
Narso Publishing House, Chapter 1:1.5 & 1.6, Chapter 2:2
to 2.3, Chapter 3: 3.1 to 3.7, Chapter 4:4.1 to 4.3, Chapter
5:5.1 to 5.4, Chapter 6:6.1 to 6.3.
2. Complex Variables and Application J.W.Brown and
R.V.Churchill (Mc Graw Hill International edition) Chapter
7 with mentioned topics (4th edition).
Reference Books
1. Complex Analysis J.V.Deshapande (Tata McGraw Hill).
2. The Elements of Complex Analysis B. Chaudhary
(Wiley Eastern, 2nd edition).
3. Complex Variables Herb Silverman (Houghon Miffin
Co., Boston, 1975).
OR
(C) : ASTRONOMY )IMG-3)
1. Spherical Trigonometry : Angle of intersection of two
great circles, Secondaries, Relation between arc of a small
circle, and arc of the great circle, Spherical triangles,
polar trainagle, consine rule, Sine Rule. Cotangent Rule.
Sine cosine rule, Supplemental Cosine rule, Sine cosine
rule, sine cosine, tangent of angle and half angle as
functions of sides and vice versa. (16-Lectures)
T.Y.B.A. / 335
2. Napiers Delambers analogies, right angled spherical
Triangles, Napiers rule of circular parts in right angled
spherical triangle. (10-Lectures)
3. Astronomy : Terrestrial Longitude, Latitude Standard and
Local time, Celestial sphere and different systems of
celestrial co-ordinator, Rising and setting conditions of
a star. Motion of the sun. Sideria time, Rate of change
of zenith distance and azimuth. (11-Lectures)
4. Twilight, Dip of horizon, Atmospheric refraction,
refraction in zenith distance. Cassinis hypothesis,
differential equation for refraction, Simpsons and Bradlys
hypothesis. Refraction in any direction, Refraction in
right ascension and declination (11-Lectures)
5. Keplers laws of planetary motion, true anomaly, Eccentric
anomaly, mean anomaly. Keplars equation. Expressions
of anomalies terms of each other. (12-Lectures)
6. Siderial time, mean time, conversion of time, equation of
time, seasons, synodic period, Geoeccentric and holio
centric conjuctions. (12-Lectures)
7. Geocentric motion of a planet. Elongation of a planet,
phases of moon. Brightness of the planet. (12-Lectures)
8. Procession and Nutation : Procession in R.A.declination,
Nutation in R>A. & declination, Independent day
numbers. (12-Lectures)
Text Books
1. Spherical Trigonometry : Todhunter (Revised by Gorakh
Prasad.)
2. Spherical Astronomy : Gorakh Prasad (Publisher
Pothishalas, Allahabad).
Reference Book
(1) Spherical Astronomy - Smart W. H.
T.Y.B.A. / 336
OR
(d) : COMBINATORICS & NUMBER THEORY
(IMG-3)
1. Generating functions ordinary & exponential generating
functions, Applications to identities, Enumerators and
their applications to identities, Enumerators and their
applications, Partitions. (18-Lectures)
2. Recurrence Relations :Solution by generating functions
linear recurrence relations with constant coefficients.
Homogeneous and inhomogeneous equations, multiple
characteristic roots, complex characteristic roots, particular
solutions.
(22-Lectures)
3. Applications of recurrence relations. (8-Lectures)
Text Book
Foundations of Discrete Mathematics(New Age Inter-
national Ltd., Edition : 1996, reprint) K.D. Joshi,
Chapter 7.
SECTION II-SECOND TERM
4. Divisibility : Revision (Fundamental Theorem of arithmetic
g.d.c. of numbers expressed as their linear combination,
Euclidean algorithm). There are infinitely many prime
numbers. Fermat primes, Mersenne Primes, There are
arbitrary large gaps in the sequence of primes. There are
infinitely many primes of the forms 4n+3, 6n+1, 4n+1. The
statement of Dirichlets theorem on primes in an arithmetic
progression. (10-Lectures)
T.Y.B.A. / 337
5. Congruences : Revision complete and reduced residue
system, Eulers theorem and Fermats theorem as its
corollary, Wilsons theorem, Solution of congruences,
chinese remainder theorem. Prime modulus, Primitice roots
and power residues. [See Article Numbers] (20-Lectures)
6. Some functions of number Theory : Greatest inter function
Arithmetic function, The mobius inversion Formula.
(10-Lectures)
7. Some diophantine Equations : The equations ax + by =
c Pythagorean Triangles. (8-Lectures)
Text Books
1. Applied combinatorics Alan Tucker (John Wiley &
Sons).
2. An Introduction to the theory of numbers I.Niven,
H.Zuckerman and H.L.Montgomery (John Wiley & Sons,
5th Edition, 11991).
Chapter 1 [1.1 to 1.39 except theorem 1.19]. Chapter 2 [2.1
to 2.39 except theorem 2.20] 2.7, 2.8 except theorem 2.39,
and 2.40, theorem 2.41 statement only)
Chapter 4 [4.1 to 4.3], Chapter 5 [5.1 and 5.3]
Reference Books
1. Theory and problem of combinatorics including concepts
of Graph theoryBalkrishnan, Schaums series (McGraw
Hill, 1997)
2. Number TheoryDavid Burton.
T.Y.B.A. / 338
(36) Statistics
Appendix to T.Y.B.A. &
F.Y.B.C.S. Statistics
UNIVERSITY OF PUNE
The nature of the question papers from F.Y. to T.Y.B.A.,
B.Sc. and F.Y.B.C.S. Statistics.
(1) There should be in all six questions which are all
Compulsory.
(2) The distribution of marks should be as follows :
Question No. Marks
1. 18
2. 16
3. 16
4. 16
5. 16
6. 18
(3) The First Three questions should be preferabally based
on appoximately the first half of the syllabus and last
questions on the 2nd half of the syllabus.
(4) The 50% internal option should be given in each question
i.e. two out of four etc. be asked. It is also effect from
April 1999 Examination onwards office should get the
approval of higher authorities this should be brought to
the notice of concerned Heads of Depts. & Principal of
the Colleges using a circular.
T.Y.B.A. / 339
STATISTICS
(General and Special)
Note :
1. A student of the three year B.A. degree course offering
Statistics at special level must offer Mathematical
Statistics as a general level subject in all the three years
of the course.
Further, students of three year B.A. degree course are
advised not to offer Statistics at the General level subject
unless they have offered Mathematical Statistics as a
General level subject in all the three years of the course.
2. A student of Three year B.A. Degree course offering
Statistics will not be allowed to offer 'Applied Statistics'
in any of the Three Years of the course.
3. A student offering Statistics at the Special level must
complete all practicals in each of the Practical Paper to
the satisfaction of the teachers concerned. He/She must
produce at the time of practical examination, the laboratory
journal alongwith the completion certificate signed by
the Head of the Department.
4. Of the 100 marks for each practical paper, 10 marks shall
be reserved for viva-voce and 10 marks for Journal. Thus,
a practical paper shall actually carry 80 marks.
5. Duration of practical examination be extended by 10
minutes to compensate for the loss of time for viva-voce
of the candidates.
6. In order to acquaint the students with application of
statistical methods in various fields such as industries,
agricultural sectors, Government institutes, etc., at least
one study tour for T.Y.B.A. (Statistics) must be arranged.
T.Y.B.A. / 340
STATISTICS (General)
Paper I : Operations Research and Design of Experiments.
1. Linear Programming (L.P.) (25)
1.1. Statement of the L.P. problem, formulation of
problems as L.P. problem.
Definition of (i) a slack variable (ii) a surplus variable.
L.P. problem in (i) canconical form (ii) standard
form Definition of (i) a solution (ii) a fesible solution
(iii) a basic fesible solution (iv) degenerate and
non-degenerate solutions. (v) optimal solution (vi)
basic and non-basic variables.
1.2 Solution of L.P.P. by
( i ) Graphical Method : Solution space, unique
and non-unique solutions, obtaining an
optimal solution.
( ii) Simplex Method :
(a) Initial basic fesible solution (IBFC) is
readily available, obtaining the IBFS,
criterion for deciding whether obtained
solution is optimal. u-v method of
improving a solution criteria for
unbounded solution no solution more
than one solutions.
(b) IBFC not readily available. Introduction
of artificial variable. Big-M Method,
Modified objective function,
modifications and applications of
simplex method to L.P.P. with artificial
variables.
1.3 Duality Theory : Writing dual of a primal problem,
solution of L.P.P.by dual problem.
1.4 Examples and problems.
T.Y.B.A. / 341
2. Transportation and Assignment problem : (22)
2.1 Transportation problem (T.P.), statement of T.P.,
balanced and unablanced T.P.
2.2 Methods of obtaining IBFS of T.P.
( i ) North-west corner rule
( ii) Method of matrix minima (least cost method)
(iii) Vogels approximation method(VAM)
2.3 Optimal solution of T.P., uniqueness and non-
uniqueness of optimal solution, degenerate solution.
2.4 Assignment Problem :
Statement of an assignment problem, balanced and
unbalanced assignment problem. Relation with T.P.,
optimal solution of assignment problem.
3. Analysis of Variance (AV) (14)
3.1 Models for observations
(i) One-way x
ij
= m + a
i
+
ij
= 1,2,....b, . i, = 1,2,...n
i
Assumptions and interpretations
(ii) Two-way x
ij
= m + a
i
+ bj + ij, i = 1,2,....t,
j = 1,2,...b.
Assumptions and interpretations
3.2 Concept of resolution of total sum of squares into
components for one-way and two-way models.
Basic Identity for analysis of variance.
3.3 Analysis of One-way Model :
Estimation parameters, expected values of mean
sums of squares, components of variance.
Hypothesis for one-way model H
o
: a
1
= a
2
= a
3
......=
a
t
= 0 and its interrelation, Justification of use of
F test for Ho.
T.Y.B.A. / 342
3.4 Analysis of two-way Model
Estimation parameters, expected values of mean
sums of squares, components of variance.
Hypothesis for one-way model Ho
1
a
1
= a
2
= a
3
....
= a
t
= O and H
01
: b
1
= b
2
..... b
b
= O. Justification
of use of F test for H
01
and H
02
(Independence of Chi-squares is to be assumed).
Preparation of AV table and F test for H
01
, H
02
.
4. Design of Experiments : (16)
4.1 Basic terms of design of experiments :
Experimental unit, treatments, layout if an
experiment.
4.2 Basic principles of Design of Experiments :
Replication, randomization, and local control.
4.3 Choice of size and shape of a plot for uniformity
trials the empirical formula for the variance per unit
area of plots.
4.4 Completely Rendomized Design (CRD) :
Applications of principles of designs of experiment
in CRD, layout, preparation of AV table, testing for
equality of treatment effects, linear treatment
contrast, testing significance of linear contrast,
testing significance of linear contrast test for
equality of two specified treatment effects.
4.5 Randomized Block Design (RBD) : Applications of
principles of designs of experiment in RBD, layout,
preparation of AV table, testing for equality of
treatment cts and eqality of block effects, linear
contracts, testing significance of linear contrast,
testing for equality of two specified treatment
effects, comparision of treatment effects using
critical difference (C.D.)
T.Y.B.A. / 343
4.6 Latin Square Design (L.S.D.) : Applications of
principles of designs of experiment in LSD, layout,
model
x
ij (k)
= m + a
i
+ b
j
+ g
k
+
ij(k)
; i = 1,2.......m
j = 1,2........m
k = 1,2,......m
Assumptions and interpretations, Estimation of
parameters, expected values of mean sum of
squares, components of variance.
Hypotheses for the model
H
01
: a
1
= a
2
=................= a
m
= 0
H
02
: b
1
= b
2
=................= b
m
= 0
H
03
: g
1
= g
2
=............................. = g
m
and its
Interpretation. Justification of F-test for H
01
, H
02
and H
03
.
(Independence of chi-square is to be assumed).
preparation of AV table and F test for H
01
, H
02
and
H
03
, testing for equality of two specified treatment
effects comparision of treatment effects using C.D.,
linear treatment contrast and testing significance
of liner treatment contrast.
4.7 Identification of real life situations where the above
designs are used.
4.8 Simple algebraic and numerical problems.
5. Efficiency of a Design : (5)
5.1 Concept and definition of efficiency of a design.
5.2 Comparison of efficiencies between CRD and RBD.
5.3 Comparison of efficiencies between CRD and RBD,
RBD and LSD.
5.4 Simple numerical problems.
T.Y.B.A. / 344
6. Analysis of covariance (with one concomitant variable)
(10) 6.1 Situation where analysis of covariance is
applicable.
6.2 Model for covariance in CRD, RBD. Estimation of
perimeters (derivations are not expected).
6.3 Preparation of analysis of variance-covariance table,
test for B=0, test for equality of treatment effects
(computational technique only).
Note : For given date irrespective of the test of regression
efficient (b) ANCOVA should be carried out.
7. Factorial Experiments : (14)
7.1 General description of factorial experiments,
2
2
and 2
3
factorial experiments arranged in RBD.
7.2 Definitions of main effects and interaction effects
in 2
2
and 2
3
factorial experiments.
7.3 Preparation of AV table by Yates procedure, tests
for main effects and interaction effects.
7.4 General idea of confounding in factorial experiments.
7.5 Total confounding (confounding only one
interaction): AV table, testing main effects and
interaction effects.
7.6 Partial confounding (confounding only one
interaction per replicate) : AV table, testing main
effects and interaction effects.
7.7 Construction of layouts in total confounding and
partial confounding for 2
2
and 2
3
factorial
experiments.
T.Y.B.A. / 345
Books Recommended
1. Gass S.I. Linear Programming
Methods and Applications
McGraw Hill
International Book Co.
2. Reinfield and Vogel Mathematical
Programming
3. Maggu P.L. Operations Research and
Linear Programming
4. Sasieni, Yaspan and Operations Research and
Friedman Methods of Programming
John Wiley and Sons, USA
5. Taha Operations Research
The Macmillan Publishing
Com. Inc. New York
6. Sancheti and Kapoor Operations Research
7. Wagner Principles of Operations
Research with applications
of managerial decisions
8. Fedrer W.T. Experimental design
The Macillan Co., USA.
9. Conhran W.G. and Emperimental design,
Cox G.M. ASIA Publishing House.
10. Kenpthrne O. Design and analysis of
experments. John, Wiley
and sons, Inc. Proprietors,
USA
11. Goon, Gupta, Fundamental of Statistics
Dasgupta Vol II. The World Press
Ltd., Calcutta
12. Dauglass C Design and analysis of
Montgomery experiments
13. Das M.N. and Giri Design and analysis of
N.C. experiments.
T.Y.B.A. / 346
STATISTICS (SPECIAL)
PAPER-I : DISTRIBUTION THEORY
1. Multinomial Distribution (10)
1.1 Joint p.m.f.
x
1
x
2
n
1
p
1
p
2
...... p
k
k
P(X
1
= x
1
, X
2
= x2,...,X
k
= x
x
.) =
x
1
! x
2
! ......., x
k
!
x
i
= 0, 1, 2, ...., n; i = 1, 2, , k
x
1
+ x
2
+... + x
k
= n
p
1
+ p
2
+... + p
k
= l
o < p
i
< 1, i = 1,2,...,k
0 =, elsewhere
Notation (x
1
, x
2
, x
k
) ~ MD (n; P
1
, P
2
,..., P
k
).
1.2 Joint MGF of X
1
, X
2
, ... X
k
.
1.3 Use of 1.2 to obtain means, variances, covariances,
total correlation coefficients, multiple and partial
correlation coefficients for k=3, univariate marginal
distributions.
1.4 Variance covariance matrix. Rank of variance -
covariance matrix and its interpretation.
1.5 Real life situations.
2. Uniform (Rectangular) Distribution (10)
1
2.1 p.d.f.f (x) = , < a < x < b <
b-a
= 0 elsewhere.
Notation: X ~ U (a, b).
T.Y.B.A. / 347
2.2 Distribution function, mean, variance, MGF, r-th
raw moment.
2.3 Standard form : X~U(0,1).
2.4 Uniform (0,1) as the distribution of F(X) where X
is a continuous types r.v. with distribution function
F(.), application to model sampling. Use of uniform
(0,1) to generate integer valued random numbers.
2.5 Distributions of X+Y+,X-Y,XY,X/Y, for X & Y
independent U(0,1) variates.
2.6 Real life situations.
3. Beta Distribution of First and Second Kind (10)
3.1 p.d.f. of beta distribution of the first kind
x
m-1
(I-X)
n-1
f(x) = , o < x < 1,m,n > 0.
B (m,n)
= 0, , elsewhere.
Notation : X ~ b
1
(m,n,).
p.d.f. of beta distribution of the second kind
x
m-1
f(x) = , o < x < , m,n > 0.
B(m.n) (1-x)
m=n
= 0, ,elsewhere.
Notation: X ~ b
2
(m,n,).
Relation between the two kinds of beta variates.
3.2 Nature of probability curves of b
1
and b
2
distributions.
T.Y.B.A. / 348
3.3 Mean, Variance, Mode, for both kinds beta
distributions.
3.4 Distributions of X/Y and X/((X+Y) where X and Y
are independent gamma variates.
3.5 Relation between distribution functions of a
binomial variate and a beta variate of the first kind.
4. Order Statistics (10)
4.1 Order Statistics for a random sample (r.s.) of size n
from a continuous distribution, definition, deri-
vatrion of distribution function and density function
of the ith order statistics X(i), particular cases for
i=1 and i=n Distribution of X(i) for uniforms and
exponential distributions.
4.2 Derivation of joint p.d.f. of [X(i),X(i)], distribution
function of the sample range X(n)-X(1)
4.3 Distribution of the sample median.
5. Chebychevs Inequality (4)
5.1 Chebychevs Theorem : If g(X) is a non-negative
function of a r.v. X and if E [g(X)] < and if k is a
positive rela number, then P[g(X)] k] E[g(X)]/k.
5.2 Chebychevs inequality for discrete and continuous
distributions in the forms
s2
P[I X-m k] and
k
2
P[X-m ks] 1/k
2
where m = E(X) and m
2
s
2
= Var (X) < .
T.Y.B.A. / 349
6. Central Limit Theorem (3)
6.1 Statement and proof of the central limit theorem for
i.i.d. r.v.s based on MGF
7. Cauchy distribution (8)
7.1 p.d.f.
1 1
f (X) = , - < x < .
l p 1 + ( x - m )
2

l
- < m < .
- l > 0.
= 0 elsewhere.
Notation : X ~ C ( m, l ).
7.2 Nature of the probability curve.
7.3 Distribution function, quartiles, non-existence of
moments.
7.4 Additive property for two independent Cauchy
variates (Statement only), Statement of distribution
of the sample mean.
7.5 Relationship with uniform and Studentst distri-
butions.
8. Laplace Distribution (Double Exponentioal) (10)
8.1 p.d.f.
l
f (X) = , exp [-lx-m] - < x < .
2
- < m < .
- l > 0.
= 0 elsewhere.
Notation : X ~ L ( m, l ).
T.Y.B.A. / 350
8.2 Nature of probability curve.
8.3 Distribution function, quartiles.
8.4 MGF, CGF, moments and cumulants, b
1
, b
2
, g
1
, g
2
.
8.5 Laplace distribution as the distribution of the
difference of two i.i.d. exponential variates with
mean q.
9. Lognormal Distribution (8)
9.1 p.d.f.
1 1
f(X) = exp [log (x-a)-m]
2
, a < x <
(x-a) s2p 2 s
2
a < m <
s > 0.
= 0 elsewhere.
Notation : X~LN ( a, m, s
2
).
9.2 Nature of probability curve.
9.3 Moments (r-th moment about X=a), first four
moments b
1
and g
1
coefficients, quartilies.
9.4 Relation with N(m, s
2
) distribution.
10. Truncated Distribution (8)
10.1 Truncated distribution as conditional distribution,
truncation to the right, left and on both sides.
10.2 Binomial distribution B (n, p) left truncated at X=0
(value zero not observable), its p.m.f., mean,
variance.
T.Y.B.A. / 351
10.3 Poisson distribution P(m), left truncated at X=0
(value zero not observable), its p.m.f., mean,
variance.
10.4 Normal distribution N (m, s
2
) truncated
( i ) to the left at X=a
( ii) to the right at X=b
(iii) to the left at X=a and to the right at
X=b, its p.d.f. and mean.
11. Bivariate Normal Distribution (11)
11.1 p.d.f. of a Bivariate normal distribution
1 1 x-m
1
y-m
2
f(X) = exp - +
2p s
1
s
2
1-r
2
2(1-r
2
)

s
1
s
2
x-m
1
y-m
2
- 2 x x d , - < x, y < .
a
1
a
1
- < m
1
, m
2
< .
s
1
, s
2
< 0.
- 1 < r < 1 .
= 0 elsewhere.
Notation : (X,Y) ~ BN(m
1
, m
2
,
2
s
1
,
2
s
2
d).
Marginal and conditional distribution, identification
of parameters, regression of Y on X and X on Y,
independence and uncorrelatedness, MGF and
moments.
11.2 Cauchy distribution as the distribution of Z=X/Y
where
Notation : (X,Y) ~ BN (O,O, s
2
1
, s
2
2,
d).
T.Y.B.A. / 352
12. Finite Markov Ghains (20)
12.1 Definition of the state space of a sequence of
discrete r.v.s. Definition of a finite markov chain.
Simple examples. Definition of one step transition
probability. Definition of stationary transition.
Definition of a stochastic matrix P. Definition of a
transition probability matrix P. Definition of initial
distribution of n step transition probabilities.
Chapman- Kolmogorov equations. Simple problems-
Proof of the theorem : the step transistion
probability matrixp (n) is the n th power of P.
12.2 Concept of a finite random walk, gamblers ruin
problem. Transition probability of the ultimate ruin
of the gambler and its adversary. Expected duration
of the game.
Books Recommended
1. H. Cramer : Mathematical Methods of Statistics,
Asia Publishing House, Mumbai.
2. Mood A.M., : Introduction to Theory of Statistics,
Graybill F. (III Edn.) MC-Graw Hill Series.
and
Bose D.C.
3. B.W. Lindgren : Statistical Theory (Third Edition),
Collier Macmillan International
Edition.Macmillan Publishing Co.
Inc., New York
4. Hogg R.V. : Introduction to Mathematical
and Carig A.T Statistics (III Edn)., Macmillan
Publishing Co. Inc., 86, 3rd
Avenue, New York, 10022.
T.Y.B.A. / 353
5. Sanjay Arora : New Mathematical Statistics
& Bansi Lal (I Edn.), Satya Prakashan, 16/
17698, New Market, New Delhi, 5
(1989).
6. S.C. Gupta and : Fundamentals of Mathematical
V. K. Kapoor Statisics, Sultan Chand and Sons,
BB, Daryaganj, New Delhi-2.
7. V.K.Rohotagi : An Introduction to Probability
Theory and Mathematical
Statistics, Wiley Eastern Ltd.,
New Delhi.
8. J. Medhi : Stochastic Process,Wiley Eastern
Ltd., New Delhi.
9. Hoel, Port, Stone : Introduction to Stochastic
Process, Houghton Mifflin.
1o. Feller W. : An Introduction to Probability
Theory and its applications, Vol.I,
Wiley Eastern Ltd.,Mumbai.
STATISTICS (Special)
Paper II : Practicals
Sr. No. Title of the Experiment
1. Fitting of log-normal distribution.
2. Fitting of truncated binomial and truncated Poisson
distribution.
3. Applications of Markov chain, random walk, Gamblers
ruin problem.
4. Construction of confidence interval for proportions,
difference of proportions.
5. Construction of confidence interval for mean, difference
of means.
T.Y.B.A. / 354
6. Testing of hypothesis I
7. Testing of hypothesis II
8. Non-parametic tests I (sign, Wilcoxons signed rank,
Mann Whiteny run tests)
9. Non-parametic tests II ( Median, Kolmogorov-Smirnov
tests)
10. SPRT (Bernoulli, Poisson and Normal)
11. Graphical Method for LPP, simplex method for LPP.
12. Simplex Method (Duality)
13. Transportation Problem.
14. Assignment Problem.
15. Analysis of CRD.
16. Analysis of RBD, efficiency.
17. Analysis of LSD, efficiency.
18. Analysis of Coveriance in CRD and RBD.
19. Analysis of 2
3
factorial experiments arranged in RBD.
20. Analysis of total and Partial confounding in 2
3
factorial
experiments in RBD.
T.Y.B.A. / 355
(37) Mathematical Statistics (Genral)
PAPER - I : STATISTICAL INFERENCE
Note 1. : Mathematical Statistics can be offered only as a
General level subject,
2. A student of Three Year B.A. Degree course
offering Mathematical Statistics will not be allowed
to offer Applied Statistics in any of the Three
Years of the course.
1. Point Estimation (24)
1.1 Notion of a parameter, parameter space, general
problem of estimation : estimating an unknown
parameter by point and interval estimation.
1.2 Point Estimation : Definition of an estimator,
distinction between estimator and estimate,
illustrative examples.
1.3 Definition of an unbiased estimator, biased estimator
positive and negative bias, illustrations and examples
(these should include unbiased and biased estimators
for the same parameters). Proofs of the following
results regarding unbiased estimators :
(a) Two distinct unbiased estimators of ( (q)
give rise to infinitely many unbiased estimators
of (q).
(b) If T is an unbiased estimator of 0, then (T) is
an unbiased estimator of (q ) provided
(-) is a liner function.
Discussion of the following results :
(a) If T is an unbiased estimator of q, then (T)
need not be an biased estimator of (q).
Use of this result for the functions q
r
, e
-q
.
(b) Sample Standard deviation is a biased estimator
of population standard deviation.
T.Y.B.A. / 356
1.4 Relative efficiency : Relative efficiency of T
1
w. r.
T
2
. Var (T
2
) / Var (T
1
), where T
1
and T
2
are unbiased
estimators. Use of mean square error to modify the
uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimator
(UMVUE), uniqueness of UMVUE whenever it exists.
1.5 Concept and definition of sufficiency, statement of
Neymans factorization theorem. (Proof for discrete
case only). Proofs of the following properties of
sufficient statistics :
( i ) It T is sufficient for q, then (T) is also
sufficient for q provided is one to one and
on to function.
(ii) It T is sufficient for q, then T is also sufficient
for (q).
1.6 Definition of a likelihood as a function of the
parameter q for a random sample from (i) discrete
(ii) continuous distribution, definition of information
function. Amount of information regarding parameter
contained in a statistic T = T (x
1
, x
2
,, x
n
) and in a
sufficient statistic T.
2. Cramer-Rao Inequality (8)
2.1 Statement and proof Cramer-Rao inequality.
Definition of minimum variance bound unbiased
estimator (MVBUE) of (q).
Proofs of the following results :
1. If MVBUE exists for q, then MVBUE
exists for (q) if is a linear function.
2. If T is MVBUE for (q), then T is sufficient
for q.
T.Y.B.A. / 357
3. Methods of Estimation (16)
3.1 Method of maximum likelihood; Derivation of
maximum likelihood estimators (m.l.e.) for two
unknown parameters only for norml distribution).
Use of iterative procedure to derive m.l.e. of
location parameter (m) of Cauchy distribution.
Invariance property of m.l.e., relation between m.l.e.
and sufficient statistic.
3.2 (a) m.l.e. of 0 in uniform distribution over
i. (O, q), ii. (q, q).
(b) m.l.e. of q in f(x,q) = Exp {- (x-q) }, x > q.
3.3 Method of moments : Derivation of moment
estimators for standard distributions. Illustration of
situations where m.l.e. and moment estimators are
distinct and their comparison using mean square
error.
4. Asymtotic Behaviour of an Estimator (6)
4.1 Consistency : Definiton, Proof of the following
theorem:A biased estimatoris consistent if its bias
and variance both tend to zero as the sample size
tends to infinity. Statement of asymptotic properties
of m.l.e.
5. Interval Estimation (12)
5.1 Notion of interval estimation, definiton of
confidence interval, confidence bounds. Definition
of pivotal quantity and its use in obtaining
confidence intervals and bounds.
T.Y.B.A. / 358
5.2 Interval estimation for the following cases :
(i) Mean (m) of normal distribution (s
2
known
and s
2
unknown)
(ii) Variance(s
2
) of normal distibution (m known
and m unknown).
(iii) Difference of two means m
1
- m
2
(a) for a sample
from bivariate normal population (b) for
samples from two independent normal
populations.
(iv) Mean of exponential distribution.
(v) Population proportion and difference of two
population proportions in case of two
independent large samples.
(vi) Population quartiles using order statistics.
6. Parametric Tests (18)
6.1 (a) Statistical hypothesis, Problem of testing of
hypothesis. Definition and illustrations of
(1) simple hypothesis (2) composite hypo-
thesis (3) test of hypothesis (4) critical region
(5) type I and type II error. Problem of
controlling the probabilities of erors of
two kinds.
(b) Definition and most powerful level test of
simple null hypothesis against simple
alternative hypothesis. Examples of constru-
ction of most powerful level test.
6.2 Definition of most powerful level test of simple null
hypothesis against simple alternative. Statement of
Neyman-Pearson (N-P) lemma for constructing the
most powerful level a test of simple null hypothesis
against simple alternative hypothesis. Examples of
construction of most powerful level test.
T.Y.B.A. / 359
6.3 Power function of a test, power curve, definition of
uniformly most powerful (UMP) level a test use of
N-P lemma for constructing UMP level a test for
one sided alternative.
7. Non-Parametric Tests (18)
7.1 Idea of non-parametric problems. Distinction
between a parametric and a non-parametric problem.
Concept of distribution free statistic. One tailed
and two tailed test procedure of (i) Sign test
(ii) Wilcoxons signed rank test (iii) Mann-Whitney
test (iv) Median test (v) Run test, one sample and
two sample problems.
7.2 Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for completely specified
univariate distribution (only one Sample problem).
8. Sequential Tests (8)
8.1 Sequential test procedure for simple null hypothesis
against simple alternative hypothesis and its
comparison with fixed samples size Neyman Pearson
test procedure. Definition of Walds SPRT of
strength (a, b) Illustration for standard distributions
like Bernoulli, Poisson, Normal and Exponential.
Graphical and tabular procedures for carrying out
the test.
Books Recommended
1. Lindgren B. W. : Statistical Theory (Third
eddition), Collier Macmillan
International Edition, Macmillan
Publishing Co. Inc., New York.
T.Y.B.A. / 360
2. Mood A. M., : Introduction to the theory of
Graybill F., Bose D. C. Statistics (Third edition),
International Student Edition,
McGraw Hill Kogakusha Ltd.
3. Hogg P.V. : Introduction to Mathematical
and Craig A.J. Statistics, IVth Edition, Collier
Macmillan International
Edition, Macmillan Publishing
Co. Inc., New York.
4. Siegel S. : Non-Parametric Methods for
the Behivioural Sciences,
Inter-national Student Edition,
McGraw Hill Kogakusha Ltd.
5. Hoel, Port, Stone : Introduction to Statistical
Theory, Houghton Miffling
Company (International)
Dolphin Edition)
6. J.D. Gibbons : Non-Parametric Statistical
Inference McGraw Hill Book
Company, New York.
7. Daniel : Applied Non-Parametric
Statistics, Houghton Mifflin
Company, Boston.
8. V.K.Rohotagi : Statistical Inference,
Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi.
9. Kendall & Stuart : The advanced Theory of
Statistics, Vol.1 Charles Griffin
& Company Ltd., London.
10. Dudeweitz and : Modern Mathematical
Statistics, Mishra John Wiley
and Sons Inc., New York.
T.Y.B.A. / 361
11. Kale B.K. : A first course in Parametric
Inference, Narosa Publishing
House (1998).
Applied Statistics
Note : (1) Applied Statistics can be offered only as a
General level subject.
(2) A student of the Three-Year B.A. Degree Course
offering Applied Statistics will not be allowed
to offer "Mathematical Statistics" and / or
"Statistics" in any of the three years of the
Course.
T.Y.B.A. / 362
(38) Applied Statistics
PAPER I : APPLICATIONS OF STATISTICS
1. Continuous-Type Distributions : (15)
1.1 Definition of continuous type of r.v. thorugh p.d.f.
Statement of properties of distribution function of
continuous type r.v.s.
1.2 Normal distribution :
1 (xm)
2
f (X) = exp < x < .
2 p s 2 s
2

< m < .
s > 0.
Identification of the parameters m and s
2
, standard
normal distribution, properties of normal distri-
bution, the graph of p.d.f., nature of probability
curve.
1.3 Computation of probabilities using normal
probability table.
2. Tests of Significance : (20)
2.1 Notion of a statistics as a function T (X
1
,,X
n
)
and its illustrations.
2.2 Sampling distribution of T (X
1
,,X
n
) Notion of
standard error of a statistics.
2.3 Notion of hypothesis, Critical region, level of
significance.
2.4 Large Sample tests for
( i ) H
o
: m = m
o
, H
1
: m m
o
, m > m
o
, m < m
o
( ii) H
o
: m
1
= m
2
, H
1
: m
1
m
2
, m
1
> m
2
, m
1
< m
2
.
} }
T.Y.B.A. / 363
(iii) H
o
: P = P
o
, H
1
: P P
o
P > P
o
P < P
o
(iv) H
o
: P
1
=P
2
, H
1
:P
1
P
2
,P
1
>P
2
,P
1
< P
2
.
3. Demography : (15)
3.1 Measures of mortality : Crude Death Rate (CDR);
Standard Death Rate (STDR) based on age specific
death rate direct and indirect methods. Compara-
tive study of these measures, numerical problems.
3.2 Measures of Fertility : Crude Birth Rate (CBR);
General Fertility Rate (GFR); Age-Specific Fertility
Rate (ASFR); Total Fertility Rate (TFR); comparative
study of these measures. Numerical problems.
3.3 Reproduction Rate : Gross Reproduction Rate (GRR)
and Net Reproduction Rate (NRR). Comparison and
Interpretation. Numeric problems.
4. Life Tables : (5)
4.1 Constructiuon and use of a complete life table.
4.2 Numerical Problems.
5. Small Sample Tests : (20)
5.1 t-test for
( i ) H
o
: m = m
o
, H
1
: m m
o
, m > m
o
, m < m
o
( ii) H
o
: m
1
= m
2
, H
1
: m
1
m
2
, m
1
> m
2
, m
1
< m
2
.
(iii) Paired observations.
(iv) H
o
: d = d
o
, H
1
d d
0
.
T.Y.B.A. / 364
5.2 Tests for H
o
: s
2
= s
2
0
, H
1
: s
2
s
2
0
s
2
>s
o
2
s
2
<s
o
2
5.3 Tests for H
0
: s
2
2
,

H
1
:

s
1
2
s
2
2
s
1
2
> s
2
2
s
1
2
< s
2
2
5.4 Chi-square test of goodness of fit.
5.5 Chi-square test for independence of attributes :
Chi-square test for independence of 22
contingencies table (without proof).
Yates correction not expected.
6. Analysis of Variance Techniques :
6.1 Concept of analysis of variance.
6.2 One-way classification : break up of total sum of
squares, analysis of variance table, test of
hypotheses :
( i ) equality of several means.
( ii) equality of two means.
Numerical problems.
7. Statistical Quality Control :
7.1 Meaning and purpose of statistical quality control.
7.2 Control chart : chance, causes and assignable
causes of quality variations, statistical basis of
control chart (connection with test of hypothesis
is NOT expected). Control limites (3-sigma limits
only). Criteria for judging lack of control.
T.Y.B.A. / 365
( i ) one or more points outside the control limits,
and
(ii) non-random variations within the control
limits : such as run of seven or more points
on either side of the control line, presence of
trend or cycle.
7.3 Control chart for variables :
Purpose of R-chart and X-chart. Construction of R-
chart X-chart when standards are not given. Ploting
the sample mean and ranges on X and R charts
respectively. Necessity for plotting R-chart.
Revision of R-chart (when and why) ? Drawing
conclusion about state of process. Revision of X-
chart, control limits for futher production.
7.4 Control chart for fraction defective (P-chart) only
for fixed size. Determination of central line, control
limits on p-chart. Plotting of sample fraction
defectives on p-chart. Revision of p-chart,
determination of state of control of the process
and interpretation of high and low spots on p-
chart. Estimation of central line and control limits
for further production.
7.5 Control chart for number of defects per unit
(C-chart).
Construction of c-chart when standards are not
given. Plotting of number of defects per unit on c-
chart determination of state of control of the process
revision of control limits for future production.
7.6 Numerical problems based on control charts.
7.7 Identification of real life situations where these
charts can be used.
Note : (1) Proofs or derivations of results are not
expected.
(2) Stress should be given on numerical problems.
T.Y.B.A. / 366
Books Recommended
( 1 ) Larson H. J. : Introduction to Probability Theory and
Statistical Applications - A Wiley International Edition.
( 2 ) Meyer P. L. : Introductory Probability Theory and
Statistical Applications. - Addison - Wesley Publishing
Company.
( 3 ) Hoel, P. G. : Introduction of Mathematical Statistics, John
Wiley and Sons Company, New York.
( 4 ) Walpole : Introduction to Statistics, Macmillan Publishing
Co., New York.
( 5 ) Lipschutz : Probability and Statistics.
( 6 ) Goon, Gupta and Dasgupta : Fundamentals of Statistics,
Vol. I., The World Press Pvt. Ltd., Calculatta.
( 7 ) J. Newmark : Introduction to Statistics.
( 8 ) Miller and Freund : Modern Elementary Statistics.
( 9 ) Gupta S. P. : Statistics Methods, Sultan Chand and Sons,
Delhi.
(10) Gupta and Kapoor : Fundamentls of Applied Statistics,
Sultan Chand and Sons, Delhi.
(11) F. Yates : Sampling Methods for Census and Surveys,
Charles Griffin and Company Ltd.
(12) Elbol Grant : Statistical Quality Control.
(13) A. J. Duncan : Quality Control and Industrial Statistics,
D. B. Taraporevala Sons and Co. Pvt. Ltd., Bombay.
T.Y.B.A. / 367
(39) Mathematical Pre-Requisites
SECTION I
The Fundamentals of Matrix or Linear Algebra. The
Role of Matrix Algebra. Definitions and Terms. Addition and
Subtraction of Matrices. Scalar Multiplication. Vectro
Multiplication. Multiplication of Matrices. Commutative,
Associative and Distributive Laws in Matrix Algebra. Identity
and Null Matrices. Matrix Expression of a Set of Linear
Equations. Row Operations. Augmented Matrix. Gaussian
Method of Solving Linear Equations.
Matrix Inversion
Determination and Nonsingularity. Higher-Order
Determinations. Minors and Cofactors. Laplace Expansion.
Properties of a Determination. Cofactor and Adjoint Matrices.
Inverse Matrices. Solving Matrix Equations with the Inverse.
Cramers Rule for Matrix Solutions. The Gaussian Method of
Inverting a Matrix.
Special Determinants and Matrices and their use in Economics
The Jacobian. The Hessian. Third-Order Hessians. The
Bordered Hessian for Constrained Optimization. Derivation of
a Marshallian Demand Function. Input-Output Analysis.
Characteristic Roots and Vectors (Eigen values and Eigen
vectors).
Transformation Matrix.
SECTION II
Linear Programming : A Graphic Approach
Graphic solutions. The Extreme Point Theorem. Slack and
Surplus Variables. The Basis Theorem.
T.Y.B.A. / 368
Linear Programming : The Simplex Algorithm
Simplex Algorithm : Maximization. Marginal Value or
Shadow Pricing, Simplex Algorithm : Minimization.
Linear Programming : The Dual
The Dual. Rules of Transformation to obtain the Dual.
The Dual Theorems. Advantages of the Dual. Shadow Prices
in the Dual. Shadow Prices and the Lagrangian Multiplier.
Text Book
Mathematics for Economics Edwerd T. Dowling
(Schaums Outline Sries, Mc Graw Hill Book Company).
T.Y.B.A. / 369
(40) Statistical Pre-requisites
(General) (G-3)
The Courses in Mathematical and Statistical Pre-
requisties may be offered only by candidates offering one of
the Social Sciences as their Special subject at the B.A. Degree
Examination.
The Courses in Mathematical and Statistical Pre-
requisties cannot be offered by those who offer any of the
Courses in the Mathematics/Statistics Groups for their B.A.
Examination.
Correlation and Regression with Application to
Production Function Analysis
( 1 ) Correlation and Regression.
( 2 ) Normal Correlation.
( 3 ) Further Theory of Correlation.
( 4 ) Partial Correlation.
( 5 ) Correlation and Regression : Some Practical
Problems.
( 6 ) Miscellaneous Theorems involving the correlation
co-efficient.
( 7 ) Simple Curve Fitting.
( 8 ) Forms of Production Functions.
( 9 ) Data Analysis for Production Function Estimation.
(10) Economic Specification of the Production
Function.
(11) Miscellaneous Empirical Problems relating to the
Estimation of Production Functions.
T.Y.B.A. / 370
Reference
G. Udney Yale and M. G. Kendell : Introduction to the
Theory of Statistics, Chs. 9 to15.
Earl O. Heady and John L. Dillion : Agricultural Production
Functions, Chs. 3, 4, 6 and 7.
Also See, M. G. Kendell and Allan Stuert : Advenced
Theory of Statistics, Vol. I, Chapter V.
Sampling Methods for Census and Surveys
( 1 ) Place of Sampling in Census and Survey Work.
( 2 ) Requirements of a Good Samples.
( 3 ) Structure of Various Types of Samples.
( 4 ) Practical Problems arising in the Planning of a Survey.
( 5 ) Problems arising in the Execution and Analysis of
Survey.
( 6 ) Estimation of the Population Values.
( 7 ) Estimation of the Sampling Error.
( 8 ) Efficiency of a Survey Design.
Reference
Yates, Sampling Methods for Censuses and Surveys,
Chaps. 1 to 8.
T.Y.B.A. / 371
(41) Commerce
G-3 : Business Organization
(1) Nature and Scope :
Business-Definition-Divisions-Objectives-Requisites for
Success in Business-Essential Qualities for a sucessful
businessmen-Social responsibilities of business.
(2) Management and Administration :
Organization - Management and Administration, concepts
and meaning-Elements of Organization-Importance and Scope
of organization.
(3) Organization :
Approaches to Organization-Principles of Organization-
Processes of Organization. Meaning and Importance.
(4) Internal Organization :
Types of Internal Organization : Line staff, line and Staff-
Committee System- Organizational relationships, formal,
informal, Functional staff and Inter-relationships-Design of an
ideal organizational structure-Manual and charts.
(5) Public Enterprizes :
Meaning-Forms of Organization - Merits and demerits.
(6) Factory Organization :
Factors responsible for location of a plant-plant layout-
Types of layout. Organization and control of purchases and
stores-Materials handling.
(7) Organization of Production :
Manufacturing Processes-routing and scheduling of
production-Despatching and follow up-Labour Productivity.
T.Y.B.A. / 372
(8) Organization of Finance :
Capital-Types of Capital-Methods of raising finance-
Owned and Borrowed Capital-Ploughing back of profit sources
of long and short term finance.
(9) Organization of Personnel :
Employment of Labour-Recruitment Selection and
Placement-Training-labour Absenteeism and turn over - methods
of wage payments-Profit sharing, Co-partnership and Bonus.
(10) Industrial Relations :
Concepts of Industrial Relationship-causes of Industrial
disputes and their settlement-Trade unions and Employers
Association-Labour Management Co-operation-Workers'
participation in Management-Labour Welfare Schemes.
Recommended Books
(1) Kinball D. S. and Kinball D. S. Jr. - Principles of
Industrial Organization, Vakils Feffer and Simons,
Bombay, McGraw-Hill, New York.
(2) Batty J.- Industrial Administration and Management, E.
L. B. S., London.
(3) Spriegal, W. R. and Lansburgh - Industrial Management,
John Wiley, New York, Charles E. Tuttle, Tokyo.
(4) Bhushan Y. K. - Fundamentals of Business Organization
and Management, Sultan and Chand, Delhi.
(5) Sinha J. C. and Mugali V. N.- Principles and Practice of
Business Organization, R. Chand, Delhi.
(6) Deshpande A. S. - Factory Management and Business
Organization,Vora and Co., Bombay.
T.Y.B.A. / 373
,-, i=|+ui ,ni=i--a, ,i--,
i+zi|+ i=
|zi
-. .+ ~.' -.=. .+.'+ ..+ . .+.. .+.'+ ~+.=.
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. =. - . . +... -+.-.. - + +. .'-+ + ~.' . +'++.+ - =.
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,. .+ ~.' -.+'-+ -+.- . ~.. +.e.- -.+'-+ -+.-.=.
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ue.= .+.. ue.-.- --~- +.-.=. --.. +--. .-...
-.+. ~..~- +. +.-. .+++-.. -++.=. -+.+.'+ ~..
~.' '+'+.-. ue.+. -.+.-. +.. +..- .+'+.=. +.:..
.. .+ ~.' .-+. -+. . ..-+.=. ---.. -.= ++.=
+ --- -..= .++. '=-. + '.-. .. -.+.. +'-- .+.=.
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|+ +:+. .-.+.- +.-.+.+-. .. +-. .++=. ~.' .
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T.Y.B.A. / 374
. .+ ~.' -.-.'+ ---. . ~.'++ .++.=. +-.. ~.'++
.++.+ '.- +. '+'+ +:+ '=-.. ..-.+-.. -.+.. ...
++ ~.' -.+ .-+ +.-. -+.+.'+ ---. ~.' -.=
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.+. -+. - .-+. + -. -+. .-+ -. -+. .- + . --- .-+.
'a+ +. -.=.-+. . -.+-+. -. +--. ~. - .=. ~.-. .+. . +.
~.-+.=. , '-'+: +-.=. ~.-.
Books Recommended
1. Kuvalayananda and Vinekar : Yogic Therapy, New
Delhi : Central Bureau of Health Services.
2. Kend hH : Day by Day Yoga, London: Hamlyn.
3. Proceedings of the Seminar on Yoga Science and Man,
New Dehli : Central Council for Research in Indian
Medicine and Homoeopathy.
4. Sinha : A. K., Perspectives in Yoga, Varanasi :
Bharat Manisha.
5. Goswami, S.S. : Hathayoga.
6. Yogendra (Ed.) : Yoga Essays, Bombay.
T.Y.B.A. / 375
(43) Social Work
I. Introduction to Youth Welfare.
Definition of Youth and Welfare, an attempt to define
youth-Age as criteria-problems in defining Youth-roles,
functions and responsibilities-childhood-adolescence-
Preadulthood-Adulthood.
II. Classification of Youth and their Problems :
Urban, Rural, Tribal-Educated and Illuterated-Employed-
Unemployed-married Youth and Single-problems of backward
class youths-economics, social and the handicapped youth.
III. Needs of Youth :
Dev. of good health and Dev. of good character-group
life-adult participation- search for larger objectives-sex
education-Job opportunities and vocational training.
IV. Service for the Youth :
Govt. Voluntary-Establishment of Youth Club-Mahila
Mandal-roles and functions.
V. Training for leadership :
Training for Youth leadership-methods-techniques.
Books Recommended
1. G. R. Madan : Indian Social Problems, Volume II,
Chapter VI, Pages 131-151.
2. B. G. Desai : The Emerging Youth.
3. L. S. Mehra : Youth in Modern Society.
4. J. W. Airan : The Nature of Leadership.
T.Y.B.A. / 376
Introduction to Rural and Urban Welfare
1. Similarity and differences in rural and urban way of
living.
2. Problems and needs of rural communities.
3. Agencies for rural welfare.
4. Problems and needs of urban communities.
5. Agencies for urban welfare.
Books Recommended
1. +.-. --..-- +-+. +.-+.-. +.':+:- .+.+. .
2. Rural Sociology - Dr.A.R.Desai.
3. Probems of Rapid Urbanization in India - Dr. Jal F.
Balsara.
SOCIAL WORK
Survey Methodology and Data Collection Methods
1. Utility of Social Research.
2. Hypothesis-Their nature and role in social research.
3. Data Collection-The sources of data collection,
Primary and Secondary Sources.
4. Observation, Interview Schedule, Questionnaire.
Books Recommended
1. Scientific Social Surveys and ResearchFauline
V. Young, Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New
Delhi 110001 (1977).
T.Y.B.A. / 377
2. Research Methods Behavioural Sciences Leon
Festinger, Daniel Katz, Ameerind Publishing Co. Pvt.
Ltd., Bombay.
3. Methodology and techniques of social research
Wilkinson and Bhandarkar, Himalaya Publishing House,
Bombay 400054.
4. Research Methods in Social Research Good and Hatt,
McGraw-Hill, Kogakusha Ltd., New Delhi.
5. -.-.'+ -.+ .-. ... . -. ~.-.+. -..:
'+... +'+'--. --e. +.+.
Family Planning and Family Welfare :
1. Institution of family.
2. Problems faced by Indian family.
3. Concept of family welfare.
4. Family planning.
5. Methods of family planning.
6. Difficulties in implementing family.
Planning programmes and suggestions for making the
programme effective.
Books
1. Marriage and Family in India.
2. Indias Population Problems S. N. Agurwala, Tata
McGraw Hill Publishing Co. Ltd., New Delhi (1975)
3. Population Growth and Economic Development in Low
Income Countries : A case study of Indias prospects
Coale A. J. and Moover E.M., Princeforn Uni. Press
(1972) (Pages 3 to 55).
T.Y.B.A. / 378
Introduction to Social Work Methods
History and historical background of social work in India.
Concept of Social Work. Principles of Social Work.
Social Work Methods :
1. Case Work : Principles of Social Case Work, History
and study of the case, Social Treatment, Interviewing Client,
Diagnosis of the case, Recording in Social Work, Purpose and
importance of Recording, Principles of Case Work Records.
2. Social Group Work : History, Development, Definition,
Functions of the Group-Work, Purpose of Group-Work, Basic
Philosophy underlying Group-Work, Principles of Group-Work.
Evaluation of a Group-Work and Development, Role of Group
Worker.
3. Community Organization : Definition of Community
Organization, Steps in Community Organization, Principles of
Community organization. Fields of work in the process of
Community Organization.
4. Social Action : Methods and Techniques of Social
Action.
Books
1. Methods and Fields of Social Work in India
Dr. K. K. Jacob.
2. Concepts and Methods of Social Work Walter
A. Friedlander.
3. Concepts of Social Work Methods DPaul Choudhary.
4. Social Work Stroup.
5. Social Case Work Helen Harries Perlman.
T.Y.B.A. / 379
Management of Social Welfare Institutions
1. Concept - Definition of Social Welfare Institution.
2. Functions of Administration and Managing Committee,
President/Chairman, Secretary and Treasurer.
3. Areas of Administration :
( i ) Planning and Policy making.
( ii) Organization of Agency.
(iii) Constitution and functions of the Executive Board.
(iv) Staff appointment.
( v) Budgeting.
(vi) Fund raising.
(vii) Staff supervision.
(viii) Evaluation.
Book
Social Welfare Administration D. Paul Choudhari.
T.Y.B.A. / 380
(44) Public Administration (G-3)
Comparative Public Services and Administration
Paper I
Section I
1. Civil Service : Meaning, Functions, Modern Trends
: Numerical strength, Technicians and Specialists,
increasing powers, civil service neutrality.
2. Recruitment : Importance, problem, selection methods,
Reservation of seats.
3. Promotion : Principles.
4. Position classification.
5. Education and training.
6. Employer-Employee relations : Right of association, Right
to strike, Machinery for negotiation.
7. Integrity in administartion : Definition, problem,
corruption.
Books
1. Avasthi and Maheshwari : Public Administration (Agra,
Laxmi Narain Agrawal, 1984).
2. Tyagi A.R. : The Civil Services in Developing Society
(Delhi, Sterling Publishers (P) Ltd., 1969).
3. Pai-Panandikar V.A. : Persornal Administration (New
Delhi).
Section II
1. Evolution of Comparative Public Admnistration.
2. Various approaches to the study of Comparative
Administration.
3. Patterns and Types of Administration in Developed
Countries, Patterns and Types of Administration in
Developing Countries, Riggs Theory of Prismatic Society.
T.Y.B.A. / 381
Recommended Books
1. Arora Ramesh K. : Comparative Public Administration
Ecological and Perspective (New Delhi, Associated
Publishing House, 1979).
2. Heady, F. : Public Adminitration : A Comparative
Perspective, Englewood Cliffs, Prentice Hall.
(Special) Paper-3
Financial Administration
Section I
1. Financial Administration : Meaning and Scope,
Problems, Principles.
2. Budget : Meaning, instrument of financial admini-
stration, characteristics, objectives of a budget, principles of
government budgeting, revenue budget and capital budget,
general considerations in the preparation, procedures of
government budgeting.
The budget with legislature.
Consideration and passing of the Finance Bill.
3. The execution of the budget : Execution of the budget
on the expenditure side and the revenue side, Delegation of
financial powers, Role of the financial advisers.
4. The system of Government accounts : General
consideration, combination of accounts and audit functions.
Books
1. G. S. Lall : Public Finance and Financial Administration
in India, New Delhi, HPT Kapoor, 1976.
2. S. S. Mookerjee : Indian Public Finance and Financial
Administration, Delhi, Surjeet Publication, 1979.
T.Y.B.A. / 382
Section II
1. Audit : Nature, Meaning and Scope of Audit.
Comptroller accounts, Finance accounts, Audit of Public Sector.
Auditor General of India, Audit of appropriation undertakings.
2. Parliamentary Financial Committee : Public Accounts
Committee, Estimates Committee, Committee of Public
Undertakings.
3. Centre-State Financial relations : Characteristics on
Fiscal federalism, Flow of funds from Union to the states,
Division of resources between Union and the States, Role of
finance commissions, classification of expenditure by States,
Harmonization of functions between finance commission and
planning commission, Loans by the Centre to the States.
Books
1. G. S. Lall : Public Finance and Financial Administration
in India (New Delhi, HPT Kapoor, 1976).
2. S. S. Mookerjee : Indian Public Finance and Financial
Administration (Delhi, Surjeet Publications, 1975).
Special - Paper 4
Managing Administration - (Policy Making)
Section I
1. Concept of Public Policy.
2. Approaches to the study of Public Policy, Institu-
tionalism. Elite theory, group theory, Input, output medels,
systems theory, incrementalism, game theory and public choice
theory.
T.Y.B.A. / 383
3. Stages of the policy process, problem formation, policy
formation - policy implementation, policy evaluation.
4. Organs of policy-making.
Recommended Books
1. James E. Anderson - Public Policy Making (New York)
(Praeger, 1975).
2. Christopher Politt et al. (ed.)-Public Policy in Theory and
Practice (U.K.Hodder and Stoughton, 1979).
Section II (Techniques)
1. Management by objectives.
2. O. and M. : Work Measurement, Work simplication, job
study, performance appraisal.
3. Electronic Data Processing : Computer Application.
4. Management Information Systems : World processing
Reprography.
5. Performance budgeting.
Recommended Books
1. Ball R. : Management Techniques and Quantitative
Methods.
2. Eyre C.E. : Office Administration (Heinemann, London,
1983).
3. Mathur B. C., Deish K. and Chandra Sekharan C. (eds.):
Management Administration, Publication Division,
Government of India, New Delhi, 1979.
4. Batty J. : Developments in Office Management
(Heinemann, London, 1972).
5. Walley B. H. : Handbook of Office Management,
(Business books, London, Reprinted 1985, 2nd edn.,
1982).
6. Pai Panandikar V. A. : Development Administration in
India (Macmillan, Delhi, 1979).
T.Y.B.A. / 384
(45) Home Science
General Paper
Introduction to Food and Nutrition :
(1) Basics of Nutrition.
(2) Importance of food in our diet.
(3) Functions of food.
(4) Food groups.
(5) Balanced diet.
(6) Balanced diet for man, women, children and
adolescent. Importance of proteins, fats, carbohy-
drates, vitamins and minerals in our diet.
Food Preservation : Principals of food storage.
1. Short period preservation.
2. Long period preservation.
3. Salting.
4. Deep freeze.
Meal Planning :
1. Menu planning.
2. Nutritional requirement.
3. Body protectness.
4. Budget.
5. Low Calorie Diet.
Introduction to Textile/Clothing :
(a) Introduction to textile and clothing :
( i ) Clasification of fibres.
( ii) Manufacture, properties and care of the following
fibres-vegetable fibres, animal fibres, thermoplastic
fibres, non-thermoplastic fibres.
T.Y.B.A. / 385
(b) Basic stitching :
(i) Sewing equipments and supplies.
(ii ) Body measurements.
(iii) Seams and Seam finishes.
(iv) Facings and their uses.
(v) Darts, tucks, pleats and gathers.
(vi) Plackets.
(vii) Fasteners.
(viii) Different types of collars.
(c) Basic Embroidery :
( i ) To learn the various stitches such as running
stitch, back stitch, stem stitch, straight stitch,
couching, long and short stitch, stain stitch, lazy
dazy, chain stitch buttonhole stitch, herring
bone stitch, french knot, fly stitch, feather stitch.
(d) Basic clothing :
( i ) Clothing plan - general needs and purpose for
which the fabric is used.
( ii) Selection of clothing for men, women and childern.
(iii) Household textiles.
(e) Body and girls clothing :
( i ) The material chosen according to the pattern,
column.
( ii) Construction of fabric.
(iii) Suitability to the occasion.
(f) Socio-psycho aspect of clothing :
( i ) Clothing practices and effect of clothing on the
individual.
( ii) Effect of clothing on a behaviour of person.
(iii) Clothing influenced by religion and culture.
(iv) Fashion and Fads.
T.Y.B.A. / 386
Reference Books for Foods and Nutrition
1. Modern CoookeryThangam E. Philip
2. Sumabi R. Murdamlor, M. V. RajgopalFundamentals
of Food and Nutrition
3. Human Nutrition - Benjamin T. Bustar.
4. Food FundamentalsMcWilliam Margarate
5. Learning better NutritionRitchie Jean
6. Nutrition in IndiaPatwardhan
7. Text Book of Home SicienceDevadas Rajmmal
8. Food and NutritionDr. Dudum Gupta
9. Essentials of Food and NutritionSwaminathan
Books recommended for Clothing and Textiles
1. Fundamentals of Textiles and Their Care Susheela
Dantyge
2. Household Textiles and Laundry Work Durga
Deulkar.
3. Textiles Fibres and Their Use Katharine Paddack
Hess.
4. Basic Process and Clothing Construction Sherie
Doongaji, Roshni Deshpande.
5. Best of Needle Work and Craft McCall.
6. Text Book of I.C.S.E. Home Science Hingorani.
7. Advances in Textile Processing Lynn, J. Edward.
8. Textiles Properties and Behaviour Edward Millar.
9. Introduction to Fibres and Fabrics E. Korneich.
10. Textiles Fibres and Fabrics Bernard P. Corbman.
11. Embroidery Harding Marry Co.
12. Needlework in Colour McCalls.
T.Y.B.A. / 387
Special Paper III
Biology and Microbiology
(a) Biochemistry of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, Vitamins,
minerals, and Salts.
Microbiology-Moulds yeast, bacteria, fermentation, food
poisioning and food preservation.
(b) Properties of basic nutrition : Properties and functional
values of carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats, Vitamins,
Minerals and salts.
(c) Principles of preparation of valuefood, reasons for
cooking food, preliminary treatment of foods, seasoning
food preparation, teachnique, methods of cooking,
combination of food.
(d) Nutritional biochemistry of proteins, carbohydrates, fats
minerals and vitamins.
(e) Family meal arrangement, balanced diet, normal caloric
requirement and caloric value of different foods.
( f) Agewise nutrition - Diet for infant growing child,
adolesence, pregnant and lactating mothers.
(g) Diet theory for Labours and certain common diseases.
(h) Fancy cookery - Indian sentimental, Chineses, Biscuits
and Cakes.
( i) Community health - Economic, population, agricultural
conditions in India. Community meals, planning in school,
hospital.
T.Y.B.A. / 388
Special Paper IV
Textile and Clothing
I st Term :
(a) Elementary Chemistry :
( i ) Classification of fibres.
( ii) Chemistry of vegetable, animal and synthetic
fibres.
(iii) Chemistry of soaps and detergents.
(iv) Water.
(b) Principles of wardrobe building :
( i ) Selection of clothing fabric according to different
age group.
( ii) Selection of fabrics according to needs.
(iii) Different factors affecting the selection i.e. price.
serviceability and suitability.
(c) Clothing construction :
( i ) Basic bodies block of a child.
( ii) Basic bodies block of an adult.
(iii) Construction of childrens garment i.e. Jangia,
Jabhala, Romper, A-line, frock, boys shirt and
knicker.
(d) Traditional embroidery :
( i ) Our heritage.
( ii) Traditional embroidery of different States of India,
their origin, different stitches used and materials
on which it is embroidered.
(e) Fancy embroidery :
( i ) Monogramming open work.
( ii) Cut work.
(iii) Smoking technique.
(iv) Applique embroidery.
( v) Sewing machine embroidery.
(iv) Beading.
T.Y.B.A. / 389
IInd Term :
(a) Clothing Construction :
( i ) Construction of clothing for following garments :
Sari blouse, petticoat, kameez, salwar, housecoat.
( ii) Figure problems.
(iii) Renovation of old clothes.
(b) Textile design :
( i ) Printing of textiles with various methods such as
Roller printing, discharge printing, resist printing,
screen printing, pigment printing.
( ii) TIE and dye; Batik, printing.
(c) Fashion Craft :
( i ) Adaptation of fabric blocks in different designs.
( ii) Relocation of basic dart.
(iii) Yokes, Collars and sleeves of different types.
(iv) Fullness in garments.
( v) How to make paper patterns.
(d) Laundry :
( i ) Detergents.
( ii) Laundry equipment.
(iii) Use of cleaning meterials and other reagents.
(iv) Stain removal.
( v) Methods of laundering and their principles.
(vi) Washing of cellulose, wool and silk fibres.
(vii) Dry cleaning.
(e) Traditional textiles of India :
( i ) Fine and woven in patterns.
( ii) Dacca Muslims.
(iii) Baluchar Butledar.
(iv) Chanderi saris.
T.Y.B.A. / 390
(f) Embroidered :
( i ) Shawls.
( ii) Phulkaries.
(iii) Kantha Chamba Roomals.
(iv) Chickenkari Work.
( v) Kamdani of Masulipatam.
Patola, Bandini, Brocades- Kamkhwab, Himru.
Books referred for Foods and Nutrition
( 1 ) Food MicrobiologyFrazier W.C. and D.C. Wasthoff-
( 2 ) Food FundamentalsMcWilliams Margaret -
( 3 ) Fundamentals of food and NutritionMudambe, Sumati
R. and Rajagopal
( 4 ) Food SciencePotter N.N.
Books recommended for Clothing and Textiles
( 1 ) Fundamentals of Textiles and Their care Susheela
Dantygi.
( 2 ) Household Textiles and Laundry Work Durga
Deulkar.
( 3 ) Textiles Fibres and Their Use by Katharine Paddock
Hess.
( 4 ) Basic Process and Clothing construction Sheire
Doongaji, Roshni Deshpande.
( 5 ) Best of Needle Work and Craft Mc Call.
( 6 ) Text Book of I.C.S.E. Home Science Hingorani.
( 7 ) Advances in Textile Processing Lynn, J. Edward.
( 8 ) Textile Properties and Behaviour Edward Miller.
( 9 ) Introduction to Fibres and Fabrics E. Kornreich.
(10) Textiles Fibres and Fabrics Bernord P. Corbman.
(11) Embroidery Harding Marry Co.
(12) Needle Work in Colour Mc Calls.
T.Y.B.A. / 391
(46) Adult Education
General Paper III
History of Adult Education in India Special Paper -III.
Linkage of Adult.
Education with extension Programmes Special Paper -
IV. Project work in Adult Education.
General Paper III
Historical Review of Adult Education in India
1. Objectives :
1. To acquaint the students with various stages through
which Adult Education has gone since last century and
present century in India.
2. To acquaint the students with various efforts done for
Adult Education during Pre-Independence period.
3. To provide the students a broader canvass of Adult
Education together with the clarity of historical
perspective of Adult Education in India.
4. To equip the students to visualize and accept new
forms of Adult Education in consonance with the need
of the time.
Content
Pre-Independence Period (First Term)
Education Commissions Reports - Literacy percentages
in 19th and 20th century, say, upto 1951.
Hunter Committee, Mudaliar Committee, Radhakrishnan
Committee etc.
Different efforts for educating adult illiterates-Night
schools, Jamia Millia, M.Gandhi, R.Tagore, Osmania University.
T.Y.B.A. / 392
Provincial Autonomy (1937), Individual efforts by
Godawari Gokhale, Appa Pendse etc.
Appointment of Adult Education Committees : Bombay,
Gujarat, Calcutta.
Post-Independence Period (Second Term)
Literacy percentages from 1951 to 1981. Concept of Social
Education replacing Adult Education by addition of some
general education content to literacy.
Scheme of Community Development Centres (1952),
Functional Literacy and Farmers Functional Literacy Programme.
Gram Shikshan Mohim of Maharashtra.
Television project of Adult Education conducted by
Bombay City Social Education Committee.
Non-Formal Education with special reference to age group
15-25.
NAEF with all its details : 1978 to 1980-82.
Adult Education Programme under point No.16 of the
new 20 point programme of the Govt. of India - 1983 onwards.
Mass Movement for Functional Literacy - 1986.
Challenge of Education - A policy perspective and new
Education Policy of 1986 with reference to Adult Education
Policy of 1986 with reference to Adult Education Programme of
Action (in connection with New Edn. Policy).
T.Y.B.A. / 393
References
1. UNESCO Report - Mrs.B.Bhatnagar and Prem Chand.
2. The Report of the Education Commission - Kothari
Commission, 1964-66.
3. Farmers Functional Literacy Progarmme Ministry of
Edn. and Social Welfare, New Delhi.
4. Gram Shikshan Mohim-An Evaluation Maharashtra
Government.
5. 50 years of Adult Education D.A.E.,New Delhi.
6. Non-Formal Education Ministry of Edn. & Social
Welfare, New Delhi.
7. NAEPAn Outline Ministry.
8. Handbook for Functionaries D.A.E.
9. India (Government of ....) Report on Gram Shikshan Mohim
of Maharashtra Government of India, 1964.
10. Evalucation Reports T. I. S. S., Gujarat, Sardar
Vallabha Patel Institute, Patana, T.N.
11. Report of the Review Committees, 1982.
12. University System & Edn. as Third Dimension, U.G.C.
13. Challenge of Education, Govt. of India, 1986.
14. National Education Policy, 1986.
Special Paper III
Linkage of A.E. with Extension Programmes
Objectives :
1. To understand the philosophy of building linkages.
2. To understand the techniques of building linkages.
3. To identify the types of linkages required for
effective implementation of A.E.
First three topics for Term-End Examination.
T.Y.B.A. / 394
Course Content :
Extension as the third dimension to the philosophy of
establishing linkages, need for linkage (Horizontal and Vertical
linkages).
1. Horizontal Linkages : Academic departments,
Developmental agencies, Govt. and Non-Govt.
sector and other supportive sectors.
2. Vertical linkages - Namely Govt., U.G.C., Universities,
Colleges,Villages/Communities.
3. Linkages with communication systems-(mass media,
folk media and other supportive media)
4. Linkages for creating resources (man-power, material,
capital and supportive programmes). Linkages with
Funding Agencies, Govt. Non-Govt. and Foreign.
5. Linkages with curricular and its advantages.
6. Linkages with External evaluating agencies in the field of
Adult Education.
References
(1) Kundu C. L.: Adult Education Principles, Practice
and Prospectus - Academic Paper Books, New Delhi,
1984.
(2) Davies, T. Charles : Open Learning Systems for
Mature Students Council for Educational Technology,
London, 1977.
(3) Directorate of Adult Education : Adult Education and
National Development, Directorate of Adult Education,
New Delhi, 1974.
(4) Directorate of Adult Education : Adult Education
Component in the Development Schemes of
Government of India, 1978.
T.Y.B.A. / 395
(5) Directorate of Adult Education : Fifty years of Adult
Education in India : Some experiences - Government of
India, 1978.
(6) Directorate of Adult Education : Monitoring and
Evaluation and Research - Directorate of Adult
Education, Ministry of Education and Social Welfare,
New Delhi, 1978.
(7) Directorate of Adult Education : Monitoring the NAEP,
Directorate of Adult Education, Ministry of Education
and Social Welfare, New Delhi, 1979.
(8) Maddison, John : Education of Adults A World
Perspective on Radio and Television in Literacy
(Reports and Papers on Mass Communications-62),
UNESCO, Paris, 1974.
Special Paper IV
Project work in Adult Education
Objectives :
1. To enable the students to plan and execute a minimum
of field work in Adult Education.
2. Project report will be submitted in triplicate to the
University at the end of February in the concerned
Academic Year.
3. Evaluation of report will be out of 70 marks and 30
marks will be for Viva-voce based on Project Report.
Course Content :
During the course of the year the student should plan
and complete any one of the following activities and prepare
a report of the same. The report should ordinary be around 30
typed pages in 10,000 words.
T.Y.B.A. / 396
( i ) Organization of an adult education centre : Survey,
identify the learners, identify instructor, frame
curriculum, identify teaching-learning material,
form centre-committees and commence the work
of the centre and work at the centre for at least 50
hours.
( ii) Preparation and use of teaching-learning
material: Identify the needs of the learners,
prepare a primer for teaching literacy, prepare
maps-charts and other audiovisual aids
appropriate to the needs of the centre and use this
material in the centre for not less than 50 hours.
(iii) Preparation and use of evaluation materials and
identify the curriculum that was followed at a
Centre; prepare graded material to evaluate
literacy and numeracy (based on the learning
material used in the Centre), prepare tool to
evaluate functionality and awareness in roduced
at the centre; use the evaluation tools and make a
report of the progress of learners.
(iv) Evaluation of a group of centres (at least five
collect information as to how the Centres were
established; curriculum framed, instructors trained
and the centre supervised and monitored. Prepare
a schedule for the evaluation of a centre as also for
the evaluation work of an instructor. Make a
consolidated report of evaluation of all the five or
more centres.
( v) Organization of a training programme of
instructors (at least ten instructors ) : Identify ten
instructors, identify their centres and needs of the
centres, prepare a plan for the pre-service training
of instructors (at least 20 hours), identify materials
useful for traning conduct pre-service training;
Evaluate the outcome of training.
T.Y.B.A. / 397
(vi) Programme for one of the target groups of adult
education (women, SC and ST) : Select one of the
groups; identify 10 learners; organize a centre for
them, identify their needs of literacy and areas of
functionality and awareness; identify and
instructor, form a centre committee and
commence the work of the centre and attend it for
at least 50 hours.
(vii) Preparation of material for the training of
instructors : Preparing curriculum of the training of
instructors taking into consideration the local need;
preparing the time-table of training; preparing maps,
charts and audio-visual material (at least four
gadgets) and use of these materials in training;
assessing the effectivity of this material.
(viii) Train at least 5 illiterates and make report of their
achievements.
References
(1) Training : Adult Education Functionaries, Govt. of India,
1978.
(2) Training Manual for Adult Education Functionaries,
U.G.C., 1985.
(3) Training of Instructors in Adult Education, State Institute
for Adult Education, M.S.,1982.
,) +.+:. .. +. . .:. .. ' +.+-.-.- uu ~.'
- --.+. . .. ' -.+ + . '--. ~.+ . . -.
(5) Directorate of Adult Education : Monitoring and
Evaluation and Research - Directorate of Adult
Education, Ministry of Education and Social Welfare,
New Delhi, 1978.
T.Y.B.A. / 398
(47) N.S.S.
(National service Scheme)
Note :I to V topics for First Term. V to VII topics for
Second Term. Project work will be conducted through out the
year.
Rural Community and Development
I. Rural Community :
(a) Introduction to Rural Life - Physical structure of
village community, rural stratification, rural
economy, rural leadership, rural religions.
(b) Problems of rural areas-low agricultural productivity,
tenancy problems, bonded labour, rural migration
to town and cities, poverty, lack of subsidiary
occupation, illiteracy, superstitions, health etc.
II. Method and techniques of working with people.
III. (a) Individual (b) Group (c) Communities.
IV. (a) Functional Structure of Panchayat Raj (Three tier
system)
( i ) Gram Panchayat.
( ii) Panchayat Samiti.
(iii) Zilla Parishad.
(b) Introduction to the major scheme of development
Government and semi-government agencies.
( i ) D,P,A,P.,IRDP, Benor, Minor Irrigation,
Social Forestry, E.G.S. etc.
( ii) Town Planning slum improvement.
(iii) Youth Welfare.
T.Y.B.A. / 399
Planning and Development
V. Programme Planning :
Importance, Principles and Methods of Programme
Planning in N.S.S.
VI. Introduction to the Major Scheme of Development of
Government and Semi-Government Agencies.
(a) D.P.A.P., I.R.D.P., Benor, Minor Irrigation, Social
Forestry, E.G.S. etc.
(b) Town Planning, Slum improvement.
(c) Youth Welfare.
VII. Action Plan of a Project :
Every N.S.S. student volunteer will select one out of the
following and do the pilot work and submit the final plan of
action of the project to be undertaken for approval and
assessment:
(a) Project concerning the survey type of activity.
OR
(b) Project concerning programme type of activity.
OR
(c) Project concerning institutional study.
OR
(d) Project concerning dissemination of information in
adopted areas and getting feed back from the
community.
Note : Project work itself is a field work. Project work will be
conducted throughout the year. Allotment of the
project be given from the beginning of the I term. A
student should write a detailed report of the project
work and submit to the Head of the Concerned
Department. The Head will certify the Project Work at
the end of the year and will submit the marks to the
University out of 20.
T.Y.B.A. / 400
Books for Reading
1. Dr. S. K. Hulbe & Prof. P. R. Gaikwad : Introduction to
Rural Life, Pub. B.P.H.E. Societys C.S.R.D.,
Ahmednagar College, Ahmednagar.
2. Dr. S. K. Hulbe, Prof. P. R. Gaikwad : N. S. S. and Rural
Reconstruction. Some Guidelines for Villege Adoption
Programme. Pub. BPHE Societys C.S.R.D., Ahmednagar
College, Ahmednagar.
3. D. Paul Choudhary : Introduction to Social Work, Pub.
Atma Ram and Sons, Delhi-6.
4. K. D. Gangrade : Community Organization in India,
Pub. Popular Prakashan, Bombay.
5. S. K. Dey : Panchayati Raj-A Synthesis. Pub. Asia
Publishing House, New Delhi.
6. Rejeshwar Dayal- Panchayati Raj in India, Pub.
Metropolitan Book Co. Pvt. Ltd., Delhi.
7. S. C. Jain : Community Development and Panchayati Raj
in India. Pub. Allied Publishers, Bombay, New Delhi.
8. +.-+ . +.-. --..--. -..: '+... +'+'--. --e.
+.+.
Books for Reference
1. K. Singh : Social Work Theory and Practice, Pub.
Prakashan Kendra, Lucknow 226 007.
2. Walter A. Friedlander : Introduction to Social Welfares,
Pub. Prentice Hall of India (Pvt.) Ltd., New Delhi, 1967.
3. O. P. Dahama, O .P. Bhatnagar : Education and
Communications for Development, Pub. Oxford IBH
Publishing Co., New Delhi-Bombay.
T.Y.B.A. / 401
4. L.S. Mehra Youth in Modern Society, Pub. Chugh
Publications, Allahabad.
5. UNESCO Youth in the 1980s, Pub. The UNESCO Press.
6. Gauri Rani Banerjee-Tata Institute of Social Sciences,
Series No. 23.
7. S. H. Pathak Medical Social Work in India, Pub.
Principal, Delhi School of Social Work, 3, University
Road, Delhi-6 (1961).
8. K. K. Jacob, Methods and fields of Social Work in
India (1964).
9. .. . '--. ;--. '=e+ . '+ -.+ +. ,.+..
-.. '=e+. -.'+ .) (Social Case Work).
10. . -. ~.-.+. . -.-.'+ -.+ .-.. .+.. -. '+. +.
--e ,-.). +.+.
11. Nanavati Anjaria : Our Rural Problems.
12. A. R. Desai : Rural Sociology in India, Pub. Popular
Prakashan, Bombay.
13. .-. ~.++-+.. +.+: . -.-.'+ -.+-.--. +.':+:-
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T.Y.B.A. / 402
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(4) Physical Education in India D. G. Wakharkar, M.V.P.
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(7) Physical Education : Draft Curriculum, N.E.R.T.
Publication, New Delhi, 1980.
(8) Yoga Committee Report Govt. of Maharashtra, 1971.
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(10) National Sports Policy, 1986Ministry of Human
Resources.
(11) Physical Education in India D. G. Wakharkar, M.V.P.
Mandal, Amravati.
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T.Y.B.A. / 406
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